CA1302155C - Process and device for applying marking lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a binding agent - Google Patents
Process and device for applying marking lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a binding agentInfo
- Publication number
- CA1302155C CA1302155C CA000535041A CA535041A CA1302155C CA 1302155 C CA1302155 C CA 1302155C CA 000535041 A CA000535041 A CA 000535041A CA 535041 A CA535041 A CA 535041A CA 1302155 C CA1302155 C CA 1302155C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- web
- cylinder
- mineral fibre
- accordance
- heating elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 79
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001052209 Cylinder Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
- E04D13/1625—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for supporting the insulating material between the purlins or rafters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
- B44B5/02—Dies; Accessories
- B44B5/028—Heated dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B7/00—Machines, apparatus or hand tools for branding, e.g. using radiant energy such as laser beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
- E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
- E04B1/7662—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres comprising fiber blankets or batts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/741—Insulation elements with markings, e.g. identification or cutting template
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Process and device for applying marking lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a binding agent Markings are to be applied to the surface (41) of a web of mineral fibre (38), running at right angles to its longitudinal direction or the direction of travel.
For this purpose, a cylinder (1) is envisaged with heating areas around the circumference corresponding in shape and position to the markings to be applied; these heating areas take the form of heating elements (26), which rotate at such a speed that the heating elements (26) or marking ribs (30) provided on the heating ele-ments roll over the surface (41) of the web of mineral fibre (38) without slipping, as a result of the contact.
The heating elements (26) or, where appropriate, the marking strips (30) are made of metal, and are heated electrically by tubular heating elements (31) located on the inside, to such a temperature that contact with the surface (41) of the web of mineral fibre (38) causes a shallow zone of disintegration (43) corresponding to the shape of the marking strips (30), in which the binding agent of the web of mineral fibre (38) disintegrates and forms an optically visible marking line through scorch-ing. The cylinder (1) can be driven either by a d.c.
motor synchronously with the line speed of the web of mineral fibre (38), or by being transported by the sur-face (41) of the web of mineral fibre (38).
(Fig. 2)
Process and device for applying marking lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a binding agent Markings are to be applied to the surface (41) of a web of mineral fibre (38), running at right angles to its longitudinal direction or the direction of travel.
For this purpose, a cylinder (1) is envisaged with heating areas around the circumference corresponding in shape and position to the markings to be applied; these heating areas take the form of heating elements (26), which rotate at such a speed that the heating elements (26) or marking ribs (30) provided on the heating ele-ments roll over the surface (41) of the web of mineral fibre (38) without slipping, as a result of the contact.
The heating elements (26) or, where appropriate, the marking strips (30) are made of metal, and are heated electrically by tubular heating elements (31) located on the inside, to such a temperature that contact with the surface (41) of the web of mineral fibre (38) causes a shallow zone of disintegration (43) corresponding to the shape of the marking strips (30), in which the binding agent of the web of mineral fibre (38) disintegrates and forms an optically visible marking line through scorch-ing. The cylinder (1) can be driven either by a d.c.
motor synchronously with the line speed of the web of mineral fibre (38), or by being transported by the sur-face (41) of the web of mineral fibre (38).
(Fig. 2)
Description
13~
~ Process and device for aPplyinq marking lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a bindinq aqent The invention concerns a process for applying mark-ing lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a binding agent, in accordance with the characterising clause of Claim 1.
Such a process is known from DE-OS 32 29 601. The marking lines to be applied there run in a longitudinal direction along the mineral fibre web, i.e. in the di-rection in which it is transported or produced. To avoid applying dye with a relatively complex application tech-nique, using a large amount of material, and possible influencing the fire behaviour, a brand mark is produced by directing a tightly bunched flame or a tightly bunched jet of hot air at a temperature of 600C, for example, at the surface of the web of mineral fibre, which in its core area heats up the binding agent on the surface of the web of mineral fibre until it reaches its disintegration temperature, thus scorching it. To pro-duce a continuous longitudinal marking line parallel to the edge of the web, it is thus only necessary to ar-range a corresponding hot-air jet or lance of flame over the running web of mineral fibre.
Such a process is, however, limited to applying marking lines parallel to the edge; to produce marking lines running vertically to the side edges, it would no longer be possible for the hot-air jet or the like to be arranged in a stationary position, but instead it would have to travel across the web of mineral fibre at an angle, and at the same time it would have to be moved with the web of mineral fibre; this, however, would require highly complex plant engineering and control techniques in particular if definitive and constant dis-tances between the markings were to be achieved. Fur-thermore, such a flame or jet of hot air does not only cause the binding agent to disintegrate on the immediate surface area alone, but unavoidably also produces a not ~`
~
13~Z~S
inconsiderable deep action. In this way, a zone is cre-ated which penetrates to a greater or lesser depth into the web of mineral fibre, and in which no binding agent is effective. This does not cause any harm in the case known in the art, since this zone runs horizontally along the web and is thus not exposed to any forces acting crosswise to the direction of the marking line.
Since such webs of mineral fibre are às a rule wound up into a roll and are stored and transported in roll form, forces occur on any zones with no binding agents lying crosswise to the longitudinal extension of the web of mineral fibre: if the marked side is outside in the roll, the material tends to gape open at the marking line, whereas if it is inside, the material tends to be compressed. This can lead to a weakening of the product as a result of a partial disintegration of the fibre compound in the region of the marking line in the case of tensile forces, or increased flexing work in the re-gion of the marking line when pressure is applied. Such a weakening is undesirable, particularly when after the roll is opened the material is supposed to have a homo-geneous, slab-like consistency, which is the case ac-cording to the parallel German patent application No. 36 12 858.9-25.
From DE-OS 34 46 406, the principle is known of using a cylinder as the heating device. This heating de-vice in the form of a cylinder is not, however, used to apply marking lines, but to produce tack points that penetrate deep into the material of the web of mineral fibre, by locally softening the mineral fibres and thus fusing them together. For this purpose, the surface around the circumference of the cylinder has rows of openings through which the hot gas escapes like a lance at high temperatures of up to 1,000C as a rule. The surface around the circumference of the cylinder rests on the surface of the web of mineral fibre, and the cyl-inder rotates at a speed corresponding to the transport speed of the web of mineral fibre. Hot gas is only per-_, . . . . .
mitted to escape from a row of holes when the latter are 13~Z~5 in the region of the lower apex of the cylinder, so that the hot gas proceeding from each opening penetrates the web of mineral fibre like a lance and forms tack points.
The depth of penetration here can be increased by cre-ating a partial vacuum on the opposite side of the web of mineral fibre.
Such a device is not used for applying marking lines, nor is it appropriate for producing marking lines which practically have no influence on the behaviour of the mineral fibre material at the marking point. While it is possible to reduce the great depth of penetration that is desired in this known case by restricting the supply of hot gas, it is nevertheless considerable in every case when so much energy is to be applied by a local flow of hot gas during the contact time as to pro-duce a deep discolouration. Furthermore, it is difficult to control the lateral limit of the area in which the hot gas is effective, particularly in view of the fact that the effect is produced while the cylinder is rotat-ing, which means that it changes direction. Precisely when the hot gas is flowing with a restricted throughput in order to reduce the depth of penetration, lateral flows become important, because they also produce a par-tial disintegration of the binding agent near the edge of the marking, and thus lead to a blurred delimitation of the marking.
Proceeding from the state of the art as per DE-OS
32 29 601, the invention is based on the task of creat-ing a process and a device which make it possible to apply marking lines to a surface of a web of mineral fi-bre, running at right angles to the edges, in as simple and reliable a manner as possible, and which make it possible to apply clearly delimited marking lines at precise and constant distances from one another, while keeping the depth of penetration of the disintegration phenomena low.
.. ,.. -- . . . . .
. .
