BE485745A - Improvements in clay processing - Google Patents
Improvements in clay processingInfo
- Publication number
- BE485745A BE485745A BE485745A BE485745A BE485745A BE 485745 A BE485745 A BE 485745A BE 485745 A BE485745 A BE 485745A BE 485745 A BE485745 A BE 485745A BE 485745 A BE485745 A BE 485745A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- clay
- rubber
- treated
- organic substance
- filler
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000981 basic dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WJLUBOLDZCQZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecyl(trimethyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WJLUBOLDZCQZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/346—Clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1315—Non-ceramic binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Description
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" Perfectionnements au traitement de l'argile "
La présente invention concerne le traitement de l'argile et elle vise un traitement rendant l'argile parti- culièrement appropriée pour servir de charge pour le caout- chouc. La capacité de l'argile de servir pour cette applica- tion est liée principalement à la propriété de l'argile de renforcer le caoutchouc auquel elle est incorporée sous for- me de charge. Lorsqu'on emploiera le mot "caoutchouc" ici, il est bien entendu que l'on entend par là le caoutchouc na- turel aussi bien que le caoutchouc synthétique'.
Bien que l'on ait déjà employé différentes sortes d'argile pour servir de charges dans le caoutchouc, on a
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constaté que du charbon finement divisé est supérieur quant à son action pour servir de charge. La supériorité du char- bon peut être attribuée au fait que la liaison entre la surface des particules de charbon et le caoutchouc qui l'entoure, est meilleure.
On sait que le carbonate de calcium est une charge pour le caoutchouc et que l'on peut l'améliorer en recou- vrant ses particules avec de l'acide stéarique. Une pareille amélioration n'est pas obtenue pour l'argile par l'emploi de revêtements en acide stéarique, par ce que les particules d'argile sont elles-mêmes acides. On sait aussi que l'on peut ajouter des matières alcalines au caoutchouc en vue d'accélérer le traitement, sans tenir compte des propriétés des additions alcalines choisies en ce qui concerne le renforcement du caoutchouc produit. On sait qu'en elles- mêmes les argiles sont des accélérateurs très satisfaisants, la présente invention ayanv pour but d'améliorer les argiles employées pour servir d'agents de renforcement pour le caoutchouc auquel elles sont incorporées pour servir de charges.
Conformément à l'invention, l'argile est rendue très propre a servir de charge par le revêtement des par- ticules d'argile avec une couche organique fortement adhé rente constituée par le produit de la réaction d'une subs- tance organique basique sur les particules acides de l'ar- gile. La substance organique basique peut être une amine aliphatique ou aromatique, une base quaternaire ou un colo- rant basique.
Pour que l'invention soit mieux comprise et qu'il soit plus facile de la mettre en pratique, on en décrira deux exemples en détail ci-dessous.
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Exemple I.
On a fait tremper dans de l'acide chlorhydrique à d % pendant 4 heures un kaolin ayant des propriétés d'échange basiques allant jusqu'à 3 milli-équivalents par 100 g. On l'a ensuite lavé quatre fois par décantation avec de l'eau distillée, puis on l'a lavé finalement sur un filtre. Le kaolin, ayant un pH d'environ 1,5 dans une suspension aqueuse,a été titré à pH 7 avec une solution d'hydroxyde de triméthylammonium cétylique, séché et pulvé- risé en vue de son incorporation directe à un mélange à base de caoutchouc. exemple II.
On a titré une suspension d'argile, dont le pH initial était de 4, à pH 6,3 avec de la benzylamine, en utilisant 0,25 g. de benzylamine pour 100 g. d'argile.
L'amélioration en proportion apportée par l'emploi de l'argile traitée pour servir de charge pour un mélange à base de caoutchouc résulte de ce qui suit :
On a préparé un mélange à base de caoutchouc con- tenant 100 parties en poids de caoutchouc fumé en feuilles et 78 parties en poids d'argile traitée par le procédé indi- qué dans l'exemple 1. Les résultats d'expérience ont donné pour le module d'élasticité (mesuré en kg/cm pour un allon- gement de 400 %) une valeur de 15,85 et pour la résistance à la traction une valeur de 240,858 kg/cm2. Un mélange sem- blable à base de caoutchouc contenant de l'argile non trai- tée a donné les valeurs correspondantes de 104,05 et 198,316.
