CA2005018A1 - Vacuum spinning of roving - Google Patents
Vacuum spinning of rovingInfo
- Publication number
- CA2005018A1 CA2005018A1 CA002005018A CA2005018A CA2005018A1 CA 2005018 A1 CA2005018 A1 CA 2005018A1 CA 002005018 A CA002005018 A CA 002005018A CA 2005018 A CA2005018 A CA 2005018A CA 2005018 A1 CA2005018 A1 CA 2005018A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- roving
- shaft
- sliver
- recited
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007378 ring spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
- D01H7/92—Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting transient twist, i.e. false twist
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A method, and the product of the method, is disclosed which relates to the production of roving using vacuum spinning techniques. Specifically, a fiber mass, or sliver , is drafted through a drafting zone and passed into a hollow, rotatable shaft , the shaft having a central through passageway and a plurality of radially oriented orifices . The shaft is mounted in a housing to which a vacuum is applied as the fiber mass passes through the rotating shaft.
Trailing free ends of a minor portion of the fibers are pulled into the orifices and, as the linear movement of the fibers continues, are pulled back out of the orifices and are wrapped about the remaining core fibers to form a roving.
A method, and the product of the method, is disclosed which relates to the production of roving using vacuum spinning techniques. Specifically, a fiber mass, or sliver , is drafted through a drafting zone and passed into a hollow, rotatable shaft , the shaft having a central through passageway and a plurality of radially oriented orifices . The shaft is mounted in a housing to which a vacuum is applied as the fiber mass passes through the rotating shaft.
Trailing free ends of a minor portion of the fibers are pulled into the orifices and, as the linear movement of the fibers continues, are pulled back out of the orifices and are wrapped about the remaining core fibers to form a roving.
Description
;~0~018 .
VACUUM SPINNING OF ROVING
.
:
:
- Thi~ invention relates to the manufacture of roving, an intermediate product between the initial -~
sliver and final yarn product. More ~pecifically, roving i5 generally considered to be in a condition one step removed from finished spun yarn. In other word~, roving is fiber stock or sliver which has ~ -:
been drawn, drafted and usually twi3ted in -~-preparation for a following operation, such as ring ~ -spinning, typicalIy used in the production of yarn. -~ -Those familiar with the roving proces~ in yarn manufacturing appreciate the various problems -associated with conventional roving forming techniques. Conventional flyer roving e~uipment (which imparts a real twist of .5 to 1.5 turns in the fibers), for example, has a number of -~
complicated mechanical parts and mechanism~
resulting in down time and maintenance problems; the equipment is relegated to slow ~peeds due to the use of a flyer, and it i8 sub~ect to drafting problems in spinning due to actual twi~t variations.
Additional difficulties are experienced in creeling and doffing operation3, and automation of the process is problematic.
~ In conventional! rub roving, the siiver strand i8 sandwiched between two aprons that oscillate in opposite directions causing the sliver to roll -between the aprons, adding strenqth as a re~ult of the rolling and interlocking of fiber~. Rub roving equipment also has disadvantages however. For :: . -2 ;
'.",''' ' example, while permitting high speed and overallefficiency, it also has complicated mechanical assemblies and is costly to operate. In addition, the process lends itself to erratic drafting ~
patterns, especially in dyed stocks, causing uneven ~ -yarn in spinning. This is also the result of the aprons not being consistent over the entire length of the roving surace, which in turn causes drafting forces to vary.
The present in~ention substantially el.iminates the above objections and disadvantages by utilizing ~ -a very simple mechanical device which produces a roving that does not have twist, either real or false. This n~w process applies known vacuum ;
spinning techniques to the production of roving and, as a result, achieves high quality roving for use in subsequent yarn orming processes. -~
Vacuum spinning in the textile industry is not . .
new with this application. However, it has `
heretofore been applied only in the making of a yarn product. For example, in commonly assigned U.S. ~--Is Patent Nos. 4,719,744, 4,713,931 and 4,507,913 methods and apparatus are described for producing vacuum spun yarns. In U.S. Patent No. 4,635,435 a -method and apparatus are described for vacuum -~
spinning yarns directly~from sliver.
r~ a' In the present invention, vacuum spinning r~ZV~ technology i's'~applie'd ~td the manufacture of roving ! '~
which has neither real nor false twist. Moreover, the roving process of this invention eliminates many o the problems associated with conventional flyer ,;
and rub roving proces~es, and pr~duces roving which is at least the equal in quality to roving formed by `~
; ~.. ,,.,.. ,~,., ; , .
