BE815841A - Procede de production d'ethylene-glycol et de metanol - Google Patents

Procede de production d'ethylene-glycol et de metanol

Info

Publication number
BE815841A
BE815841A BE145012A BE145012A BE815841A BE 815841 A BE815841 A BE 815841A BE 145012 A BE145012 A BE 145012A BE 145012 A BE145012 A BE 145012A BE 815841 A BE815841 A BE 815841A
Authority
BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
glycol
methanol
ethylene glycol
carbon monoxide
concn
Prior art date
Application number
BE145012A
Other languages
English (en)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Publication of BE815841A publication Critical patent/BE815841A/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
    • B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
    • B01J31/0244—Nitrogen containing compounds with nitrogen contained as ring member in aromatic compounds or moieties, e.g. pyridine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
    • B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
    • B01J31/0241—Imines or enamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/20—Carbonyls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/1512—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by reaction conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/1512—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by reaction conditions
    • C07C29/1514—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by reaction conditions the solvents being characteristic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/152—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/153—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used
    • C07C29/156—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals, platinum group metals or compounds thereof
    • C07C29/157—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals, platinum group metals or compounds thereof containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
    • C07C29/158—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals, platinum group metals or compounds thereof containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof containing rhodium or compounds thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/60—Reduction reactions, e.g. hydrogenation
    • B01J2231/64—Reductions in general of organic substrates, e.g. hydride reductions or hydrogenations
    • B01J2231/641—Hydrogenation of organic substrates, i.e. H2 or H-transfer hydrogenations, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch processes
    • B01J2231/648—Fischer-Tropsch-type reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
    • B01J2531/0202—Polynuclearity
    • B01J2531/0211—Metal clusters, i.e. complexes comprising 3 to about 1000 metal atoms with metal-metal bonds to provide one or more all-metal (M)n rings, e.g. Rh4(CO)12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
    • B01J2531/822—Rhodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22—Organic complexes
    • B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
    • B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
    • B01J31/223—At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
    • B01J31/2234—Beta-dicarbonyl ligands, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/40—Regeneration or reactivation
    • B01J31/4015—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals
    • B01J31/4023—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
    • B01J31/4038—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper containing noble metals
    • B01J31/4046—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper containing noble metals containing rhodium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
BE145012A 1973-06-19 1974-05-31 Procede de production d'ethylene-glycol et de metanol BE815841A (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US37135373A 1973-06-19 1973-06-19
US05/470,115 US3940432A (en) 1973-06-19 1974-05-15 Process for making ethylene glycol

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BE815841A true BE815841A (fr) 1974-12-02

Family

ID=27005345

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BE145012A BE815841A (fr) 1973-06-19 1974-05-31 Procede de production d'ethylene-glycol et de metanol

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US3940432A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5315047B2 (fr)
AR (1) AR214706A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU497318B2 (fr)
BE (1) BE815841A (fr)
BR (1) BR7404468D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA1031375A (fr)
DE (1) DE2426495B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES426807A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2234257B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1477392A (fr)
IL (1) IL44944A (fr)
IN (1) IN142807B (fr)
IT (1) IT1017012B (fr)
NL (1) NL7407383A (fr)
SE (1) SE415561B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA743313B (fr)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4228094A (en) * 1976-08-19 1980-10-14 Union Carbide Corporation Ethylene glycol extraction process
GB1568427A (en) * 1976-10-21 1980-05-29 Chevron Res Process for preparing glycol and methanol
US4111975A (en) * 1977-03-30 1978-09-05 Union Carbide Corporation Catalytic process for producing polyhydric alcohols and derivatives
US4168391A (en) * 1977-12-05 1979-09-18 Celanese Corporation Production of ethanol from methanol
EP0002908B1 (fr) * 1977-12-16 1982-05-12 Monsanto Company Hydroformylation de formaldéhyde par un catalyseur au rhodium
US4211719A (en) * 1978-02-13 1980-07-08 Union Carbide Corporation Catalytic process for polyhydric alcohols and derivatives
US4192777A (en) * 1978-03-01 1980-03-11 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Preparation and use of supported potassium (or rubidium)-Group VIII-metal cluster catalysts in CO/H2 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactions
US4224236A (en) * 1978-04-04 1980-09-23 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the manufacture of oxygen-containing carbon compounds from synthesis gas
DE2960477D1 (en) * 1978-04-04 1981-10-22 Hoechst Ag Process for the preparation of oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds starting from a synthesis gas
US4170606A (en) * 1978-04-06 1979-10-09 Gulf Research And Development Company Synthesis of ethylene glycol from carbon monoxide and hydrogen using an iridium complex catalyst and a pyridine base ligand
DE2941998A1 (de) * 1978-12-11 1980-06-19 Texaco Development Corp Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen herstellung von estern, von alkanolen und vicinalen glykolen
US4224235A (en) * 1978-12-11 1980-09-23 Union Carbide Corporation Rhodium catalyst regeneration by thermal treatment
US4348539A (en) * 1979-11-01 1982-09-07 Union Carbide Corporation Heteronuclear-bridged rhodium clusters
US4288380A (en) * 1979-11-01 1981-09-08 Union Carbide Corporation Heteronuclear-bridged rhodium clusters
US4265828A (en) * 1979-12-31 1981-05-05 Texaco Development Corp. Manufacture of ethylene glycol from synthesis gas
EP0033212A3 (fr) * 1980-01-24 1981-09-09 The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. Procédé de synthèse d'hydrocarbures oxygénés à partir du gaz de synthèse
JPS5779001U (fr) * 1980-11-04 1982-05-15
CA1172262A (fr) * 1980-12-24 1984-08-07 Barbara K. Warren Methode de production de l'ethylene glycol
US4399233A (en) * 1982-03-11 1983-08-16 Texaco Inc. Process for preparing low molecular weight oxygenated compounds from syngas using novel catalyst system
KR930003649B1 (ko) * 1990-10-05 1993-05-08 재단법인 한국화학연구소 에틸리덴 디 아세테이트 제조용 고체촉매, 그의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 연속식, 공정에 의한 에틸리덴 디 아세테이트의 제조방법
KR930003650B1 (ko) * 1990-10-08 1993-05-08 재단법인 한국화학연구소 에틸리덴 디 아세테이트 제조용 유기체 담지 촉매 및 이를 이용한 에틸리덴 디 아세테이트의 제조방법
WO2002087809A1 (fr) * 2001-04-27 2002-11-07 Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. Poudre de cuivre pour pate electroconductrice a excellente resistance a l'oxydation et procede de preparation
DE102007027372A1 (de) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh Verfahren zur Hydrierung von Glycerin
CN102952009B (zh) * 2012-08-06 2015-07-22 刘长宝 利用乙二醇生产琥珀酸和1,4-丁二醇的方法、工艺和生产线

