BRPI0710301A2 - estrutura multicamada flexìvel para tubos - Google Patents

estrutura multicamada flexìvel para tubos Download PDF

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Publication number
BRPI0710301A2
BRPI0710301A2 BRPI0710301-8A BRPI0710301A BRPI0710301A2 BR PI0710301 A2 BRPI0710301 A2 BR PI0710301A2 BR PI0710301 A BRPI0710301 A BR PI0710301A BR PI0710301 A2 BRPI0710301 A2 BR PI0710301A2
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
layer
laminate
layers
tube
thickness
Prior art date
Application number
BRPI0710301-8A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jacques Thomasset
Stephane Mathieu
Original Assignee
Aisapack Holding Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP06118170A external-priority patent/EP1884348A1/fr
Priority claimed from EP06118199A external-priority patent/EP1884349A1/fr
Application filed by Aisapack Holding Sa filed Critical Aisapack Holding Sa
Publication of BRPI0710301A2 publication Critical patent/BRPI0710301A2/pt
Publication of BRPI0710301B1 publication Critical patent/BRPI0710301B1/pt

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5021Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • B29C65/505Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined and placed in a recess formed in the parts to be joined, e.g. in order to obtain a continuous surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142Single butt to butt joints
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • B29C66/73713General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented bi-axially or multi-axially
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Packages (AREA)

Abstract

<B>ESTRUTURA MULTICAMADA FLEXìVEL PARA TUBOS.<D> A presente invenção refere-se a um tubo flexível para embalagem formada de um laminado que comporta pelo menos uma primeira camada e uma segunda camada, caracterizado pelo fato de a primeira camada ser constituída de um material, cujas propriedades tornam possível a soldagem da primeira camada sobre ela própria e pelo fato de a segunda camada ser constituída de um material, cujas propriedades não tornam possível a soldagem da segunda camada sobre a primeira camada.

Description

Relatório Descritivo da Patente de Invenção para "ESTRUTURAMULTICAMADA FLEXÍVEL PARA TUBOS".
Domínio da Invenção
A presente invenção refere-se ao domínio da embalagem e visamelhorar os tubos flexíveis formados por meio de películas plásticas. Ela serefere mais precisamente a uma estrutura multicamada e a seu modo defabricação.
Estado da Técnica
Os tubos flexíveis são comumente utilizados para embalar pas-tas dentifrícias, produtos cosméticos, produtos farmacêuticos ou ainda pro-dutos alimentícios.
Numerosos tubos flexíveis são confeccionados a partir de umlaminado, cujas extremidades são ligadas por soldagem, a fim de formar ocorpo tubular flexível. A soldagem do corpo tubular é feita por superposiçãodas extremidades do laminado e soldagem das superfícies no nível do reco-brimento. Sobre esse corpo tubular, uma cabeça de tubo é em seguida sol-dada ou sobremoldada.
Os laminados comumente utilizados resultam da complexagemde três películas:
- uma primeira película que forma a superfície superior do lami-nado e a superfície externa da embalagem. É geralmente impressa e com-porta freqüentemente várias camadas. Ela é soldada sobre a terceira pelícu-la no nível do-recobrimento das extremidades do laminado. De preferência,essa primeira película é constituída de poliolefinas, a fim de permitir a con-fecção da embalagem por soldagem à grande cadência de produção;
- uma segunda película, presa entre a primeira e a terceira pelí-cula, formando a parte central do laminado e oferecendo freqüentementepropriedades de barreiras, como uma pequena permeabilidade aos aromasou ao oxigênio. A segunda película consiste, por exemplo, em uma folha dealumínio ou em uma película multicamada, comportando um polímero barrei-ra como o etileno vinila álcool (EVOH);
- uma terceira película que forma a superfície inferior do lamina-do e a superfície interna da embalagem. Essa película está em contato como produto embalado e garante as propriedades de higiene da embalagem.Ela é soldada sobre a primeira película no nível do recobrimento das extre-midades do laminado. É também ligada por soldagem à cabeça de tubo. Aterceira película é freqüentemente uma camada e constituída de poliolefinas,a fim de permitir a soldagem à grande cadência de produto.