20050i8 ~:
,~,",;:~
these corl~entional processes. ;
In one exemplary embodiment of the invention, --sliver is coiled into a sliver can by conventional drawing equipment. The sliver, which may comprise long or short staple fibers, i.e., from about one to -~
about six inches in length, is then fed from the can into a conventional draft system, e.g., the same type of drafting æystem used in conventional flyer and rub roving processes. As the drafted stock -passes through the back draft roll into an apron zone, it is then drafted through the vacuum nozzle assembly as described below.
Fibers of the sliver are pushed and drawn into :
an entry slot formed in a hollow shaft, or nozzle~--rotatably mounted in a housing. At this point, the `-fibers are subiect to the dual action of the feed rolls and a vacuum created (by any suitable mean~) within the nozzle. As the fibers pass through the -nozzle, a small portion of the surface fibers' free ends are sucked radially outwardly relative to the direction of travel of the fiber mass, into : - ~
peripherally located orifices. The radially displaced fiber ends are then immediately pulled out of the orifices as the fiber mass continues its linear movement, and are wrapped around the remaining centrally located core fibers by the rotation of the nozzle. These wrapper fibers `-preferably co~stitute from 5 to 20% of the fibers, and experiments have shown that approximately 10% of the wrapped fibers tend to straighten out during subsequent spinning drafting.
The number of wrapper fibers can be controlled ~-~
by nozzle rpm, number and size of orifices in ''.
."`"``~
. ,: .
20~5018 nozzle, vacuum pressure, etc. Due to this ability to control the number of fibers wrapped around the core and haw tightly they are wrapped, a roving with superior drafting properties can be produced.
The roving is taken up by a take-up roll and wound onto a roving tube at high speed similar to a conventional yarn winder. Winding speed is between 100-150 yds/min (91-136 m/min). These roving tubes can be hung in a ring spinning frame creel or spinning either single or double creel, so that a wide variety of yarn counts can be produced.
The roving process in accordance with this invention is very flexible as tc roving size. ~;
Moreover, tests show that if wrapper fiber ratio remains at 15% or less, and these fibers are not wrapped with high pressure, the yarn is equal in quality to roving produced by flyer and rub roving processes. ~i ~
The process of this invention also lends itself ; - -to automation similar to that now employed in rub -apron roving in long staple fiber production (but ~;
not in the short staple fiber production). It is believed that thiæ invention will be applicable to both long and short staple fiber production.
Another advantage of the invention is that, as ;;
in known vacuum spinning proces~es, suction in the -nozzle eliminates a large volume of heavy wa~te, ;
such'as vegetakle matt'er, dirt, dust, etc., giving !
the stock a cleaner content.
AccordingIy, this new roving concept has many advantages over current systems and techniques used -~
to produce roving.
. .. ..
~ As described further herein, in adapting the -`-` 200~018 :
known vacuum spinning technology to the production of roving, the configuration of the nozzle is similar to that utilized in the production of yarn, with the exception of having to provide a larger diameter through passageway and radial orifices in order to accommodate the much larger roving dimensions. In addition, the draftin~ system is necessarily larger and of heavier construction. ; ;.
Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description which follows.
~ ':
FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatu~ utili~ed in this invention; and FIGURE 2 is a schematic side view of roving produced by the apparatus of this invention.
: ::
With reference to EIGURE 1, a schematic representation of apparatus in accordance with this ~-~
invention i8 illustrated~
Generally, the apparatus 10 includes a sliver -~
can or bin 12 from which a sliver S is drawn by a ~ -drafting assembly,14 ~hich includes feed roll sets 16, 18 and 20. The drat system acts upon the fiber~ in the sliver S in a conventional manner and feed~ the fibers into the vacuum nozzle assembly 22.
The nozzle assembly 22 comprises a housing 24 '~- - ~`"':'' ', ~';" `
20050~8 and an elongat:ed hollow shaft 26 mounted for rotation therein. The shaft has a first entry end 28 and a second exit end 30. A through passageway 31 extends from the end 28 to the end 30. The -~
passageway includes a first portion 32 adjacent the first end 28, an interior chamber portion 34 close ~,~
to, but spaced from, the first end 28, and a third ~
portion 36 that extends from the chamber portion 34 -through the nozzle to the second end 30. The first or entry portion 32 has an entry diameter of about ;~
VACUUM SPINNING OF ROVING
.
