CA1184014A - Elongated structural members comprised of composite wood material - Google Patents
Elongated structural members comprised of composite wood materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1184014A CA1184014A CA000402715A CA402715A CA1184014A CA 1184014 A CA1184014 A CA 1184014A CA 000402715 A CA000402715 A CA 000402715A CA 402715 A CA402715 A CA 402715A CA 1184014 A CA1184014 A CA 1184014A
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- elongated
- panels
- longitudinal axis
- wood
- wood flakes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
ELONGATED STRUCTURAL MEMBERS COMPRISED OF
COMPOSITE WOOD MATERIAL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention provides elongated structural members constructed of composite wood material and having strength properties at least as good as high strength structural wood commonly used for struc-tural members or utility poles. The elongated structural members of the invention are generally comprised of a plurality of elongated panels fixedly joined together to form a hollow assembly, and wherein the elongated panels are each comprised of a plurality of wood flakes intermixed with a binder and compressed, substantially all of the flakes being aligned generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated panels.
COMPOSITE WOOD MATERIAL
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention provides elongated structural members constructed of composite wood material and having strength properties at least as good as high strength structural wood commonly used for struc-tural members or utility poles. The elongated structural members of the invention are generally comprised of a plurality of elongated panels fixedly joined together to form a hollow assembly, and wherein the elongated panels are each comprised of a plurality of wood flakes intermixed with a binder and compressed, substantially all of the flakes being aligned generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated panels.
Description
ELONGATED STRUCTURAL ME~IBERS CO~IPRISED OF
CO~IPOSITE WOOD MATERLAL
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to composite wood materia:L and more particularly to the construc-tion of elongated structural members such as utility poles, pilings9 cross-ties and cross-arms from composite wood material, such structural members having strength properties as good as or better than similar structures comprised of high~
grade solid wood and such structural members being manufactured at a cost making them competitive with such solid wood structures.
~ACKGROUND PRIOR ART
Various types of structural members, such , as utility poles, construction pilings and structural beams are commonly made from solid wood. Continuing . - , .. ~ ,. ...
CO~IPOSITE WOOD MATERLAL
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to composite wood materia:L and more particularly to the construc-tion of elongated structural members such as utility poles, pilings9 cross-ties and cross-arms from composite wood material, such structural members having strength properties as good as or better than similar structures comprised of high~
grade solid wood and such structural members being manufactured at a cost making them competitive with such solid wood structures.
~ACKGROUND PRIOR ART
Various types of structural members, such , as utility poles, construction pilings and structural beams are commonly made from solid wood. Continuing . - , .. ~ ,. ...
-2-demand for sol;d wood poles and bea~s, increasing production cost, limited supplies of suitable species in all sizes required, and competition for the wood Eor other products has caused a growing need for substitute materials from which the above described structural members can be made. These substitute materials should be adequate in supply and have a low stable cost.
While comminuted wood materials have been found to be useEul in other applications such as in the construction of panels or other planar structural wood products, the prior art does not suggest a suitable or commercially viable means for producing elongated structural members from such wood materialO An example of prior art material includ-ing comminuted wood and used to produce other types of products is illustrated in the U.S. Elmendorf Patent No. 3,164,511, issued January 5, 1965 and showing a planar sheet comprised of wood strands compressecl and bonded together with a suitable binder. The structural board described in that patent includes wood strands which are oriented -in a crossing relationship to thereby form a woven fabric-like character, but wherein the average direction of the strands is parallel to the edge of the board formed by the composite wood material, the crossing of the strands being intended to increase the strength of the board across its width.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides elonga~ed structural members cons~ructed of composite wood ma-terial and having strength properties at least as good as the high strength structural wood such as southern pine and Douglas fir commonly used for structural members or utility poles. The elongated structural members of the invention are generally comprised of a plurality of elongated panels fixedly joined together to form a hollow assembly, and wherein the elongated panels are each comprised of a plurality of wood flakes intermixed with a binder and compressed, substantially all of the flakes being alignea generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated panels. The resultant elongated structural members have a strength at least as great as the commonly used structural wood, and such strength is achieved, even if the wood flakes are p~oduced from wood species of otherwise little commercial value.