O pedido de patente EP2701926 tem por objeto um tubo forma-do de uma aba flexível multicamada, comportando uma camada de efeitobarreira face ao oxigênio e aos aromas; essa camada sendo presa entre vá-rias camadas à base de poliolefinas. A espessura total das camadas situa-das entre a camada de efeito barreira e a superfície interna da embalagemestá compreendida entre 55 e 135 mícrons, a fim de melhor preservar osaromas.
O pedido de patente EP203265 propõe um laminado multicama-da para confeccionar tubos flexíveis e tendo uma grande resistência ao en-velhecimento sob esforço (stress cracking). A estrutura multicamada com-porta uma camada de polietileno linear baixa densidade (LLDPE) formando asuperfície interna do tubo. Essa camada em LLDPE permite a soldagem àgrande velocidade sobre a camada externa em polietileno e apresenta umaresistência elevada à geração de poeiras por atrito. EP203265 propõe a se-guinte estrutura multicamada preferencial; as camadas são enumeradas apartir da camada superior que forma a superfície externa do tubo, em dire-ção à camada inferior do laminado que forma a superfície interna do tubo:PE-PE-papel-LDPE-adesivo-alumínio-adesivo-LLDPE.
A patente US4418841 propõe um laminado que apresenta umaresistência elevada graças a uma película de polietileno biorientado (BOPP)preso na estrutura. O tubo compreende, além disso, uma camada de polieti-leno linear baixa densidade (LLDPE), melhorando de forma substancial aresistência ao envelhecimento sob esforço (stress cracking) e a resistência àformação de poeiras por atrito. A patente US4418841 propõe a seguinte es-trutura multicamada preferencial; as camadas sendo enumeradas a partir dacamada superior que forma a superfície externa do tubo, em direção à ca-mada inferior do laminado formando a superfície interna: LDPE-LDPE-papel-PEI-OPP-PEI-EAA-alumínio-EAA-LLDPE.
A patente US5051266 propõe um tubo flexível composto de umlaminado cuja camada inferior que forma a superfície interna da embalagemé formada de uma mistura de etileno vinila acetato (EVA) e de um copolíme-ro de etileno ácido acrílico. Pelo menos a camada interna do laminado é ir-radiada. O tubo é utilizado para um cozimento in situ do produto embalado; otubo sendo mergulhado em um banho aquoso. A estrutura multicamada pro-posta na patente US5051266 melhora o contato entre o produto e a superfí-cie interna do tubo.
Problema a resolver
Os tubos propostos na técnica anterior são confeccionados apartir de laminados, comportando numerosas camadas, permitindo:
- garantir propriedades de barreiras suficientes;
- a soldagem à grande velocidade;
- apresentar uma superfície externa impressa ou imprimível;
- garantir uma resistência ao envelhecimento sob esforço (stresscracking)
- evitar a formação de poeiras por atrito;
- apresentar uma resistência suficiente;
- garantir propriedades de higiene face o produto embalado.
É de grande interesse reduzir um número de camada desseslaminados, a fim de-simplificar o processo de fabricação e chegar a comple-xos mais econômicos.
Definição dos termos utilizados no exposto da invenção
No exposto da invenção os seguintes termos e abreviações sãoutilizados:
Laminado: película multicamada resultante da complexagem devárias películas;
BOPET: polietileno tereftalato biorientado
BOPP: polipropileno orientado
ΒΟΡΑ: poliamida biorientadoPE: polietileno
LDPE: polietileno baixa densidade
LLDPE: polietileno baixa densidade linear
HDPE: polietileno alta densidade
EVOH: etileno álcool vinílico
Adesivo: cola utilizada quando da confecção dos laminados paraassociar várias películas
Cola: produto adesivo servindo para colar a cinta sobre o laminado
Soldagem: a operação de soldagem chega a ligar, fazendo-sefundir materiais de mesma natureza ou miscíveis no estado fundido, essamiscibilidade manifestando-se pela difusão e pela interpenetração das ca-deias moleculares; depois fazendo-se resfriar esses materiais, a fim de soli-dificar o estado de interpenetração molecular.