:
:
- Thi~ invention relates to the manufacture of roving, an intermediate product between the initial -~
sliver and final yarn product. More ~pecifically, roving i5 generally considered to be in a condition one step removed from finished spun yarn. In other word~, roving is fiber stock or sliver which has ~ -:
been drawn, drafted and usually twi3ted in -~-preparation for a following operation, such as ring ~ -spinning, typicalIy used in the production of yarn. -~ -Those familiar with the roving proces~ in yarn manufacturing appreciate the various problems -associated with conventional roving forming techniques. Conventional flyer roving e~uipment (which imparts a real twist of .5 to 1.5 turns in the fibers), for example, has a number of -~
complicated mechanical parts and mechanism~
resulting in down time and maintenance problems; the equipment is relegated to slow ~peeds due to the use of a flyer, and it i8 sub~ect to drafting problems in spinning due to actual twi~t variations.
Additional difficulties are experienced in creeling and doffing operation3, and automation of the process is problematic.
~ In conventional! rub roving, the siiver strand i8 sandwiched between two aprons that oscillate in opposite directions causing the sliver to roll -between the aprons, adding strenqth as a re~ult of the rolling and interlocking of fiber~. Rub roving equipment also has disadvantages however. For :: . -2 ;
'.",''' ' example, while permitting high speed and overallefficiency, it also has complicated mechanical assemblies and is costly to operate. In addition, the process lends itself to erratic drafting ~
patterns, especially in dyed stocks, causing uneven ~ -yarn in spinning. This is also the result of the aprons not being consistent over the entire length of the roving surace, which in turn causes drafting forces to vary.
The present in~ention substantially el.iminates the above objections and disadvantages by utilizing ~ -a very simple mechanical device which produces a roving that does not have twist, either real or false. This n~w process applies known vacuum ;
spinning techniques to the production of roving and, as a result, achieves high quality roving for use in subsequent yarn orming processes. -~
Vacuum spinning in the textile industry is not . .
new with this application. However, it has `
heretofore been applied only in the making of a yarn product. For example, in commonly assigned U.S. ~--Is Patent Nos. 4,719,744, 4,713,931 and 4,507,913 methods and apparatus are described for producing vacuum spun yarns. In U.S. Patent No. 4,635,435 a -method and apparatus are described for vacuum -~
spinning yarns directly~from sliver.
r~ a' In the present invention, vacuum spinning r~ZV~ technology i's'~applie'd ~td the manufacture of roving ! '~
which has neither real nor false twist. Moreover, the roving process of this invention eliminates many o the problems associated with conventional flyer ,;
and rub roving proces~es, and pr~duces roving which is at least the equal in quality to roving formed by `~
; ~.. ,,.,.. ,~,., ; , .
20050i8 ~:
,~,",;:~
these corl~entional processes. ;
In one exemplary embodiment of the invention, --sliver is coiled into a sliver can by conventional drawing equipment. The sliver, which may comprise long or short staple fibers, i.e., from about one to -~
about six inches in length, is then fed from the can into a conventional draft system, e.g., the same type of drafting æystem used in conventional flyer and rub roving processes. As the drafted stock -passes through the back draft roll into an apron zone, it is then drafted through the vacuum nozzle assembly as described below.
Fibers of the sliver are pushed and drawn into :
an entry slot formed in a hollow shaft, or nozzle~--rotatably mounted in a housing. At this point, the `-fibers are subiect to the dual action of the feed rolls and a vacuum created (by any suitable mean~) within the nozzle. As the fibers pass through the -nozzle, a small portion of the surface fibers' free ends are sucked radially outwardly relative to the direction of travel of the fiber mass, into : - ~
peripherally located orifices. The radially displaced fiber ends are then immediately pulled out of the orifices as the fiber mass continues its linear movement, and are wrapped around the remaining centrally located core fibers by the rotation of the nozzle. These wrapper fibers `-preferably co~stitute from 5 to 20% of the fibers, and experiments have shown that approximately 10% of the wrapped fibers tend to straighten out during subsequent spinning drafting.
The number of wrapper fibers can be controlled ~-~
by nozzle rpm, number and size of orifices in ''.
."`"``~
. ,: .
20~5018 nozzle, vacuum pressure, etc. Due to this ability to control the number of fibers wrapped around the core and haw tightly they are wrapped, a roving with superior drafting properties can be produced.
The roving is taken up by a take-up roll and wound onto a roving tube at high speed similar to a conventional yarn winder. Winding speed is between 100-150 yds/min (91-136 m/min). These roving tubes can be hung in a ring spinning frame creel or spinning either single or double creel, so that a wide variety of yarn counts can be produced.
The roving process in accordance with this invention is very flexible as tc roving size. ~;
Moreover, tests show that if wrapper fiber ratio remains at 15% or less, and these fibers are not wrapped with high pressure, the yarn is equal in quality to roving produced by flyer and rub roving processes. ~i ~
The process of this invention also lends itself ; - -to automation similar to that now employed in rub -apron roving in long staple fiber production (but ~;
not in the short staple fiber production). It is believed that thiæ invention will be applicable to both long and short staple fiber production.
