CA2303433A1 - Metal complexes of n-[n-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) -l-.alpha.-aspartyl]-l-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester - Google Patents
Metal complexes of n-[n-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) -l-.alpha.-aspartyl]-l-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
- C07K5/06—Dipeptides
- C07K5/06104—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being acidic
- C07K5/06113—Asp- or Asn-amino acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/30—Artificial sweetening agents
- A23L27/31—Artificial sweetening agents containing amino acids, nucleotides, peptides or derivatives
- A23L27/32—Artificial sweetening agents containing amino acids, nucleotides, peptides or derivatives containing dipeptides or derivatives
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Abstract
Dipeptide sweeteners are disclosed that are metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-.alpha.-aspartyl] -L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester represented by formula (I) wherein Xp+ is selected from the group consisting of Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+; Yq- is selected from the group consisting of Cl-, SO42-, PO43- and CH3COO-; x is a number from 1 to 4 and pn=qm. Also disclosed is a liquid low-calorie sweetener containing such metal complexes.
Description
TITLE
METAL COMPLEXES OF N-[N-(3,3-DIMETHYLBUTYL)-L-a-ASPARTYL]-L-PHENYLALANINE 1-METHYL ESTER
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention This invention relates to novel sweeteners. In particular, the invention relates to metal complexes of the N-alkylated aspartame derivative, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, i.e., neotame. The invention also relates to a liquid low calorie sweetener containing such metal complexes.
Related Background Art It is known that various N-substituted derivatives of aspartame, such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
5,480,668, are useful as sweetening agents. In particular, the N-alkylated aspartame derivative, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, is known as an extremely potent sweetening agent since its sweetening potency, on a weight basis, has been reported to be at least 50 times that of aspartame and about 10,000 times that of sucrose.
Since sweetening agents are often employed in aqueous solutions and beverages, it is important that they have an acceptable dissolution rate and an effective level of solubility to be commercially practicable. U.S.
Patent No. 4,031,258 describes certain inorganic salts of dipeptide sweeteners that provide improved dissolution and solubility. U.S. Patent 4,448,716 describes dipeptide sweetener-metal complexes with improved dissolution rates, solubility and stability.
N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, however, is not disclosed or suggested.
It is known that the physical properties, as well as the stability of aspartame and other peptides can be modified by conversion to their salts. This is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,031,258 and 4,153,737. U.S. Patent 4,153,737 also describes concentrated liquid low calorie sweeteners.
Structurally, however, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester and aspartame differ in that, in N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, a bulky neohexyl substituent is present on the amine nitrogen.
,COOH C COOH O
N~ N
H2N ~ OCH3 N ~ OCH3 O
~Ph ~Ph Aspartame Neotame This structural difference results in dramatic differences in the physical and chemical properties of these compounds. For example, the melting point of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester is 80°C, while that of aspartame is 248°C. In addition, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester has much higher solubility in organic solvents than aspartame, and a much lower solubility in water. It is also known that N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester has a higher stability than aspartame under some pH conditions, as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,480,688. The pronounced difference in sweetness between the two compounds is further evidence of their chemical dissimilarity.
Moreover, it is also known that a primary amino group such as the one on aspartame (pKa 7.7) generally has a different pKa than a secondary amino group such as the one on N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (pKa 8.1). Moreover, the pKa's of an amino acid are known to have a profound impact on food applications (Labuza, T.P. and Basisier, M.W., 1992, "Physical Chemistry of Foods", H.G.
Schwartzber and R.W. Hartel (Eds.), Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York). It is also well known that a secondary amine can not form Schiff base type compounds with carbonyl compounds while a primary amine may.
Furthermore, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester exhibits physiologically different behavior than aspartame as exemplified by the dramatic difference in sweetness. These differences are clearly indicative that the characteristics and properties of one can not be said to suggest those of the other.
METAL COMPLEXES OF N-[N-(3,3-DIMETHYLBUTYL)-L-a-ASPARTYL]-L-PHENYLALANINE 1-METHYL ESTER
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention This invention relates to novel sweeteners. In particular, the invention relates to metal complexes of the N-alkylated aspartame derivative, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, i.e., neotame. The invention also relates to a liquid low calorie sweetener containing such metal complexes.
Related Background Art It is known that various N-substituted derivatives of aspartame, such as disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
5,480,668, are useful as sweetening agents. In particular, the N-alkylated aspartame derivative, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, is known as an extremely potent sweetening agent since its sweetening potency, on a weight basis, has been reported to be at least 50 times that of aspartame and about 10,000 times that of sucrose.
Since sweetening agents are often employed in aqueous solutions and beverages, it is important that they have an acceptable dissolution rate and an effective level of solubility to be commercially practicable. U.S.
Patent No. 4,031,258 describes certain inorganic salts of dipeptide sweeteners that provide improved dissolution and solubility. U.S. Patent 4,448,716 describes dipeptide sweetener-metal complexes with improved dissolution rates, solubility and stability.
N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, however, is not disclosed or suggested.
It is known that the physical properties, as well as the stability of aspartame and other peptides can be modified by conversion to their salts. This is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,031,258 and 4,153,737. U.S. Patent 4,153,737 also describes concentrated liquid low calorie sweeteners.
Structurally, however, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester and aspartame differ in that, in N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, a bulky neohexyl substituent is present on the amine nitrogen.
,COOH C COOH O
N~ N
H2N ~ OCH3 N ~ OCH3 O
~Ph ~Ph Aspartame Neotame This structural difference results in dramatic differences in the physical and chemical properties of these compounds. For example, the melting point of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester is 80°C, while that of aspartame is 248°C. In addition, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester has much higher solubility in organic solvents than aspartame, and a much lower solubility in water. It is also known that N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester has a higher stability than aspartame under some pH conditions, as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,480,688. The pronounced difference in sweetness between the two compounds is further evidence of their chemical dissimilarity.
Moreover, it is also known that a primary amino group such as the one on aspartame (pKa 7.7) generally has a different pKa than a secondary amino group such as the one on N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (pKa 8.1). Moreover, the pKa's of an amino acid are known to have a profound impact on food applications (Labuza, T.P. and Basisier, M.W., 1992, "Physical Chemistry of Foods", H.G.
Schwartzber and R.W. Hartel (Eds.), Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York). It is also well known that a secondary amine can not form Schiff base type compounds with carbonyl compounds while a primary amine may.
Furthermore, N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester exhibits physiologically different behavior than aspartame as exemplified by the dramatic difference in sweetness. These differences are clearly indicative that the characteristics and properties of one can not be said to suggest those of the other.
While N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester is a highly potent sweetener, it is sparingly soluble in water and can give rise to dusting problems. Therefore, there is a ' need for N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester derivatives that have good dissolution and solubility properties in aqueous systems, and avoid dusting problems often encountered with fine powders. It would also be advantageous if the stability of N-[N-(3,3-dimethyibuty~)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester could be improved.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to dipeptide sweeteners that are metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester possessing good dissolution and solubility properties in aqueous systems. In particular, the metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester of this invention are represented by the formula.
COOH
H O (XP )n(Y~1_)m H ~
x wherein Xp' is selected from the group consisting of A1'', Fe2', Fe'', Caz', Mgz' and Zn2'; Yq- is selected from the group consisting of C1-, S042-, P04'-, HC00~ and CH,C00-; x is a number from 1 to 4 and pn=qm. The invention is also related to a liquid low calorie sweetener containing the metal complexes of this invention.
WO 99112955 PC"T/US98/18901 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The figure is a graph comparing the aqueous dissolution of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester at a target concentration of 0.05% by weight with an equivalent neotame concentration, i.e., the concentration of the neotame in each case is the same, of the calcium chloride and zinc sulfate complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed to metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, i.e., metal complexes of neotame. U.S.
Patent No. 5,480,668, U.S. Patent No. 5,510,508 and U.S. Patent No. 5,728,862, which describe the preparation of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester are incorporated by reference herein as if fully set forth. Thus, the starting material may be readily prepared by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue experimentation.
The metal complexes of this invention may be prepared by adding N- [N- ( 3 , 3 -dimethylbutyl ) -L-a-aspartyl ] -L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester and a metal salt to an amount of a solvent effective to dissolve both the N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester and the metal salt, and then stirring for a period of time to achieve formation of the metal complex. Suitable solvents include, water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. The metal complex product may be recovered by evaporating the solvent in vacuo. The metal complex product may also be recovered by freeze drying or spray drying the resulting solution.
The metal salts suitable for use in preparing the metal complexes of this invention include any of the salts formed between a metal cation, XP', selected from the group consisting of A1'', Fe2+, Fe'', Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2';
and an anion, Yq- selected from the group consisting of C1-, SO,2-, P04'~ and CH,COO- . These salts will have the formula (Xp') n (Yq ) m, wherein pn=qm, so as to render the salt electrically neutral. The complexes of this invention need not have a N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester to salt ratio of 1:1, but also include variations thereof.
