CA1052575A - Method and apparatus for granulating - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for granulating

Info

Publication number
CA1052575A
CA1052575A CA219,831A CA219831A CA1052575A CA 1052575 A CA1052575 A CA 1052575A CA 219831 A CA219831 A CA 219831A CA 1052575 A CA1052575 A CA 1052575A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
flow
solid particles
small solid
fluidized
melt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA219,831A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA219831S (en
Inventor
Nils Tiberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Granges Oxelosund Jarnverk AB
Original Assignee
Granges Oxelosund Jarnverk AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Granges Oxelosund Jarnverk AB filed Critical Granges Oxelosund Jarnverk AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1052575A publication Critical patent/CA1052575A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
    • C03B19/10—Forming beads
    • C03B19/1005—Forming solid beads
    • C03B19/102—Forming solid beads by blowing a gas onto a stream of molten glass or onto particulate materials, e.g. pulverising
    • C03B19/1025—Bead furnaces or burners
    • C03B19/103—Fluidised-bed furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/08—Cooling slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
    • C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
    • C21B2400/026—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag using air, inert gases or removable conductive bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/066—Receptacle features where the slag is treated
    • C21B2400/076—Fluidised bed for cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/08—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes with energy recovery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A method and an apparatus for granulating melts, in particular slag melts, using a fluidized bed, the melt being introduced into a fluidized flow which consists of relatively fine solid particles of a material the same as or different to the material to be granulated, and the flow being controlled in such a manner that the melt is divided into grains which are larger than the particles forming the fluidized flow.

Description

~05;~575 The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for granulating melts~ for example melts of metallurgical slags.
With metallurgical slags the melt is frequently introduced into a ladle which is brought to the slag dump where the slag is removed from the ladle either in the form of an already solidified block or is poured out in the liquid state and allowed to solidify on the d~mp. Frequently, the slag melts are also converted to granulate with the aid of one of the known rapid cooling methods~ for example by pouring the slag into water. The first method mentioned is very uneconomical and contaminates the environment, whereas ~ith the latter method the granulate may be used as an additive~ for exa~ple as an aggregate for concrete, which makes the method more economical.
All hitherto known methods for granulating slags have disadvantages and defects, in particular the loss of the heat content of the slag melt. In addition, dep~nding on the method employed the granulate may be used only to a more or less limited extent and then only for certain fields of application.

los~ sqs me water granu~ati-on- or slags and metal melts is in addition very difficult because of the dangers of explosion. ~or this reason, the granulation for example of steel slags in water is not employed.
In contrast, pig iron is granulated in water although large quantities of water are required and extensive safety precautions must be carefully followed.
The present invention is based on the problem of providing a method and apparatus for granulating molten material, for exa~ple slag melts, in particular however of such material which is intended to be used again as starting material for valuable industrial products.
In accordance with this invention there is provided a method of granulating melts wherein a fluid ~et of a melt to be granulated is fed from above to a substantially horizontal fluidize~ flow of small solid particles wherein the mass of small solid particles fed to the flow per unit time is one to eight times the mass of molten material supplied per unit time, and wherein the melt is collected in the flow of small solid particles and is entrained by this flow to form a fluidized bed moving substantially horizontally.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided apparatus for granulating melts including an inclined channel having means for injecting small solid particles, means for injecting the fluidizing medium into the small solid particles to produce a fluidized bed in the channel having a fluidized flow and separating means provided for separating the granulate from the small solid particles not adhering thereto.