Another advantage of the invention is that, as ;;
in known vacuum spinning proces~es, suction in the -nozzle eliminates a large volume of heavy wa~te, ;
such'as vegetakle matt'er, dirt, dust, etc., giving !
the stock a cleaner content.
AccordingIy, this new roving concept has many advantages over current systems and techniques used -~
to produce roving.
. .. ..
~ As described further herein, in adapting the -`-` 200~018 :
known vacuum spinning technology to the production of roving, the configuration of the nozzle is similar to that utilized in the production of yarn, with the exception of having to provide a larger diameter through passageway and radial orifices in order to accommodate the much larger roving dimensions. In addition, the draftin~ system is necessarily larger and of heavier construction. ; ;.
Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description which follows.
~ ':
FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatu~ utili~ed in this invention; and FIGURE 2 is a schematic side view of roving produced by the apparatus of this invention.
: ::
With reference to EIGURE 1, a schematic representation of apparatus in accordance with this ~-~
invention i8 illustrated~
Generally, the apparatus 10 includes a sliver -~
can or bin 12 from which a sliver S is drawn by a ~ -drafting assembly,14 ~hich includes feed roll sets 16, 18 and 20. The drat system acts upon the fiber~ in the sliver S in a conventional manner and feed~ the fibers into the vacuum nozzle assembly 22.
The nozzle assembly 22 comprises a housing 24 '~- - ~`"':'' ', ~';" `
20050~8 and an elongat:ed hollow shaft 26 mounted for rotation therein. The shaft has a first entry end 28 and a second exit end 30. A through passageway 31 extends from the end 28 to the end 30. The -~
passageway includes a first portion 32 adjacent the first end 28, an interior chamber portion 34 close ~,~
to, but spaced from, the first end 28, and a third ~
portion 36 that extends from the chamber portion 34 -through the nozzle to the second end 30. The first or entry portion 32 has an entry diameter of about ;~
3/8 inch (9.5 mm) significantly larger than the 3/16 inch (4.7 mm) diameter of the third or exit portion 36, and is connected thereto by a tapered conical -~
portion 33.
About the periphery of the shaft, at the ~ -~
juncture of shaft passageway portions 32, 36, i.e., at the chamber portion 34, there are provided a plurality of orifices 38 extending from chamber 34 radially outwardly through the shaft 26, to provide --communication with the interior of the housing 24.
The number of orifices may be varied but is ; preferably within the range of two to 8iX or more. -~
In addition, the passages defined by the orifices may extend substantially perpendicular to the passageway 31, or at an inclined angle relative --thereto.
In a preerred arrangement, the housing 24 is conn~cted vialinleti~50 to a vacuum pump or other vacuum source (not shown).
Bearings 40,42 mount the shaft for rotation within the housing. A pulley or gear 44 is pre~fit ~ -to an exterior cylindrical surface 46 of the shaft 26 so that rotation of the gear effects rotation of ,~
;~:0~)~018 : .
the shaft 26. Gear 46 is connected to a drive motor (not shown) or other suitable drive means via belt or chain 48.
A pair of take-off rolls 52 is mounted adjacent the outlet end of the nozzle, along with a take up --~
roll 54 and a roving tube 56 upon which the roving R
is wound at speeds of up to 100-150 yds/min. (91-36 m/mm). A conventional transverse motion device 59 is utilized to facilitate winding of the roving on ~
the tube 56. ~--In use, the fiber mass or sliver S, having a grain weight of from about 25 grs/yd (23 grFi/m) to about 220 grs/yd (200 grs/m), is fed in a linear direction through the drafting assembly 14, after which the mass is pushed and drawn into the interior of the nozzle assembly 22. In this regard, it will ~, be appreciated that the air flow created in the housing, e.g., via connection of a suitable vacuum source to the housing inlet 50, assists in drawing the fibers into the nozzle a~sembly along the linear feed direction, while they are at the same time ~A~rl;
being pushed by feed roll set 20. `-~
As the fibers pas~ beyond the entry of the nozzle, some of the fibera, which have free trailing -ends, are deflected, i.e., radially displaced, by -;-reason of the air flow into the radially oriented orifices 38, but are immediately pulled back down by the continued~linea~ movement ~f the~fiber maas. At ~ ~
the same time, these radially displaced iber ends ~ -are wrapped around the remaining core fibers by -~
reason of the high speed rotation of the nozzle. It -will be appreciated that the rotation of the shaft, simultaneously with the creation of the vacuum in `- 2005018 ~he radially extending orifice~, will create an air flow not only radially outwardly but, also in the direction of rotation of the shaft or nozzle. The wrapper fibers W, best seen in FIGURE 2, comprice approximately 5 to 20% of the fibers, and while the wrapper fibers may have some small degree of twist applied thereto, the remaining core fibers C have no twist at all, real or false. It is preferred that the wrapper fibers compri~e 15% or less of the fiber ma~s. Control and adjustment of the amount of wrapper fibers may be achieved through adjustment of nozzle rpm, vacuum pressure and the number and size ~;
of the radially oriented orifices. .