Particularly preferred metal complexes of this invention include those formed between calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride or zinc sulfate, and N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-1-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester.
The metal complexes of this invention provide a number of improved properties over those of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester. In particular, the aqueous solubility is increased and the dissolution rate of the composition is greatly improved. These neotame metal complexes are sweet in taste. It is also believed that these sweetener metal complexes will have improved stability.
Thus, the metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester will be particularly useful in beverage systems, particularly since additional methods or mechanical preparations are diminished or not necessary to provide for quick dissolution such as desired in a table top sweetener.
The metal complexes of this invention may be admixed with known bulking agents to prepare tablets, powdered -and granular sweeteners using methods well known to those skilled in the art. Another advantage of the metal complexes of this invention is that they do not exhibit the dusting problems associated with N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester.
The metal complexes may also be used to prepare a liquid, low-calorie sweetener by dissolving a high concentration of the metal complex of this invention in an aqueous or alcoholic system, e.g., water, propylene glycol, water/propylene glycol, ethanol or a water/ethanol mixture. Such a liquid, low-calorie sweetener may find utility in such foodstuffs as gelatin desserts, fruit flavored beverages, cereal, cake mixes, fruit juices, syrups, salad dressings, pet foods, carbonated soft drinks, table top sweeteners and the like. Such utilities are not restrictive since other applications may include cough medicines, tonics and the like. One embodiment of this invention of particular interest contemplates a liquid table top sweetener as a replacement for sucrose and' other known sweeteners. The liquid low calorie sweetener generally will contain up to about 40% by weight of the metal complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, the concentration depending, of course, on the desired end use.
The Examples which follow are intended as an illustration of certain preferred embodiments of the invention, and no limitation of the invention is implied.
_ T _..
WO 99/12955 PCT/US9811890i Example 1 Calcium Chloride Complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester Calcium chloride dehydrate (3.23 g, 0.0220 mol) and N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (8.72 g, 0.0220 mol) were dissolved in 80 ml of methanol. The bulk of the methanol was removed from the resulting clear solution using a rotary evaporator at 33°C under house vacuum.
The residual solvent was removed using a mechanical vacuum pump, yielding the title complex (11.2 g). This complex (0.2 g) dissolved in water (100 mL) in less than 120 seconds (visual observation) and 140 seconds (spectrophotometric determination).
Example 2 Magnesium Chloride Complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (6.80 g, 0.0334 mol) and N-[N-('?,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (13.26 g, 0.0334 mol) were dissolved in 100 mL of methanol. The bulk of the methanol was removed from the resulting clear solution using a rotary evaporator at 33°C under house vacuum. The residual solvent was removed using a mechanical vacuum pump, yielding the title complex (17.7 g). This complex (0.2 g) dissolved in water (100 mL) in less than 120 seconds (visual observation).
WO 99112955 PC"T/US98/18901 g -Example 3 Zinc Sulfate Complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester Zinc sulfate heptahydrate (8.86 g, 0.0308 mol) and N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (12.21 g, 0.0308 mol) were dissolved in 120 ml of methanol. The bulk of the methanol was removed from the resulting clear solution using a rotary evaporator at 33°C under house vacuum. The residual solvent was removed using a mechanical vacuum pump, yielding the title complex (17.2 g). This complex (0.2 g) dissolved in water (100 mL) in less than 140 seconds (visual observation) and 180 seconds (spectrophotometric determination).
Comparative Example 1 Dissolution of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]
L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester in Water N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (0.1 - 0.2 g) was dissolved in water (100 mL). The compound completely dissolved in 5-8 minutes (visual observation). The dissolution of 1.0 g of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester in 100 mL of water required approximately 45 minutes.
Other variations and modifications of this invention will be obvious to those skilled in this art. This invention is not to be limited except as set forth in the following claims.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to dipeptide sweeteners that are metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester possessing good dissolution and solubility properties in aqueous systems. In particular, the metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester of this invention are represented by the formula.
COOH
H O (XP )n(Y~1_)m H ~
x wherein Xp' is selected from the group consisting of A1'', Fe2', Fe'', Caz', Mgz' and Zn2'; Yq- is selected from the group consisting of C1-, S042-, P04'-, HC00~ and CH,C00-; x is a number from 1 to 4 and pn=qm. The invention is also related to a liquid low calorie sweetener containing the metal complexes of this invention.