More particularly, the invention provides an elongated structural member having a longitudinal axis and comprising a plurality of elongated planar panels fixedly joined together to form an elongated central cavity, the:elongated panels each comprised of a plurality of elongated wood flakes intermixed with a suitable binder and compressed to form a densified product, the elongated wood flakes having a length of about 0.5 to about 3.5 inches, a width of about 0.1 to about 0.5 inches, and a thickness of about 0.01 to about 0.05 inches, and said wood flakes having a longitudinal axis and a grain direction extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated flakes, the elongated wood flakes being aligned substantially s sd/~-parallel to -the longitudi.nal axis oE -the elongated structural member, and the wood flakes each being generally planar and defining substantiallv para.llel planes parallel to the major planes of the panels.
One of the advantages of the invention is that it provides a source of wood poles or other elongated structural members independent of a supply of high strength solid wood.
Another of the advantages of the invention is that it provides a suitable product at less cost. For example, it is estimated that a 40-foot u~i.lity pole produced in accordance of the invention sd ~ 4 may cost 3~% less than a similar solid wood pole, and that the cost differentiation increases with the len~th of the pole required swch that an eighty foot composite wood utility pole may cost 55% less than a similar solid wood pole.
A further advantage of the invention is that it permits use of wood species which are otherwise of little commercial value. Although solid wood of different species exhibits vastly different strength properties, it has been found that the composite wood material products of the invention and made from lower strength wood species are not necessarily weaker than those produced from stronger wood species. Accordingly, wood species which would normally have little structural import-ance can be used advantageously.
Various other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent by reference to the following description and claims and by refer-ence to the drawings.
.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAI~INGS
Fig. 1 is an elevation view of an elongatedstructucal member embodying the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an elon-gated structural member comprising another embodi-~ ment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlar~ed view o~ an end of the elon~ated structural member shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a cross section view taken along line 4-4 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a cross section elevation view of an elongated structural member as shown in Fig.
1 and comprised of laminated sections.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-section per-spective view of the laminate composite wood material comprising the elongated structural member of Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but shows an elongated structural member having an alternative configuration.
Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but illustrating composite wood material comprising the elongated structural member of Fig. 7.
Figs. 9-11 are cross section views of elon-gated structural members as in Fig. 4 but illustrat-ing alternative constructions.
Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but showing another alternative embodiment of an elongated structural member oE the invention.
, Before describing the preferred embodiments oE the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction or arrangements of the components set forth in the following descrip-tion or illustrated in the drawings. The invent;on is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ~ays. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRE~ E~IBODI~IE~TS
Illustrated in Fig. 1 is an elongated structural member 10 comprised of composite wood material and defining an elongated hollow tapered pole of the type used as a utility pole, piling, or in another similar application.
The elongated structural member 10 is con-structed of a plurality of elongated component panels 14! the panels 14 being comprised of compo-site wood material. In the specific construction -shown in Figs. 4-6, the panels 14 are illustrated as each being comprised of a plurality of planar layers 18 of composite wood mater;al laminated together, the layers 18 being secured together by an interface adhesive. The panels 14 so orme~ are mitered or otherwise cut to shape and combined to form a composite wood pole. In the illustrated construction~ the respective elongated lateral edges 20 of the panels 14 are joined together by arl interface adhesive to thereby join the panels 14 in an octagonal shape as illustrated in Fig. 4.
The construction of the composite wood pole lO is Eurther shown in Fig. 5, wherein the panels 14 are shown as being comprised of a plural-ity of planar composite wood material layers 1~ of successively increasing lengths such that the thickness of each of the panels 14 tapers from the base portion of the pole lO toward the upper end of the pole, the portions of the elongated panels 14 at the base portion of the illustrated pole 10 having a thickness of six layers 18 of composite material and the upper portions of the panels 14 being comprised of a single layer 18 of composite wood material.