Lorsque l'argile a été traitée par le procédé indiqué dans l'exemple 2, on a obtenu un module d'élastici- té de 17,116 kg/cm2 dans des conditions comparables. il est bien entendu que l'argile dont il est question
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ici est principalement de la kaolinite.
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"Improvements in the treatment of clay"
The present invention relates to the treatment of clay and is directed to a treatment making the clay particularly suitable as a filler for rubber. The ability of clay to be used for this application is primarily related to the clay's property of strengthening the rubber into which it is incorporated as a filler. When the word "rubber" is used herein, it will be understood that by this is meant natural rubber as well as synthetic rubber.
Although different kinds of clay have already been used to serve as fillers in rubber, we have
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found that finely divided coal is superior in its action as a filler. The superiority of carbon can be attributed to the fact that the bond between the surface of the carbon particles and the surrounding rubber is better.
It is known that calcium carbonate is a filler for rubber and that it can be improved by coating its particles with stearic acid. Such an improvement is not obtained for clay by the use of stearic acid coatings, because the clay particles are themselves acidic. It is also known that alkaline materials can be added to the rubber in order to speed up processing, regardless of the properties of the selected alkaline additions with respect to the reinforcement of the rubber produced. It is known that in themselves clays are very satisfactory accelerators, the aim of the present invention is to improve the clays used to serve as reinforcing agents for the rubber in which they are incorporated to serve as fillers.
According to the invention, the clay is made very suitable for use as filler by coating the clay particles with a strongly adherent organic layer consisting of the reaction product of a basic organic substance on the acidic particles of the clay. The basic organic substance can be an aliphatic or aromatic amine, a quaternary base or a basic dye.
In order for the invention to be better understood and easier to practice, two examples thereof will be described in detail below.
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Example I.
Kaolin having basic exchange properties of up to 3 milli-equivalents per 100 g was soaked in d% hydrochloric acid for 4 hours. It was then washed four times by decantation with distilled water, and then finally washed on a filter. Kaolin, having a pH of about 1.5 in an aqueous suspension, was titrated to pH 7 with a solution of cetyl trimethylammonium hydroxide, dried and sprayed for direct incorporation into a mixture based on rubber. example II.
A clay suspension, the initial pH of which was 4, was titrated to pH 6.3 with benzylamine, using 0.25 g. of benzylamine per 100 g. of clay.
The improvement in proportion brought about by the use of the treated clay as a filler for a rubber-based mixture results from the following:
A rubber mixture was prepared containing 100 parts by weight of smoked rubber sheets and 78 parts by weight of clay treated by the process given in Example 1. Experimental results gave for the modulus of elasticity (measured in kg / cm for an elongation of 400%) a value of 15.85 and for the tensile strength a value of 240.858 kg / cm2. A similar rubber mixture containing untreated clay gave the corresponding values of 104.05 and 198.316.
When the clay was treated by the method given in Example 2, an elastic modulus of 17.116 kg / cm2 was obtained under comparable conditions. it is of course understood that the clay in question
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here is mainly kaolinite.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB29998/47A GB630418A (en) | 1947-11-11 | 1947-11-11 | Improvements in or relating to the treatment of clay |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BE485745A true BE485745A (en) | 1948-11-30 |
Family
ID=38464093
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE485745A BE485745A (en) | 1947-11-11 | 1948-11-10 | Improvements in clay processing |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE485745A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH278948A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES185860A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR974795A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB630418A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL73186C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE971091C (en) * | 1950-12-14 | 1958-12-11 | Bayer Ag | Process for the production of colloid-finely divided dry silica |
| US3519591A (en) * | 1967-12-01 | 1970-07-07 | Amicon Corp | Process for treating fillers |
| US4532285A (en) * | 1983-07-07 | 1985-07-30 | Georgia Kaolin Company, Inc. | Organoclay antiozonant complex |
-
1947
- 1947-11-11 GB GB29998/47A patent/GB630418A/en not_active Expired
-
1948
- 1948-10-29 NL NL143038A patent/NL73186C/nl active
- 1948-11-08 ES ES0185860A patent/ES185860A1/en not_active Expired
- 1948-11-10 FR FR974795D patent/FR974795A/en not_active Expired
- 1948-11-10 BE BE485745A patent/BE485745A/en unknown
- 1948-11-11 CH CH278948D patent/CH278948A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR974795A (en) | 1951-02-26 |
| GB630418A (en) | 1949-10-12 |
| NL73186C (en) | 1953-04-15 |
| ES185860A1 (en) | 1949-02-01 |
| CH278948A (en) | 1951-11-15 |
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