BRPI0804542A2 - recycled water hydroelectric plant - Google Patents

Abstract

Patent for electric power generation through the use of recycled water in vertical hydroelectric power plants, ie, with overlapping stages of water fall where it will be repressed by hydraulic pumps (5 and 7) fig 1 and 2 respectively, and water mains (6 for fig. 1 and 8 for fig.2) at the projected heights according to the needs of each project. In the drawings of Figs 1 and 2, the heights considered were 70 meters and 105 meters respectively, using two hydraulic turbines in Fig. 1 (1 and 2) and three turbines in fig. 2 (1,2 and 3) and two power generators in fig. 1 (3 and 4) and in fig. 2, three generators (4, 5 and 6) and a reservoir / water tank (12 and 13) corresponding to fig. 1 and 2. Breaking the paradigm is feasible. The strategic security of a country is its energy independence, within the precepts of socio-environmental responsibility.

Description

"RECYCLED WATER HYDROELECTRIC PLANT"

The present invention has as its objective a hydroelectric power generation project using recycled water, meeting the growing demand for electric power in the world, which energy is clean, renewable and infinite, in accordance with the environmental responsibility.

The fundamental design is to use two or more waterfalls, two or more overlapping stages of height, two or more hydraulic turbines, two or more power generators, downpipe (adduct), downstream adduct. , booster pumps and a water box / reservoir.

The construction of conventional hydroelectric plants, in addition to requiring very high investments, has a great socio-environmental impact, that is, on fauna, flora and communities, submerging large areas of land that could have sustainable exploitation or sources of biodiversity, as well as requiring construction in distant places. consumption, with high investments in transmission.

The project, object of the present invention patent, which uses recycled water hydroelectric plants, allows its installation in all existing points of the planet, even where there is no water, transporting the necessary water there.

Another possibility of the installation of such a plant would be near an existing lake, or flowing river, making the construction of the water box / reservoir unnecessary, and the disadvantages may be the quality and purity of the water, where it would require a cleaning system and the oscillations of the water. high water level, especially of rivers.

The accompanying drawings, through figures 1 and 2, object of the present patent, show the descriptions of two hypothetical examples, without scale.

Fig. 1 illustrates a power plant with two overlapping stages, with a floor space of 5 meters (0-5) being reserved for the installation of the 2nd turbine, of 5-35 meters (30 meters free) for water fall of the 2nd turbine, constituting a first column of 35 meters in total height; 35-40 meters, space for the installation of the 1st turbine; 40-70 meters (30 meters free) to the 1st turbine waterfall, constituting a second column of 35 meters. The sum of the two columnar totals 70 meters in height. Between the first and the second column, these columns through which water will pass, which we may call pipes or mains, there will be a sufficient distance to be interconnected by concrete or metallic water mains that allows the construction of two drawer registers, one for diversion of water that would go to the 2nd turbine, directing the water to the box / reservoir and the other to interrupt the water access to the 2nd turbine. The water box / reservoir and hydraulic pumps will be installed as close as possible to the 2nd turbine water discharge (discharge) outlet, reducing the length of the downstream water mains that will raise the water from the box / water tank to the receiving pipe bit. from the 1st turbine. The two electric generators will be next to the two turbines. There will be twelve drawer registers in the six discharge mains, allowing the elevation of water to the 1st or 2nd turbine. Summing up:

- number of turbines equal to two: 1st turbine (1), 2nd turbine (2);

- electric generators equal to two: 1st generator (3), 2nd generator (4);

- hydraulic booster pumps equal to six (5);

- metallic water mains of six (6);

- diameter of the downstream mains 40 cm;

- turbine water inlet pipe diameter equal to 1 meter;

- drawer records equal to fourteen (7);

- final discharge mains equal to one (8);

- intermediate adductor of the two columns equal to one (9);

- total plant height equal to 70 meters, being 10 meters for the installation of the two turbines and 60 meters of waterfalls. - the second turbine column will have a total of 35 meters (10);

- the 1st turbine column will have a total of 35 meters (11);

- water box / reservoir equal to one (12);

- approximate volume of water in the circuit equal to 150 m;

- approximate total volume of water in the water tank / reservoir equal to 250 m3;

- approximate size of box / water reservoir equal to 5 meters deep / 5 meters wide / 10 meters long;

- approximate depth of suction pipe equal to 4 meters;

- After the hydraulic pumps are turned on, approximately 100 m3 of water will be left in the water tank / reservoir.

- The size and calculation of the reinforced concrete structure that will support the water columns, turbines, generators, etc. shall be made according to the project specifications.

As it can be seen, these turbines would work concomitantly or individually, in case of maintenance of one or the other, the system would allow the non-interruption of the water pressure and the circuit supply, avoiding a new start. This model of plant would be more appropriate for regions that do not have public energy networks to start, again avoiding the hiring of generator sets. It is important to stress that the ideal design should contemplate that the individual power generation of each turbine is sufficient to support the expenditure of the sum of the hydraulic pump energies, so that the system is not interrupted.