Colagem: por oposição à soldagem, a colagem é definida comouma operação de ligação de dois materiais não sendo de mesma naturezaou imiscível no estado fundido. A colagem pode fazer intervir mecanismosquímicos (reação das extremidades de cadeia, reticulação), mecanismosfísicos (forças de Van des Waals, evaporação). A colagem é uma operaçãode ligação que pode ser realizada à temperatura ambiente ou aquecendo osmateriais.
Camada soldante: camada, cuja principal característica é depermitir e facilitar a confecção da embalagem por soldagem.Camada funcional: camada cuja principal característica é o for-necimento de propriedades diferentes da faculdade de se soldar. As cama-"das funcionais," geralmente de fina espessura, são utilizadas por exemplopara melhorar a aparência da embalagem (camadas impressas, camadastransparentes), para melhorar a resistência da embalagem (camadas biori-entadas, camadas-técnicas), para fornecer propriedades de barreira (oxigê-nio, aromas) ou para fornecer a funcionalidade (rasgo fácil para a aberturada embalagem).
Sumário da invençãoA invenção se refere a um tubo flexível para embalagem forma-da de um laminado que comporta pelo menos uma primeira camada e umasegunda camada, caracterizado pelo fato da primeira camada ser constituídade um material, cujas propriedades tornam possível a soldagem da primeiracamada sobre ela própria e pelo fato da segunda camada ser constituída deum material, cujas propriedades não tornam possível a soldagem da segun-da camada sobre a primeira camada.
Vantajosamente, a invenção compreende:
- uma primeira camada à base de poliolefina, formando a super-fície interna da embalagem;
- uma segunda camada em polímero biorientada, formando asuperfície externa da embalagem.
De preferência, a primeira camada é uma camada de polietilenoque pode ser soldada sobre ela própria à grande velocidade. Uma camadade polietileno baixa densidade linear, formando a face interna da embala-gem, é vantajosa.
De acordo com um modo de realização da invenção, o laminadoapresenta uma camada com efeito barreira face o oxigênio ou aromas.
De acordo com um outro modo de realização, as camadas à ba-se de poliolefina representam pelo menos 60% da espessura total.
De acordo com um outro modo de realização, o laminado apre-senta uma espessura inferior a 200 mícrons.
Preferencialmente,-esse-laminado-resülta da complexagem de
somente duas películas.
O tubo, de acordo com a invenção, apresenta uma resistência àexplosão melhorada, uma excelente resistência ao impacto quando de umaqueda, uma resistência muito boa ao envelhecimento sob esforço e boaspropriedades barreiras.
O tubo é confeccionado por soldagem ponta a ponta das extre-midades do laminado e por acréscimo de uma cinta de espessura estreitaligando as extremidades desse laminado.Descrição detalhada da invençãoA invenção descreve um tubo que tem uma estrutura multicama-da vantajosa. Contrariamente ao que é proposto na técnica anterior, essaestrutura multicamada se distingue notadamente pelo fato das superfíciesinterna e externa desse tubo não podem ser soldadas uma sobre a outra.
