BE358043A

BE358043A -

Info

Publication number: BE358043A
Authority: BE

Description

       

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  Méthode pour la production de gaz à haute teneur en oxyde de carbone moyennant   classification   de combustibles solides. 



   On sait qu'en gazéifiant des combustibles solides avec de l'oxygène mélangé . de la vapeur   8'eau   ou bien à de l' anhy- dride carbonique on peut obtenir des gaz très riches en o xy- de de carbone qui peuvent être utilement employés soit pour la production de certains composés organiques oxygénés( tels que le méthamal et autres produits semblables), soit po ur la production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges d'azcte-hydrogène convenables pour la   synthèse   de l'ammoniaque, soit aussi comme gaz combustibles, en vue du haut pouvoir calorifique qu'ils possèdent. 



  La marche des gazogènes employés dans 1a gazéification 

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 dont mention ci-dessus, présente en pratique quelques   diffi-   cultés, tant dans le cas où l'on emploie des   gazogènes   dans lesquels les cendres sont déchargées en forme de scorie soli- de, que lorsque les cendres sont déchargées à l'état de masse fondue.

   Ces difficultés dépendent dans le cas de la scorie solide de sorties de flammes ou d'entrées d'air pendant l'opé- ration d'élimination des cendres, opération qui comporte donc la nécessité de suspendre la marche du   gazogène   et dans le cas de gazogènes à fusion des cendres, du fait que les maté- riaux réfractaires qui entrent en contact avec les cendres   tondues,   bien qu'ils soient choisis de qualité spéciale, tôt ou tard se détériorent rendant ainsi nécessaire leur substi- tution. 



   Or on a trouvé que, si dans un gazogène pour la   gazéifica-   tion d'un combustible solide moyennant injection d'oxygène et de vapeur d'eau, und'oxygène et d'  anhydride   carbonique on a soin que la composition et la vitesse des gaz injectés soient telles que la combustion puisse avoir lieu d'une façon très vive et rapide, et par conséquent à haute température, les cendres subissent une transformation chimiquequi empêche qu'elles   s'agglomèrent,   et de cette façon elles peuvent être obtenues sous forme d'une poudre très fine, qui est emportée par les gaz sortant du gazogène même. 



   Dans ces conditions les composés des métaux alcalins et   alcaline-terreux   contenus dans les cendres sont transformés en les oxydes ou hydroxydes correspondants, et par conséquent, en lavant dans l'eau les gaz sortant du   gazogène   de manière qu'ils soient refroidis convenablement, cette eau dissout les ditsoxydes et hydroxydes et fixe complètement ou presque l'annydride carbonique et les composés du soufre que les gaz mêmes peuvent contenir. 

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  Method for the production of gas with a high carbon monoxide content by classification of solid fuels.



   It is known that by gasifying solid fuels with mixed oxygen. from water vapor or carbon dioxide it is possible to obtain gases very rich in carbon dioxide which can be usefully employed either for the production of certain oxygenated organic compounds (such as methamal and other similar products), either for the production of hydrogen or azct-hydrogen mixtures suitable for the synthesis of ammonia, or also as fuel gases, in view of the high calorific value they possess.



  The progress of gasifiers used in gasification

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 mentioned above, presents some difficulties in practice, both in the case where gasifiers are used in which the ashes are discharged in the form of solid slag, and when the ashes are discharged in the state of melt.

   These difficulties depend in the case of the solid slag from the outlets of flames or the inlets of air during the ash removal operation, an operation which therefore involves the need to suspend the operation of the gasifier and in the case of Ash-melting gasifiers, since the refractory materials which come into contact with the sheared ash, although they are chosen of special quality, sooner or later deteriorate making their replacement necessary.



   Now it has been found that, if in a gasifier for the gasification of a solid fuel by injecting oxygen and water vapor, oxygen and carbon dioxide, care must be taken that the composition and the speed of the injected gases are such that the combustion can take place in a very lively and rapid manner, and consequently at high temperature, the ashes undergo a chemical transformation which prevents their agglomeration, and in this way they can be obtained in the form of a very fine powder, which is carried away by the gases leaving the gasifier itself.



   Under these conditions the compounds of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals contained in the ashes are transformed into the corresponding oxides or hydroxides, and consequently, by washing the gases leaving the gasifier in water so that they are suitably cooled, this water dissolves the so-called oxides and hydroxides and completely or almost completely fixes carbon dioxide and sulfur compounds that the gases themselves may contain.

** ATTENTION ** end of DESC field can contain start of CLMS **.

Claims

It should be noted that this washing is not always sufficient to retain all the ashes, consequently the refrigerating appliance will be followed by one or more powder chambers, <Desc / Clms Page number 3> possibly provided with precipitating agents, in order to obtain the complete separation of the ash from the gases.

The advantages of the present method derive from the fact that the gasifier can run absolutely continuously, and that the materials from which it is constructed have a longer life. Another advantage is that the alkali and alkaline earth compounds are used. contained in the ashes, for the elimination of carbon dioxide and sulfur compounds contained in the gas obtained.

Claims. EMI3.1

------..... ---- .....----------- 1 Method for the preparation of gas with a high carbon oxide content, by means of gasification of a solid fuel, characterized in that the ashes of the fuel are obtained in the form of a very fine powder, which is carried away by the gases which leave the gasifier employed, 2 / Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkali and alkaline earth metals contained in the ash are released in the form of oxides and hydroxides, and that the gas leaving the gasifier is cooled and washed with water which dissolves said oxides and hydroxides, and binds most of the carbon dioxide and sulfur compounds contained in the gas itself.

3 / Method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the complete elimination of ash is obtained by means of chambers. powder optionally provided with precipitating agents.

4 / The use of mixtures with a high carbon monoxide content produced by the present method. ** CAUTION ** end of field CLMS may contain start of DESC **.

5 / Any method according to what has been said in the above description, ** ATTENTION ** end of DESC field can contain start of CLMS **.