CA2307134A1 - Nanocomposites a interfaces activees prepares par broyage mecanique d'hydrures de magnesium et usage de ceux-ci pour le stockage d'hydrogene - Google Patents

Nanocomposites a interfaces activees prepares par broyage mecanique d'hydrures de magnesium et usage de ceux-ci pour le stockage d'hydrogene Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2307134A1
CA2307134A1 CA002307134A CA2307134A CA2307134A1 CA 2307134 A1 CA2307134 A1 CA 2307134A1 CA 002307134 A CA002307134 A CA 002307134A CA 2307134 A CA2307134 A CA 2307134A CA 2307134 A1 CA2307134 A1 CA 2307134A1
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Canada
Prior art keywords
hydride
compound
magnesium
nanocomposite
hydrogen
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Granted
Application number
CA002307134A
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English (en)
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CA2307134C (fr
Inventor
Robert Schulz
Guoxian Liang
Guy Lalande
Jacques Huot
Sabin Boily
Andre Van Neste
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Hydro-Québec
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Individual
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Priority claimed from CA002217095A external-priority patent/CA2217095A1/fr
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Priority to CA002307134A priority Critical patent/CA2307134C/fr
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Publication of CA2307134C publication Critical patent/CA2307134C/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes characterised by the uptaking media; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0018—Inorganic elements or compounds, e.g. oxides, nitrides, borohydrides or zeolites; Solutions thereof
    • C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/023—Hydrogen absorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes characterised by the uptaking media; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0018—Inorganic elements or compounds, e.g. oxides, nitrides, borohydrides or zeolites; Solutions thereof
    • C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys
    • C01B3/0047—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys containing a rare earth metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes characterised by the uptaking media; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0078—Composite solid storage media, e.g. mixtures of polymers and metal hydrides, coated solid compounds or structurally heterogeneous solid compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/383—Hydrogen absorbing alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
    • H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for preparing a nanocomposite based on magnesium and another element or compound known to absorb hydrogen and hardly miscible when ground with magnesium or its hydride, such as vanadium, titanium or niobium. The method is characterised in Chat it consists in submitting magnesium or a compound based on magnesium known to absorb hydrogen to hydrogenation to obtain the corresponding hydride in powder form. Said resulting powder hydride is then mixed with the other element or compound or a hydride of said other element or compound and the resulting mixture is subjected to intense mechanical grinding until the corresponding nanocomposite is obtained in the form of a hydride. Finally, if necessary, the resulting nanocomposite is subjected to hydrogen desorption. The invention also concerns the resulting nanocomposite based on Mg, which has the advantage of being inexpensive and highly efficient for storing hydrogen owing to its microstructure (that is owing to the nature of its interfaces and the spatial distribution of its constituents) which is extremely fine and provides an excellent synergistic effect between Mg and the other element or compound. L'invention vise un procédé de préparation d'un nanocomposite à base de magnésium et d'un autre élément ou composé connu pour absorber l'hydrogène et être peu miscible au broyage avec le magnésium ou son hydrure, tel le vanadium, le titane ou le nobium. Selon ce procédé, on soumet le magnésium ou un composé à base de magnésium connu pour absorber l'hydrogène à une hydrogénation en vue d'obtenir l'hydrure correspondant sous la forme d'une poudre. On mélange alors la poudre d'hydrure ainsi obtenue avec l'autre élément ou composé ou un hydrure de cet autre élément ou composé et on soumet le mélange ainsi obtenu à un broyage mécanique intense jusqu'à obtention du nanocomposite correspondant sous la forme d'un hydrure. Enfin, si requis, on soumet le nanocomposite ainsi obtenu à une désorption d'hydrogène. L'invention vise aussi le nanocomposite à base de Mg ainsi préparé, qui a l'avantage d'être peu coûteux et d'avoir des performances inégalées pour le stockage de l'hydrogène grâce à sa microstructure (c'est-à-dire à la nature des interfaces et à la distribution spatiale de ses composantes) qui est extrêmement fine et donne lieu à un effet de synergie incroyable entre le Mg et l'autre élément ou composé.
CA002307134A 1997-10-22 1998-10-21 Nanocomposites a interfaces activees prepares par broyage mecanique d'hydrures de magnesium et usage de ceux-ci pour le stockage d'hydrogene Expired - Fee Related CA2307134C (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002307134A CA2307134C (fr) 1997-10-22 1998-10-21 Nanocomposites a interfaces activees prepares par broyage mecanique d'hydrures de magnesium et usage de ceux-ci pour le stockage d'hydrogene

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2,217,095 1997-10-22
CA002217095A CA2217095A1 (fr) 1997-10-22 1997-10-22 Nanocomposites a interfaces activees prepares par broyage mecanique d'hydrures de magnesium et usage de ceux-ci pour le stockage d'hydrogene
PCT/CA1998/000987 WO1999020422A1 (fr) 1997-10-22 1998-10-21 Nanocomposites a interfaces activees prepares par broyage mecanique d'hydrures de magnesium et usage de ceux-ci pour le stockage d'hydrogene
CA002307134A CA2307134C (fr) 1997-10-22 1998-10-21 Nanocomposites a interfaces activees prepares par broyage mecanique d'hydrures de magnesium et usage de ceux-ci pour le stockage d'hydrogene

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2307134A1 true CA2307134A1 (fr) 1999-04-29
CA2307134C CA2307134C (fr) 2003-05-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002307134A Expired - Fee Related CA2307134C (fr) 1997-10-22 1998-10-21 Nanocomposites a interfaces activees prepares par broyage mecanique d'hydrures de magnesium et usage de ceux-ci pour le stockage d'hydrogene

Country Status (1)

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CA (1) CA2307134C (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112265957A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2021-01-26 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） 一种高储氢密度镁基储氢材料的制备方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112265957A (zh) * 2020-09-21 2021-01-26 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） 一种高储氢密度镁基储氢材料的制备方法
CN112265957B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2022-07-29 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所） 一种高储氢密度镁基储氢材料的制备方法

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Publication number Publication date
CA2307134C (fr) 2003-05-06

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