~30~iS
This task is solved from the point of view of pro-cess technology by the characterising features of Claim 1, and from the point of view of the device technology by the characterising features of Claim 6.
For this purpose, resort is first had to the con-cept of using a cylinder in accordance with DE-OS 34 46 406, resting on the web of mineral fibre. Instead of us-ing hot gas for the local disintegration of the binding agent, however, the surface of the cylinder is heated locally. Such a clearly delimited area of heat in the form of a line parallel to the axis, with a correspond-ingly higher temperature, produces a heating effect on the mineral fibre material mainly by conduction, with a correspondingly sharp fall in temperature penetrating into the heat-insulating mineral fibre material, so that the area of disinteqration remains restricted to a shal-low surface region. Furthermore, towards the sides, the heating effect also falls sharply, especially since it is possible to cool the material by means of the unheat-ed neighbouring areas on the surface of the circumfer-ence of the cylinder, which produces a sharply delimited outline. Since the heating areas around the circumfer-ence of the cylinder are constructed at fixed intervals, and since the web of mineral fibre and the circumference surface of the cylinder travel at synchronous speeds, the marking lines produced are always the same distance apart. However, depending on the gearing relationship between the cylinder and the surface of the web of min-eral fibre, the distances between the marking lines pro-duced on the web of mineral fibre can deviate slightly from the distances between the heating areas on the cir-cumference surface of the cylinder; such a deviation between two neighbouring marking lines can hardly be measured, but over a number of marking lines, it can add up to a size that is relevant if, for example, the 20-fold nominal distance between the marking lines is to be determined by counting off 20 marking lines: here, in-stead of the theoretical figure of 20 x 100 mm = 2 m, a .. . .. . . .. .. ..
~3~ ïS
deviating distance of 1.96 m, for example, could be re-corded. In order to exclude even these deviations, which though minimal nevertheless add up to relevant values, the cylinder can be rotated at a circumference speed that deviates slightly from the speed at which the web of mineral fibre is travelling, so that in this way such minor imprecisions can be compensated for by the layout between the cylinder and the web of mineral fibre.
Since the energy drain from the heated areas is restricted to the amount necessary to produce a dis-integration of the binding agent over a clearly limited local area and only in a shallow layer of the surface, the energy consumption is kept to a minimum.
In a particularly practical version of the inven-tion, the cylinder is pressed into the surface of the web of mineral fibre in accordance with Claim 2, in or-der to form a depression. The concomitant contact pres-sure results in an improvement in the conductive heat transfer from the heating area to the mineral fibres.
Furthermore, the fact that the impression results in the formation of a depression means that the contact time between the heating area and the mineral fibres is leng-thened, which likewise improves the heat transfer. In this way, when the web of mineral fibre is travelling at a certain speed, the heat transfer can be adapted to what is needed in order to form a clear mark, without applying too much heat to the web of mineral fibre: at a very slow transport speed, the cylinder is only pressed against the web with a slight pressure, which reduces the contact pressure and contact distance, so that the desired amount of heat is applied, taking into conside-ration the relatively long contact time that is avail-able in the case of a slow transport speed, whereas at a high transport speed, the amount of heat transferred in the short time available is correspondingly increased by raising the contact pressure and lengthening the contact distance. Since it is practical to apply the marking already on the production line, the speed of which is dictated by the production conditions, this means that iS
there is such a degree of freedom in adapting the mark-ing conditions to the respective production speed that whatever production speeds occur, there is a sufficient, but not too great application of heat to the web of mineral fibre. It goes without saying that the amount of heat applied to the web of mineral fibre can also be influenced - completely or additionally - by controlling the temperature of the heating areas. However, bearing in mind the heat load on the cylinder on the one hand, and the heat load on the web of mineral fibre at the contact point with the heating areas on the other hand, there is a relatively narrow ideal temperature range, which should be maintained if at all possible. By ad-justing the depth to which the cylinder penetrates the surface of the web of mineral fibre, it is possible cor-respondingly to adapt the amount of heat applied, with-out the temperature of the heating areas having to leave the ideal operating range.
Especially when there is a fixed given production speed for a particular web of mineral fibre with a con-stant bulk density and a constant binding agent content, and also when the transport speed of the web of mineral fibre can be selected freely, there may be no need to adapt the amount of heat applied to varying conditions, or if it only needs to be adjusted within a narrow range, this can be done by controlling the temperature alone. In such a case, it is possible to construct a particular~y simple version of the device by having the cylinder pressing on the web of mineral fibre under its own weight. Measures to vary the weight support during operation can be made unnecessary if the weight of the cylinder is adapted to the given transport speed, or if the latter is adapted to the weight of the cylinder. If necessary, the effective weight of the cylinder can be reduced to a desired level by using a counterbalance.
13~ 2~
The measure described in Claim 4 likewise makes it possible considerably to simplify the constructive design of a device necessary to implement the process, since no drive unit is needed in operation, and the most that is required is a simple drive unit to pre-heat the cylinder when it is in a raised inoperative position, in order to ensure that the heating areas arranged around the circumference of the cylinder are heated up evenly.
Using the measure described in Claim 5, broken marking lines - dotted lines, as it were - can be pro-duced. As a rule, these fulfil their purpose and make it possible to work with individual shorter heating areas placed at a distance from one another, which, in view of their smaller extension, avoid problems that might oc-cur, for example, when the heat expansion adds up in a longitudinal direction. In addition, the energy consump-tion is reduced and any impairment of the consistency of the material as a result of tensile or pressure loads on the fibres in the roll is avoided because of the fact that there are sections of completely uninfluenced mate-rial.
A device that is especially suitable for implement-ing the process according to the invention is distin-guished in detail by the characterising features of Claim 6. Here, heating elements constitute a particular-ly convenient constructive method of creating the heat-ing areas necessary according to the process. To create straight marking lines, heating elements running in a straight line can be used; however, it is also possible to create other marks, such as grids, monograms or the like, if the heating elements are shaped in accordance with the outline of the mark required in each case.
By using the measures described in Claim 7, energy losses by heat radiation or heat conduction from the heating elements are reduced to a minimum; at the same time, the fact that the heating elements are enclosed especially around the edges in the material of the h 13~21~;5 mounts, which has good heat-insulating properties, re-sults in a sharp delimitation of the heating areas and ensures that the marking lines have clean edges.
If in accordance with Claim 8 the heating elements stand out a short distance from the surface of the cir-cumference of the cylinder, the air surrounding the heating elements cools down the mineral fibre material bordering the marking strips during the marking process, which helps to produce clean edges to the marking lines.
Furthermore, especially when the cylinder is impressed more deeply into the web of mineral fibre, the driving effect of the mineral fibre material on the cylinder is increased, since protruding edges of the heating ele-ments encourage the driving effect.
If in accordance with Claim 9 the heating elements can be heated by means of electrical tubular heating el-ements, this provides considerable constructive freedom in designing the heating elements. A tubular heating element which is available commercially can be used; it is then possible to achieve low acquisition costs and high operating reliability, without its outer shape limiting the freedom of construction for the heating elements. In principle, however, any kind of suitable heating device can be used, including a unit that works without contact, i.e. by induction, as long as it is en-sured that the desired heating can be produced locally in the heating areas.
A particularly practical version of the construc-tion can be produced in accordance with Claim 10 by using an internal support frame for the cylinder in the form of a cylindrical polygon. Using a simple method of construction, each straight surface of the polygon can be a support for the mount and the fittings of a heating element.
The driving speed of the cylinder can easily be synchronised with that of the conveyor or production line by using a d.c. motor to drive the cylinder. If, however, in accordance with Claim 4 the cylinder is i.