Referring more specifically to the material composition of the layers 18 of the panels 14, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, they are comprised oE composite wood material formed from wood flakes 22 (Fig. 6) intermixed with a suitable binder material and compressed in a suitable press.
Generally, the compressed product is formed by constructing a loosely felted mat of wood flakes having been mixed with a binder material and may be =
constructed using the operating conditions used in the manufacture of conventional particle board. More particularly, the mat is Eormed by disbursing the wood flakes 22 such that the planes oE the flakes 22 are generally parallel to the plane of the mat and with substantially all of the flakes being aligned as illustrated in Fig. 6 such that the longitudinal axes oE the flakes are generally parallel to the longitudinal ~ axis of the elongated structural component to be formed. In the preEerred form of the invention, at least 90% of the wood flakes 22, are to be aligned so as to be parallel to the longitudina1 axis of the elongated panel 14 or the layer l~ being 5 formed. The flakes 22 each have a grain direction extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flakes. Alignment of the flakes thus results in alignment of the wood grain of the flakes with the longitudinal axis of the structural member or pole 10 in a manner similar to a solid wood pole. In fact, the pole 10 of the invention may have a more uniform grain direction than that of a solid wood pole, since such wood has innate grain inconsistencies such as knots and the like.
Wood flakes 22 of the type forming the layers 18 are conveniently formed using a conven-tional ring flaker or a round wood flaker to commutate small logs, branches, or rough pulp wood and form suitably shaped flakes 22.
In the production of the elongated panels 14, it is preferred that the wood flakes 22 have a length of from 0.5 to 3.5 inches, a width oE 0.1 .o 0.5 inches, and a thickness of .01 to .05 inches. Additionally it is preferred that the ratio of the average length of the flakes to the average width of the flakes be from about 4:l to about lO:l. An example of a convenient flake geometry is the use of flakes havin~ a length of approximately 1.6 inches, a thickness of approxi-30 ' mately .02 inches and a width of 0.2 to 0.5 inches.
While comminuted wood materials have been found to be useEul in other applications such as in the construction of panels or other planar structural wood products, the prior art does not suggest a suitable or commercially viable means for producing elongated structural members from such wood materialO An example of prior art material includ-ing comminuted wood and used to produce other types of products is illustrated in the U.S. Elmendorf Patent No. 3,164,511, issued January 5, 1965 and showing a planar sheet comprised of wood strands compressecl and bonded together with a suitable binder. The structural board described in that patent includes wood strands which are oriented -in a crossing relationship to thereby form a woven fabric-like character, but wherein the average direction of the strands is parallel to the edge of the board formed by the composite wood material, the crossing of the strands being intended to increase the strength of the board across its width.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides elonga~ed structural members cons~ructed of composite wood ma-terial and having strength properties at least as good as the high strength structural wood such as southern pine and Douglas fir commonly used for structural members or utility poles. The elongated structural members of the invention are generally comprised of a plurality of elongated panels fixedly joined together to form a hollow assembly, and wherein the elongated panels are each comprised of a plurality of wood flakes intermixed with a binder and compressed, substantially all of the flakes being alignea generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated panels. The resultant elongated structural members have a strength at least as great as the commonly used structural wood, and such strength is achieved, even if the wood flakes are p~oduced from wood species of otherwise little commercial value.
More particularly, the invention provides an elongated structural member having a longitudinal axis and comprising a plurality of elongated planar panels fixedly joined together to form an elongated central cavity, the:elongated panels each comprised of a plurality of elongated wood flakes intermixed with a suitable binder and compressed to form a densified product, the elongated wood flakes having a length of about 0.5 to about 3.5 inches, a width of about 0.1 to about 0.5 inches, and a thickness of about 0.01 to about 0.05 inches, and said wood flakes having a longitudinal axis and a grain direction extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated flakes, the elongated wood flakes being aligned substantially s sd/~-parallel to -the longitudi.nal axis oE -the elongated structural member, and the wood flakes each being generally planar and defining substantiallv para.llel planes parallel to the major planes of the panels.