~05~575 The small solid particles are advantageously sand (silicon oxide) although other granular ferro-alloys~ ceramic materials or special granular chemical compounds may be used.
The heat liberated in the granulation process is absorbed by the small solid particles and according to a further feature of the invention may be re~overed possibly together with the major part of the heat content of the granulate~ in particular by employing fluidized beds which are provided with heat exchangers~ for example cooling coils The si~e and form of the granulate depends partly on the nature of the melt and partly on the nature of the particulate material~ the size and temperature thereof, and on the chemical and physical properties of the medium which is used to form the flow of the particulate material. The temperature of the medium and the velocity of the small solid particles is also of significance. The heat content of the particulate material may be recovered by suitable apparatus and as already mentioned above energy may be obtained which can~ for example~ also be used to give the particulate material the velocity it must have according to the invention.
An example which can be mentioned is that in the granulation of blast furnace slag ~and free from iron has been used as particulate mat-erial.
~ The sand wasennjected with superheated steam into a castingchannel provided with means for the fluidization, in which the granulation was carried out. After screening the sand was supplied to recovery means in which the heat absorbed during the granulation process was used to form or to superheat the steam which is in turn used again in the injection or fluidizing of the sand in the casting channel.

The excess of heat obtained, which led to the formation of large quantities of steam, was used to generate electrical energy.
The granulate did not have a smooth surface. Due to the depositing of sand grains the granulate had a greatly enlarged surface, making the granulate particularly suitable as additive for concreting or as a thermal insulator and/or filler. In addition, a hollow spherical gran-ulate results similar to the so-called Leca balls. (Leca is a Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregates, see ~Leichtbetonl~ pp. 67, 68; Vol.l; 1961 VEB
Verlag fur Bauwesen, Berlin). However, in contrast to the latter the iO granulate according to the invention is not water-absorbent.

,~.

~,o5~S75 The great variety possible as regards the particulate material and the fluidizing medium which is blown into the particulate material to produce a fluidized turbulent flow of particles is so great with the method according to the invention that it is not possible to mention all the possibilities within the scope of this description. Generally, the method according to the present invention may be used wherever melts are to be granulated with the aid of a flow of particulate material which is fluidized by means of a gaseous or liquid medium of whatever type.
It is known that in the production of for example ferro-chromium the melt is poured into a bed in which it can solidify to form a cohesive cake. Great differences in concentration form over the cross-section of said ferro-chromium cake, particularly as regards the silicon content. When converting molten ferro-chromium to granulate according to the present in-vention, ferro-chromium in sand form is advantageously used as granulating material, i.e. as particulate material for the fluidized flow. Because of the short solidifying times and the extremely short time which is available for diffusion processes the ferro-chromium granulate becomes more uniform in its chemical composition, this applying to each particle in itself and to the particles compared with each other. At the same time, a major part of the fine ferro-chromium sand remains a&ering to the granulate and con-sequently the expensive remelting of this fine ferro-chromium sand otherwise required is not necessary. Once again, the heat transferred to the fine-grained ferro-chromium may be utilized to produce for example superheated steam which is in turn used to fluidize the ferro-chromium particles as is required to carry out the method according to the present invention. It is fu~thcr known that in the production of ferro-titanium great differences of concentration (in particular in the production of ferro-titanium with the aid of aluminothermal processes) over the cross-section of the solidified ~05Z575 block occur. If however the method according to the present invention is used and the molten ferro-titanium granulated in a flow of fine-grain ferro-titanium particles, a granulate is obtained which exhibits practically no differences in concentration over its cross-section and thus has a degree of homogeneity not hitherto achieved. Of course, in this specific case a carrier medium may be used which excludes any danger of oxidation of tit-aniumO For this purpose protective gases, for example argon~ may be added to the fluidized flowO
The method according to the present invention will be explained in detail hereinafter with the aid of the accompanying schematic drawing.
Fine-grain material as required to form the particle flow is introduced through the conduit 1 into a container 2 with level control and conducted therein to a device 3 by means of which the material is injected into a channel 4 in which the particle flow is formed in a controlled manner The melt to be granuIated is poured from a container 5 into said channel 4 a fluidizing medium being introduced at 9 as indicated schematically. The pouring height i.e. the drop of the slag jet, should be at least 20 cm. The granulate formed and the excess of fine-grain material forming the stream flows from the channel 4 onto a screen 6 on which the granulate, which forms in large grains, is carried away to a product outlet 70 The excess of the particle flow consisting of fine-grain material drops through the screen 6 into a collecting chamber and there forms a fluidized bed 8, a fluidizing medium being blown into the collecting chamber from below as indicated by the arrow led downwardly from 90 Installed in the fluidized bed 8 is a thermostat-controlled cooling coil 11 to recover the heat transmitted from the melt to the particle flow consisting of fine-grain materialO Said fine~
grain material is then returned via a return line 10 to thecont~ner~2.Since the cooling coil 11 arranged in the bed 8 contains water it is possible in ~os'~5qS