~3~ S
_ 9 _ caused to rotate as a result of being transported by the web of mineral fibre, then in accordance with Claim ll it is more practical to use an electric motor in the form of a three-phase current motor, with a free-wheel-ing system, which ensures that the cylinder rotates at a continuous slow speed during the heating-up phase, at an uncritical number of revolutions so that the heating elements are heated up evenly, its free-wheeling system means that the motor can be overtaken as soon as the cylinder is pressing on the web of mineral fibre and is driven by the latter at a higher speed. Every time the operations are interrupted, the electric motor then continues to turn the raised cylinder in order to ensure that the heating elements always heat up evenly.
In particular when the cylinder is impressed into the web of mineral fibre with varying force in accord-ance with Claim 2, to adapt it to different transport speeds of the web of mineral fibre, Claim 12 provides for the position of the cylinder's bearing mount to remain positively adjustable by means of a variable ad-justing pinion. In this way, it is possible at all times precisely to adjust the degree of impression of the cyl-inder on the web of mineral fibre, in such a way that the markings are formed optimally, depending on the transport speed of the web of mineral fibre at any par-ticular time.
It is appropriate for the adjusting pinion to have at least one threaded spindle in accordance with Claim 13, which can be driven for example by means of an elec-tric stepping motor, in order to guarantee that an un-problematic precise adjustment by remote control can be achieved and maintained. It is best for the threaded spindles to engage in a supporting mount for the bearing mount, which like the bearing mount can be raised and lowered. In accordance with Claim 14, this supporting mount is connected to the bearing mount via an air-oil drive, and the bearing mount can be moved between an operating position and an inoperative position by the air-oil drive. In this way, it is possible to switch the A
13~2~
cylinder quickly by remote control between the lowered operating position and the raised inoperative position, also for an emergency stop, whereas the fine adjustment of the position of the cylinder relative to the web of mineral fibre in the operating position is made by means of the adjusting pinion, the position of which does not need to be changed during breaks in operations or other interruptions.
Further details, characteristics and advantages of the invention can be seen from the following description of a sample version as shown in the drawing.
Fig. 1 shows a side view of one end part of a device in accordance with the invention, Fig. 2 shows a transverse view, partially in the form of a section, of part of the cylinder of a de-vice in accordance with the invention lying on the surface of the web o~ mineral fibre, and Fig. 3 shows a simplified diagrammatic view in perspec-tive of the cylinder in accordance with Fig. 2.
In Fig. 1, "1" indicates a cylinder as shown in an enlarged form with details in Fig. 2, and in a simpli-fied diagrammatic view in perspective in Fig. 3. Fig. 1 simply shows the left-hand end of the cylinder 1 in the example case; it goes without saying that there is a corresponding method of mounting the cylinder at the opposite end. In addition, in Fig. 1, "2" indicates a shaft which is connected to the cylinder 1, and serves to bear it. The cylinder 1 is borne by the shaft 2 on a bearing mount 3 via two-sided bearings 4. Outside the bearings 4, the shaft 2 enters an electric junction box 5, in which in accordance with the art current is sup-plied to the rotating parts of the cylinder 1 by means of slip rings 6, which are shown diagrammatically.
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The cylinder l can be turned in the bearing 4 via the shaft 2. To provide the rotary drive, an electric motor 7 is included, which runs on bearings at the bear-i.ng mount 3, and which has a driving pinion 8 to drive a driving toothed wheel 9 by means of a toothed belt; the driving toothed wheel 9 is connected to the shaft 2 in such a way that it cannot slip. In this way, the cylin-der 1 can be set in rotary motion in the bearings 4.
The bearing mount 3 can be moved up and down on the columns 10 of a stationary portal, the whole of which is numbered ll. Correspondingly, there is a supporting mount 12 with a tie-bar 13, which can be moved up and down on the columns 10. The bearing mount 3 is joined to the supporting mount 12 by means of air-oil drives 14, for example in the form of pneumatic cylinders 15, which are borne on the tie-bar 13, and whose piston rods 16 engage with the bearing mount 3 at 17. When the support-ing mount 12 is fixed, this means that if the piston rods 16 are withdrawn into the air-oil cylinder 15, the bearing mount 3 is raised together with the cylinder l, so that the bearing mount 3 comes to rest in a raised inoperative position, whereas the lowered position of the bearing mount 3 as shown in the diagram is the ope-rating position, which is illustrated in more detail in Fig. 2.
The supporting mount 12 is in turn connected to a tie-bar 19 of the fixed portal 11 via adjusting pinions 18. The adjusting pinions 18, for example in the form of threaded spindles 20 are operated by an electric motor 21, for example in the form of a step-by-step motor and gearing 22. Using the adjusting spindles 18, the height of the tie-bar 13 and the supporting mount 12 can be fi-nally adjusted in the desired position. When the piston rod 16 of the air-oil drives 14 is extended, this re-sults in fixing the corresponding height of the cylinder 1. By operating the air-oil drives 14, the cylinder 1 can be lowered to this predetermined operating position or raised to an inoperative position without changing the position of the supporting mount 12, which would 13~21~S
mean that the pre-set fine adjustment would be cancel-led.
Fig. 2 shows a transverse view of the lower part of the cylinder 1, partially in the form of a section, in the operating position. As is clear from the diagram, the cylinder 1 has a support frame 23 in the form of a polygon, which in the example case is in the form of an icosagon, with mounts 25 for heating elements 26 fixed with screws 27 to its flat lateral surfaces 24. The heating elements 26 have a mounting frame 28 arranged inside the mounts 25 and marking ribs 30 protruding from the surface of the circumference (numbered 29) of the cylinder 1. The heating elements 26 consist of a suit-able metal with good heat-conducting properties, and in the region of their mounting frame 28 they have a recess 31, which is round in the example case, to receive ordi-nary tubular heating elements 32 - similar to the heat-ing coils of immersion heaters. To install the tubular heating elements 32, the heating elements 26 are de-signed with a split in a plane 33 radial to the axis of the cylinder 1, in such a way that the parts 26a and 26b of the heating elements 26 which are formed in this way are connected with one another by means of suitable countersunk screws 34 and 35. After the tubular heating elements 32 have been installed in the recess 31 of the two open parts 26a and 26b of the heating elements 26, the heating elements 26 are first assembled by inserting the screws 34 and 35, and are then inserted in the mounts 25. Then the mounts 25 are fitted with covering plates 36 on their outer side, i.e. on the circumference side; the covering plates 36 overlap the shoulders 37 of the mounting frame 28 of each heating element 26, and thus keep it firmly in the mount 25.
The mounts 25 and the covering plates 36 consist of a suitable material with bad heat-conducting properties, such as a fibrous or fibre-containing compressed materi-al on the basis of asbestos or asbestos substitute, in order to prevent a loss of heat from the heating ele-ments 26, and to protect the areas of the circumference A
surface 29 on both sides of the marking ribs 30 against heating up and transferring heat to the mineral fibre material of the web of mineral fibre, which is numbered 38. In this way, all the sides of the heating elements 26 lying within the circumference surface ~9 of the cylinder 1 are surrounded by heat-insulating material.
Each heating element 26 has a recess 39 to receive an earthing cable. At least one of the heating elements 26 also has a recess 40 in the region of its marking rib 30 to receive a thermo-probe. Controlling the tempera-ture by means of the thermo-probe and supplying current to the tubular heating elements 32 is done via the slip rings 6 (cf. Fig. 1). Because the ideal formation of the markings can be finely adjusted by varying the pressure of the cylinder 1 on the web of mineral fibre 38, a tem-perature control using thermo-probes can also be dis-pensed with, however, and instead, only the current fed to the tubular heating elements 32 needs to be control-led. In stationary operation, a certain temperature re-sults which is suitable for producing the markings, and the ideal formation of the markings can be adjusted by the degree to which the cylinder 1 is impressed into the web of mineral fibre 38.