One of the advantages of the invention is that it provides a source of wood poles or other elongated structural members independent of a supply of high strength solid wood.
Another of the advantages of the invention is that it provides a suitable product at less cost. For example, it is estimated that a 40-foot u~i.lity pole produced in accordance of the invention sd ~ 4 may cost 3~% less than a similar solid wood pole, and that the cost differentiation increases with the len~th of the pole required swch that an eighty foot composite wood utility pole may cost 55% less than a similar solid wood pole.
A further advantage of the invention is that it permits use of wood species which are otherwise of little commercial value. Although solid wood of different species exhibits vastly different strength properties, it has been found that the composite wood material products of the invention and made from lower strength wood species are not necessarily weaker than those produced from stronger wood species. Accordingly, wood species which would normally have little structural import-ance can be used advantageously.
Various other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent by reference to the following description and claims and by refer-ence to the drawings.
.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAI~INGS
Fig. 1 is an elevation view of an elongatedstructucal member embodying the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an elon-gated structural member comprising another embodi-~ ment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlar~ed view o~ an end of the elon~ated structural member shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a cross section view taken along line 4-4 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a cross section elevation view of an elongated structural member as shown in Fig.
1 and comprised of laminated sections.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-section per-spective view of the laminate composite wood material comprising the elongated structural member of Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but shows an elongated structural member having an alternative configuration.
Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but illustrating composite wood material comprising the elongated structural member of Fig. 7.
Figs. 9-11 are cross section views of elon-gated structural members as in Fig. 4 but illustrat-ing alternative constructions.
Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but showing another alternative embodiment of an elongated structural member oE the invention.
, Before describing the preferred embodiments oE the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction or arrangements of the components set forth in the following descrip-tion or illustrated in the drawings. The invent;on is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ~ays. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRE~ E~IBODI~IE~TS
Illustrated in Fig. 1 is an elongated structural member 10 comprised of composite wood material and defining an elongated hollow tapered pole of the type used as a utility pole, piling, or in another similar application.
The elongated structural member 10 is con-structed of a plurality of elongated component panels 14! the panels 14 being comprised of compo-site wood material. In the specific construction -shown in Figs. 4-6, the panels 14 are illustrated as each being comprised of a plurality of planar layers 18 of composite wood mater;al laminated together, the layers 18 being secured together by an interface adhesive. The panels 14 so orme~ are mitered or otherwise cut to shape and combined to form a composite wood pole. In the illustrated construction~ the respective elongated lateral edges 20 of the panels 14 are joined together by arl interface adhesive to thereby join the panels 14 in an octagonal shape as illustrated in Fig. 4.
The construction of the composite wood pole lO is Eurther shown in Fig. 5, wherein the panels 14 are shown as being comprised of a plural-ity of planar composite wood material layers 1~ of successively increasing lengths such that the thickness of each of the panels 14 tapers from the base portion of the pole lO toward the upper end of the pole, the portions of the elongated panels 14 at the base portion of the illustrated pole 10 having a thickness of six layers 18 of composite material and the upper portions of the panels 14 being comprised of a single layer 18 of composite wood material.
Referring more specifically to the material composition of the layers 18 of the panels 14, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, they are comprised oE composite wood material formed from wood flakes 22 (Fig. 6) intermixed with a suitable binder material and compressed in a suitable press.
Generally, the compressed product is formed by constructing a loosely felted mat of wood flakes having been mixed with a binder material and may be =
constructed using the operating conditions used in the manufacture of conventional particle board. More particularly, the mat is Eormed by disbursing the wood flakes 22 such that the planes oE the flakes 22 are generally parallel to the plane of the mat and with substantially all of the flakes being aligned as illustrated in Fig. 6 such that the longitudinal axes oE the flakes are generally parallel to the longitudinal ~ axis of the elongated structural component to be formed. In the preEerred form of the invention, at least 90% of the wood flakes 22, are to be aligned so as to be parallel to the longitudina1 axis of the elongated panel 14 or the layer l~ being 5 formed. The flakes 22 each have a grain direction extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flakes. Alignment of the flakes thus results in alignment of the wood grain of the flakes with the longitudinal axis of the structural member or pole 10 in a manner similar to a solid wood pole. In fact, the pole 10 of the invention may have a more uniform grain direction than that of a solid wood pole, since such wood has innate grain inconsistencies such as knots and the like.
Wood flakes 22 of the type forming the layers 18 are conveniently formed using a conven-tional ring flaker or a round wood flaker to commutate small logs, branches, or rough pulp wood and form suitably shaped flakes 22.
In the production of the elongated panels 14, it is preferred that the wood flakes 22 have a length of from 0.5 to 3.5 inches, a width oE 0.1 .o 0.5 inches, and a thickness of .01 to .05 inches. Additionally it is preferred that the ratio of the average length of the flakes to the average width of the flakes be from about 4:l to about lO:l. An example of a convenient flake geometry is the use of flakes havin~ a length of approximately 1.6 inches, a thickness of approxi-30 ' mately .02 inches and a width of 0.2 to 0.5 inches.
3 ~
A convenient binder for use in the manufac-ture of the panels 14 can comprise phenol-formal-dehyde or an isocyanate adhesive. It has been found that an 8% resin solids composition of such binder, based on oven-dry flake weight gives satisfactory strength properties to the resultant elongated structure. To maximize coverage of the flakes, the binder may be applied by spraying droplets of the binder in liquid form onto the flakes.
To preserve the elongated structural members from decay due to decay fungi and insects it is also desirable to Eurther include a suitable fungicide in the composite wood mat. ~ccordingly, the wood flakes may also be treated or mixed with a suitable biocide. Such suitable biocides include pentachlorophenol, creosote, chromated copper arsenate and ammoniacal copper arsenate.
While the elongated pole lO is shown as having an octagonal cross-sectional conEiguration, it should be understood that the pole could alter-natively have a circular cross~sectional configura-tion as illustrated in Fig. 9 or a hexa~,onal cross-sectional configuration as shown in Fig. 10.
A circular configuration could be produced by constructing the pole from a plurality of elongated panels 30, each of the panels 30 being formed to have an arcuate cross-sectional configuration. The panels 30 could then be ar~anged such that their edges could be adhesively joined to adjacent edges of adjacent similar panels 30, the panels thus forming an elongated central cavity 31.
While the respective panels 14 of the elongated pole 10 are conveniently Eixedly joined together by any high strength adhesive such as resorcinol, an isocyanate adhesive, or other adhesives suitable for bonding wood products, it is contem-plated that the panels 14 could also be joined together by splines 32 as illustrated in Fig. 11 or by a combination of splines 32 and an adhesive.
Fig. 7 illustrates another alternative embodiment of an elongated structural member 34 constructed in accordance with the present invention.
The elongated structural member or pole 34 shown therein is constructed in the same manner as the elongated structural member 10 shown in Figs. 1 and
A convenient binder for use in the manufac-ture of the panels 14 can comprise phenol-formal-dehyde or an isocyanate adhesive. It has been found that an 8% resin solids composition of such binder, based on oven-dry flake weight gives satisfactory strength properties to the resultant elongated structure. To maximize coverage of the flakes, the binder may be applied by spraying droplets of the binder in liquid form onto the flakes.
To preserve the elongated structural members from decay due to decay fungi and insects it is also desirable to Eurther include a suitable fungicide in the composite wood mat. ~ccordingly, the wood flakes may also be treated or mixed with a suitable biocide. Such suitable biocides include pentachlorophenol, creosote, chromated copper arsenate and ammoniacal copper arsenate.
While the elongated pole lO is shown as having an octagonal cross-sectional conEiguration, it should be understood that the pole could alter-natively have a circular cross~sectional configura-tion as illustrated in Fig. 9 or a hexa~,onal cross-sectional configuration as shown in Fig. 10.
A circular configuration could be produced by constructing the pole from a plurality of elongated panels 30, each of the panels 30 being formed to have an arcuate cross-sectional configuration. The panels 30 could then be ar~anged such that their edges could be adhesively joined to adjacent edges of adjacent similar panels 30, the panels thus forming an elongated central cavity 31.
While the respective panels 14 of the elongated pole 10 are conveniently Eixedly joined together by any high strength adhesive such as resorcinol, an isocyanate adhesive, or other adhesives suitable for bonding wood products, it is contem-plated that the panels 14 could also be joined together by splines 32 as illustrated in Fig. 11 or by a combination of splines 32 and an adhesive.
Fig. 7 illustrates another alternative embodiment of an elongated structural member 34 constructed in accordance with the present invention.
The elongated structural member or pole 34 shown therein is constructed in the same manner as the elongated structural member 10 shown in Figs. 1 and
4-5 except that the elongated panels 36 of the pole 34 are monolithic one-piece composite wood panels rather than laminated panels 14. As illustrated in Fig. 8, the elongated panels 36 forming the elongated pole 34 are similar to panels 14 in that they are comprised of composite wood material formed of elongated wood flakes 22 defining parallel planes and having longitudinal axes generally ~
parallel to the longitudinal axes of the panels 36.
The elongated pole 34 further includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart rigicl planar octa-gonal diaphragms 3~ housed in the elongated central cavity 39 oE the pole 34 and intended to increase the strength of the pole. While the octagonal diaphragms 38 could be comprised of a plurality of materials, in a preferred form of the invention, the octagonal diaphragms 38 are comprised of composite ~ood mate.ial such as that comprising the panels 36.
Illustrated in Fig. 2 is another alternative embodiment of an elon~gated structural me~,ber embodying tlle invention. The elongated structural member 40 shown therein comprises a hollow elon~ated cross arm of the type commonly employed with utility poles and used to support telephone lines or power lines. More particularly, the cross beam 40 is comprised of our planar elongated panels 42 each comprised of composite -t~ood material produced in the manner described above. The elongated panels 42 are arranged in the manner shown in cross section in Fig. 3 and are fixedly joined together by a suitable interface adhesive 44 of the type previously described . It should be understood that the panels 42 could also be secured together by other suitable joining means.
As in the case oE the elongated hollow pole shown in Figs. 1 and 4-6, the elongated panels 42 of the structural member 40 are comprised of elongated wood flakes aligned such that substanti-ally all of the flakes are positioned with their longitudinal axis generally parallel to the longi-tudinal axis of the elongated panels and with the -~
flakes oriented so as to define planes substantially parallel to the plane of the elongated panel defined by the flakes.
Fig. 12 illustrates a furthec alternative embodiment of an elongated structural member o the in~ention, the elongated structural member 50 shown therein being comprised oE a plurality of longitu-, dinal section 52, 54 and 56 mutually arranged in telescoping relationship. Each of the telescoping --sections 52, 54 and 56 is comprised of a plurali~y of elongated panels 58~ the panels 58 being fixedly joined together in such a manner as to form an elongated central cavity. The panels 58 are also comprised oE elongated t~ood flakes aligned such that substantially all of the flakes of the panels are positioned with their longitudinal axis generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated panels and the longitudinal axis of the elongated structural member 50.
Various features of the invention are set forth in the following cla;ms.
parallel to the longitudinal axes of the panels 36.