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1741307A (en) * 1925-09-09 1929-12-31 Selden Co Process of reducing products of carbon monoxide
GB655237A (en) * 1947-12-23 1951-07-11 Du Pont Improvements in the preparation of glycol and glycerol and their esters
US2636046A (en) * 1948-10-16 1953-04-21 Du Pont Preparation of polyfunctional compounds
US2534018A (en) * 1949-08-11 1950-12-12 Du Pont Preparation of polyfunctional compounds
US3081357A (en) * 1960-05-24 1963-03-12 Du Pont Process for producing alkanediols
US3310576A (en) * 1963-02-05 1967-03-21 Exxon Research Engineering Co Hydroformylation catalyst and process relating thereto
US3644446A (en) * 1969-07-01 1972-02-22 Union Oil Co Preparation of rhodium and iridium hydride carbonyl complexes
US3833634A (en) * 1971-12-21 1974-09-03 Union Carbide Corp Manufacture of polyfunctional compounds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU497318B2 (en) 1978-12-07
JPS5315047B2 (fr) 1978-05-22
IL44944A (en) 1977-10-31
AU6953174A (en) 1975-12-04
US3940432A (en) 1976-02-24
GB1477392A (en) 1977-06-22
BR7404468D0 (pt) 1975-09-30
AR214706A1 (es) 1979-07-31
CA1031375A (fr) 1978-05-16
DE2426495B2 (de) 1976-10-28
NL7407383A (fr) 1974-12-23
DE2426495A1 (de) 1975-01-09
ZA743313B (en) 1975-05-28
SE415561B (sv) 1980-10-13
FR2234257A1 (fr) 1975-01-17
IL44944A0 (en) 1974-07-31
JPS5032117A (fr) 1975-03-28
SE7407278L (fr) 1974-12-20
ES426807A1 (es) 1976-09-16
IT1017012B (it) 1977-07-20
IN142807B (fr) 1977-08-27
FR2234257B1 (fr) 1978-01-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ES426807A1 (es) Procedimiento mejorado de obtencion de etilenglicol y meta-nol.
US3689575A (en) Methanol synthesis
GB1511961A (en) Process for the production of methyl formate
ES429500A1 (es) Procedimiento para la carboxilacion de alcoholes.
EP0002908A1 (fr) Hydroformylation de formaldéhyde par un catalyseur au rhodium
ES8203954A1 (es) Procedimiento para la produccion de una mezcla de metanol y alcoholes superiores grado carburante
Kudo et al. Synthesis of dimethyl formamide from carbon dioxide, hydrogen and dimethyl amine catalyzed by palladium (II) chloride.
US2729650A (en) Production of dialdehydes and derivatives thereof
ES398366A1 (es) Un procedimiento para la produccion de metano a partir de un combustible carbonoso.
GB1306863A (en) Production of acetic acid
ES382368A1 (es) Procedimiento para separar materiales no reaccionados de unefluente de sintesis de urea.
GB1440413A (en) Process for producing butyraldehydes
US3758417A (en) Copper zinc didymium oxide containing catelysts
GB912974A (en) Production of aldehydes and alcohols
GB1430616A (en) Process for producing a reducing gas
ES471942A1 (es) Procedimiento para la obtencion de gases de sintesis
EP0011842A3 (en) Process for the decomposition of formic acid esters
FR2259078A1 (en) Ethanol prodn. from gas mixt. contg. carbon monoxide and hydrogen - by contacting with catalyst contg. rhodium and iron
GB1510856A (en) Manufacture of formaldehyde
CA1172262A (fr) Methode de production de l'ethylene glycol
GB1425751A (en) Production of formaldehyde
Fujimoto et al. Promotion effect of hydrogen on vapor phase carbonylation of methanol over nickel on active carbon catalyst
US4228094A (en) Ethylene glycol extraction process
US3615192A (en) Oxidation of hydrogen cyanide to cyanogen in a liquid medium utilizing a copper catalyst
US2757131A (en) - it lt v x