With reference to Figure 3, there is illustrated one exemplary nozzle design for use in a vacuum roving process in accordance with this `-invention.
The nozzle 60 has an inlet end 62 and an outlet :-end 64. A through passageway 66 extends through the nozzle along a longitudinal axis A from the inlet -~
end to the outlet end. A first or entry portion 68 of the passageway includes a constant diameter bore ~ :
~portion 70 and a tapered portion 72 which extends between the inlet end 62 and an interior chamber portion 74. The entry portion 68 in this exemplary embodiment has an inside diameter of about 3/8 inch, and tapers to a remaining smooth bore outlet portion ; 76 whi.ch`has !an iinsi'de diameter of about 3jl6 inch, and extends between the chamber 74 and the outlet ~ end 64.
i~ Interior chamber 74 is created at the interface ; of entry portion 68 and outlet portion 76 by ~; intersection with a plurality of, and preerably :~ 20050~8 ..:
....
four, tapered bores 78 which extend inwardly from -~
the circumferential surface 80 of the nozzle. Each bore tapers from a diameter of about 5/32 inch (3.9 ~-mm) to about 1/8 inch (3.2 mm), and each bore is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis A, preferably away from the inlet end in the radially --outward direction.
The overall length of the nozzle is about 2 inches (51 mm), and the nozzle has an out~ide ;;
diameter of about 1/2 inch (12.7 mm). Toward the rearward or outlet end 64 of the nozzle, there is located a radial flange 82 which may engage a rear -wall of the housing 24, while a rearward extension -~
84 protrude~ beyond the housing for reception of a drive gear 44 or other suitable drive means, as shown in FIGURE 1. ~.
It is to be understood that this invention is not limited to nozzle designs having only the above .-~-described dimensions. The dimensions may be -: -modified as neces~ary depending on the roving characteristics desired.
The above described process, applicable to both ~-long and short ~taple fiber roving production, i~ a -;~-~
high speed, yet simple and reliable process, the ~`~
roving product of which is at least equal in qualitv to that produced by conventiona]. flyer and rub -~
roving processes.
,Wh~ile th!e ihvenition ha~ been descrlbed in ! ~ ~-connection wit,h what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications ~: .
: ., 2005018 ~ ~ ~
., .:- .
:''',"",' ~: ,,, . ', ., and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
'~ '.',' .,'. "
' ~ `~ , ,.:~
~ ~ .
portion 33.
About the periphery of the shaft, at the ~ -~
juncture of shaft passageway portions 32, 36, i.e., at the chamber portion 34, there are provided a plurality of orifices 38 extending from chamber 34 radially outwardly through the shaft 26, to provide --communication with the interior of the housing 24.
The number of orifices may be varied but is ; preferably within the range of two to 8iX or more. -~
In addition, the passages defined by the orifices may extend substantially perpendicular to the passageway 31, or at an inclined angle relative --thereto.
In a preerred arrangement, the housing 24 is conn~cted vialinleti~50 to a vacuum pump or other vacuum source (not shown).
Bearings 40,42 mount the shaft for rotation within the housing. A pulley or gear 44 is pre~fit ~ -to an exterior cylindrical surface 46 of the shaft 26 so that rotation of the gear effects rotation of ,~
;~:0~)~018 : .
the shaft 26. Gear 46 is connected to a drive motor (not shown) or other suitable drive means via belt or chain 48.
A pair of take-off rolls 52 is mounted adjacent the outlet end of the nozzle, along with a take up --~
roll 54 and a roving tube 56 upon which the roving R
is wound at speeds of up to 100-150 yds/min. (91-36 m/mm). A conventional transverse motion device 59 is utilized to facilitate winding of the roving on ~
the tube 56. ~--In use, the fiber mass or sliver S, having a grain weight of from about 25 grs/yd (23 grFi/m) to about 220 grs/yd (200 grs/m), is fed in a linear direction through the drafting assembly 14, after which the mass is pushed and drawn into the interior of the nozzle assembly 22. In this regard, it will ~, be appreciated that the air flow created in the housing, e.g., via connection of a suitable vacuum source to the housing inlet 50, assists in drawing the fibers into the nozzle a~sembly along the linear feed direction, while they are at the same time ~A~rl;
being pushed by feed roll set 20. `-~
As the fibers pas~ beyond the entry of the nozzle, some of the fibera, which have free trailing -ends, are deflected, i.e., radially displaced, by -;-reason of the air flow into the radially oriented orifices 38, but are immediately pulled back down by the continued~linea~ movement ~f the~fiber maas. At ~ ~
the same time, these radially displaced iber ends ~ -are wrapped around the remaining core fibers by -~
reason of the high speed rotation of the nozzle. It -will be appreciated that the rotation of the shaft, simultaneously with the creation of the vacuum in `- 2005018 ~he radially extending orifice~, will create an air flow not only radially outwardly but, also in the direction of rotation of the shaft or nozzle. The wrapper fibers W, best seen in FIGURE 2, comprice approximately 5 to 20% of the fibers, and while the wrapper fibers may have some small degree of twist applied thereto, the remaining core fibers C have no twist at all, real or false. It is preferred that the wrapper fibers compri~e 15% or less of the fiber ma~s. Control and adjustment of the amount of wrapper fibers may be achieved through adjustment of nozzle rpm, vacuum pressure and the number and size ~;
of the radially oriented orifices. .
With reference to Figure 3, there is illustrated one exemplary nozzle design for use in a vacuum roving process in accordance with this `-invention.
The nozzle 60 has an inlet end 62 and an outlet :-end 64. A through passageway 66 extends through the nozzle along a longitudinal axis A from the inlet -~
end to the outlet end. A first or entry portion 68 of the passageway includes a constant diameter bore ~ :
~portion 70 and a tapered portion 72 which extends between the inlet end 62 and an interior chamber portion 74. The entry portion 68 in this exemplary embodiment has an inside diameter of about 3/8 inch, and tapers to a remaining smooth bore outlet portion ; 76 whi.ch`has !an iinsi'de diameter of about 3jl6 inch, and extends between the chamber 74 and the outlet ~ end 64.
i~ Interior chamber 74 is created at the interface ; of entry portion 68 and outlet portion 76 by ~; intersection with a plurality of, and preerably :~ 20050~8 ..:
....
four, tapered bores 78 which extend inwardly from -~
the circumferential surface 80 of the nozzle. Each bore tapers from a diameter of about 5/32 inch (3.9 ~-mm) to about 1/8 inch (3.2 mm), and each bore is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis A, preferably away from the inlet end in the radially --outward direction.
The overall length of the nozzle is about 2 inches (51 mm), and the nozzle has an out~ide ;;
diameter of about 1/2 inch (12.7 mm). Toward the rearward or outlet end 64 of the nozzle, there is located a radial flange 82 which may engage a rear -wall of the housing 24, while a rearward extension -~
84 protrude~ beyond the housing for reception of a drive gear 44 or other suitable drive means, as shown in FIGURE 1. ~.
It is to be understood that this invention is not limited to nozzle designs having only the above .-~-described dimensions. The dimensions may be -: -modified as neces~ary depending on the roving characteristics desired.
The above described process, applicable to both ~-long and short ~taple fiber roving production, i~ a -;~-~
high speed, yet simple and reliable process, the ~`~
roving product of which is at least equal in qualitv to that produced by conventiona]. flyer and rub -~
roving processes.
,Wh~ile th!e ihvenition ha~ been descrlbed in ! ~ ~-connection wit,h what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications ~: .
: ., 2005018 ~ ~ ~
., .:- .
:''',"",' ~: ,,, . ', ., and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
'~ '.',' .,'. "
' ~ `~ , ,.:~
~ ~ .
Claims (25)
1. A method of producing roving comprising the steps of:
(a) feeding a sliver of fibers from a sliver storage area to a drafting zone;
(b) drafting the sliver of fibers to a predetermined weight as the sliver passes through said drafting zone;
(c) passing the drafted sliver in a linear direction into a hollow shaft shaft rotatable about an axis generally coincident with the said linear direction, the shaft having a plurality of orifices extending radially outwardly from the hollow shaft;
(d) applying a vacuum through the orifices sufficient to attract free ends of a minor portion of the fibers into said orifices while a major portion of the fibers remains in the hollow shaft;
(e) rotating said shaft as said drafted fibers pass therethrough to thereby wrap the said free ends of the minor portion of the fibers about the major portion of the fibers to form a roving; and (f) immediately after step (e), winding the roving on a take-up reel.
(a) feeding a sliver of fibers from a sliver storage area to a drafting zone;
(b) drafting the sliver of fibers to a predetermined weight as the sliver passes through said drafting zone;
(c) passing the drafted sliver in a linear direction into a hollow shaft shaft rotatable about an axis generally coincident with the said linear direction, the shaft having a plurality of orifices extending radially outwardly from the hollow shaft;
(d) applying a vacuum through the orifices sufficient to attract free ends of a minor portion of the fibers into said orifices while a major portion of the fibers remains in the hollow shaft;
(e) rotating said shaft as said drafted fibers pass therethrough to thereby wrap the said free ends of the minor portion of the fibers about the major portion of the fibers to form a roving; and (f) immediately after step (e), winding the roving on a take-up reel.
2. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the sliver, prior to step (b), has a weight of from about 23 to about 200 grs/m.
3. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the minor portion of fibers comprise about 5 to about 20%
of the drafted sliver.
of the drafted sliver.
4. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said orifices each comprise a tapered bore.
5. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said hollow shaft, upstream of the orifices, has a diameter of about 9.5 mm.
6. A process as defined in claim 5 wherein said hollow shaft, downstream of the orifices, has a diameter of about 4.7 mm.
7. A process as defined in claim 4 wherein said orifices taper from a diameter of about 9.5 mm to a diameter of about 4.7 mm.
8. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein steps (a) through (f) are carried out without applying substantially any twist to the fibers.
9. A process as defined in claim 6 wherein the minor portion of fibers comprise about 5 to about 20%
of the drafted sliver.
of the drafted sliver.
10. In the production of roving, a process comprising the steps of (a) drafting a sliver of fibers to form a drafed sliver.
(b) feeding the drafted sliver into a rotating vacuum nozzle to cause at least a minor portion of the fibers to be wrapped about a core of remaining fibers to form a roving; and (c) winding said roving on a roving tube.
(b) feeding the drafted sliver into a rotating vacuum nozzle to cause at least a minor portion of the fibers to be wrapped about a core of remaining fibers to form a roving; and (c) winding said roving on a roving tube.
11. The process as defined claim 10 wherein during step (c), the roving is wound at about 90 to about 136 m/mm.
12. The process as defined in claim 10 wherein the sliver has a grain weight of from about 23 grs/m to about 200 grs/m.
13. A method of producing roving utilizing a rotatable hollow shaft having an entrance at one end thereof, and an exit at the other end, and rotatable about an axis, comprising the steps of:
(a) feeding a plurality of fibers in a first linear direction, in a fiber mass, certain of the fibers having free trailing ends;
(b) passing the fiber mass into the interior of the rotatable hollow shaft through the entrance thereof;
(c) establishing an air flow with respect to the shaft to effect radial displacement of said free trailing ends;
(d) rotating the shaft at high speed about the axis so that the radially displaced fiber ends wrap around a remaining core portion of the fiber mass to produce a roving; and (e) withdrawing the roving through the exit of the shaft.
(a) feeding a plurality of fibers in a first linear direction, in a fiber mass, certain of the fibers having free trailing ends;
(b) passing the fiber mass into the interior of the rotatable hollow shaft through the entrance thereof;
(c) establishing an air flow with respect to the shaft to effect radial displacement of said free trailing ends;
(d) rotating the shaft at high speed about the axis so that the radially displaced fiber ends wrap around a remaining core portion of the fiber mass to produce a roving; and (e) withdrawing the roving through the exit of the shaft.
14. A method as recited in claim 13 wherein is step (c) is practiced by establishing an air flow path that is initially substantially in said first direction, and then is deflected to move at an angle with respect to the said direction, away from the shaft.
15. A method as recited in claim 14 wherein step (c) is practiced by providing a vacuum which acts on the fibers.
16. A method as recited in claim 15 wherein step (c) is practiced by solely applying a vacuum.
17. A method as recited in claim 13 wherein step (c) is practiced by providing a vacuum which acts on the fibers.
18. A method as recited in claim 17 wherein step (c) is practiced solely by applying a vacuum.
19. A method as recited in claim 13 wherein the air flow includes a component in the direction of rotation of the shaft.
20. A method as recited in claim 13 wherein the fibers are long staple fibers.
21. A method as recited in claim 20 wherein the fibers have a staple length of about 25.4 mm to about 152.4 mm.
22. A method as recited in claim 13 wherein the hollow shaft has a passage extending the majority of the length thereof of a first diameter, and wherein steps (a) - (c) are practiced so that the fibers pass first into a nozzle area having a second diameter larger than the first diameter, in which the air flow is substantially said linear direction, before passing into the passage of said first diameter.
23. A method as recited in claim 22 wherein the majority of the air flow in the nozzle area passes away from the shaft, at an angle with respect to the said linear direction, as opposed to passing into the passage of said first diameter.
24. A roving produced by the steps of:
(a) feeding a plurality of fibers in a linear direction, in a fiber mass;
(b) passing the fiber mass into the interior of the hollow rotatable shaft through an entrance thereof, certain of said fibers having free tailing ends;
(c) establishing an air flow with respect to the shaft to effect radial displacement of some of the free trailing ends of the fibers;
(d) rotating the shaft at high speed about an axis so that the free ends of the fibers wrap around other portions of the fiber mass to produce a roving;
and (e) withdrawing the roving through the exit of the shaft.
(a) feeding a plurality of fibers in a linear direction, in a fiber mass;
(b) passing the fiber mass into the interior of the hollow rotatable shaft through an entrance thereof, certain of said fibers having free tailing ends;
(c) establishing an air flow with respect to the shaft to effect radial displacement of some of the free trailing ends of the fibers;
(d) rotating the shaft at high speed about an axis so that the free ends of the fibers wrap around other portions of the fiber mass to produce a roving;
and (e) withdrawing the roving through the exit of the shaft.
25. A roving as recited in claim 24, produced by practicing step (c) by estabiishing an air flow path that is initially substantially unidirectionally in said direction, and then is deflected to move at an angle with respect to said direction from the shaft.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28248888A | 1988-12-12 | 1988-12-12 | |
| US07/282,488 | 1988-12-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2005018A1 true CA2005018A1 (en) | 1990-06-12 |
Family
ID=23081729
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002005018A Abandoned CA2005018A1 (en) | 1988-12-12 | 1989-12-08 | Vacuum spinning of roving |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0375242A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH02259121A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1043353A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2005018A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2128251C1 (en) * | 1998-01-15 | 1999-03-27 | Палочкин Сергей Владимирович | Roving and method of its production |
| JP4062869B2 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2008-03-19 | 村田機械株式会社 | Core yarn manufacturing apparatus and core yarn manufacturing method |
| DE10251727A1 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-13 | Deutsches Institut für Textil- und Faserforschung Stuttgart - Stiftung des öffentlichen Rechts | Textile process and assembly to impart a twist to slubbing fiber twist loose fiber ends in one direction opposite to core fibers |
| CN1882728B (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2010-09-01 | 里特机械公司 | Drawing-roving combination machine and method for producing roving from a fiber group |
| JP2007505226A (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2007-03-08 | マシーネンファブリク リーター アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | Combined drawing machine and roving machine for producing roving by air spinning |
| DE102004037957A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-05-19 | Trützschler GmbH & Co KG | Dust and fibre removal hood for fleece fibre drafting station surrounds the fleece draw-down funnel |
| DE102005009731A1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-07 | Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag | Flyerless spinning process and device with a drafting system |
| CN101849055B (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2012-05-09 | 罗托卡夫特公司 | Knitting machine and method for producing knitted fabrics from rovings |
| CH704780A1 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-15 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Roving machine for manufacturing a roving. |
| CH705221A1 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-15 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Roving for producing a roving and method for piecing a fiber association. |
| DE102012108613A1 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-20 | Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag | Spinning station of a roving machine |
| CH709605A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 | 2015-11-13 | Rieter Ag Maschf | A textile machine for the production of roving, as well as a corresponding method for operating the textile machine. |
| CH709607A1 (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-11-13 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Method for operating a textile machine for the production of roving, as well as textile machine at the moment. |
| CH709694A1 (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2015-11-30 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Spinning preparation machine for preparing a roving. |
| CH709756A1 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-15 | Rieter Ag Maschf | Spinneret for a spinning machine and air jet spinning machine with a corresponding spinneret. |
| CN106435871A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 长兴县大伟纺织有限公司 | Cleaning type drawing frame |
| CN114836864A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-08-02 | 江苏京正特种纤维有限公司 | Vortex core-spun yarn production device and production method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5921725A (en) * | 1982-07-21 | 1984-02-03 | Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd | False twist nozzle for bind spinning |
| DE3363972D1 (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1986-07-10 | Rieter Ag Maschf | False-twister |
| CA1291379C (en) * | 1984-12-03 | 1991-10-29 | Elbert F. Morrison | Vacuum spinning |
| DE3541219A1 (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-05-27 | Schubert & Salzer Maschinen | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SPINNING FIBERS |
-
1989
- 1989-12-08 CA CA002005018A patent/CA2005018A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-12-11 CN CN89109144A patent/CN1043353A/en active Pending
- 1989-12-11 EP EP19890312927 patent/EP0375242A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-12-12 JP JP1320700A patent/JPH02259121A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02259121A (en) | 1990-10-19 |
| EP0375242A2 (en) | 1990-06-27 |
| CN1043353A (en) | 1990-06-27 |
| EP0375242A3 (en) | 1990-11-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |