CA1073404A - Process for the production of hard foam plastics using a polyvinylchloride base - Google Patents
Process for the production of hard foam plastics using a polyvinylchloride baseInfo
- Publication number
- CA1073404A CA1073404A CA269,428A CA269428A CA1073404A CA 1073404 A CA1073404 A CA 1073404A CA 269428 A CA269428 A CA 269428A CA 1073404 A CA1073404 A CA 1073404A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- monomer
- polyvinylchloride
- mixture
- polymerizable
- hard plastic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 vinyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940063559 methacrylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical class COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940102838 methylmethacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium carbonate Chemical class N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011162 ammonium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- YJOMWQQKPKLUBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);phthalate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YJOMWQQKPKLUBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012719 thermal polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HARD PLASTIC FOAMS
USING A POLYVINYLCHLORIDE BASE
ABSTRACT
A process for the production of hard plastic foams using a polyvinylchloride base, from a mixture of polyvinylchloride, at least one temporary softener and at least one expansion agent, wherein the mixture is heated, cooled and expanded. A polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one double link-age is used as the softener. The polymerization of such monomer is carried out after complete expansion by means of ionizing rays.
USING A POLYVINYLCHLORIDE BASE
ABSTRACT
A process for the production of hard plastic foams using a polyvinylchloride base, from a mixture of polyvinylchloride, at least one temporary softener and at least one expansion agent, wherein the mixture is heated, cooled and expanded. A polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one double link-age is used as the softener. The polymerization of such monomer is carried out after complete expansion by means of ionizing rays.
Description
` 107340~
\
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a process for the production of hard plastic foams using a polyvinylchloride - base, from a mixture of polyvinylchloride, temporary softeners and foaming agents, wherein the mixture is heated, cooled and expanded.
\
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a process for the production of hard plastic foams using a polyvinylchloride - base, from a mixture of polyvinylchloride, temporary softeners and foaming agents, wherein the mixture is heated, cooled and expanded.
2. Prior Art It is known to produce hard plastic foams from polyvinylchloride. In such case, a mixture of polyvinyl-chloridè, foaming agent and solventj such as, acetone or -~
toluene, which serves as a temporary softener, is molded in compression molds or processed by extrusion or injection molding and is then expanded. After complete expansion the solvent must be removed by evaporation. Such a process-ing step is very expensivè and harmful to the environment.
It is also known to use monomers, such as, iso-cyanates, diisocyanates or methylmethacrylates, as temporary softeners. (See Benning, "Plastic Foams", Wiley-Inter-science 1969, pp. 112 and 115.) Such monomers are converted into hard polymeric products during the reacting period and/or during the expansion step, under the influence of water (in the case of isocyanate and diisocyanate) or using radical initiators (in the case of methylmethacrylates).
When methylmethacrylate is used, it is difficult to achieve good uniform and sufficient expansion, as a result of the polymerization which starts under the effect of heat. The monomer is polymerized too quickly, so the softening effect, which is needed for a good expansion, is lost too quickly.
lOq340~
BROAD DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to provide a process that elim- ! -inates the above-stated disadvantages and problems of the prior art.
Other objects and advantages of this invention are set out below or are obvious to one ordinarily skilled in the art.
The process of this invention achieves the objects and advan-tages of this invention.
This invention involves a process wherein a polymerizable mon-omer, having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double linkage,~
is used and the polymerization of such monomer is carried out by means of ionizing rays after expansion is completed. The monomer, which acts as a softener, is used effectively in a quantity between~
10 and 50 percent by weight, preferably 20 to 40 percent by weight, based on the polyvinylchloride.
Gaseous monomers, such as vinylchloride, as well as liquid moni omers (which are liquid at standard temeperature) may be used as the polymerizable monomer. Preferably a liquid monomer is used.
Such monomers are, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, low alkyl (1 to 8 carbon atoms) esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, such as, methacrylate, ethylacrylate, but~vlacrylate, methyl-methacrylate, butyl methacrylate and alkylhexylacrylate, low alkyl (1 to 8 carbon atoms) esters of maleic acid, such as, monomaleic acid and dimaleic acid-methyl-, alkyl ester, acrylonitrile, meth-acrylonitrile, acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid ester of gly-coles, such as, styrene and divinylbenzene, and allyl Gompounds such as, diallylphthala~e.
A mixture of prepolymerizate with such polymerizable monomer is also considered as a polymerizable monomer within the scope of this invention. Polyacrylic and/or polymetharcylic acid ester, ABS poly mers, polymers and mixed polymers of the above-mentioned polymeri-
toluene, which serves as a temporary softener, is molded in compression molds or processed by extrusion or injection molding and is then expanded. After complete expansion the solvent must be removed by evaporation. Such a process-ing step is very expensivè and harmful to the environment.