A invenção, ilustrada na figura 1, representa a seção de um cor-po tubular flexível 1 formado por soldagem das extremidades de um lamina-do 2. O laminado 2 comporta pelo menos uma primeira camada 3, que formaa superfície externa do corpo tubular, e uma segunda camada 4, formando asuperfície interna desse corpo tubular. A camada 4 se compõe de resinas àbase de poliolefina e pode se soldar facilmente sobre ela mesma no nível daligação ponta a ponta 5 das extremidades do laminado. A camada interna 4permite a ligação de uma cabeça de tubo no nível da extremidade do corpotubular 1; essa cabeça de tubo podendo ser ligada por soldagem ou por so-bremoldagem. A camada 4 que está em contato com o produto embaladofornece as propriedades de higiene requeridas para a conservação do pro-duto. De preferência, as camadas à base de poliolefina representam pelomenos 60% da espessura do laminado. A camada 3 que forma a superfícieexterna do laminado serve geralmente de suporte para a decoração, essadecoração podendo ser na superfície da embalagem ou presa na espessurado laminado. A camada 3 é vantajosamente uma camada funcional de es-pessura estreita e de grande resistência. A camada 3 pode ser escolhidatambém por suas propriedades de superfície (toque) e suas propriedades—ópticas-(brilho, transparência-)—Devido-à-complementariedade de suas pro-priedades, as camadas 3 e 4 são de natureza diferente e não podem sersoldadas uma sobre a outra. As camadas que formam o laminado são liga-das entre si por um adesivo e ligadas segundo os métodos conhecidos pelotécnico. A confecção do corpo tubular não pode ser realizada por soldagemdo recobrimento das extremidades do laminado, pois as camadas 3 e 4 não-podem sersoldadas uma sobre a outra. Um método de ligação ponta a pon-ta das extremidades do laminado é proposta.
De acordo com um modo preferencial da invenção, o laminado 2resulta da ligação de somente duas películas que podem conter várias ca-madas, contrariamente aos laminados utilizados atualmente que necessitamda ligação de três películas. Segundo esse modo preferencial da invenção,uma primeira película comporta pelo menos a camada 3 que forma a cama-da externa da embalagem, e a segunda película comporta pelo menos a camada 5, que forma a superfície interna da embalagem. De preferência, aprimeira película comporta camadas funcionais e a segunda película com-porta camadas soldantes.
De acordo com um modo de realização da invenção particular-mente vantajoso, o tubo 1 é formado de um laminado 2, comportando uma camada de polímero biorientada 3, formando sua superfície externa. A ca-mada de polímero biorientada fornece uma grande resistência, assim comopropriedades ópticas (brilho, transparência) que melhoram a estética da em-balagem. De acordo com um primeiro exemplo de realização da invenção, olaminado comporta uma camada de BOPET que forma a superfície externa do laminado, e uma camada do PEBDL que forma a superfície interna daembalagem; as duas camadas sendo ligadas entre si por uma fina espessu-ra de adesivo. A camada de PEBDL representa mais de 80% da espessuradesse laminado. A fim de melhorar a impermeabilidade ao oxigênio ou aosaromas da estrutura multicamada, é vantajoso acrescentar uma camada su- plementar com efeito barreira. Por exemplo, uma camada de EVOH pode serinserida na camada de PEBDL. Uma outra solução consiste em fazer umdepósito Siox sobre a camada de BOPET.
A estrutura-multicamada do tubo proposto na invenção apresen-ta numerosas vantagens. Essa estrutura multicamada que comporta um nú-mero de camada reduzido apresenta uma grande resistência, uma baixapermeabilidade ao oxigênio e aos aromas,-assim como excelentes proprie-dades estéticas. O tubo pode ser decorado sobre toda a circunferência docorpo tubular, sem descontinuidade da decoração na zona de soldadura.
Um ponto chave da invenção reside no método de soldagem dolaminado para formar o corpo tubular 1. Com efeito, é importante que a zonade soldagem apresente propriedades similares àquela do laminado para quea embalagem possua propriedades homogêneas. A invenção propõe ummétodo de ligação das extremidades do laminado que permite obter proprie-dades no nível da zona soldada pelo menos iguais àquela do laminado. Ide-almente, a zona soldada não pode ser detectada pelo usuário da embala-gem; nem esteticamente, nem mecanicamente.
