CA1089062A - Affichage electrochromique a phthalocyanine - Google Patents

Affichage electrochromique a phthalocyanine

Info

Publication number: CA1089062A
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: display; electrolyte; color; cell; electrochromic
Prior art date: 1976-12-20
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired

Application number

CA293,321A

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Margie M. Nicholson

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Boeing North American Inc

Original Assignee

Rockwell International Corp

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1976-12-20

Filing date

1977-12-19

Publication date

1980-11-04

1977-12-19 Application filed by Rockwell International Corp filed Critical Rockwell International Corp

1980-11-04 Application granted granted Critical

1980-11-04 Publication of CA1089062A publication Critical patent/CA1089062A/fr

Status Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 46
230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
-1 blue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 claims 2
244000178870 Lavandula angustifolia Species 0.000 claims 1
235000010663 Lavandula angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
239000001102 lavandula vera Substances 0.000 claims 1
235000018219 lavender Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
239000010981 turquoise Substances 0.000 claims 1
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 18
230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 13
239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 11
239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 6
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000002061 vacuum sublimation Methods 0.000 description 2
230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
101150096672 CEL1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 1
UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
241001417524 Pomacanthidae Species 0.000 description 1
ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
ZYDVNTYVDVZMKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cl].[Ag] ZYDVNTYVDVZMKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
NMLQNVRHVSWEGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl].[K] Chemical compound [Cl].[K] NMLQNVRHVSWEGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
VCSZKSHWUBFOOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidanium;sulfate Chemical compound O.O.OS(O)(=O)=O VCSZKSHWUBFOOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000012769 display material Substances 0.000 description 1
238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical class [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical group [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes

Landscapes

Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Nonlinear Science (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Electrochemistry (AREA)
Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)

CA293,321A 1976-12-20 1977-12-19 Affichage electrochromique a phthalocyanine Expired CA1089062A (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US75295076A	1976-12-20	1976-12-20
US752,950		1976-12-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA1089062A true CA1089062A (fr)	1980-11-04

Family

ID=25028559

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA293,321A Expired CA1089062A (fr)	1976-12-20	1977-12-19	Affichage electrochromique a phthalocyanine

Country Status (4)

Country	Link
JP (1)	JPS6032168B2 (fr)
CA (1)	CA1089062A (fr)
DE (1)	DE2756551A1 (fr)
GB (1)	GB1578600A (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US4371236A (en) *	1976-12-20	1983-02-01	Rockwell International Corporation	Electrochromic display using rare-earth diphthalocyanines and a low freezing-point electrolyte
EP0008750A1 (fr) *	1978-09-04	1980-03-19	Siemens Aktiengesellschaft	Dispositif électrochromique d'affichage
US4306774A (en) *	1978-10-04	1981-12-22	Rockwell International Corporation	Solid state electrochromic display
WO1980002462A1 (fr) *	1979-05-08	1980-11-13	Rockwell International Corp	Affichage electrochrome utilisant des diphtalocyanines de terres rares et un electrolyte ayant une basse temperature de congelation
JPS55157781A (en) *	1979-05-28	1980-12-08	Seiko Instr & Electronics	Electrochromic display unit
DE3069044D1 (en)	1980-12-19	1984-09-27	Ibm	Metal diphthalocyanine electrochromic displays and electrolytes therefor
US4456337A (en) *	1981-12-07	1984-06-26	Rockwell International Corporation	Chemically coupled color-changing display
US4474433A (en) *	1981-12-11	1984-10-02	Rockwell International Corporation	Chemical color conversion of electrochromic display material
DE102008022498A1 (de) *	2008-02-19	2009-08-20	Ifm Electronic Gmbh	Automatischer Sichtschild

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
JPS50101068A (fr) *	1974-01-08	1975-08-11
CA1038071A (fr) *	1974-09-03	1978-09-05	American Cyanamid Company	Ensemble electrochronique "solide" a mouillage acide
JPS51109854A (fr) *	1975-03-22	1976-09-29	Sony Corp
JPS5298688A (en) *	1976-02-14	1977-08-18	Citizen Watch Co Ltd	Electrochromic display apparatus

1977
- 1977-12-12 GB GB51662/77A patent/GB1578600A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-12-15 JP JP52151596A patent/JPS6032168B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1977-12-19 DE DE19772756551 patent/DE2756551A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1977-12-19 CA CA293,321A patent/CA1089062A/fr not_active Expired

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
GB1578600A (en)	1980-11-05
JPS5377494A (en)	1978-07-08
DE2756551A1 (de)	1978-06-22
JPS6032168B2 (ja)	1985-07-26

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
1997-11-04	MKEX	Expiry

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US4184751A (en)	1980-01-22	Phthalocyanine electrochromic display
CA1318387C (fr)	1993-05-25	Dispositifs electrochromiques a gradient d'intensites de chrominance
US4104627A (en)	1978-08-01	Digitale, an indicating device containing liquid crystals
CA1089062A (fr)	1980-11-04	Affichage electrochromique a phthalocyanine
GB2164466A (en)	1986-03-19	Electrochromic device
US3961842A (en)	1976-06-08	Regenerating electrode for electrochromic display cell
US4488780A (en)	1984-12-18	Method of producing a color change in a chemically coupled color-changing display
CN113376889A (zh)	2021-09-10	基于聚合物分散液晶的电致变色装置、制备方法及电子设备
US3950077A (en)	1976-04-13	Lead reference and counter electrode for an electrochromic display
US6104372A (en)	2000-08-15	Arrangement for solar cell driven display
US20020039224A1 (en)	2002-04-04	Transflective switching display device
US6535323B2 (en)	2003-03-18	Light-switching device
JPS5781242A (en)	1982-05-21	All solid state complementary type electrochromic display element
GB2093207A (en)	1982-08-25	Electrochromic display cell
EP0081031B1 (fr)	1989-11-23	Indicateur changeant de couleur couplé chimiquement
US4371236A (en)	1983-02-01	Electrochromic display using rare-earth diphthalocyanines and a low freezing-point electrolyte
US4008950A (en)	1977-02-22	Electrochromic display cell structure
GB2026189A (en)	1980-01-30	Electrochromic display device
US20020101413A1 (en)	2002-08-01	Light switching device
US6680790B2 (en)	2004-01-20	Switching display device having a large aperture
US4501472A (en)	1985-02-26	Tunable electrochromic filter
USH264H (en)	1987-05-05	Electrochromic display device
WO1980002462A1 (fr)	1980-11-13	Affichage electrochrome utilisant des diphtalocyanines de terres rares et un electrolyte ayant une basse temperature de congelation
US4359698A (en)	1982-11-16	Reflecting type light modulator
JPS6186733A (ja)	1986-05-02	エレクトロクロミツク素子