It is also known to use monomers, such as, iso-cyanates, diisocyanates or methylmethacrylates, as temporary softeners. (See Benning, "Plastic Foams", Wiley-Inter-science 1969, pp. 112 and 115.) Such monomers are converted into hard polymeric products during the reacting period and/or during the expansion step, under the influence of water (in the case of isocyanate and diisocyanate) or using radical initiators (in the case of methylmethacrylates).
When methylmethacrylate is used, it is difficult to achieve good uniform and sufficient expansion, as a result of the polymerization which starts under the effect of heat. The monomer is polymerized too quickly, so the softening effect, which is needed for a good expansion, is lost too quickly.
lOq340~
BROAD DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to provide a process that elim- ! -inates the above-stated disadvantages and problems of the prior art.
Other objects and advantages of this invention are set out below or are obvious to one ordinarily skilled in the art.
The process of this invention achieves the objects and advan-tages of this invention.
This invention involves a process wherein a polymerizable mon-omer, having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double linkage,~
is used and the polymerization of such monomer is carried out by means of ionizing rays after expansion is completed. The monomer, which acts as a softener, is used effectively in a quantity between~
10 and 50 percent by weight, preferably 20 to 40 percent by weight, based on the polyvinylchloride.
Gaseous monomers, such as vinylchloride, as well as liquid moni omers (which are liquid at standard temeperature) may be used as the polymerizable monomer. Preferably a liquid monomer is used.
Such monomers are, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, low alkyl (1 to 8 carbon atoms) esters of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, such as, methacrylate, ethylacrylate, but~vlacrylate, methyl-methacrylate, butyl methacrylate and alkylhexylacrylate, low alkyl (1 to 8 carbon atoms) esters of maleic acid, such as, monomaleic acid and dimaleic acid-methyl-, alkyl ester, acrylonitrile, meth-acrylonitrile, acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid ester of gly-coles, such as, styrene and divinylbenzene, and allyl Gompounds such as, diallylphthala~e.
A mixture of prepolymerizate with such polymerizable monomer is also considered as a polymerizable monomer within the scope of this invention. Polyacrylic and/or polymetharcylic acid ester, ABS poly mers, polymers and mixed polymers of the above-mentioned polymeri-
-3-~ 07~04 I
¦ zible monomers may also be used as the prepolymerizate.
Mixtures of the polymerizable monomers can be used.
The polymerizable monomers are selected and used based on the desired characteristics of the ultimately developed foam plastic. Thus, for example, the unit weight and the toughness of the foam plastic may be varied. The foams that can be produced according to the process of this invention are considered to be light foams, with a unit weight below 200 kg/m3. One can obtain unit weights of 50 to 100 kg/m3.
A premature, undesirable thermal polymerization can be pre-vented by the additional use of inhibitors.
; The polyvinylchloride mixed with polymerizable monomers and ¦
chemical or physical expansion agents, in some cases also with fillers, pigments, stabilizers, etc., is processed in accordance I with known processes in compression molds, stamping molds, extru-ders or injection molding machines and is subsequently expanded.
; After complete expansion, the polymerizable monomer located in the foam plastic is polymerized by the effect of ionizing radiation.
W rays, X-rays, gamma rays, beta particles or beams of rays' of greatly accelerated electrons may be used as the ionizing radiation. Electron rays with an energy between 400 and 2000 KEV , are preferably used. The radiation dose is between 3 to 15 megarad.
The type of expansion agent is of no si~nificance in the Drol cess of this invention. Physical expansion agents, such as nitrogen freon or pentane, as well as chemical expanding agents, such as, azodiacarbonamide, ammonium carbonates or alkali/hydrogen/carbonate or sulfhydrazides, may be used.
By way of summary, this invention involves a process for the production of hard plastic foams~ using a polyvinylchloride base, from a mixture of polyvinylchloride, at least one temporary softener and at least one expansion (foaming) agent, wherein the mixture is heated, cooled and expanded. A polymerizable ethylenic-`~' ~ ' ` 1073~0~
ally unsaturated monomer having at least one double linkage is used as the softener. The polymerization of such monomer is carried out after complete expansion by means of ionizing rays, the dosage of the ionizing rays being between 3 and 15 megarads.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THIS INVENTION
As used herein, all parts, percentages and ratiosare on a weight basis unless otherwise stated or otherwise obvious to one ordinarily skilled in the art.
Example #l 100 parts of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) were mixed with 10 parts of CaCO3, 5 parts of dythal (dibasic lead phthalate), 20 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate and 30 parts of methylmethacrylate. The compound was heated in a compression mold at a pressure of 250 kg/cm to 166C.
and was kept at this temperature for one half hour. Sub-se~uently, it was cooled and the blank was removed from the mold. The expansion of the blank was carried out in a drying cabinet at about 100C. until a density of 70 kg/m3 was reached. The completely expanded foam plastic was then treated by means of accelerated electrons having an average energy of 400 KEV (radiation intensity : 1 to 3 megarads/sec.).
At the same time the methylmethacrylate polymerized. The - complete foam plastic was tough-elastic and had a unit weight of 70 kg/cm3.
~ . ' ,. -:. ~
¦ zible monomers may also be used as the prepolymerizate.
Mixtures of the polymerizable monomers can be used.
The polymerizable monomers are selected and used based on the desired characteristics of the ultimately developed foam plastic. Thus, for example, the unit weight and the toughness of the foam plastic may be varied. The foams that can be produced according to the process of this invention are considered to be light foams, with a unit weight below 200 kg/m3. One can obtain unit weights of 50 to 100 kg/m3.
A premature, undesirable thermal polymerization can be pre-vented by the additional use of inhibitors.
; The polyvinylchloride mixed with polymerizable monomers and ¦
chemical or physical expansion agents, in some cases also with fillers, pigments, stabilizers, etc., is processed in accordance I with known processes in compression molds, stamping molds, extru-ders or injection molding machines and is subsequently expanded.
; After complete expansion, the polymerizable monomer located in the foam plastic is polymerized by the effect of ionizing radiation.
W rays, X-rays, gamma rays, beta particles or beams of rays' of greatly accelerated electrons may be used as the ionizing radiation. Electron rays with an energy between 400 and 2000 KEV , are preferably used. The radiation dose is between 3 to 15 megarad.
The type of expansion agent is of no si~nificance in the Drol cess of this invention. Physical expansion agents, such as nitrogen freon or pentane, as well as chemical expanding agents, such as, azodiacarbonamide, ammonium carbonates or alkali/hydrogen/carbonate or sulfhydrazides, may be used.
By way of summary, this invention involves a process for the production of hard plastic foams~ using a polyvinylchloride base, from a mixture of polyvinylchloride, at least one temporary softener and at least one expansion (foaming) agent, wherein the mixture is heated, cooled and expanded. A polymerizable ethylenic-`~' ~ ' ` 1073~0~
ally unsaturated monomer having at least one double linkage is used as the softener. The polymerization of such monomer is carried out after complete expansion by means of ionizing rays, the dosage of the ionizing rays being between 3 and 15 megarads.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THIS INVENTION
As used herein, all parts, percentages and ratiosare on a weight basis unless otherwise stated or otherwise obvious to one ordinarily skilled in the art.
Example #l 100 parts of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) were mixed with 10 parts of CaCO3, 5 parts of dythal (dibasic lead phthalate), 20 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate and 30 parts of methylmethacrylate. The compound was heated in a compression mold at a pressure of 250 kg/cm to 166C.
and was kept at this temperature for one half hour. Sub-se~uently, it was cooled and the blank was removed from the mold. The expansion of the blank was carried out in a drying cabinet at about 100C. until a density of 70 kg/m3 was reached. The completely expanded foam plastic was then treated by means of accelerated electrons having an average energy of 400 KEV (radiation intensity : 1 to 3 megarads/sec.).
At the same time the methylmethacrylate polymerized. The - complete foam plastic was tough-elastic and had a unit weight of 70 kg/cm3.
~ . ' ,. -:. ~
Claims (10)
1. A process for the production of hard plastic foam, using a polyvinylchloride base, from a mixture of polyvinyl-chloride, at least one temporary softener and at least one expansion agent, wherein the mixture is heated, cooled and expanded, the improvement consisting of using at least one polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one double linkage as a softener and conducting the polymerization of said polymerizable monomer, after completion of the expansions, by means of ionizing rays, the dosage of the ionizing rays being between 3 and 15 megarads.
2. A process as described in claim 1 wherein said polymerizable monomers are used in a quantity of 10 to 50 percent by weight, based on the polyvinylchloride.
3. A process as described in claim 1 where said poly-merizable monomer is a low alkyl ester of acrylic acid and/
or methacrylic acid.
or methacrylic acid.
4. A process as described in claim 1 wherein said poly-merizable monomer is an acrylic acid ester and/or meth-acrylic acid esters of glycol.
5. A process as described in claim 1 wherein said polymerizable monomer is a vinyl compound.
6. A process as described in claim 1 wherein said poly-merizable monomer is an allyl compound.
7. A process as described in claim 1 wherein a mixture of a prepolymer in said polymerizable monomer is used as said polymerizable monomer.
