CA1193620A - Guide d'ondes optiques, et materiau et methode pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Guide d'ondes optiques, et materiau et methode pour sa fabrication

Info

Publication number: CA1193620A
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: dopant; glass; temperature; solvent; article
Prior art date: 1975-11-26
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired

Application number

CA000426969A

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Pedro B. Macedo

Theodore A. Litovitz

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Individual

Original Assignee

Individual

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1975-11-26

Filing date

1983-04-28

Publication date

1985-09-17

1975-11-26 Priority claimed from US05/635,727 external-priority patent/US4110096A/en

1976-03-10 Priority claimed from CA000247545A external-priority patent/CA1063352A/fr

1983-04-28 Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual

1985-09-17 Application granted granted Critical

1985-09-17 Publication of CA1193620A publication Critical patent/CA1193620A/fr

Status Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 12
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 66
239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 139
239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
239000006121 base glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 78
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 67
238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 41
229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 38
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 36
238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 32
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 30
239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 28
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 25
239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 22
NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium nitrate Inorganic materials [Cs+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 12
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 10
238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 10
238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 10
NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 9
238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 7
-1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 4
RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 4
DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical class [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
241001550206 Colla Species 0.000 description 1
241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Inorganic materials [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
150000001639 boron compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229920006240 drawn fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000013332 literature search Methods 0.000 description 1
230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Nd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O CFYGEIAZMVFFDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000012457 nonaqueous media Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1

Landscapes

Glass Compositions (AREA)

CA000426969A 1975-11-26 1983-04-28 Guide d'ondes optiques, et materiau et methode pour sa fabrication Expired CA1193620A (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US05/635,727 US4110096A (en)	1974-04-22	1975-11-26	Method of precipitation of a dopant in a porous silicate glass
CA000247545A CA1063352A (fr)	1975-03-18	1976-03-10	Methode de production d'un guide d'ondes impregne

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA000370570A Division CA1150737A (fr)	1975-03-18	1981-02-10	Guide d'ondes optiques, et methode et compositions de fabrication connexes

Publications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA1193620A true CA1193620A (fr)	1985-09-17

Family

ID=25668232

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA000426969A Expired CA1193620A (fr)	1975-11-26	1983-04-28	Guide d'ondes optiques, et materiau et methode pour sa fabrication

Country Status (1)

Country	Link
CA (1)	CA1193620A (fr)

1983
- 1983-04-28 CA CA000426969A patent/CA1193620A/fr not_active Expired

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
2002-09-17	MKEX	Expiry

Publication	Publication Date	Title
US4110093A (en)	1978-08-29	Method for producing an impregnated waveguide
US4110096A (en)	1978-08-29	Method of precipitation of a dopant in a porous silicate glass
CA1063352A (fr)	1979-10-02	Methode de production d'un guide d'ondes impregne
US3938974A (en)	1976-02-17	Method of producing optical wave guide fibers
CA2051104C (fr)	1996-05-14	Verre de quartz dope avec du metal du groupe des lanthanides
US4225330A (en)	1980-09-30	Process for producing glass member
US4493720A (en)	1985-01-15	Process for producing doped vitreous silica for preparing a preform for an optical fibre
US4302231A (en)	1981-11-24	Method of producing a glass article having a graded refractive index profile of a parabolic nature
US4236930A (en)	1980-12-02	Optical waveguide and method and compositions for producing same
US4181403A (en)	1980-01-01	Optical fiber with compression surface layer
US4188198A (en)	1980-02-12	Joint doping of porous glasses to produce materials with high modifier concentrations
EP0094810B1 (fr)	1988-08-24	Procédé de fabrication d'un produit en verre possédant un gradient d'indice de réfraction
CA1160845A (fr)	1984-01-24	Methode de production d'un guide d'ondes optique
EP0165253B1 (fr)	1989-01-11	Fabrication d'un article en verre a haute teneur en silice
US4313748A (en)	1982-02-02	Method for producing a strengthened glass structural member
US4319905A (en)	1982-03-16	Method of leaching glass preforms
US4299608A (en)	1981-11-10	Joint doping of porous glasses to produce materials with high modifier concentrations
US4220682A (en)	1980-09-02	Strengthened glass structural member
CA1150737A (fr)	1983-07-26	Guide d'ondes optiques, et methode et compositions de fabrication connexes
CA1113839A (fr)	1981-12-08	Obtention de produits capables de guider l'influx lumineux
IE44145B1 (en)	1981-08-26	Strengthened glass articles and methods for producing them
CA1083183A (fr)	1980-08-05	Dopage double de verre poreux donnant un produit tres concentre en modificateurs
CA1075910A (fr)	1980-04-22	Membre de charpente en verre renforce, et methode connexe de production
US4362542A (en)	1982-12-07	Method of producing a strong optical fiber
JPS6152089B2 (fr)	1986-11-12