this manner to produce steam which can be used as fluidizing medium and is blown from 9 into the channel 4 and into the bed 8. Another method of cooling the bed material is to provide a large quantity thereof and to use the heated bed material directly as heating medium for industrial processes.
In all cases, the degree of cooling of the bed material may be controlled by a thermostat control. The separation of the fine-grain bed material from the granulate formed may also be carried out according to the invention after the heat recovery, as a consequence of which a significantly greater part of the heat content in the granulate is recovered.
The granulation carried out according to the present invention results in a great number of advantages over water or air granulation. New products with valuable properties may be made. For example, a granulate having a rough surface can be obtained, thus achieving high friction. The granulate can also expand, which is achieved by the gas which is always present in the slag. These product properties are achieved by controlling the slag stream and in particular the pressure in the fluidized bed. Other surface effects may for example be achieved by admixing readily-melting products into the fluidized bed. The composition of the product may be con-trolled by the selection of the material in the fluidized bed, for example sand, limestone, or other materials.
The channel 4 preferably has an inclination between 6 and 20 .
An inclination of 10 to 15 ~ especially 12~ has been found to be particul-arly advantageous. It is generally sufficient for the channel 4 to have a length between about 2 to about 5 m. The supply of the fine-grain particles to the fluidized bed or to the channel 4 may be effected by means of a chute which~in this case serves as accelerating means 3 and to which the fine-grain particles are supplied in proportioned manner from the metering vessel 2.
The return line 10 may for example be pneumatic. However, as return line 10 1.0~'~575 a bucket conveyor ma~ for example also be used~ which returns the sand from the fluidized bed 8 to the metering~vessel 2. Compressed air may advan-tageously be used as fluidizing medium.
In a test apparatus a channel 4 was used which was about 2 m long and about 10 m wide and had an inclination of 12. Said channel 4 was supplied from a metering vessel 2 via a chute about 1.5 m in height with approximately 400 kg of sand per minute. The glass sand used hàd a grain size between 0.5 and 1 mm. As fluidizing medium compressed air in an amount of 0.5 normal cubic metres per minute was supplied. The mean sand velocity of the fluidized bed obtained in the channel was about o.8 m per second.
The bed was about 6 to 8 cm high and had an average density of about 1 g/cm3.
To the bed normal blast furnace slag was supplied which Was heated to about 1280 - 1300 by means of oil burners which were immersed preferably from above about 10 cm deep into the slag melt present in the container 5.
The container 5 was constructed as tilting furnace and tilted at a predetermined programmed tilting rate, so that the discharging amount of slag was exactly constant at about 80 kg per minute pDured in a liquid slag jet of about 4 to 5 cm width and about 1 to 2 cm thick onto the fluidized bed of the channel 4. The pouring height, i.e. the drop of the slag jet, was made about 40 cm. A granulate of separated grains having a diameter between 4 mm and 25 mm and a specific bulk weight between 0.4 and 0.5 formed from the slag. The granulate obtained represented a substantially hollow spherical product, similar to the so-called Leca balls, one or more cavities having been formed inside the spherical grains on the sudden cooling of the slag in the fluidized sand bed and the resulting spontaneous liberation of the gases dissolved in the slag. These gases are introduced into the slag particularly by the oil burners which are used to heat the slag melt in the container 5 and to which a mixture of oil and oxygen is supplied.

~(~5Z575 The size of the grains obtained depends substantially on the sur-face tension and pouring height of the slag melt and the velocity and den-sity of the fluidized bed. If the pouring height is too small complete division of the slag melt into separate grains or balls does not take place and grains which are sintered together to a varying degree are obtained.
It has been found particularly advantageous to impart to the fluidized bed in the channel 4 a velocity between 0.2 and 2 m per second along the channel, preferably between 005 and 105 m per secondO The density of the fluidized bed depends in particular on the specific weight and the mean size of the fine-grain particles and is preferably selected to be be-tween 0.7 and 105 g/cm3 in particular between o.8 and 1.2 g/cm3.

Claims (18)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of granulating melts wherein a fluid jet of a melt to be granulated is fed from above to a substantially horizontal fluidized flow of small solid particles wherein the mass of small solid particles fed to the flow per unit time is one to eight times the mass of molten material supplied per unit time, and wherein the melt is collected in the flow of small solid particles and is entrained by this flow to form a fluidized bed moving substantially horizontally.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said small solid particles have an average horizontal velocity in the range of 0.2 to 2 m/s.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the average horizontal velocity of the small solid particles is approximately 0.7 m/s.
4. A method of granulating melts according to claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein medium fluidizing the substantially horizontal flow of small solid particles is introduced thereto from below.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein heat is transferred from the melt to the small solid particles of the fluidized flow and is used, at least in part, to supply the energy necessary to maintain fluidization of the small solid particle flow.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the small solid particles forming the fluidized flow are collected after passing from the flow and are returned to the flow as part of the mass of small solid particles fed to the flow.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein said molten material has gas entrapped therein, part of the gas in the molten material remains entrapped by the material when the material is cooled in the fluidized flow and a granulate with a hollow interior is obtained.
8. A method according to claim 2 wherein the fluidizing medium comprises steam.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein protective gases, are added to the fluidized flow.
10. A method according to claim 9 wherein argon is added to the fluidized flow.
11. A method according to claim 2 wherein the drop or pouring height of the melt is at least 20 cm.
12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the pouring height is equal to or greater than 40 cm.
13. Apparatus for granulating melts including an inclined channel having means for injecting small solid particles, means for injecting the fluidizing medium into the small solid particles to produce a fluidized bed in the channel having a fluidized flow and separating means provided for separating the granulate from the small solid particles not adhering thereto.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the separating means has a collecting chamber for the small solid particles the collecting chamber being provided with means for supplying a fluidizing medium so as to produce in the collecting chamber a fluidized bed, the collecting chamber being further provided with a heat exchanger enabling at least part of the heat transferred to the small solid particles to be recovered.
15. Apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the channel is inclined at an angle in the range of 6° to 20°.
16. Apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the channel is inclined at an angle in the range 10° to 15°.
17. A method according to any one of claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the average density of the fluidized bed is in the range of 0.7 and 1.5 grams/
cubic centimeter.
18. A method according to any one of claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the average density of the fluidized bed is in the range 0.8 to 1.2 g/cm3.
CA219,831A 1974-02-12 1975-02-11 Method and apparatus for granulating Expired CA1052575A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7401822A SE392223B (en) 1974-02-12 1974-02-12 PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR FINE DISTRIBUTION OF MATERIALS IN MELT LIQUID CONDITIONS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1052575A true CA1052575A (en) 1979-04-17

Family

ID=20320179

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA219,831A Expired CA1052575A (en) 1974-02-12 1975-02-11 Method and apparatus for granulating

Country Status (7)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS54231B2 (en)
BE (1) BE825403A (en)
CA (1) CA1052575A (en)
DE (2) DE2504813C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2260376B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1503562A (en)
SE (1) SE392223B (en)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5358527A (en) * 1976-11-06 1978-05-26 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Apparatus for granulation of slag
DE2740097A1 (en) * 1977-09-06 1979-03-08 Graenges Oxeloesunds Jaernverk GRANULAR AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GRANULATING MELT
JPS5821533Y2 (en) * 1978-03-14 1983-05-07 株式会社クボタ waste treatment equipment
FR2519420B2 (en) * 1981-06-05 1986-05-23 Clesid Sa DEVICE FOR RECOVERING THE ENERGY CONTAINED IN THE FORM OF HEAT IN DAIRIES
FR2507207B1 (en) * 1981-06-05 1985-08-16 Clesid Sa DEVICE FOR RECOVERING THE ENERGY CONTAINED IN THE FORM OF HEAT IN DAIRIES
JPS5980087U (en) * 1982-11-22 1984-05-30 布田　芳裕 Fully open aluminum sash sliding door
EP0162182A1 (en) * 1982-12-08 1985-11-27 AB Svensk Alunskifferutveckling A method and an apparatus for subdivision of and heat recovery from a liquid slag
DE4021329A1 (en) * 1990-07-03 1992-01-16 Kuettner Gmbh & Co Kg Dr METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREPARING HOT, LIQUID SLAG
FR2702677B1 (en) * 1993-03-17 1995-06-09 Guyon Jean Claude WET GRANULATION PLANT.
FR2721231B1 (en) * 1994-06-21 1996-09-06 Wheelabrator Allevard Method for atomizing a dispersible liquid material.
WO1997009145A1 (en) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-13 Mintek The production of metal lumps
WO2000047779A1 (en) * 1999-02-09 2000-08-17 Kuemmel Joachim Method for withdrawing slag from a combustion chamber and device for carrying out said method
RU2232628C1 (en) * 2003-04-23 2004-07-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Лаборатория РМ НПО СОКБА Method of granulation of liquid material and device for realization of this method
LU91730B1 (en) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-14 Wurth Paul Sa Dry granulation of metallurgical slag
CN107838429B (en) * 2017-10-17 2021-06-04 广西金川有色金属有限公司 A high-efficiency high-temperature melt granulation device
CN110935884A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-03-31 安徽哈特三维科技有限公司 High-purity spherical metal powder pulverizing device with observation and treatment mechanism
CN113117678A (en) * 2021-04-07 2021-07-16 青岛理工大学 Metallurgical slag granulation-catalyst preparation and modification integrated device system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE7401822L (en) 1975-08-13
DE2504813A1 (en) 1975-12-04
GB1503562A (en) 1978-03-15
DE2504813C3 (en) 1978-08-10
SE392223B (en) 1977-03-21
DE2504813B2 (en) 1977-12-15
JPS54231B2 (en) 1979-01-08
FR2260376A1 (en) 1975-09-05
DE7503462U (en) 1979-01-18
JPS50123576A (en) 1975-09-29
FR2260376B1 (en) 1979-06-08
BE825403A (en) 1975-05-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2234223C (en) Quenching fused materials
US4359434A (en) Process for granulating molten material
CA2079202A1 (en) A method and apparatus for treating gases and perticulate solide in a fluid bed
DE2504813C3 (en) Method and device for granulating melts
US6251158B1 (en) Production of granules of reactive metals, for example magnesium and magnesium alloy
JP3451872B2 (en) Production method of soluble potassium fertilizer
SU1479006A3 (en) Method of producing molten iron or steel products and reducing gas in melting gasifier
US3979168A (en) Apparatus for the manufacture of light granulates
CA1105295A (en) Nickel and cobalt irregularly shaped granulates
JPH04263003A (en) Method for operating blast furnace
US2540593A (en) Method of melting reduced metal dust
US2590901A (en) Production of lightweight aggregate from molten slag
US5549732A (en) Production of granules of reactive metals, for example magnesium and magnesium alloy
JPH1157451A (en) Method and apparatus for producing inorganic spherical particles
KR100466631B1 (en) Method and apparatus for producing liquid iron or steel semi-finished products from iron-containing materials
CA2046150A1 (en) Method and device for the preparation of hot, liquid slags
GB1582322A (en) Method of granulating molten metallurgical slag
JPS5934143B2 (en) Slag cooling device
JPH0118014B2 (en)
SU713919A1 (en) Charge for iron flux production and its preparation method
RU2796237C1 (en) Reagent supply system for metal melt
US3030174A (en) Method for preparing borazoles
US3891734A (en) Process for the manufacture of light granulates
CA2202742C (en) Production of granules of reactive metals, for example magnesium and magnesium alloy
JP3140473B2 (en) Addition method of anti-fusing material for artificial lightweight aggregate