Um presente método de confecção do corpo tubular 1 é ilustradona figura 2. Esse método consiste em soldar ponta a ponta as extremidadesdo laminado 2 e em reforçar a zona de soldadura 5 por intermédio de umacinta 6 fixada sobre a superfície externa da embalagem. Em geral, a opera-ção de soldagem ponta a ponta das extremidades do laminado 2 leva a umaligação parcial dessas extremidades, só a camada soldante 4 sendo efeti-vamente soldada. Resulta uma zona de fragilidade do corpo tubular no nívelda zona soldada 5, pois a camada 3 não é soldada ponta a ponta. A cinta 6permite reforçar a zona soldada e compensa a descontinuidade da camada3 ao nível da soldadura. De preferência, a cinta 6 comporta uma camada depolímero biorientada de resistência superior ou igual a resistência da cama-da 3. A cinta 6 pode ser soldada ou colada sobre a camada 3. Quando acamada 3 é uma camada de polímero biorientada, a cinta 6 é geralmentecolada.
Um segundo método de ligação do corpo tubular 1 é ilustrado nafigura 3. Esse método consiste em soldar ponta a ponta as extremidades dolaminado 2 e em reforçar a zona de soldadura 5 por intermédio de uma cinta6 fixada sobre a superfície interna da embalagem. A cinta 6 é soldada sobrea camada 4. De preferência, a cinta 6 comporta uma camada de poliolefinade mesma natureza que a camada 3. De preferência, a cinta 6 comportatambém uma camada de polímero biorientada presa entre duas camadas-soldantes. As camadas soldantes do laminado são geralmente à base depoliolefinas (polietileno, polipropileno). A soldagem ponta a ponta coloca emcontato uma quantidade muito pequena de matéria, o que torna mais difícil aobtenção de uma ligação resistente. Foi observado que uma camada soldan-te composta de uma mistura de 80% de polietileno baixa densidade linear ede 20% de polietileno baixa densidade radicalar permitia obter uma soldadu-ra resistente.As camadas funcionais são à base de uma grande diversidadeda resina, cuja escolha depende das propriedades buscadas (por exemplo:PET, PA, PS, EVOH, PVDC). As principais camadas funcionais utilizadasatualmente são camadas mono ou biorientadas (PP, PET, PA, PS); as pelí-cuias com propriedades barreira (PET com depósito de um coating SiOx,PVDC, EVOH, PA). Uma camada funcional pode também ser em alumínioou em papel.
Para fornecer propriedades barreiras, o laminado pode incluiruma camada de alumínio, uma camada de PET ou OPP barreira (com reves-timento PVOH, PVDC, SiOx, AIOx, metalização), uma camada co-extrudadacom barreira tipo EVOH ou PVOH.
A invenção permite obter embalagens com uma variação de es-pessura desprezível no nível da zona soldada e tendo uma resistência dazona soldada equivalente à resistência do laminado. As embalagens obtidaspodem ser impressas sobre toda a sua superfície sem ruptura da impressãona zona soldada.
As estruturas de tubo descritas anteriormente são particularmen-te vantajosas, porque permitem confeccionar embalagens que têm proprie-dades estéticas melhoradas, a melhoria da estética da embalagem sendoligada à presença da camada funcional 3 na superfície da embalagem, devi-do ao fato da zona de soldadura ser pouco visível e a parede da embalagemapresentar uma superespessura desprezível no nível da zona soldada.
A invenção-permite-realizar embalagens econômicas, de espes-sura estreita e de grande resistência. Os tubos descritos na invenção podemresultar da ligação de películas plásticas multicamadas, mas também de pe-lículas que compreendem camadas de alumínio, camadas de papel ou depapelão.
A espessura da cinta é estreita, diante da espessura do lamina-do. Em geral, a espessura da cinta é 3 a 10 vezes mais estreita do que aespessura do laminado. A espessura dessa cinta está preferencialmentecompreendida entre 10 e 60 mícrons. A cinta pode ser impressa ou transpa-rente; ela pode ser colada ou soldada sobre a superfície do laminado; elapode conter uma camada barreira, a fim de melhorar as propriedades barrei-ra da ligação. A cinta pode ser aplicada antes da soldagem ou após a solda-gem ponta a ponta do laminado. A cinta pode ser uma cinta adesiva, cujaaplicação é feita à temperatura ambiente, a cinta pode ser colada por acrés-cimo de cola na interface entre o laminado e essa cinta, a cinta pode ser co-lada aquecendo-se essa cinta, a cinta pode ser soldada. A força de adesãode cinta sobre a superfície do laminado é um fator determinante da resistên-cia da ligação. Uma força de adesão muito fraca leva a riscos de ruptura daligação, quando a embalagem é solicitada em pressão, em tração, na dobra,em choque, ou em fadiga. Também, é desejado obter uma forte adesão en-tre a cinta e o laminado, de modo que essa cinta não possa ser separadadesse laminado.
A cinta pode ser soldada ou colada sobre a superfície do lami-nado. Na superfície superior da ligação que forma a superfície externa daembalagem, é freqüentemente favorável colar a cinta sobre o laminado. Nu-merosas colas e métodos de colagens podem ser consideradas. A título deexemplo, um primeiro método consiste em levar uma cinta sobre a qual acola foi previamente aplicada. Uma primeira variante desse método é a cintaadesiva aplicável à temperatura ambiente, uma segunda variante é uma cin-ta adesiva que se cola, aquecendo-se. A utilização de uma cinta adesivaleva a um processo fácil de controlar e facilmente industrializável. Um outrométodo consiste em aplicar a cola sobre a cinta ou sobre o laminado, nomomento da ligaçãor A utilização de colas reagentes com dois componentespermite obter fortes níveis de adesão. Geralmente, a operação de colagemnão necessita de tratamento particular da superfície da zona ligada, todavia,sendo possível fazer tratamentos de superfície, antes da colagem (tratamen-to corona, por exemplo).
Em função do modo de aplicação e das propriedades a fornecerserão encontrados diferentes tipos de cintas.
1 - A cinta é soldada: ela comporta uma camada de PET soldante(co-extrudado, amorfo, revestido), OPP co-extrudado, PE, PP ou verniz ter-mo-selante, por exemplo.2- A cinta é colada e é revestida de cola. Sua única particulari-dade é de ter uma camada de cola na superfície, independentemente de umadesivo utilizável a quente ou a frio. O adesivo pode ser depositado em linhaou presente sobre a cinta. A cinta é, então, estocada sob a forma de bobi-nas, a cola sendo, então, protegida por um papel ou película siliconada. Osilicone pode, eventualmente, ser depositado diretamente sobre a superfícieexterna da cinta e permitir assim evitar a proteção siliconada a eliminar nomomento da colocação da cinta.
Qualquer tipo de material é utilizável para essa cinta, e, em par-ticular, os materiais descritos nos pontos 1 e 2 aos quais se podem acres-centar o papel, o alumínio. A definição da cinta será, então, orientada pelaspropriedades que se busca em termos de barreira, resistência mecânica,aspecto.
3- A cinta é colada, mas não é ela própria revestida com cola. Acola pode ser depositada sobre a película 2 ou ser depositada em linha. Os
materiais utilizáveis são os mesmos que para o ponto 3 acima.
Para fornecer propriedades barreiras, a cinta pode incluir umacamada de alumínio, uma camada de PET ou OPP barreira (com revesti-mento PVOH, PVDC, SiOx, AIOx, metalização, ou qualquer outra películadisponível no mercado), uma camada co-extrudada com barreira tipo EVOH.
De uma forma geral e para assegurar uma continuidade daspropriedades do produto, a cinta de reforço pode incluir as mesmas cama-das funcionais que as películas 2-utilizadas para a-embalagem, isto é, PET,OPPrOPA, PET barreira,-PET metalizado, OPP barreira, OPP metalizado,alumínio, papel, PE, PP ...
A invenção é particularmente vantajosa para confeccionar tubosflexíveis para produtos cosméticos, farmacêuticos ou alimentícios.
Exemplos da estrutura do tubo
Exemplo 1:
Laminado: BOPET/PEBDL
Camada 3: BOPET Espessura 12mícrons
Camada 4: PEBDL Espessura 180mícronsCinta colada sobre a camada 3: BOPET/colaBOPET Espessura 20 mícronsCola: Bostikvitel 1912
Exemplo 2:
Laminado: BOPP PVOH/PECamada 3: BOPP PVOH Espessura 30 mícronsCamada 4: PE Espessura 200 mícronsCinta colada sobre a camada 3: BOPP/colaBOPP Espessura 40 mícronsCola: Bostik TLH 2013
Exemplo 3:
Laminado: BOPP/PEBDL
Camada 3: BOPP Espessura 20 mícrons
Camada 4: PEBDL Espessura 180 mícrons
Cinta colada sobre a camada 4: PEBDL/BOPET/PEBDL
PEBDL Espessura 20 mícrons
BOPET Espessura 12 mícrons
PEBDL Espessura 20 mícrons
Outros exemplos da lâmina:Laminado: PA/PEBD
Camada 3: PA Espessura 40 mícrons
Camada 4: PEBD Espessura 200 mícrons
Laminado: PP/PE
Camada 3: PP Espessura 80 mícrons
Camada 4: PE Espessura 140 mícrons
Laminado: Kraft alu/PECamada 3: Kraft alu/espessura 30 mícronsCamada 4: PE Espessura 180 mícrons
Laminado: BOPET/PEBDL EVOHCamada 3: BOPET Espessura 12 mícrons
Camada 4: PEBD EVOH PEBDL Espessura 180 mícrons

Claims (9)

1. Tubo flexível para embalagem formado de um laminado quecompreende pelo menos uma primeira camada não metálica e uma segundacamada não metálica, caracterizado pelo fato de que a primeira camada éformada de um material, cujas propriedades tornam possível a soldagem daprimeira camada sobre ela própria e pelo fato de que a segunda camada éformada de um material, cujas propriedades tornam impossível a soldagemda segunda camada sobre a primeira camada; a primeira e a segunda ca-mada formando, respectivamente, as camadas da superfície interna e exter-na do tubo.
2. Tubo flexível, de acordo com a reivindicação 1, sendo consti-tuído pela primeira e pela segunda camadas.
3. Tubo flexível, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações-1 ou 2, no qual a primeira camada é constituída de poliolefina.
4. Tubo flexível, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações-1 a 3, no qual a segunda camada é constituída de um polímero biorientado.
5. Tubo flexível, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações-1 a 4, no qual a segunda camada é constituída de um material, cujas propri-edades tornam possível a soldagem pelo menos parcial da segunda camadasobre ela mesma.
6. Tubo flexível, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações-1 a 5, no qual as extremidades são soldadas ponta a ponta.
7. Tuboflexível, de acordo com qualquer uma das reivindicações-1 a 6, compreendendo uma cinta fixada sobre o tubo e recobrindo suas ex-tremidades.
8. Tubo, de acordo com a reivindicação 7, no qual a cinta é fixa-da sobre a superfície externa do tubo.
9. Tubo, de acordo com a reivindicação 7, no qual a cinta é fixa-da sobre a superfície interna do tubo.
BRPI0710301-8A 2006-04-06 2007-04-06 Estrutura multicamada flexível para tubos BRPI0710301B1 (pt)

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IB2006051052 2006-04-06
IBPCT/IB2006/051052 2006-04-06
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EP06118170A EP1884348A1 (fr) 2006-07-31 2006-07-31 Emballage soudé - collé
EP06118170.7 2006-07-31
EP06118199A EP1884349A1 (fr) 2006-07-31 2006-07-31 Emballage formé d'un film à plusieurs couches soudé bout à bout
IBPCT/IB2006/054420 2006-11-24
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PCT/IB2007/051248 WO2007113781A2 (fr) 2006-04-06 2007-04-06 Structure multicouche flexible pour tubes

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US20090176044A1 (en) 2009-07-09

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