As can be seen from Fig. 3, the marking ribs 30 of the heating elements 26 and, if appropriate, the heating elements themselves only extend over part of the axial length of the cylinder 1, so that several marking ribs 30 form a broken line along a surface line of the cylin-der 1, and are arranged at an axial distance from one another. If the length of the heating elements 26 on the axial extension of the marking ribs 30 is limited, the result is a number of individual, shorter heating ele-ments with thermal expansions that are easy to control.
The heating elements 26 can then be connected to one another by leads or by a part of the tubular heating element 32, which needs to be insulated accordingly on the circumference side, and which connects the heating elements 26 more or less in the form of an arc. If on the other hand the heating elements 26 extend over the A
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entire axial length of the cylinder 1, and if the gaps necessary to break the marking are only present between the protruding sections of the heating elements 26, which are referred to as marking ribs 30, then a very robust and stable construction is the result, in which the tubular heating elements 32 are embedded in the heating elements 26 over their entire length.
It is preferable for the web of mineral fibre 38 to be of such a type as is explained in the framework of the German patent application giving rise to a right of priority, No. P 36 12 858.9-25. In the example case, let it thus be an unlined web of mineral fibre 38, 1,200 mm in width, and 6 m in length. Let the bulk density be between 10 and 30 kg/m3, in particular between 14 and 25 kg/m3 and in the concrete exampl~ case 18 kg/m3. As a binding agent, phenolic resin in particular can be used in a proportion of 6 to 7 % in weight of the dry binding agent in the product, and in the example case let the binding agent content of phenolic resin be 6.6 % in weight (dry). With regard to the properties and the application of such a web of mineral fibre 38, and with regard to other details, reference may be made to the full content of the patent application giving rise to a right of priority, No. P 36 12 858.9-25.
In operation, when the piston rods 16 are retract-ed, the cylinder 1 is caused to rotate above the surface (numbered 41) of the web of mineral fibre 38 by the electric motor 7; in the process, the heating elements 26 are preheated to a desired temperature by feeding current to the tubular heating elements 32; if neces-sary, the temperature can be monitored by thermo-probes.
The rotation during the preheating phase ensures an even loss of heat by the~ individual heating elements 26 and marking ribs 30, and thus that they are heated up evenly without the need for an individual temperature control on each individual heating element 26. At the beginning of the production processl the piston rods 16 are ex-tended, and the cylinder 1 is lowered on to the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38; in the process, the 13U~ ~5 electric motor 21 and the adjusting pinions 18 can beused to achieve a fine adjustment of the height of the cylinder 1 over the web of mineral fibre 38. It is prac-tical to choose such an adjustment here that the marking ribs 30 around the circumference of the cylinder 1 press into the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38, thus forming a depression 42. The deeper the depression 42 is pressed into a given web of mineral fibre 38, the great-er is the contact pressure and the duration of the ef-fect to improve the conductive heat transfer from the marking rib 30 to the mineral fibre material. It is typ-ical for the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38 to be uncovered, which means that it is formed by the position of the tangle of mineral fibres themselves;
however, the surface 41 can also be lined, for example in the form of a non-woven fabric on the basis of mine-ral fibres, or consisting of other fibres.
It is typical for the marking rib 30 to have a tem-perature in the range of 400C; it produces a region indicated by the dotted line at 4i in which the binding agent disintegrates in the web of mineral fibre 38, which is scorched. In this way, corresponding to the pattern of the marking ribs 30 visible from Fig. 3.
Marking lines are formed on the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38, which extend at right angles to the side edges of the web of mineral fibre 38. By fine ad-justments using the adjusting pinion 18, the heat trans-fer conditions can be controlled in such a way that a marking with sharp edges is produced which is clearly delimited optically, without there being any impairment of the material of the web of mineral fibre 38 going beyond a shallow region of disintegration 43.
Via the driving pinion 8 and the driving toothed wheel 9, the cylinder 1 can be permanently driven syn-chronously with the transport speed of the web of mine-ral fibre 38. It is then practical to use a d.c. motor as the electric motor 7. In the version illustrated, however, a three-phase current motor is used as the electric motor 7, which is connected to the driving 13~ 5 pinion 8 via a free-wheeling system 44 in such a way that when the cylinder l is driven by the web of mineral fibre 38, the speed of rotation of the cylinder 1 can overtake that of the electric motor 7. In this case, the electric motor 7 drive is used exclusively to maintain a minimum speed of rotation, which is uncritical from the point of view of the number of revolutions, when the drive from the web of mineral fibre 38 is lost in the raised inoperative position, in order to ensure that the heating elements 26 heat up evenly.
By operating the adjusting pinion 18, the heat transfer conditions between the marking ribs 30 and the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38 can be adjust-ed in the manner described to form optimum marking lines. At a predetermined transport speed and consisten-cy of the web of mineral fibre 38, it is, however, also possible to dispense with such a fine adjustment, because it is then possible to work with a fixed pre-setting of the degree of impression of the cylinder l into the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38. In this way, the construction to support the cylinder 1 can be considerably simplified. If moreover the weight of the cylinder l can be kept at such a level that the desired depth of penetration results simply from the weight of the cylinder 1 imposed on the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38, then the air-oil drives 14 can be switched to no pressure in the operating posi-tion, so that the cylinder 1 rests on the web of mineral fibre 38 simply with its own weight. In this case, too deep a penetration can be avoided by having the marking ribs 3~ not protruding by several millimetres (about 8 mm in the example case) from the regular surface 29 of the circumference of the cylinder 1, but lie within the regular circumference surface 29, so that the latter -for example in the form of the covering plates 36 -helps to bear the weight, which thus prevents too great a local penetration. The version illustrated, with the .
f~
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marking ribs 30 protruding from the surface 29 of the circumference, is, however, particularly well suited to having the cylinder 1 driven by the web of mineral fibre 38.
~ Process and device for aPplyinq marking lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a bindinq aqent The invention concerns a process for applying mark-ing lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a binding agent, in accordance with the characterising clause of Claim 1.
Such a process is known from DE-OS 32 29 601. The marking lines to be applied there run in a longitudinal direction along the mineral fibre web, i.e. in the di-rection in which it is transported or produced. To avoid applying dye with a relatively complex application tech-nique, using a large amount of material, and possible influencing the fire behaviour, a brand mark is produced by directing a tightly bunched flame or a tightly bunched jet of hot air at a temperature of 600C, for example, at the surface of the web of mineral fibre, which in its core area heats up the binding agent on the surface of the web of mineral fibre until it reaches its disintegration temperature, thus scorching it. To pro-duce a continuous longitudinal marking line parallel to the edge of the web, it is thus only necessary to ar-range a corresponding hot-air jet or lance of flame over the running web of mineral fibre.
Such a process is, however, limited to applying marking lines parallel to the edge; to produce marking lines running vertically to the side edges, it would no longer be possible for the hot-air jet or the like to be arranged in a stationary position, but instead it would have to travel across the web of mineral fibre at an angle, and at the same time it would have to be moved with the web of mineral fibre; this, however, would require highly complex plant engineering and control techniques in particular if definitive and constant dis-tances between the markings were to be achieved. Fur-thermore, such a flame or jet of hot air does not only cause the binding agent to disintegrate on the immediate surface area alone, but unavoidably also produces a not ~`
~
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inconsiderable deep action. In this way, a zone is cre-ated which penetrates to a greater or lesser depth into the web of mineral fibre, and in which no binding agent is effective. This does not cause any harm in the case known in the art, since this zone runs horizontally along the web and is thus not exposed to any forces acting crosswise to the direction of the marking line.
Since such webs of mineral fibre are às a rule wound up into a roll and are stored and transported in roll form, forces occur on any zones with no binding agents lying crosswise to the longitudinal extension of the web of mineral fibre: if the marked side is outside in the roll, the material tends to gape open at the marking line, whereas if it is inside, the material tends to be compressed. This can lead to a weakening of the product as a result of a partial disintegration of the fibre compound in the region of the marking line in the case of tensile forces, or increased flexing work in the re-gion of the marking line when pressure is applied. Such a weakening is undesirable, particularly when after the roll is opened the material is supposed to have a homo-geneous, slab-like consistency, which is the case ac-cording to the parallel German patent application No. 36 12 858.9-25.
