BRPI0804704A2 - granulated and encapsulated fertilizer manufacturing process - Google Patents

Abstract

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF GRANULATED AND ENCAPSULATED FERTILIZERS. The present invention relates to the process of manufacturing granulated and encapsulated fertilizers, comprising a sequence of operations that allow the manufacture of granules (1) of fertilizers (1.1) encapsulated by drying coatings (1.2) without drying. dryers.

Description

"PROCESS FOR MAKING GRANULATED AND ENCAPSULATED FERTILIZERS".

The present invention relates to "DEENGRATED PROCESS OF GRANULATED AND ENCAPSULATED FERTILIZERS", comprising a sequence of operations that allow the manufacture of encapsulated fertilizer granules by drying coatings, drying without the need for dryers.

The state of the art has liquid or powdered or granulated fertilizers in this area, but without encapsulation.

The drying process is defined by the state of the art of heating demand and consequently high energy costs. Because there is heating, consequently there is a need for chiller, making the process more expensive, having seen the high cost of this set of equipment for heating and cooling.

The state of the art does not provide a solution that produces cold drying.

The state of the art also features semipermeable membrane coated fertilizers, called "slowrelease", but this coating has no fertilizing effect.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the following is a detailed description of the invention "DEFABRICATION PROCESS OF EENCAPSULULATED GRANULATED FERTILIZERS", with reference to the accompanying drawings, as follows:

- Figure 1 showing the schematic drawing of the invention "Process of Manufacturing of Greased and Encapsulated Fertilizers".

Figure 2 shows of the invention "PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING GRANULATED AND ENCAPSULATED FERTILIZERS", the schematic drawing of a granule (1).

According to Figures 1 and 2, the present invention, known as the "Process of Manufacturing Granulated and Encapsulated Fertilizers", has as its final product a granule (1).

In the invention "PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING GRANULATED AND ENCAPSULATED DEFERTILIZERS", a sequence of operations consisting of granularfertilizers (1.1.1) with animal, and / or vegetable, and / or synthetic glues and also by encapsulation is described. or coating (1.2) with drying products, taking advantage of its principles of hydration and / or crystallization and chemical reaction, drying without the need for dryers.

The fertilizers (1.1.1) to be coated may be of various natures such as organic, mineral, chemical and organo-mineral.

Organic fertilizers are those derived from organic materials such as peat, manure, organic sludge and vegetable debris.

Mineral fertilizers are those obtained from mines, processing ground rocks such as silicates, phosphates, carbonates. Chemical fertilizers are those made up of chemical components obtained by manufacturing processes such as sulphates, nitrates, chlorides, phosphate plaster, urea, oxides and hydroxides. Finally, organo-minerals are the fertilizers composed by the mixture in the most diverse dosages of the three types described above.

In the invention "GRANULATED AND ENCAPSULATED DEFERTILIZING PROCESS", the coatings (1.2) used to encapsulate the deferring granules are of the following nature:

(a) mainly phosphate-based cement of calcium tipophosphate, potassium phosphate, desylate phosphate and magnesium phosphate.

(b) Portland, pozzolanic, and Sorel cements;

(c) plaster or virgin lime;

d) sulfur;

e) Magnesite;

f) Sulfates

g) nitrates;

h) Chlorides;

(i) silicates;

j) carbonates;

k) Starches;

I) vegetable fibers;

m) salts;

n) sugars;

o) Clays;

p) Carboxymethylcellulose, said CMC;

q) Caustic Potash.

Magnesium phosphate cement, referred to as MAP, acronym for Magnesium Phosphate Cement's lingual tongue, is obtained from the reaction between magnesium oxide and soluble phosphate, as well as ammonic monobasic phosphate (NH4H2PO4), as well as mono- or dibasic salt; or a fertilizer solution known as 10-34-0 (NPK designation) may also be used.

These magnesian cements have a fast drying and fast pressure resistance range, reaching the order of 2,900PSI in one hour of cure and 8,000PSI in total cure.

The main advantage of producing coated and granulated fertilizers is that slower or faster release of the components in the soil is controlled. For example, slower release yields higher yields because rainfall does not leverage the soil and there is a longer time for soil to absorb fertilizer.

The great advantage of using magnesian cement with coating of a fertilizer granule (1) is that the coating itself is also a fertilizer because it contains phosphorus, magnesium and nitrogen supplied by ammonia.

The granule (1) produced by the invention "DEFABRICATION PROCESS OF EENCAPSULULATED GRANULATED FERTILIZERS" is very economically and ecologically clean to manufacture, as it does not require heating or burning fuels for drying.

The quality of the granule is much higher because it has higher mechanical strength, more spherical and homogeneous.

The coating itself is useful to plants, such as magnesium phosphate-based cement, providing phosphorus and magnesium, which has been well demonstrated in studies widely reported in the field of agricultural specialization. 1.1.1) and glue (1.1.2) of the types described above in a drum type, Io-propellant type granulator (IO), or turbo-type pins or blades, or in batches.

The wet fertilizer and glue granules (1.1) that come out of this first granulator are then introduced into a second granulator (11) together with one or more of the above-mentioned coating products, generating a dry, encapsulated granule (1) composed of a core. (1.1) of ecola fertilizer, with a coating (1.2).

These granules (1) are lifted by decanter conveyor (12) to sieve (13) which will separate fines for recirculation (14) and finished conveyor product (15) leading to storage.

Therefore the granules (1) are composed of defertilizing core (1.1.1) and glue (1.1.2) and externally coating (1.2).

Claims (4)

1. "Process for manufacturing granulated and encapsulated fertilizers" characterized by the fact that it uses a first granulator (10). mix fertilizer (1.1.1) and glue (1.1.2) forming wet granule (1.1) of fertilizer (1.1.1) and ecola (1.1.2), which then passes through a second granulator (11), where coating is added (1.2) forming granule (1), which is raised by the tank elevator (12) to sieve (13), which separates the fines for recirculation (14) and finished material, granules (1), directed to the conveyor (15) leading to storage area. 2. "Process of manufacturing granulated and encapsulated fertilizers" characterized by the fact that it is the core (1.1) of a granule (1) fertilizers of the organic, mineral, chemical and organo-mineral types. 3. "Process for manufacturing granulated and encapsulated fertilizers" characterized by the fact that as a coating (1.2) of a granule (1) the phosphate-based cements, such as magnesium phosphate, silica phosphate, depotassium phosphate and calcium phosphate. 4. "Process for manufacturing granulated and encapsulated fertilizers" characterized by the fact that it is variant of the coating (1.2) of a granule (1) as Portland, pozzolanic, Sorel, gypsum, virgin lime, sulfur, magnesite, sulfates, nitrates, chlorides, silicates, carbonates, starches, vegetable fibers, salts, sugars, clays, silicates, said CMC carboxymethylcellulose and caustic potash.