BE646360A - - Google Patents

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Publication number
BE646360A
BE646360A BE646360A BE646360A BE646360A BE 646360 A BE646360 A BE 646360A BE 646360 A BE646360 A BE 646360A BE 646360 A BE646360 A BE 646360A BE 646360 A BE646360 A BE 646360A
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BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
emi
assembly
materials
temperature
metals
Prior art date
Application number
BE646360A
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English (en)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority to NL291499D priority Critical patent/NL291499A/xx
Priority to US355821A priority patent/US3317298A/en
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to BE646360A priority patent/BE646360A/fr
Priority to FR970372A priority patent/FR1387767A/fr
Publication of BE646360A publication Critical patent/BE646360A/fr

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/003Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
    • C04B37/005Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts consisting of glass or ceramic material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C10/00Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
    • C03C10/0036Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/062Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
    • C03C3/085Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/24Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions, i.e. for use as seals between dissimilar materials, e.g. glass and metal; Glass solders
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    • C04B37/00Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • C04B37/023Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
    • C04B37/025Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of glass or ceramic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/14Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
    • H01B1/16Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • H01B3/087Chemical composition of glass
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    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6565Cooling rate
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6567Treatment time
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
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    • C04B2237/00Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
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    • C04B2237/00Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
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    • C04B2237/00Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/04Ceramic interlayers
    • C04B2237/09Ceramic interlayers wherein the active component for bonding is not the largest fraction of the interlayer
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    • C04B2237/00Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
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    • C04B2237/30Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
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    • C04B2237/708Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the interlayers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Description


   <EMI ID=1.1> 

  
L'invention concerne la réalisation d'assemblage! par

  
 <EMI ID=2.1>   <EMI ID=3.1> 

  
Comme métaux entrent en ligne de compte de* métaux à point de fusion

  
 <EMI ID=4.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=5.1> 

  
positions sont choisies de-façon que leur coefficient de dilatation ne diffère pas trop de celui des matériaux avec lesquels il y a lieu de réaliser l'assemblage. Il est également connu que, dans le cas où ces coefficients de dilation diffèrent tellement qu'après refroidissement de la matière en fusion il se produirait de si grandes contraintes que l'assemblage risque de claquer, on peut obvier à cet  inconvénient par une géométrie appropriée des objets sur lesquels on réalise l'assemblage et par l'utilisation d'une très mince couche de  matière en fusion.

  
D'une façon générale, les assemblages connus présentent cependant des inconvénients en ce qui concerne l'adhérence, la robustesse, la possibilité de charge thermique et/ou l'herméticité.

  
Suivant l'invention, les assemblages par fusion à des objets constitués par un matériau céramique et/ou du métal, exempts de ces inconvénients,sont obtenus à l'aide de matériaux essentielle-

  
 <EMI ID=6.1> 

  
d'autres oxydes qui peuvent être absorbés sans inconvénient dans la

  
 <EMI ID=7.1> 

  
sibilité d'usinage ou les propriétés de l'assemblage.

  
Comme addition, on peut utiliser des oxydes de métaux alcalins, de métaux alcalino-terreux, de fer, de aine, de titane, de bore et de phosphore. 

  
 <EMI ID=8.1> 

  
d'assemblage. 

  
Dans la préparation de matériaux d'assemblage, on peut

  
 <EMI ID=9.1> 

  
posés qui, par chauffage, se transforment en été oxyder par exemple des carbonates et des hydroxydes, ainsi que des Composée des oxydes entre eux, tela que des silicates. 

  
 <EMI ID=10.1> 

  
Pour réaliser l'assemblage, un mélange des substances de départ de cette composition, tombant Cana le domaine mentionné, est' appliqué, dans un état de réaction préalable ou non, et suivant sa

  
 <EMI ID=11.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=12.1> 

  
De préférence, le matériau d'assemblage est appliqué à l'état de poudre, par exemple à l'aida d'une suspension ou d'une pâte. Etant donné qu'à l'état fondu lait matériaux en cause humectent parfaitement la céramique et le métal, le matériau peut également être posé sous forme d'un ou plusieurs grands morceaux sur les sur-

  
 <EMI ID=13.1> 

  
une tige et une plaque, il n'est mime pas indispensable de disposer du Matériau d'assemblage entre les parties} il suffit d'appliquer 

  
un matériau près de l'endroit d'assemblage. Après fusion, le maté.  riau se diffuse alors, sous l'effet de forces capillaires, entre les 

  
 <EMI ID=14.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=15.1>  

  
 <EMI ID=16.1> 

  
Pour autant que l'assemblage doit être réalité à la céramique ou à des métaux non oxydants, la fusion du matériau peut toujours s'effectuer dans l'air. Toutefois, une partie du manganèse  bivalent existant acquerra par oxydation une valence plus élevée.

  
De ce fait, la couche d'assemblage acquiert une certaine conduoti-  bilité électrique. Lorsqu'on désire un assemblage présentant des propriétés d'isolement aussi bonnes que possible* la fusion doit

  
être effectuée dans une atmosphère gazeuse non oxydante telle que

  
 <EMI ID=17.1> 

  
oxydables. Parfois, il importe également d'utiliser un gaz humide  pour obtenir une oxydation superficielle de parties Métalliques, 

  
 <EMI ID=18.1> 

  
pour lesquels le chauffage s'effectue dans une atmosphère gazeuse  non oxydante, il importe d'utilisé!} des matériaux d'assemblage 

  
 <EMI ID=19.1> 

  
rale, les assemblages à faible teneur en phase cristalline présente!;;

  
de meilleures propriétés mécaniques. 

  
 <EMI ID=20.1> 

  
mesure.-pour la charge thermique admissible. En méat temps, on a mentionné.pour ces compotes Inexistence éventuelle d'une phase  cristalline.. 

  
La température d'amollissement D considérée ici est  définie par la mesure suivantes 

  
 <EMI ID=21.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=22.1> 

  
Le tableau donne le résultat de deux mesures.

  
 <EMI ID=23.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=24.1> 

  
la cristallisation. Lorsque la température *et maintenue, lors du 

  
 <EMI ID=25.1>  

  
 <EMI ID=26.1> 

  

 <EMI ID=27.1> 


  
 <EMI ID=28.1> 

  
de laquelle l'assemblage s'est rompu au cours des essais mentionné$ ci-après* 

  
Les mesures en cause sont effectuées sur de* assemblage$

  
 <EMI ID=29.1> 

  
la section indiquât. 

  
L'épaisseur de la couche d'assemblage était inférieure'

  
 <EMI ID=30.1> 

  
ce qui conserve à la couche d'assemblage son état vitreux. D'autre*  assemblages furent maintenus, au cours du refroidissement, pendant 

  
 <EMI ID=31.1> 

  
Pour la mesure, les tiges furent posées à une distance de 
25 mm de part et d'autre de 1 Assemblage sur des appuis en lame de  couteau et, à l'endroit d'assemblage, on a fait agir à la température !

  
 <EMI ID=32.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=33.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=34.1> 

  
à l'extérieur de l'assemblage dans le Il 20 3 est indiquée pari, la  rupture à la surface limite avec le FeNiCo par et la rupture dans 

  
 <EMI ID=35.1>   <EMI ID=36.1> 

  

 <EMI ID=37.1> 


  
On a en outre déterminé l'influence de certaines additient sur la température de fusion et sur la cristallisation de la matière portée à fusion. 

  
 <EMI ID=38.1> 

  
par minute, 

  
On constata que la température de fusion qui, peul, la 

  
 <EMI ID=39.1>  

  
 <EMI ID=40.1> 

  

 <EMI ID=41.1> 


  
Le pourcentage de phase cristalline obtenu par refroidis-

  
 <EMI ID=42.1> 

  
tion de la température. A titre de comparaison, cette figure donne également les variations du coefficient de dilatation de certains matériaux avec lesquels les assemblages par fusion conformes à . 

  
 <EMI ID=43.1>   <EMI ID=44.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=45.1> 

  
position permet d'obtenir une adaptation appropriée de la dilatation du matériau d'assemblage à celle des matériaux à assembler.. 

  
 <EMI ID=46.1> 

  
monte de combustion à l'oxyde d'uranium et, d'une fayon générale,  pour les constructions comport&nt des assemblages entre des parties de céramique et/ou de métal. De plus, l'invention peut être utilisée pour l'obturation d'ouvertures dans de telles parties et pour le recouvrement local de surfaces de ces parties. C'est ainsi par exemple que des objecs métalliques peuvent être munis d'une couche isolante électrique. Par suite du fait que les matériaux d'assemblage adhèrent

  
 <EMI ID=47.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=48.1> 

  
vérulent, il est également possible d'appliquer, à l'aide de maté*

  
 <EMI ID=49.1> 

  
pulvérulents, des couches conductrices de l'électricité sur de la,

  
 <EMI ID=50.1> 

  
pouvant être utilisée pour l'obtention de bons résultats dans ce mélange dépend de la grandeur des grains et de la température à  laquelle on chauffe, ainsi que de l'atmosphère dans laquelle on  chauffe* D'une façon générale, la teneur en poudre métallique des 

  
 <EMI ID=51.1> 

  
plus élevée, l'assemblage ne présente généralement pas la résistance mécanique suffisante et, dans le cas d'une teneur plus basse, la conductivité électrique est trop faible.

  
A titre d'explication de l'invention et comme complément aux formes de réalisation déjà mentionnées dans le texte relatif 

  
 <EMI ID=52.1> 

  
sation. 

  
 <EMI ID=53.1> 

  
dans l'air, il se produit une certaine oxydation du manganèse

  
 <EMI ID=54.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=55.1> 

  
partie en poids de la composition 6 avec 4 parties en poids de poudre 

  
 <EMI ID=56.1> 

  
fritte quelque peu.

Claims (1)

  1. <EMI ID=57.1>
    7. A surface d'un élément de combustion constitué par de l'oxyde d'uranium fritte on fixe,, par application, par
    <EMI ID=58.1>
    <EMI ID=59.1>
    <EMI ID=60.1>
    vénient dans le bain et/ou exercer une influence favorable sur la possibilité d'usinage ou les propriétés du composé, <EMI ID=61.1>
    <EMI ID=62.1>
    l'un des procédés spécifiés ci-dessus.
BE646360A 1963-04-11 1964-04-09 BE646360A (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL291499D NL291499A (fr) 1964-04-09
US355821A US3317298A (en) 1963-04-11 1964-03-30 Process for joining surfaces of refractory material with a mno-sio2-al2o3 system
BE646360A BE646360A (fr) 1964-04-09 1964-04-09
FR970372A FR1387767A (fr) 1964-04-09 1964-04-09 Procédé de réalisation d'assemblages par fusion entre des objets constitués par des matériaux céramiques et par des métaux

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE646360A BE646360A (fr) 1964-04-09 1964-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BE646360A true BE646360A (fr) 1964-10-09

Family

ID=3846307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BE646360A BE646360A (fr) 1963-04-11 1964-04-09

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BE (1) BE646360A (fr)
NL (1) NL291499A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3490947A4 (fr) * 2016-07-29 2020-04-01 Corning Incorporated Vitrocéramique de kanoite

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3490947A4 (fr) * 2016-07-29 2020-04-01 Corning Incorporated Vitrocéramique de kanoite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL291499A (fr)

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