From DE-OS 34 46 406, the principle is known of using a cylinder as the heating device. This heating de-vice in the form of a cylinder is not, however, used to apply marking lines, but to produce tack points that penetrate deep into the material of the web of mineral fibre, by locally softening the mineral fibres and thus fusing them together. For this purpose, the surface around the circumference of the cylinder has rows of openings through which the hot gas escapes like a lance at high temperatures of up to 1,000C as a rule. The surface around the circumference of the cylinder rests on the surface of the web of mineral fibre, and the cyl-inder rotates at a speed corresponding to the transport speed of the web of mineral fibre. Hot gas is only per-_, . . . . .
mitted to escape from a row of holes when the latter are 13~Z~5 in the region of the lower apex of the cylinder, so that the hot gas proceeding from each opening penetrates the web of mineral fibre like a lance and forms tack points.
The depth of penetration here can be increased by cre-ating a partial vacuum on the opposite side of the web of mineral fibre.
Such a device is not used for applying marking lines, nor is it appropriate for producing marking lines which practically have no influence on the behaviour of the mineral fibre material at the marking point. While it is possible to reduce the great depth of penetration that is desired in this known case by restricting the supply of hot gas, it is nevertheless considerable in every case when so much energy is to be applied by a local flow of hot gas during the contact time as to pro-duce a deep discolouration. Furthermore, it is difficult to control the lateral limit of the area in which the hot gas is effective, particularly in view of the fact that the effect is produced while the cylinder is rotat-ing, which means that it changes direction. Precisely when the hot gas is flowing with a restricted throughput in order to reduce the depth of penetration, lateral flows become important, because they also produce a par-tial disintegration of the binding agent near the edge of the marking, and thus lead to a blurred delimitation of the marking.
Proceeding from the state of the art as per DE-OS
32 29 601, the invention is based on the task of creat-ing a process and a device which make it possible to apply marking lines to a surface of a web of mineral fi-bre, running at right angles to the edges, in as simple and reliable a manner as possible, and which make it possible to apply clearly delimited marking lines at precise and constant distances from one another, while keeping the depth of penetration of the disintegration phenomena low.
.. ,.. -- . . . . .
. .
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This task is solved from the point of view of pro-cess technology by the characterising features of Claim 1, and from the point of view of the device technology by the characterising features of Claim 6.
For this purpose, resort is first had to the con-cept of using a cylinder in accordance with DE-OS 34 46 406, resting on the web of mineral fibre. Instead of us-ing hot gas for the local disintegration of the binding agent, however, the surface of the cylinder is heated locally. Such a clearly delimited area of heat in the form of a line parallel to the axis, with a correspond-ingly higher temperature, produces a heating effect on the mineral fibre material mainly by conduction, with a correspondingly sharp fall in temperature penetrating into the heat-insulating mineral fibre material, so that the area of disinteqration remains restricted to a shal-low surface region. Furthermore, towards the sides, the heating effect also falls sharply, especially since it is possible to cool the material by means of the unheat-ed neighbouring areas on the surface of the circumfer-ence of the cylinder, which produces a sharply delimited outline. Since the heating areas around the circumfer-ence of the cylinder are constructed at fixed intervals, and since the web of mineral fibre and the circumference surface of the cylinder travel at synchronous speeds, the marking lines produced are always the same distance apart. However, depending on the gearing relationship between the cylinder and the surface of the web of min-eral fibre, the distances between the marking lines pro-duced on the web of mineral fibre can deviate slightly from the distances between the heating areas on the cir-cumference surface of the cylinder; such a deviation between two neighbouring marking lines can hardly be measured, but over a number of marking lines, it can add up to a size that is relevant if, for example, the 20-fold nominal distance between the marking lines is to be determined by counting off 20 marking lines: here, in-stead of the theoretical figure of 20 x 100 mm = 2 m, a .. . .. . . .. .. ..
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deviating distance of 1.96 m, for example, could be re-corded. In order to exclude even these deviations, which though minimal nevertheless add up to relevant values, the cylinder can be rotated at a circumference speed that deviates slightly from the speed at which the web of mineral fibre is travelling, so that in this way such minor imprecisions can be compensated for by the layout between the cylinder and the web of mineral fibre.
Since the energy drain from the heated areas is restricted to the amount necessary to produce a dis-integration of the binding agent over a clearly limited local area and only in a shallow layer of the surface, the energy consumption is kept to a minimum.
In a particularly practical version of the inven-tion, the cylinder is pressed into the surface of the web of mineral fibre in accordance with Claim 2, in or-der to form a depression. The concomitant contact pres-sure results in an improvement in the conductive heat transfer from the heating area to the mineral fibres.
Furthermore, the fact that the impression results in the formation of a depression means that the contact time between the heating area and the mineral fibres is leng-thened, which likewise improves the heat transfer. In this way, when the web of mineral fibre is travelling at a certain speed, the heat transfer can be adapted to what is needed in order to form a clear mark, without applying too much heat to the web of mineral fibre: at a very slow transport speed, the cylinder is only pressed against the web with a slight pressure, which reduces the contact pressure and contact distance, so that the desired amount of heat is applied, taking into conside-ration the relatively long contact time that is avail-able in the case of a slow transport speed, whereas at a high transport speed, the amount of heat transferred in the short time available is correspondingly increased by raising the contact pressure and lengthening the contact distance. Since it is practical to apply the marking already on the production line, the speed of which is dictated by the production conditions, this means that iS
there is such a degree of freedom in adapting the mark-ing conditions to the respective production speed that whatever production speeds occur, there is a sufficient, but not too great application of heat to the web of mineral fibre. It goes without saying that the amount of heat applied to the web of mineral fibre can also be influenced - completely or additionally - by controlling the temperature of the heating areas. However, bearing in mind the heat load on the cylinder on the one hand, and the heat load on the web of mineral fibre at the contact point with the heating areas on the other hand, there is a relatively narrow ideal temperature range, which should be maintained if at all possible. By ad-justing the depth to which the cylinder penetrates the surface of the web of mineral fibre, it is possible cor-respondingly to adapt the amount of heat applied, with-out the temperature of the heating areas having to leave the ideal operating range.
Especially when there is a fixed given production speed for a particular web of mineral fibre with a con-stant bulk density and a constant binding agent content, and also when the transport speed of the web of mineral fibre can be selected freely, there may be no need to adapt the amount of heat applied to varying conditions, or if it only needs to be adjusted within a narrow range, this can be done by controlling the temperature alone. In such a case, it is possible to construct a particular~y simple version of the device by having the cylinder pressing on the web of mineral fibre under its own weight. Measures to vary the weight support during operation can be made unnecessary if the weight of the cylinder is adapted to the given transport speed, or if the latter is adapted to the weight of the cylinder. If necessary, the effective weight of the cylinder can be reduced to a desired level by using a counterbalance.
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The measure described in Claim 4 likewise makes it possible considerably to simplify the constructive design of a device necessary to implement the process, since no drive unit is needed in operation, and the most that is required is a simple drive unit to pre-heat the cylinder when it is in a raised inoperative position, in order to ensure that the heating areas arranged around the circumference of the cylinder are heated up evenly.
Using the measure described in Claim 5, broken marking lines - dotted lines, as it were - can be pro-duced. As a rule, these fulfil their purpose and make it possible to work with individual shorter heating areas placed at a distance from one another, which, in view of their smaller extension, avoid problems that might oc-cur, for example, when the heat expansion adds up in a longitudinal direction. In addition, the energy consump-tion is reduced and any impairment of the consistency of the material as a result of tensile or pressure loads on the fibres in the roll is avoided because of the fact that there are sections of completely uninfluenced mate-rial.
A device that is especially suitable for implement-ing the process according to the invention is distin-guished in detail by the characterising features of Claim 6. Here, heating elements constitute a particular-ly convenient constructive method of creating the heat-ing areas necessary according to the process. To create straight marking lines, heating elements running in a straight line can be used; however, it is also possible to create other marks, such as grids, monograms or the like, if the heating elements are shaped in accordance with the outline of the mark required in each case.
By using the measures described in Claim 7, energy losses by heat radiation or heat conduction from the heating elements are reduced to a minimum; at the same time, the fact that the heating elements are enclosed especially around the edges in the material of the h 13~21~;5 mounts, which has good heat-insulating properties, re-sults in a sharp delimitation of the heating areas and ensures that the marking lines have clean edges.
If in accordance with Claim 8 the heating elements stand out a short distance from the surface of the cir-cumference of the cylinder, the air surrounding the heating elements cools down the mineral fibre material bordering the marking strips during the marking process, which helps to produce clean edges to the marking lines.
Furthermore, especially when the cylinder is impressed more deeply into the web of mineral fibre, the driving effect of the mineral fibre material on the cylinder is increased, since protruding edges of the heating ele-ments encourage the driving effect.
If in accordance with Claim 9 the heating elements can be heated by means of electrical tubular heating el-ements, this provides considerable constructive freedom in designing the heating elements. A tubular heating element which is available commercially can be used; it is then possible to achieve low acquisition costs and high operating reliability, without its outer shape limiting the freedom of construction for the heating elements. In principle, however, any kind of suitable heating device can be used, including a unit that works without contact, i.e. by induction, as long as it is en-sured that the desired heating can be produced locally in the heating areas.
A particularly practical version of the construc-tion can be produced in accordance with Claim 10 by using an internal support frame for the cylinder in the form of a cylindrical polygon. Using a simple method of construction, each straight surface of the polygon can be a support for the mount and the fittings of a heating element.
The driving speed of the cylinder can easily be synchronised with that of the conveyor or production line by using a d.c. motor to drive the cylinder. If, however, in accordance with Claim 4 the cylinder is i.
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_ 9 _ caused to rotate as a result of being transported by the web of mineral fibre, then in accordance with Claim ll it is more practical to use an electric motor in the form of a three-phase current motor, with a free-wheel-ing system, which ensures that the cylinder rotates at a continuous slow speed during the heating-up phase, at an uncritical number of revolutions so that the heating elements are heated up evenly, its free-wheeling system means that the motor can be overtaken as soon as the cylinder is pressing on the web of mineral fibre and is driven by the latter at a higher speed. Every time the operations are interrupted, the electric motor then continues to turn the raised cylinder in order to ensure that the heating elements always heat up evenly.
In particular when the cylinder is impressed into the web of mineral fibre with varying force in accord-ance with Claim 2, to adapt it to different transport speeds of the web of mineral fibre, Claim 12 provides for the position of the cylinder's bearing mount to remain positively adjustable by means of a variable ad-justing pinion. In this way, it is possible at all times precisely to adjust the degree of impression of the cyl-inder on the web of mineral fibre, in such a way that the markings are formed optimally, depending on the transport speed of the web of mineral fibre at any par-ticular time.
It is appropriate for the adjusting pinion to have at least one threaded spindle in accordance with Claim 13, which can be driven for example by means of an elec-tric stepping motor, in order to guarantee that an un-problematic precise adjustment by remote control can be achieved and maintained. It is best for the threaded spindles to engage in a supporting mount for the bearing mount, which like the bearing mount can be raised and lowered. In accordance with Claim 14, this supporting mount is connected to the bearing mount via an air-oil drive, and the bearing mount can be moved between an operating position and an inoperative position by the air-oil drive. In this way, it is possible to switch the A
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cylinder quickly by remote control between the lowered operating position and the raised inoperative position, also for an emergency stop, whereas the fine adjustment of the position of the cylinder relative to the web of mineral fibre in the operating position is made by means of the adjusting pinion, the position of which does not need to be changed during breaks in operations or other interruptions.
Further details, characteristics and advantages of the invention can be seen from the following description of a sample version as shown in the drawing.
Fig. 1 shows a side view of one end part of a device in accordance with the invention, Fig. 2 shows a transverse view, partially in the form of a section, of part of the cylinder of a de-vice in accordance with the invention lying on the surface of the web o~ mineral fibre, and Fig. 3 shows a simplified diagrammatic view in perspec-tive of the cylinder in accordance with Fig. 2.
In Fig. 1, "1" indicates a cylinder as shown in an enlarged form with details in Fig. 2, and in a simpli-fied diagrammatic view in perspective in Fig. 3. Fig. 1 simply shows the left-hand end of the cylinder 1 in the example case; it goes without saying that there is a corresponding method of mounting the cylinder at the opposite end. In addition, in Fig. 1, "2" indicates a shaft which is connected to the cylinder 1, and serves to bear it. The cylinder 1 is borne by the shaft 2 on a bearing mount 3 via two-sided bearings 4. Outside the bearings 4, the shaft 2 enters an electric junction box 5, in which in accordance with the art current is sup-plied to the rotating parts of the cylinder 1 by means of slip rings 6, which are shown diagrammatically.
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The cylinder l can be turned in the bearing 4 via the shaft 2. To provide the rotary drive, an electric motor 7 is included, which runs on bearings at the bear-i.ng mount 3, and which has a driving pinion 8 to drive a driving toothed wheel 9 by means of a toothed belt; the driving toothed wheel 9 is connected to the shaft 2 in such a way that it cannot slip. In this way, the cylin-der 1 can be set in rotary motion in the bearings 4.
The bearing mount 3 can be moved up and down on the columns 10 of a stationary portal, the whole of which is numbered ll. Correspondingly, there is a supporting mount 12 with a tie-bar 13, which can be moved up and down on the columns 10. The bearing mount 3 is joined to the supporting mount 12 by means of air-oil drives 14, for example in the form of pneumatic cylinders 15, which are borne on the tie-bar 13, and whose piston rods 16 engage with the bearing mount 3 at 17. When the support-ing mount 12 is fixed, this means that if the piston rods 16 are withdrawn into the air-oil cylinder 15, the bearing mount 3 is raised together with the cylinder l, so that the bearing mount 3 comes to rest in a raised inoperative position, whereas the lowered position of the bearing mount 3 as shown in the diagram is the ope-rating position, which is illustrated in more detail in Fig. 2.
The supporting mount 12 is in turn connected to a tie-bar 19 of the fixed portal 11 via adjusting pinions 18. The adjusting pinions 18, for example in the form of threaded spindles 20 are operated by an electric motor 21, for example in the form of a step-by-step motor and gearing 22. Using the adjusting spindles 18, the height of the tie-bar 13 and the supporting mount 12 can be fi-nally adjusted in the desired position. When the piston rod 16 of the air-oil drives 14 is extended, this re-sults in fixing the corresponding height of the cylinder 1. By operating the air-oil drives 14, the cylinder 1 can be lowered to this predetermined operating position or raised to an inoperative position without changing the position of the supporting mount 12, which would 13~21~S
mean that the pre-set fine adjustment would be cancel-led.
Fig. 2 shows a transverse view of the lower part of the cylinder 1, partially in the form of a section, in the operating position. As is clear from the diagram, the cylinder 1 has a support frame 23 in the form of a polygon, which in the example case is in the form of an icosagon, with mounts 25 for heating elements 26 fixed with screws 27 to its flat lateral surfaces 24. The heating elements 26 have a mounting frame 28 arranged inside the mounts 25 and marking ribs 30 protruding from the surface of the circumference (numbered 29) of the cylinder 1. The heating elements 26 consist of a suit-able metal with good heat-conducting properties, and in the region of their mounting frame 28 they have a recess 31, which is round in the example case, to receive ordi-nary tubular heating elements 32 - similar to the heat-ing coils of immersion heaters. To install the tubular heating elements 32, the heating elements 26 are de-signed with a split in a plane 33 radial to the axis of the cylinder 1, in such a way that the parts 26a and 26b of the heating elements 26 which are formed in this way are connected with one another by means of suitable countersunk screws 34 and 35. After the tubular heating elements 32 have been installed in the recess 31 of the two open parts 26a and 26b of the heating elements 26, the heating elements 26 are first assembled by inserting the screws 34 and 35, and are then inserted in the mounts 25. Then the mounts 25 are fitted with covering plates 36 on their outer side, i.e. on the circumference side; the covering plates 36 overlap the shoulders 37 of the mounting frame 28 of each heating element 26, and thus keep it firmly in the mount 25.
The mounts 25 and the covering plates 36 consist of a suitable material with bad heat-conducting properties, such as a fibrous or fibre-containing compressed materi-al on the basis of asbestos or asbestos substitute, in order to prevent a loss of heat from the heating ele-ments 26, and to protect the areas of the circumference A
surface 29 on both sides of the marking ribs 30 against heating up and transferring heat to the mineral fibre material of the web of mineral fibre, which is numbered 38. In this way, all the sides of the heating elements 26 lying within the circumference surface ~9 of the cylinder 1 are surrounded by heat-insulating material.
Each heating element 26 has a recess 39 to receive an earthing cable. At least one of the heating elements 26 also has a recess 40 in the region of its marking rib 30 to receive a thermo-probe. Controlling the tempera-ture by means of the thermo-probe and supplying current to the tubular heating elements 32 is done via the slip rings 6 (cf. Fig. 1). Because the ideal formation of the markings can be finely adjusted by varying the pressure of the cylinder 1 on the web of mineral fibre 38, a tem-perature control using thermo-probes can also be dis-pensed with, however, and instead, only the current fed to the tubular heating elements 32 needs to be control-led. In stationary operation, a certain temperature re-sults which is suitable for producing the markings, and the ideal formation of the markings can be adjusted by the degree to which the cylinder 1 is impressed into the web of mineral fibre 38.
As can be seen from Fig. 3, the marking ribs 30 of the heating elements 26 and, if appropriate, the heating elements themselves only extend over part of the axial length of the cylinder 1, so that several marking ribs 30 form a broken line along a surface line of the cylin-der 1, and are arranged at an axial distance from one another. If the length of the heating elements 26 on the axial extension of the marking ribs 30 is limited, the result is a number of individual, shorter heating ele-ments with thermal expansions that are easy to control.
The heating elements 26 can then be connected to one another by leads or by a part of the tubular heating element 32, which needs to be insulated accordingly on the circumference side, and which connects the heating elements 26 more or less in the form of an arc. If on the other hand the heating elements 26 extend over the A
13~Z~S
entire axial length of the cylinder 1, and if the gaps necessary to break the marking are only present between the protruding sections of the heating elements 26, which are referred to as marking ribs 30, then a very robust and stable construction is the result, in which the tubular heating elements 32 are embedded in the heating elements 26 over their entire length.
It is preferable for the web of mineral fibre 38 to be of such a type as is explained in the framework of the German patent application giving rise to a right of priority, No. P 36 12 858.9-25. In the example case, let it thus be an unlined web of mineral fibre 38, 1,200 mm in width, and 6 m in length. Let the bulk density be between 10 and 30 kg/m3, in particular between 14 and 25 kg/m3 and in the concrete exampl~ case 18 kg/m3. As a binding agent, phenolic resin in particular can be used in a proportion of 6 to 7 % in weight of the dry binding agent in the product, and in the example case let the binding agent content of phenolic resin be 6.6 % in weight (dry). With regard to the properties and the application of such a web of mineral fibre 38, and with regard to other details, reference may be made to the full content of the patent application giving rise to a right of priority, No. P 36 12 858.9-25.
In operation, when the piston rods 16 are retract-ed, the cylinder 1 is caused to rotate above the surface (numbered 41) of the web of mineral fibre 38 by the electric motor 7; in the process, the heating elements 26 are preheated to a desired temperature by feeding current to the tubular heating elements 32; if neces-sary, the temperature can be monitored by thermo-probes.
The rotation during the preheating phase ensures an even loss of heat by the~ individual heating elements 26 and marking ribs 30, and thus that they are heated up evenly without the need for an individual temperature control on each individual heating element 26. At the beginning of the production processl the piston rods 16 are ex-tended, and the cylinder 1 is lowered on to the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38; in the process, the 13U~ ~5 electric motor 21 and the adjusting pinions 18 can beused to achieve a fine adjustment of the height of the cylinder 1 over the web of mineral fibre 38. It is prac-tical to choose such an adjustment here that the marking ribs 30 around the circumference of the cylinder 1 press into the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38, thus forming a depression 42. The deeper the depression 42 is pressed into a given web of mineral fibre 38, the great-er is the contact pressure and the duration of the ef-fect to improve the conductive heat transfer from the marking rib 30 to the mineral fibre material. It is typ-ical for the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38 to be uncovered, which means that it is formed by the position of the tangle of mineral fibres themselves;
however, the surface 41 can also be lined, for example in the form of a non-woven fabric on the basis of mine-ral fibres, or consisting of other fibres.
It is typical for the marking rib 30 to have a tem-perature in the range of 400C; it produces a region indicated by the dotted line at 4i in which the binding agent disintegrates in the web of mineral fibre 38, which is scorched. In this way, corresponding to the pattern of the marking ribs 30 visible from Fig. 3.
Marking lines are formed on the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38, which extend at right angles to the side edges of the web of mineral fibre 38. By fine ad-justments using the adjusting pinion 18, the heat trans-fer conditions can be controlled in such a way that a marking with sharp edges is produced which is clearly delimited optically, without there being any impairment of the material of the web of mineral fibre 38 going beyond a shallow region of disintegration 43.
Via the driving pinion 8 and the driving toothed wheel 9, the cylinder 1 can be permanently driven syn-chronously with the transport speed of the web of mine-ral fibre 38. It is then practical to use a d.c. motor as the electric motor 7. In the version illustrated, however, a three-phase current motor is used as the electric motor 7, which is connected to the driving 13~ 5 pinion 8 via a free-wheeling system 44 in such a way that when the cylinder l is driven by the web of mineral fibre 38, the speed of rotation of the cylinder 1 can overtake that of the electric motor 7. In this case, the electric motor 7 drive is used exclusively to maintain a minimum speed of rotation, which is uncritical from the point of view of the number of revolutions, when the drive from the web of mineral fibre 38 is lost in the raised inoperative position, in order to ensure that the heating elements 26 heat up evenly.
By operating the adjusting pinion 18, the heat transfer conditions between the marking ribs 30 and the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38 can be adjust-ed in the manner described to form optimum marking lines. At a predetermined transport speed and consisten-cy of the web of mineral fibre 38, it is, however, also possible to dispense with such a fine adjustment, because it is then possible to work with a fixed pre-setting of the degree of impression of the cylinder l into the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38. In this way, the construction to support the cylinder 1 can be considerably simplified. If moreover the weight of the cylinder l can be kept at such a level that the desired depth of penetration results simply from the weight of the cylinder 1 imposed on the surface 41 of the web of mineral fibre 38, then the air-oil drives 14 can be switched to no pressure in the operating posi-tion, so that the cylinder 1 rests on the web of mineral fibre 38 simply with its own weight. In this case, too deep a penetration can be avoided by having the marking ribs 3~ not protruding by several millimetres (about 8 mm in the example case) from the regular surface 29 of the circumference of the cylinder 1, but lie within the regular circumference surface 29, so that the latter -for example in the form of the covering plates 36 -helps to bear the weight, which thus prevents too great a local penetration. The version illustrated, with the .
f~
13t?21~S
marking ribs 30 protruding from the surface 29 of the circumference, is, however, particularly well suited to having the cylinder 1 driven by the web of mineral fibre 38.
Claims (14)
1. Process for applying marking lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a binding agent, in which the surface of the web of mineral fibre lying on a moving conveyor belt, in particular the production line, is exposed to the local heating effect of a heating device mounted in a fixed position, comprising the steps of using a cylinder as the heating device, the surface of the circumference of which being laid on the surface of the web of mineral fibre, and rotating said heating device at such a speed that the transport speed of the web of mineral fibre corresponds at least approximately to the circumference speed of the cylinder; heating areas being defined on the surface of the circumference of the cylinder, which are sharply delimited in location, which run in lines parallel to the axis, and which are heated to a temperature above the disintegration temperature of the binding agent in the web of mineral fibre.
2. Process in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the cylinder is pressed into the surface of the web of mineral fibre to form a depression.
3. Process in accordance with claim 2, characterised in that the cylinder rests on the web of mineral fibre under its own weight.
4. Process in accordance with claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the cylinder is driven by being transported by the surface of the web of mineral fibre.
5. Process in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a number of heating areas are used to form broken marking lines aligned one behind the other and at a distance from one another.
6. Device to implement the process in accordance with claim 1, characterised by a shaft of a cylinder, mounted in a bearing mount, which can be raised and lowered, by heating elements arranged around the circumference of the cylinder, parallel to the axis, and by a heating device for the heating elements.
7. Device in accordance with claim 6, characterised in that the heating elements are arranged in mounts made of a heat-insulating material, such as fibrous compressed material; it is preferable for these mounts completely to surround the heating elements on their sides arranged within the surface of the circumference of the cylinder.
8. Device in accordance with claim 6, characterised in that the heating elements protrude a few millimetres from the surface of the circumference of the cylinder.
9. Device in accordance with one of the claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the heating elements can be heated by embedded electric tubular heating elements.
10. Device in accordance with one of the claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the cylinder has an internal support frame in the shape of a cylindrical polygon with a number of surfaces corresponding to the number of heating elements on the circumference side.
11. Device in accordance with one of the claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the cylinder can be driven by an electric motor with a free-wheeling system.
12. Device in accordance with claim 6, characterised in that the height of the bearing mount of the cylinder can be positively adjusted in its position by means of an adjusting pinion.
13. Device in accordance with claim 12, characterised in that the adjusting pinion has at least one threaded spindle which engages in a supporting mount for the bearing mount, so that the supporting mount can be raised and lowered.
14. Device in accordance with claim 13, characterised in that the supporting mount is connected with the bearing mount via an air-oil drive, and that the bearing mount can be moved by means of the air-oil drive between an operating position and an inoperative position.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3612858.9 | 1986-04-16 | ||
| DE3612858A DE3612858C1 (en) | 1986-04-16 | 1986-04-16 | Process for installing mineral fiber material in roll form in an elongated installation space delimited by side supports, and mineral fiber web suitable for carrying out the process, and process for its production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1302155C true CA1302155C (en) | 1992-06-02 |
Family
ID=6298831
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000535041A Expired - Fee Related CA1302155C (en) | 1986-04-16 | 1987-04-16 | Process and device for applying marking lines to a web of mineral fibre containing a binding agent |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0266382A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE68418T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1302155C (en) |
| CH (1) | CH660765A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3612858C1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK165398C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2026895T5 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI875548A0 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3002922T3 (en) |
| IE (1) | IE60391B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1216923B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1987006198A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3908128A1 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-20 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | THERMAL MARKING DEVICE FOR MINERAL WOOLWAYS AND METHOD FOR APPLYING MARKINGS |
| DE3928741A1 (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-03-07 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | SLOPED ROOF, ESPECIALLY OF OLD BUILDINGS, AND INSULATION SHEET FOR ITS INSULATION AND PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION |
| DE4341433A1 (en) * | 1993-12-04 | 1995-06-08 | Joma Daemmstoffwerk Josef Mang | Building insulation board |
| DE4447681C2 (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 2000-05-31 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Facade insulation system |
| DE59609367D1 (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 2002-07-25 | Kaibel & Sieber Gmbh | Device and method for applying markings to a mineral fiber product |
| DE29616963U1 (en) * | 1996-09-28 | 1997-01-02 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll-Gmbh, 45966 Gladbeck | Fiber insulation |
| WO1999029516A1 (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-06-17 | Seeber Engineering Gmbh | Device for stamping distinguishing marks on moving parts |
| DE19903370A1 (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-08-03 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Markings on mineral wool products in particular |
| US6644185B1 (en) * | 2000-11-06 | 2003-11-11 | Greydon Inc. | Flexographic rotary platen printing press |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4007767A (en) * | 1972-01-07 | 1977-02-15 | Colledgewood, Ltd. | Highspeed rotary branding process having increased die life |
| US3730081A (en) * | 1972-01-07 | 1973-05-01 | G Colledge | Rotory hot die embosser with tapered shaft and insulated embossing wheel |
| US4288968A (en) * | 1979-12-03 | 1981-09-15 | Fuji Machinery Co., Ltd. | End sealing device for a plastic film in a packaging apparatus |
| US4380446A (en) * | 1980-09-12 | 1983-04-19 | Rexham Corporation | Side sealing mechanism for a packaging machine |
| DE3203624C2 (en) * | 1981-09-17 | 1990-02-15 | Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll-GmbH, 4390 Gladbeck | Board made of insulating materials, in particular mineral fibers |
| DE3229601C2 (en) * | 1982-08-09 | 1984-12-06 | Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Insulating material web, consisting of an insulating material layer, in particular of mineral fiber felt, and a glued-on lamination web, as well as a process for its production and a process for its installation |
-
1986
- 1986-04-16 DE DE3612858A patent/DE3612858C1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-07-08 CH CH2755/86A patent/CH660765A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1987
- 1987-04-07 IT IT8720016A patent/IT1216923B/en active
- 1987-04-16 CA CA000535041A patent/CA1302155C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-04-16 AT AT87200792T patent/ATE68418T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-04-16 ES ES87200792T patent/ES2026895T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-04-16 WO PCT/EP1987/000208 patent/WO1987006198A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-04-16 EP EP87902501A patent/EP0266382A1/en active Pending
- 1987-04-16 IE IE100187A patent/IE60391B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-04-16 EP EP87200792A patent/EP0244035B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-12-16 FI FI875548A patent/FI875548A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-12-16 DK DK660787A patent/DK165398C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-10-17 GR GR91401486T patent/GR3002922T3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0244035B2 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
| IT8720016A0 (en) | 1987-04-07 |
| DK660787A (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| IE60391B1 (en) | 1994-07-13 |
| IE871001L (en) | 1987-10-16 |
| EP0244035B1 (en) | 1991-10-16 |
| EP0266382A1 (en) | 1988-05-11 |
| CH660765A5 (en) | 1987-06-15 |
| ES2026895T3 (en) | 1992-05-16 |
| IT1216923B (en) | 1990-03-14 |
| FI875548A7 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| EP0244035A1 (en) | 1987-11-04 |
| DK165398C (en) | 1993-04-05 |
| DK660787D0 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| FI875548A0 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| DE3612858C1 (en) | 1987-10-01 |
| DK165398B (en) | 1992-11-23 |
| ES2026895T5 (en) | 1995-08-16 |
| WO1987006198A1 (en) | 1987-10-22 |
| GR3002922T3 (en) | 1993-01-25 |
| ATE68418T1 (en) | 1991-11-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |