CA2149649C - Procede de blanchiment de pate contenant de la lignocellulose - Google Patents
Procede de blanchiment de pate contenant de la lignocellulose Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2149649C CA2149649C CA002149649A CA2149649A CA2149649C CA 2149649 C CA2149649 C CA 2149649C CA 002149649 A CA002149649 A CA 002149649A CA 2149649 A CA2149649 A CA 2149649A CA 2149649 C CA2149649 C CA 2149649C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- bleaching
- hydrogen peroxide
- complexing agent
- peracid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000004967 organic peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 170
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 nitrogenous organic compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009897 hydrogen peroxide bleaching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229960002163 hydrogen peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 81
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 19
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021655 trace metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- FHHJDRFHHWUPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxysulfuric acid Chemical compound OOS(O)(=O)=O FHHJDRFHHWUPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004133 Sodium thiosulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-aminophenyl)sulfonylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000350052 Daniellia ogea Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1026—Other features in bleaching processes
- D21C9/1042—Use of chelating agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/16—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds
- D21C9/166—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds with peracids
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne un procédé pour blanchir la pâte à papier contenant de la lignocellulose, dans lequel la pâte est d'abord traitée avec un agent complexant, puis délignifiée avec un peracide organique ou son sel, et ensuite blanchie avec un composé contenant un peroxyde, un dithionite d'ozone ou de sodium. Avant d'être blanchie, la pâte est lavée à un pH d'au moins 4 environ. La délignification est effectuée de manière adéquate avec l'acide peracétique fortement oxydant de sorte qu'un accroissement important de la brillance ainsi qu'une diminution importante du nombre kappa soient obtenus après le blanchiment. L'effet d'accroissement de la brillance est très sélectif, c'est-à-dire que la viscosité de la pâte est maintenue de manière importante. Grâce à un choix judicieux du pH dans toutes les étapes précédant le blanchiment sans chlore, les ions métalliques utiles sont retenus dans la pâte, et en même temps l'ajustement du pH entre les étapes est minimisé et les liqueurs de blanchiment nécessaires résultantes sont avantageusement utilisées pour le procédé, par exemple pour laver la pâte.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9203584A SE9203584D0 (sv) | 1992-11-27 | 1992-11-27 | Foerfarande foer blekning av lignocellulosahaltig massa |
| SE9203584-9 | 1992-11-27 | ||
| SE9300225A SE9300225D0 (sv) | 1993-01-26 | 1993-01-26 | Foerfarande foer blekning av lignocellulosahaltig massa |
| SE9300225-1 | 1993-01-26 | ||
| PCT/SE1993/001018 WO1994012722A1 (fr) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-25 | Procede pour blanchir la pate a papier contenant de la lignocellulose |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2149649C true CA2149649C (fr) | 2000-09-19 |
Family
ID=26661599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002149649A Expired - Fee Related CA2149649C (fr) | 1992-11-27 | 1993-11-25 | Procede de blanchiment de pate contenant de la lignocellulose |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0670929B2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH08503749A (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE141972T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU671337B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR9307520A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2149649C (fr) |
| CZ (1) | CZ285246B6 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69304342T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2091121T3 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI118572B (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX9307413A (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO306737B1 (fr) |
| NZ (1) | NZ258273A (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL309190A1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2097463C1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1994012722A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1007757A3 (fr) * | 1993-11-10 | 1995-10-17 | Solvay Interox | Procede pour le blanchiment d'une pate a papier chimique. |
| US5656130A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1997-08-12 | Union Camp Holding, Inc. | Ambient temperature pulp bleaching with peroxyacid salts |
| USH1690H (en) * | 1995-07-20 | 1997-11-04 | Nye; Jeffrey | Process for bleaching kraft pulp |
| SE9503004L (sv) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-01 | Sunds Defibrator Ind Ab | Blekning av massa |
| DE19704054C2 (de) * | 1997-02-04 | 2000-08-10 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserstoffen mit verbesserten Eigenschaften |
| US6702921B2 (en) * | 2001-05-01 | 2004-03-09 | Ondeo Nalco Company | Methods to enhance pulp bleaching and delignification using an organic sulfide chelating agent |
| DE602004011911T9 (de) * | 2004-06-14 | 2009-01-02 | Warwick International Group Ltd., Holywell | Aktivator zum Zellstoffbleichen |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2219505C3 (de) † | 1972-04-21 | 1974-10-17 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt | Chlorfreie Mehrstufenbleiche von Zellstoff |
| DE3005947B1 (de) † | 1980-02-16 | 1981-01-29 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Bleiche von Zellstoffen mittels organischer Persaeure |
| JPS5721591A (en) † | 1980-07-11 | 1982-02-04 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co | Peroxide bleaching of wood pulp |
| DE402335T1 (de) * | 1989-06-06 | 1992-04-09 | Eka Nobel Ab, Surte | Verfahren zum bleichen von lignocellulose enthaltenden zellstoffen. |
| US5091054A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1992-02-25 | Degussa Corporation | Process for bleaching and delignification of lignocellulosic |
| BE1004674A3 (fr) * | 1991-03-11 | 1993-01-12 | Interox Internat Sa | Procede pour le blanchiment d'une pate a papier chimique et application de ce procede au blanchiment d'une pate kraft. |
| DE4114135A1 (de) † | 1991-04-30 | 1992-11-05 | Sueddeutsche Kalkstickstoff | Verfahren zur chlorfreien bleiche und delignifizierung von alkalizellstoff |
| EP0844328A3 (fr) * | 1991-10-04 | 1998-07-15 | Solvay Interox, Inc. | Procédé pour l'amélioration de la sélectivité de la délignification d'une pâte à papier chimique |
| BE1006057A3 (fr) † | 1992-07-06 | 1994-05-03 | Solvay Interox | Procede pour la delignification d'une pate a papier chimique. |
-
1993
- 1993-11-25 RU RU9595113460A patent/RU2097463C1/ru active
- 1993-11-25 WO PCT/SE1993/001018 patent/WO1994012722A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1993-11-25 JP JP6513051A patent/JPH08503749A/ja active Pending
- 1993-11-25 BR BR9307520-0A patent/BR9307520A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-25 AU AU55831/94A patent/AU671337B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-11-25 AT AT94901142T patent/ATE141972T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-25 ES ES94901142T patent/ES2091121T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-25 NZ NZ258273A patent/NZ258273A/en unknown
- 1993-11-25 PL PL93309190A patent/PL309190A1/xx unknown
- 1993-11-25 EP EP94901142A patent/EP0670929B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-25 CZ CZ951328A patent/CZ285246B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-25 CA CA002149649A patent/CA2149649C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-25 MX MX9307413A patent/MX9307413A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-25 DE DE69304342T patent/DE69304342T3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-05-24 FI FI952551A patent/FI118572B/fi active IP Right Grant
- 1995-05-26 NO NO952074A patent/NO306737B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU95113460A (ru) | 1996-12-27 |
| FI952551A7 (fi) | 1995-05-24 |
| DE69304342D1 (de) | 1996-10-02 |
| ES2091121T3 (es) | 1996-10-16 |
| EP0670929A1 (fr) | 1995-09-13 |
| NO306737B1 (no) | 1999-12-13 |
| JPH08503749A (ja) | 1996-04-23 |
| BR9307520A (pt) | 1999-08-31 |
| MX9307413A (es) | 1994-07-29 |
| WO1994012722A1 (fr) | 1994-06-09 |
| FI952551A0 (fi) | 1995-05-24 |
| RU2097463C1 (ru) | 1997-11-27 |
| FI118572B (fi) | 2007-12-31 |
| AU671337B2 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
| NO952074L (no) | 1995-07-26 |
| ATE141972T1 (de) | 1996-09-15 |
| NO952074D0 (no) | 1995-05-26 |
| DE69304342T2 (de) | 1997-03-06 |
| PL309190A1 (en) | 1995-09-18 |
| EP0670929B2 (fr) | 2003-10-22 |
| CZ285246B6 (cs) | 1999-06-16 |
| NZ258273A (en) | 1996-08-27 |
| DE69304342T3 (de) | 2004-07-01 |
| AU5583194A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| EP0670929B1 (fr) | 1996-08-28 |
| CZ132895A3 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |