CA1115955A - Substance cellulosique et polymere thermoplastique formant des pastilles de combustible - Google Patents

Substance cellulosique et polymere thermoplastique formant des pastilles de combustible

Info

Publication number: CA1115955A
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: particulate; fuel pellet; synthetic; pellets; natural
Prior art date: 1978-04-26
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired

Application number

CA312,246A

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Ian F. Johnston

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Individual

Original Assignee

Individual

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1978-04-26

Filing date

1978-09-28

Publication date

1982-01-12

1978-09-28 Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual

1982-01-12 Application granted granted Critical

1982-01-12 Publication of CA1115955A publication Critical patent/CA1115955A/fr

Status Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 267
239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title description 14
239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 37
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
-1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 9
229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
229920005669 high impact polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
239000004797 high-impact polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
240000006432 Carica papaya Species 0.000 claims description 6
235000009467 Carica papaya Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 claims description 6
235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 5
235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 4
239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 4
NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims description 2
235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 2
235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 2
235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
239000010904 stalk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 2
238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 36
239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 36
238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 21
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 21
239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 18
239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 15
239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 13
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 10
239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 10
238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 4
239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 4
235000014466 Douglas bleu Nutrition 0.000 description 3
240000001416 Pseudotsuga menziesii Species 0.000 description 3
235000005386 Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesii Nutrition 0.000 description 3
NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 description 2
101000852483 Homo sapiens Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
102100036342 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 Human genes 0.000 description 2
229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 2
BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 2
239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
NIOPZPCMRQGZCE-WEVVVXLNSA-N 2,4-dinitro-6-(octan-2-yl)phenyl (E)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1OC(=O)\C=C\C NIOPZPCMRQGZCE-WEVVVXLNSA-N 0.000 description 1
PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
241000218220 Ulmaceae Species 0.000 description 1
230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
229920005550 ammonium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
229940108066 coal tar Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000003189 isokinetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 1
239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
238000004525 petroleum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1

Landscapes

Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

CA312,246A 1978-04-26 1978-09-28 Substance cellulosique et polymere thermoplastique formant des pastilles de combustible Expired CA1115955A (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US90024078A	1978-04-26	1978-04-26
US900,240		1978-04-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA1115955A true CA1115955A (fr)	1982-01-12

Family

ID=25412215

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA312,246A Expired CA1115955A (fr)	1978-04-26	1978-09-28	Substance cellulosique et polymere thermoplastique formant des pastilles de combustible

Country Status (1)

Country	Link
CA (1)	CA1115955A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US7960325B2 (en)	2008-02-15	2011-06-14	Renewable Densified Fuels, Llc	Densified fuel pellets
EP2744878A1 (fr) *	2011-08-19	2014-06-25	Celanese Emulsions GmbH	Granulés et briquettes de bois, leur production et leur utilisation
FR3063083A1 (fr) *	2017-02-23	2018-08-24	Universite De Rennes 1	Composition combustible, procede de fabrication et utilisation

1978
- 1978-09-28 CA CA312,246A patent/CA1115955A/fr not_active Expired

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US7960325B2 (en)	2008-02-15	2011-06-14	Renewable Densified Fuels, Llc	Densified fuel pellets
US8137420B2 (en)	2008-02-15	2012-03-20	Renewable Densified Fuels, Llc	Densified fuel pellets
US8377153B2 (en)	2008-02-15	2013-02-19	Renewable Densified Fuels, Llc	Densified fuel pellets
EP2744878A1 (fr) *	2011-08-19	2014-06-25	Celanese Emulsions GmbH	Granulés et briquettes de bois, leur production et leur utilisation
FR3063083A1 (fr) *	2017-02-23	2018-08-24	Universite De Rennes 1	Composition combustible, procede de fabrication et utilisation
WO2018153877A1 (fr) *	2017-02-23	2018-08-30	Universite De Rennes 1	Composition combustible, procédé de fabrication et utilisation

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
1999-01-12	MKEX	Expiry

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US4236897A (en)	1980-12-02	Fuel pellets
US4529407A (en)	1985-07-16	Fuel pellets
US8137420B2 (en)	2012-03-20	Densified fuel pellets
US3950143A (en)	1976-04-13	Process for producing solid industrial fuel
US6165238A (en)	2000-12-26	Fuel pellet and method for its production
US4596584A (en)	1986-06-24	Solid fuel and method of manufacture thereof
CA2653577C (fr)	2010-10-05	Pastilles combustibles densifiees
EP0018372A1 (fr)	1980-11-12	Boulettes combustibles
WO2008111766A1 (fr)	2008-09-18	Appareil et procédé pour fabriquer un combustible à partir de résidus forestiers
US7500624B2 (en)	2009-03-10	Method and system for storing carpet fines
US3938965A (en)	1976-02-17	Process for producing solid industrial fuel
MXPA01001101A (es)	2002-04-24	Leno para chimenea sintetico y metodo para producirlo.
JPS61228096A (ja)	1986-10-11	木質固形化燃料の製造方法
JP2011140610A (ja)	2011-07-21	複合燃料製造方法
US20100146848A1 (en)	2010-06-17	Fuel formed of cellulosic and biosolid materials
Alamsyah	2022	Fuel pellet from oil producing plants
KR20000072160A (ko)	2000-12-05	오니탄의 조성물 및 그의 제조방법
WO2002051969A1 (fr)	2002-07-04	Pastille de combustible et procede de production associe
WO2000000574A1 (fr)	2000-01-06	Composition de combustible en granules, a base de charbon, et son procede fabrication
JPH0552360B2 (fr)	1993-08-05
KR100297948B1 (ko)	2001-09-22	연료용 왕겨탄
AU1751592A (en)	1992-12-30	Solid fuel
KR20240021392A (ko)	2024-02-19	폐분체도료와 톱밥을 이용한 고형연료의 제조방법
WOOD	2012	Corvallis, Oregon, USA
HU202270B (hu)	1991-02-28	Eljárás szilárd tüzelőanyag előállítására