The elongated pole 34 further includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart rigicl planar octa-gonal diaphragms 3~ housed in the elongated central cavity 39 oE the pole 34 and intended to increase the strength of the pole. While the octagonal diaphragms 38 could be comprised of a plurality of materials, in a preferred form of the invention, the octagonal diaphragms 38 are comprised of composite ~ood mate.ial such as that comprising the panels 36.
Illustrated in Fig. 2 is another alternative embodiment of an elon~gated structural me~,ber embodying tlle invention. The elongated structural member 40 shown therein comprises a hollow elon~ated cross arm of the type commonly employed with utility poles and used to support telephone lines or power lines. More particularly, the cross beam 40 is comprised of our planar elongated panels 42 each comprised of composite -t~ood material produced in the manner described above. The elongated panels 42 are arranged in the manner shown in cross section in Fig. 3 and are fixedly joined together by a suitable interface adhesive 44 of the type previously described . It should be understood that the panels 42 could also be secured together by other suitable joining means.
As in the case oE the elongated hollow pole shown in Figs. 1 and 4-6, the elongated panels 42 of the structural member 40 are comprised of elongated wood flakes aligned such that substanti-ally all of the flakes are positioned with their longitudinal axis generally parallel to the longi-tudinal axis of the elongated panels and with the -~
flakes oriented so as to define planes substantially parallel to the plane of the elongated panel defined by the flakes.
Fig. 12 illustrates a furthec alternative embodiment of an elongated structural member o the in~ention, the elongated structural member 50 shown therein being comprised oE a plurality of longitu-, dinal section 52, 54 and 56 mutually arranged in telescoping relationship. Each of the telescoping --sections 52, 54 and 56 is comprised of a plurali~y of elongated panels 58~ the panels 58 being fixedly joined together in such a manner as to form an elongated central cavity. The panels 58 are also comprised oE elongated t~ood flakes aligned such that substantially all of the flakes of the panels are positioned with their longitudinal axis generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated panels and the longitudinal axis of the elongated structural member 50.
Various features of the invention are set forth in the following cla;ms.
Claims (13)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An elongated structural member having a longitudinal axis and comprising a plurality of elongated planar panels having lateral edges, said panels being arranged to form an elongated central cavity and said lateral edges of adjacent panels being fixedly joined together, said elongated panels each being comprised of a plurality of wood particles intermixed with a suitable binder and compressed to form a densified product, said wood particles comprising elongated wood flakes having a length of about 0.5 to about 3.5 inches, a width of about 0.1 to about 0.5 inches, and a thickness of about 0.01 to about 0.05 inches, and said wood flakes each having a longitudinal axis, the grain direction of said wood flakes being aligned parallel with said longitudinal axis of the wood flakes, and said wood flakes being longitudinally aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of said elongated structural member, and said wood flakes being generally planar and lying in planes parallel to the major plane of the panels.
2. An elongated structural member as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said lateral edges of adjacent elongated planar panels are adhesively bonded together in abutting relationship.
3. An elongated structural member as set forth in Claim l wherein said binder comprises an organic polyisocyanate having at least two active isocyanate groups per molecule.
4. An elongated structural member having a longitudinal axis and comprising a plurality of elongated planar panels fixedly joined together to form an elongated central cavity, said elongated panels each comprised of a plurality of elongated wood flakes intermixed with a suitable binder and compressed to form a densified product, said elongated wood flakes having a length of about 0.5 to about 3.5 inches, a width of about 0.1 to about 0.5 inches, and a thickness of about 0.01 to about 0.05 inches, and said wood flakes having a longitudinal axis and a grain direction extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated flakes, said elongated wood flakes being aligned substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated structural member, and said wood flakes each being generally planar and defining substantially parallel planes parallel to the major planes of the panels.
5. An elongated structural member as set forth in Claim 4 and wherein each of said elongated planar panels includes opposite lateral edges, the edges of adjacent elongated panels being in opposed relationship and being adhesively bonded together.
6. An elongated structural member as set forth in Claim 4 wherein said binder comprises an organic polyisocyanate having at least two active isocyanate groups per molecule.
7. An elongated pole having a longitudinal axis and comprising a plurality of elongated panels each having lateral edges, the lateral edges of said elongated panels being fixedly joined together in abutting relationship and forming an elongated central cavity therein, each of said elongated panels being comprised of a plurality of wood flakes intermixed with a binder and compressed to form a densified product, said wood flakes having a length of about 0.5 inches to about 3.5 inches, an average width of about 0.1 to about 0.5 inches, and a thickness of about 0.01 to about 0.06 inches, and said wood flakes having a longitudinal axis, the grain direction of said wood flakes being aligned parallel with said longitudinal axis, and said wood flakes being aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of said elongated pole.
8. An elongated pole as set forth in Claim 7 wherein said plurality of elongated panels are each planar and are comprised of a plurality of planar layers laminated together, each planar layer being comprised of wood flakes intermixed with a binder and compressed to form a densified material, said flakes being generally planar and defining planes generally parallel to the planes defined by said layers.
9. An elongated pole as set forth in Claim 8 and wherein said elongated panels have a tapered thickness, the thickness of one end of each of said elongated panels being greater at one end of said elongated pole that the thickness of said panels at the opposite end of said elongated pole.
10. An elongated pole as set forth in Claim 7 and wherein said elongated panels have a tapered thickness, the thickness of one end of each of said elongated panels being greater at one end of said elongated pole than the thickness of said panels at the opposite end of said elongated pole.
11. An elongated structural member as set forth in Claim 7 wherein said binder comprises an organic polyisocyanate having at least two active isocyanate groups per molecule.
12. An elongated structural member having a longitudinal axis and being comprised of a plurality of longitudinal sections arranged in telescoping relation and fixedly joined together, said longitudinal sections each being comprised of a plurality of elongated planar panels fixedly joined together to form an elongated central cavity, said elongated panels each comprised of a plurality of elongated wood flakes intermixed with a suitable binder and compressed to form a densified product, said wood flakes having a length of about 0.5 inches to about 3.5 inclures, a width of about 0.1 to about 0.5 inches and a thickness of aobut 0.01 to about 0.05 inches, and said elongated wood flakes having a longitudinal axis and a grain direction extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated flakes, said elongated wood flakes being aligned substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated structural member, and said wood flakes being planar and lying in parallel planes.
13. An elongated structural member as set forth in in Claim 12 wherein said binder comprises an organic polyisocyanate having at least two active isocyanate groups per molecule.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000402715A CA1184014A (en) | 1982-05-11 | 1982-05-11 | Elongated structural members comprised of composite wood material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000402715A CA1184014A (en) | 1982-05-11 | 1982-05-11 | Elongated structural members comprised of composite wood material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1184014A true CA1184014A (en) | 1985-03-19 |
Family
ID=4122752
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000402715A Expired CA1184014A (en) | 1982-05-11 | 1982-05-11 | Elongated structural members comprised of composite wood material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1184014A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014182231A1 (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-13 | Bo-Gunnar Dahl | Tower |
| WO2017058095A1 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-04-06 | Olivegren Form Ab | Fibre composite section and assembly |
| WO2020149784A1 (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | Modvion Ab | Laminated wood tower and method for assembly of a laminated wood tower |
-
1982
- 1982-05-11 CA CA000402715A patent/CA1184014A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014182231A1 (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-13 | Bo-Gunnar Dahl | Tower |
| WO2017058095A1 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-04-06 | Olivegren Form Ab | Fibre composite section and assembly |
| WO2020149784A1 (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-07-23 | Modvion Ab | Laminated wood tower and method for assembly of a laminated wood tower |
| US12006713B2 (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2024-06-11 | Modvion Ab | Laminated wood tower and method for assembly of a laminated wood tower |
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