CA2391576C - Procedes de fabrication de papier utilisant des combinaisons d'enzyme et de polymere - Google Patents
Procedes de fabrication de papier utilisant des combinaisons d'enzyme et de polymere Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2391576C CA2391576C CA002391576A CA2391576A CA2391576C CA 2391576 C CA2391576 C CA 2391576C CA 002391576 A CA002391576 A CA 002391576A CA 2391576 A CA2391576 A CA 2391576A CA 2391576 C CA2391576 C CA 2391576C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- cationic polymer
- enzyme
- cationic
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001461 cytolytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 52
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- QLAJNZSPVITUCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathietane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCO1 QLAJNZSPVITUCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNODDICFTDYODH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran Chemical compound OC1CCCO1 JNODDICFTDYODH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001253 acrylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCNCC=C DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AZJYLVAUMGUUBL-UHFFFAOYSA-A u1qj22mc8e Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 AZJYLVAUMGUUBL-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/005—Microorganisms or enzymes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/02—Chemical or chemomechanical or chemothermomechanical pulp
- D21H11/06—Sulfite or bisulfite pulp
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/28—Starch
- D21H17/29—Starch cationic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
- D21H17/375—Poly(meth)acrylamide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/44—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups cationic
- D21H17/45—Nitrogen-containing groups
- D21H17/455—Nitrogen-containing groups comprising tertiary amine or being at least partially quaternised
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
- D21H23/765—Addition of all compounds to the pulp
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US16633099P | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | |
| US60/166,330 | 1999-11-19 | ||
| PCT/US2000/042119 WO2001036740A2 (fr) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-14 | Procedes de fabrication de papier utilisant des combinaisons d'enzyme et de polymere |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2391576A1 CA2391576A1 (fr) | 2001-05-25 |
| CA2391576C true CA2391576C (fr) | 2007-04-24 |
Family
ID=22602807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002391576A Expired - Lifetime CA2391576C (fr) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-14 | Procedes de fabrication de papier utilisant des combinaisons d'enzyme et de polymere |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1250487B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP4528478B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1281818C (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE483059T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU770908B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR0015768B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2391576C (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60045040D1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2350914T3 (fr) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02004886A (fr) |
| NZ (1) | NZ518975A (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT1250487E (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2001036740A2 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200203739B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008527191A (ja) * | 2005-01-05 | 2008-07-24 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ インコーポレイティド | 紙及び板紙中の殺菌剤の効力の強化 |
| BRPI0810278B1 (pt) * | 2007-05-16 | 2017-10-24 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | Method for one of the size reductions of contaminants, number or quantity of measurable particles and / or the treatment of organic fiber contaminants in paper manufacturing systems |
| WO2011130503A2 (fr) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | Procédé de fabrication de papier et système utilisant une combinaison d'enzyme et de coagulant cationique |
| WO2012025228A1 (fr) | 2010-08-25 | 2012-03-01 | Ashland Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc. | Procédé d'augmentation des avantages de l'amidon dans un matériau cellulosique réduit en pâte lors de la production de papier et de carton |