WO 99112955 PC"T/US98/18901 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The figure is a graph comparing the aqueous dissolution of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester at a target concentration of 0.05% by weight with an equivalent neotame concentration, i.e., the concentration of the neotame in each case is the same, of the calcium chloride and zinc sulfate complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed to metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, i.e., metal complexes of neotame. U.S.
Patent No. 5,480,668, U.S. Patent No. 5,510,508 and U.S. Patent No. 5,728,862, which describe the preparation of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester are incorporated by reference herein as if fully set forth. Thus, the starting material may be readily prepared by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue experimentation.
The metal complexes of this invention may be prepared by adding N- [N- ( 3 , 3 -dimethylbutyl ) -L-a-aspartyl ] -L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester and a metal salt to an amount of a solvent effective to dissolve both the N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester and the metal salt, and then stirring for a period of time to achieve formation of the metal complex. Suitable solvents include, water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. The metal complex product may be recovered by evaporating the solvent in vacuo. The metal complex product may also be recovered by freeze drying or spray drying the resulting solution.
The metal salts suitable for use in preparing the metal complexes of this invention include any of the salts formed between a metal cation, XP', selected from the group consisting of A1'', Fe2+, Fe'', Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2';
and an anion, Yq- selected from the group consisting of C1-, SO,2-, P04'~ and CH,COO- . These salts will have the formula (Xp') n (Yq ) m, wherein pn=qm, so as to render the salt electrically neutral. The complexes of this invention need not have a N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester to salt ratio of 1:1, but also include variations thereof.
Particularly preferred metal complexes of this invention include those formed between calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride or zinc sulfate, and N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-1-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester.
The metal complexes of this invention provide a number of improved properties over those of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester. In particular, the aqueous solubility is increased and the dissolution rate of the composition is greatly improved. These neotame metal complexes are sweet in taste. It is also believed that these sweetener metal complexes will have improved stability.
Thus, the metal complexes of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester will be particularly useful in beverage systems, particularly since additional methods or mechanical preparations are diminished or not necessary to provide for quick dissolution such as desired in a table top sweetener.
The metal complexes of this invention may be admixed with known bulking agents to prepare tablets, powdered -and granular sweeteners using methods well known to those skilled in the art. Another advantage of the metal complexes of this invention is that they do not exhibit the dusting problems associated with N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester.
The metal complexes may also be used to prepare a liquid, low-calorie sweetener by dissolving a high concentration of the metal complex of this invention in an aqueous or alcoholic system, e.g., water, propylene glycol, water/propylene glycol, ethanol or a water/ethanol mixture. Such a liquid, low-calorie sweetener may find utility in such foodstuffs as gelatin desserts, fruit flavored beverages, cereal, cake mixes, fruit juices, syrups, salad dressings, pet foods, carbonated soft drinks, table top sweeteners and the like. Such utilities are not restrictive since other applications may include cough medicines, tonics and the like. One embodiment of this invention of particular interest contemplates a liquid table top sweetener as a replacement for sucrose and' other known sweeteners. The liquid low calorie sweetener generally will contain up to about 40% by weight of the metal complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, the concentration depending, of course, on the desired end use.
The Examples which follow are intended as an illustration of certain preferred embodiments of the invention, and no limitation of the invention is implied.
_ T _..
WO 99/12955 PCT/US9811890i Example 1 Calcium Chloride Complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester Calcium chloride dehydrate (3.23 g, 0.0220 mol) and N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (8.72 g, 0.0220 mol) were dissolved in 80 ml of methanol. The bulk of the methanol was removed from the resulting clear solution using a rotary evaporator at 33°C under house vacuum.
The residual solvent was removed using a mechanical vacuum pump, yielding the title complex (11.2 g). This complex (0.2 g) dissolved in water (100 mL) in less than 120 seconds (visual observation) and 140 seconds (spectrophotometric determination).
Example 2 Magnesium Chloride Complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (6.80 g, 0.0334 mol) and N-[N-('?,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (13.26 g, 0.0334 mol) were dissolved in 100 mL of methanol. The bulk of the methanol was removed from the resulting clear solution using a rotary evaporator at 33°C under house vacuum. The residual solvent was removed using a mechanical vacuum pump, yielding the title complex (17.7 g). This complex (0.2 g) dissolved in water (100 mL) in less than 120 seconds (visual observation).
WO 99112955 PC"T/US98/18901 g -Example 3 Zinc Sulfate Complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester Zinc sulfate heptahydrate (8.86 g, 0.0308 mol) and N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (12.21 g, 0.0308 mol) were dissolved in 120 ml of methanol. The bulk of the methanol was removed from the resulting clear solution using a rotary evaporator at 33°C under house vacuum. The residual solvent was removed using a mechanical vacuum pump, yielding the title complex (17.2 g). This complex (0.2 g) dissolved in water (100 mL) in less than 140 seconds (visual observation) and 180 seconds (spectrophotometric determination).
Comparative Example 1 Dissolution of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]
L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester in Water N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester (0.1 - 0.2 g) was dissolved in water (100 mL). The compound completely dissolved in 5-8 minutes (visual observation). The dissolution of 1.0 g of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-a-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester in 100 mL of water required approximately 45 minutes.
Other variations and modifications of this invention will be obvious to those skilled in this art. This invention is not to be limited except as set forth in the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. A metal complex of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-.alpha.-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester represented by the formula wherein X p+ is selected from the group consisting of Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+; Y q- is selected from the group consisting of Cl-, SO4 2-, PO4 3- and CH3COO-; x is a number from 1 to 4 and pn=qm.
2. A metal complex according to claim 1, wherein (X p+)n(Y q-)m is calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride or zinc sulfate.
3. A liquid low-calorie sweetener composition comprising a metal complex of a dipeptide-sweetener represented by the formula wherein X p+ is selected from the group consisting of Al3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+; Y q- is selected from the group consisting of Cl-, SO4 2-, PO4 3- and CH3COO-; x is a number from 1 to 4 and pn=qm, dissolved in a consumable solvent or solvents in a concentration up to about 40% by weight of the composition to provide a high concentration liquid low-calorie sweetener.
4. A liquid low-calorie sweetener according to claim 3, wherein the solvent is ethanol, propylene glycol, water, ethanol/water or propylene glycol/water.
5. A liquid low-calorie sweetener according to claim 4, wherein (X p+)n(Y q-)m is calcium chloride, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, magnesium chloride or zinc sulfate.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US5850897P | 1997-09-11 | 1997-09-11 | |
| US60/058,508 | 1997-09-11 | ||
| PCT/US1998/018901 WO1999012955A1 (en) | 1997-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | METAL COMPLEXES OF N-[N-(3,3-DIMETHYLBUTYL) -L-α-ASPARTYL]-L-PHENYLALANINE 1-METHYL ESTER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2303433A1 true CA2303433A1 (en) | 1999-03-18 |
Family
ID=22017244
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002303433A Abandoned CA2303433A1 (en) | 1997-09-11 | 1998-09-11 | Metal complexes of n-[n-(3,3-dimethylbutyl) -l-.alpha.-aspartyl]-l-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6146680A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1012170A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1278826A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU9567998A (en) |
| BG (1) | BG104320A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9812767A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2303433A1 (en) |
| EE (1) | EE200000115A (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP0003574A3 (en) |
| ID (1) | ID27125A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL134915A0 (en) |
| LT (1) | LT2000029A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20001272L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL339190A1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI20329A (en) |
| SK (1) | SK3252000A3 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200000732T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999012955A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU3904800A (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2000-10-09 | Nutrasweet Company, The | Cereals and cereal-based food sweetened with n-(9n-(3,3- dimethylbutyl) -l-alpha- aspartyl) -l-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester |
| US6365216B1 (en) | 1999-03-26 | 2002-04-02 | The Nutrasweet Company | Particles of N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-α-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester |
| WO2000069282A1 (en) * | 1999-05-13 | 2000-11-23 | The Nutrasweet Company | Modification of the taste and physicochemical properties of neotame using hydrophobic acid additives |
| US20030008047A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-01-09 | Schroeder Steve A. | Stability enhancement of sweeteners using salts containing divalent or trivalent cations |
| US7326430B2 (en) * | 2000-07-18 | 2008-02-05 | The Nutrasweet Company | Method of preparing liquid compositions for delivery of N-[N- (3,3-dimethylbutyl-L-α-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester in food and beverage systems |
| US6225493B1 (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2001-05-01 | The Nutrasweet Company | Metal ion assisted N-[N-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-α-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester isomer resolution |
| US20110097449A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2011-04-28 | Conagra Foods Rdm, Inc. | Seasoning and method for seasoning a food product while reducing dietary sodium intake |
| US20080008790A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-10 | Michael Jensen | Seasoned food, seasoning, and method for seasoning a food product |
| US7923047B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2011-04-12 | Conagra Foods Rdm, Inc. | Seasoning and method for seasoning a food product while reducing dietary sodium intake |
| US20080038411A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-02-14 | Michael Jensen | Seasoning and method for enhancing and potentiating food flavor |
| CA2664585C (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2015-04-14 | Conagra Foods Rdm, Inc. | Seasoning and method for enhancing and potentiating food flavor utilizing microencapsulation while reducing dietary sodium intake |
| WO2012026499A1 (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-03-01 | 味の素株式会社 | Storage method and stabilizing agent for aspartyl dipeptide ester derivative |
| FR3102041B1 (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2025-02-14 | Aroma Sens | Sweetener for electronic cigarette liquids |
| BR112022023597A2 (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2023-02-07 | Balchem Corp | METAL DI-AMINO ACID CHELATES OR METAL TRI-AMINO ACID CHELATES |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4031258A (en) * | 1972-03-30 | 1977-06-21 | General Foods Corporation | Inorganic salts of dipeptide sweeteners |
| CA1028197A (en) * | 1973-04-02 | 1978-03-21 | Jeffrey H. Berg | Concentrated liquid low calorie sweetener |
| US4448716A (en) * | 1982-03-04 | 1984-05-15 | G. D. Searle & Co. | Dipeptide sweetener-metal complexes |
| FR2697844B1 (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1995-01-27 | Claude Nofre | New compounds derived from dipeptides or dipeptide analogues useful as sweetening agents, process for their preparation. |
| FR2719590B1 (en) * | 1994-05-09 | 1996-07-26 | Claude Nofre | Improved process for the preparation of a compound derived from aspartame useful as a sweetening agent. |
| US5728862A (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-03-17 | The Nutrasweet Company | Method for preparing and purifying an N-alkylated aspartame derivative |
-
1998
- 1998-09-04 US US09/146,965 patent/US6146680A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-11 ID IDW20000469A patent/ID27125A/en unknown
- 1998-09-11 PL PL98339190A patent/PL339190A1/en unknown
- 1998-09-11 CN CN98811052A patent/CN1278826A/en active Pending
- 1998-09-11 SK SK325-2000A patent/SK3252000A3/en unknown
- 1998-09-11 EE EEP200000115A patent/EE200000115A/en unknown
- 1998-09-11 BR BR9812767-5A patent/BR9812767A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-09-11 CA CA002303433A patent/CA2303433A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-09-11 SI SI9820061A patent/SI20329A/en unknown
- 1998-09-11 EP EP98949335A patent/EP1012170A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-09-11 HU HU0003574A patent/HUP0003574A3/en unknown
- 1998-09-11 IL IL13491598A patent/IL134915A0/en unknown
- 1998-09-11 AU AU95679/98A patent/AU9567998A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-09-11 WO PCT/US1998/018901 patent/WO1999012955A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-09-11 TR TR2000/00732T patent/TR200000732T2/en unknown
-
2000
- 2000-03-10 NO NO20001272A patent/NO20001272L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-04-06 LT LT2000029A patent/LT2000029A/en unknown
- 2000-04-10 BG BG104320A patent/BG104320A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO20001272L (en) | 2000-05-10 |
| EE200000115A (en) | 2000-12-15 |
| HUP0003574A2 (en) | 2001-05-28 |
| ID27125A (en) | 2001-03-01 |
| CN1278826A (en) | 2001-01-03 |
| IL134915A0 (en) | 2001-05-20 |
| TR200000732T2 (en) | 2001-06-21 |
| PL339190A1 (en) | 2000-12-04 |
| BG104320A (en) | 2001-02-28 |
| US6146680A (en) | 2000-11-14 |
| SK3252000A3 (en) | 2000-10-09 |
| BR9812767A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
| SI20329A (en) | 2001-02-28 |
| NO20001272D0 (en) | 2000-03-10 |
| EP1012170A1 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
| WO1999012955A1 (en) | 1999-03-18 |
| AU9567998A (en) | 1999-03-29 |
| LT2000029A (en) | 2000-12-27 |
| HUP0003574A3 (en) | 2001-08-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20030911 |