Fig. 2 illustrates a recycled water hydroelectric power plant, object of the present patent, consisting of three overlapping stages, each stage of 35 meters, totaling 105 meters, in a single column of 1 meter in diameter, using three hydraulic turbines, three power generators, six hydraulic pumps, six 40 cm diameter metallic water mains, one 250 m water box / reservoir, one discharge turbine (tube) after the third turbine, going to the water box / reservoir, To summarize:

- number of turbines equal to three: 1st turbine (1), 2nd turbine (2), 3 turbine (3);

- electric generators equal to three: 1st generator (4), 2nd generator (5), 3 generator (6);

- hydraulic booster pumps of six (7);

- metallic water mains of six (8);

- diameter of the downstream mains 40 cm;

- turbine water inlet pipe diameter equal to 1 meter;

- final discharge mains equal to one (9) - total plant height equal to 105 meters, being 15 meters for the installation of the three turbines and 90 meters of waterfalls.

- the column equivalent to the first stage of the 3rd turbine will have a total of 35 meters, with 5 meters reserved for the installation of the turbine itself and 30 meters for free water fall (10);

- the 2nd turbine column will have a total of 35 meters, 5 meters being reserved for the installation of the turbine and 30 meters of free water (11);

- the 1st turbine column will have a total of 35 meters, with 5 meters reserved for the turbine installation and 30 meters of free water (12);

- water box / reservoir equal to one (13);

- approximate volume of water in the circuit equal to 150 m;

- approximate total volume of water in the water tank / reservoir equal to 250 m3;

- approximate size of box / water reservoir equal to 5 meters deep / 5 meters wide / 10 meters long;

- approximate depth of suction pipe equal to 4 meters;

- After the hydraulic pumps are turned on, there will be approximately 100mJ of water left in the water box / reservoir. - The size and calculation of the reinforced concrete structure that will support the water column, turbines, generators, etc. must be made according to the project specifications.

As illustrated in figures 1 and 2, the heights of the waterfalls, number of turbines, diameter and number of water mains, diameter of pipes, water mains or access column of turbines, number of power generators, diameter of discharge pipes or Hydraulic pumps, number of hydraulic pumps, drawer registers, box / reservoir / water dimension, their powers, etc. are all conditioned to the project specifications, making them compatible for perfect timing.

Turbine installation heights may have the same or different waterfalls.

Start-up of water discharge and turbine operation may be done by the public power grid or by generator sets. The calculation of the volume of water required for the sizing of the water boxes / reservoir takes into account the quirculating water in the circuit plus a larger volume to facilitate suction and the entry of water from the discharge pipe. It must have a box / reservoir of water breakers and its depth must be sufficient to meet the volume that will be used in the circuit after the starf * and with plenty to not expose the suction tube to water.

The number of hydraulic pumps and the diameter of the suction / discharge mains shall be conditioned to the turbine water inlet pipe. More, instead of just one, hydraulic and mains pumps will facilitate start-up as well as maintenance by placing one or two spare pumps or spare parts.

The model of the turbines and their shape will depend on each project. It is important to remember that in the first turbine, as water is repressed, even if directly discharged into the turbine or turbine inlet pipe, it will have a pressure.

The construction of the plants can be masonry (reinforced concrete), metal or combined use of two.

In Figure 2, for example, in the last 30 meters of free water fall above the 1st turbine, it was designed as the column or pipe of the turbine water inlet, but the actual metal pipe in which the it would make a curve at the height of 105 meters towards the turbine mouth, reducing in this case the construction of 30 meters of masonry. As can be seen, there are infinite possibilities of combinations and use according to each project.

In order to place the turbines, generators and accessories at heights, one could use crane trucks, special lifts, movable and detachable metal platform with 45 ° inclination travel rails and winch at its highest end, etc. The likelihood would be for these places to be very high, rather than melting the turbine into one piece, merging, for example, four equal parts and being fixed to one another in place by special bolts or special welds, as would the power generators that can be mounted on site.

Using the example of fig. 2 Several adjacent plants could be built next to each other, and if one were to be maintained where there was no public power grid, the others would supply enough power to restart it.

Claims (9)

1. "POWER PLANT Hydroelectric IN RECYCLED WATER "comprised of a water tank / reservoir (12 and 13), respectively of Figs. 1 and 2, where hydraulic pumps (5 and 7) of FIGS. 1 and 2, and downstream mains (6 and 8) of FIGS. 1 and 25 whose waters will enter the column pipes with water rising to the 1st turbine (35-40 meters high) (1), and water to the 2nd turbine (0-5 meters high) (2), corresponding to fig. The 1st turbine, which is installed at a height of 70-75 meters (1), the 2nd turbine at a height of 35-40 meters (2) and the 3rd turbine at a height of 0-5 meters (3), as shown in fig. 2 and electric generators (3 and 4) according to fig. 1 and (4,5,6) corresponding to fig. 2 of a final discharge duct (8) on FIG. 1 and (9) in fig. 2, drawer registers (7) in FIG. 1, constituting this whole set in a 70-meter-high (Fig. 1) and 105-meter-high (Fig. 2) machine, characterized by generating clean, renewable and infinite electric energy with recycled water, using vertical stages or overlap, where they can also be designed in varying heights, dimensions and powers, as well as various construction material according to project specifications.