| CN103930619B (zh) | 2011-08-25 | 2016-12-07 | 索理思科技开曼公司 | 增加强度助剂在制造纸和纸板中的优势的方法 |
| WO2014087232A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-12 | Kemira Oyj | Compositions utilisées dans du papier et procédés de fabrication de papier |
| CN104153243A (zh) * | 2013-05-13 | 2014-11-19 | 广西南宁碧欧生物科技有限公司 | 一种新型促进打浆的纤维改性生物酶制剂 |
| CN103541259B (zh) * | 2013-10-19 | 2015-12-02 | 沅江浣溪沙酶技术有限公司 | 芦苇、狄苇造纸制浆用复合酶液的生产方法及应用 |
| BR102015032911A2 (pt) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-07-04 | Fibria Celulose S.A | Process for the production of pulp pulp, pulp pulp and its use, paper |
| US20210269972A1 (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2021-09-02 | Novozymes A/S | Method of making paper or board |
| CN110983851A (zh) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-10 | 山鹰华南纸业有限公司 | 一种提高纸机烘干部运行效率的方法 |
| US12031273B2 (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2024-07-09 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | System and method of dynamic corrective enzyme selection and formulation for pulp and paper production |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4894119A (en) | 1985-04-10 | 1990-01-16 | Drew Chemical Corporation | Retention and/or drainage and/or dewatering aid |
| FI85389C (fi) * | 1989-12-12 | 1992-04-10 | Enso Gutzeit Oy | Foerfarande foer tillverkning av massa. |
| US5169497A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1992-12-08 | Nalco Chemical Company | Application of enzymes and flocculants for enhancing the freeness of paper making pulp |
| US5256252A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1993-10-26 | Nalco Chemical Company | Method for controlling pitch deposits using lipase and cationic polymer |
| US5356800A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1994-10-18 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | Stabilized liquid enzymatic compositions |
| DK131193D0 (fr) * | 1993-11-23 | 1993-11-23 | Novo Nordisk As | |
| US5423946A (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1995-06-13 | Nalco Chemical Company | Cationic anionic polyelectrolytes for enhancing the freeness of paper pulp |
| KR100256636B1 (ko) * | 1994-04-12 | 2000-05-15 | 김충섭 | 종이내 충전물의 함량을 높이고 스코트 내부결합강도를 증가시키는 종이의 제조방법 |
| US5501770A (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1996-03-26 | Nalco Chemical Company | Enzymes in combination with polyelectrolytes for enhancing the freeness of clarified sludge in papermaking |
| JPH1025690A (ja) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-01-27 | Oji Paper Co Ltd | 片艶紙の製造方法 |
| FI990444L (fi) * | 1998-03-11 | 1999-09-12 | Nalco Chemical Co | Kuitumassan jauhautuneisuustilan lisäys |
-
2000
- 2000-11-14 CN CN00815720.0A patent/CN1281818C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-14 WO PCT/US2000/042119 patent/WO2001036740A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2000-11-14 DE DE60045040T patent/DE60045040D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-14 JP JP2001538607A patent/JP4528478B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-14 EP EP00991473A patent/EP1250487B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-14 CA CA002391576A patent/CA2391576C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-14 NZ NZ518975A patent/NZ518975A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-14 AT AT00991473T patent/ATE483059T1/de active
- 2000-11-14 PT PT00991473T patent/PT1250487E/pt unknown
- 2000-11-14 BR BRPI0015768-6A patent/BR0015768B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-14 AU AU32696/01A patent/AU770908B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-11-14 ES ES00991473T patent/ES2350914T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-14 MX MXPA02004886A patent/MXPA02004886A/es active IP Right Grant
-
2002
- 2002-05-10 ZA ZA200203739A patent/ZA200203739B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2003515002A (ja) | 2003-04-22 |
| CN1423717A (zh) | 2003-06-11 |
| MXPA02004886A (es) | 2003-02-27 |
| AU3269601A (en) | 2001-05-30 |
| ES2350914T3 (es) | 2011-01-28 |
| ATE483059T1 (de) | 2010-10-15 |
| BR0015768A (pt) | 2002-10-22 |
| WO2001036740A3 (fr) | 2002-02-07 |
| NZ518975A (en) | 2003-11-28 |
| EP1250487A2 (fr) | 2002-10-23 |
| EP1250487B1 (fr) | 2010-09-29 |
| DE60045040D1 (de) | 2010-11-11 |
| PT1250487E (pt) | 2010-11-29 |
| JP4528478B2 (ja) | 2010-08-18 |
| CA2391576A1 (fr) | 2001-05-25 |
| CN1281818C (zh) | 2006-10-25 |
| AU770908B2 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
| BR0015768B1 (pt) | 2009-08-11 |
| ZA200203739B (en) | 2003-02-26 |
| WO2001036740A2 (fr) | 2001-05-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20201116 |