8. A process as described in claim 1 wherein electron rays are used as said ionizing rays.
9. A process as described in claim 1 wherein the hard plastic foam has a foam density between 60 and 100 kg/cm3.
10. A process as described in claim 1 wherein the hard plastic foam has a foam density between 60 and 80 kg/cm3.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH20276A CH597285A5 (en) | 1976-01-09 | 1976-01-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1073404A true CA1073404A (en) | 1980-03-11 |
Family
ID=4181570
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA269,428A Expired CA1073404A (en) | 1976-01-09 | 1977-01-10 | Process for the production of hard foam plastics using a polyvinylchloride base |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6033848B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT355317B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU504245B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE850214A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1073404A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH597285A5 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS192471B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD128267A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2606190C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK156442C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI64180C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2337744A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1510050A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE44243B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1086653B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU76542A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL183769C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO147568C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE419094B (en) |
| SU (1) | SU655320A3 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU318776A (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL67872C (en) * | 1948-08-16 | 1951-05-15 | L'equip Menager Et Ind Emi | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURE OF PRODUCTS WITH A LARGE NUMBER OF CELLS, AND MOLDED ARTICLES WHOLLY OR PARTLY CONSISTED OF THIS MATERIAL |
| GB716366A (en) * | 1950-09-27 | 1954-10-06 | Expanded Rubber Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the production of cellular polyvinyl plastics |
| BE627414A (en) * | 1962-01-22 | |||
| NL136131C (en) * | 1962-10-24 | |||
| GB1219803A (en) * | 1967-06-03 | 1971-01-20 | Toray Industries | Cellular foamed products prepared from polymers of vinyl chloride and process for their preparation |
| US3648834A (en) * | 1967-07-14 | 1972-03-14 | Mayer & Co Inc O | Method of making rigid packages from flexible films and products produced thereby |
| GB1386610A (en) * | 1971-10-21 | 1975-03-12 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Rigid and semirigid foams and process of making them |
-
1976
- 1976-01-09 CH CH20276A patent/CH597285A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-02-17 DE DE2606190A patent/DE2606190C2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-23 IE IE2825/76A patent/IE44243B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-28 NL NLAANVRAGE7614489,A patent/NL183769C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-30 AT AT984876A patent/AT355317B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-30 FI FI763748A patent/FI64180C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-12-30 YU YU03187/76A patent/YU318776A/en unknown
- 1976-12-30 GB GB54299/76A patent/GB1510050A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-31 CS CS768898A patent/CS192471B2/en unknown
-
1977
- 1977-01-04 SE SE7700071A patent/SE419094B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-01-06 DK DK005177A patent/DK156442C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-01-06 DD DD7700196840A patent/DD128267A5/en unknown
- 1977-01-07 NO NO770050A patent/NO147568C/en unknown
- 1977-01-07 FR FR7700357A patent/FR2337744A1/en active Granted
- 1977-01-07 SU SU772435955A patent/SU655320A3/en active
- 1977-01-07 LU LU76542A patent/LU76542A1/xx unknown
- 1977-01-07 BE BE173943A patent/BE850214A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-01-07 AU AU21150/77A patent/AU504245B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-07 IT IT47543/77A patent/IT1086653B/en active
- 1977-01-08 JP JP52001111A patent/JPS6033848B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-10 CA CA269,428A patent/CA1073404A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK156442B (en) | 1989-08-21 |
| BE850214A (en) | 1977-07-07 |
| DK156442C (en) | 1990-01-02 |
| AT355317B (en) | 1980-02-25 |
| DE2606190C2 (en) | 1987-02-26 |
| JPS5287467A (en) | 1977-07-21 |
| NO147568C (en) | 1983-05-04 |
| CH597285A5 (en) | 1978-03-31 |
| NO770050L (en) | 1977-07-12 |
| AU2115077A (en) | 1978-07-13 |
| DE2606190A1 (en) | 1977-07-21 |
| NL7614489A (en) | 1977-07-12 |
| ATA984876A (en) | 1979-07-15 |
| SE7700071L (en) | 1977-07-10 |
| JPS6033848B2 (en) | 1985-08-05 |
| CS192471B2 (en) | 1979-08-31 |
| FI64180B (en) | 1983-06-30 |
| IT1086653B (en) | 1985-05-28 |
| NO147568B (en) | 1983-01-24 |
| SU655320A3 (en) | 1979-03-30 |
| DK5177A (en) | 1977-07-10 |
| FR2337744A1 (en) | 1977-08-05 |
| NL183769B (en) | 1988-08-16 |
| NL183769C (en) | 1989-01-16 |
| SE419094B (en) | 1981-07-13 |
| FR2337744B1 (en) | 1981-03-27 |
| LU76542A1 (en) | 1977-07-15 |
| DD128267A5 (en) | 1977-11-09 |
| IE44243L (en) | 1977-07-09 |
| FI64180C (en) | 1983-10-10 |
| GB1510050A (en) | 1978-05-10 |
| AU504245B2 (en) | 1979-10-04 |
| IE44243B1 (en) | 1981-09-23 |
| YU318776A (en) | 1982-05-31 |
| FI763748A7 (en) | 1977-07-10 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |