CA2906254A1 - Procedes d'elimination du potassium, du rubidium et du cesium, separement ou ensemble, dans des saumures, et compositions resultantes - Google Patents

Procedes d'elimination du potassium, du rubidium et du cesium, separement ou ensemble, dans des saumures, et compositions resultantes Download PDF

Info

Publication number: CA2906254A1
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: brine; silica; tetrafluoroborate; chloride; potassium
Prior art date: 2013-03-13
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Pending

Application number

CA2906254A

Other languages

English (en)

Inventor

Stephen Harrison

Krishnamohan C.V. Sharma

Raghu BHAKTA

Pei-yu LAN

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Simbol Inc

Original Assignee

Simbol Inc

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2013-03-13

Filing date

2014-03-11

Publication date

2014-10-23

2014-03-11 Application filed by Simbol Inc filed Critical Simbol Inc

2014-03-11 Priority claimed from PCT/US2014/022962 external-priority patent/WO2014172032A2/fr

2014-10-23 Publication of CA2906254A1 publication Critical patent/CA2906254A1/fr

Status Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 194
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 176
ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 94
229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 94
239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 title claims description 94
229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 54
IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 54
229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 43
TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 41
239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 743
HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 743
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 240
-1 tetrafluoroborate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 172
WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 108
239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 79
239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 54
235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 54
FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Rb+] FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
CKCUWHAMJDWXOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-morpholino-1-phenyl-1-ethanol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)CN1CCOCC1 CKCUWHAMJDWXOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
239000012500 ion exchange media Substances 0.000 claims description 25
AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cs+] AIYUHDOJVYHVIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
229940102127 rubidium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
239000012508 resin bead Substances 0.000 claims description 11
RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
USJRLGNYCQWLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorophosphane Chemical compound ClP USJRLGNYCQWLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1018
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 501
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 460
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 230
230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 107
230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 106
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 101
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 82
HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 81
239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 74
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 63
VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 47
239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 47
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 47
229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 46
WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 33
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 31
239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 30
238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 28
235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 27
HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
MSNWSDPPULHLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-K ferric hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Fe+3] MSNWSDPPULHLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 25
229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 21
229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 20
AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 19
239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 19
235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 19
229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 18
238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 18
239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 18
239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 18
239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 18
239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 18
AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical class [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 15
PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 14
239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 13
XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 13
YQNQTEBHHUSESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium aluminate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Al]=O YQNQTEBHHUSESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 13
238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 13
229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 12
229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 12
239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 12
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 11
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 10
235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 10
229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 10
ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 10
239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 10
WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 10
NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 9
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 8
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 7
229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
239000012492 regenerant Substances 0.000 description 6
229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 6
229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
CUPCBVUMRUSXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].OOO Chemical class [Fe].OOO CUPCBVUMRUSXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 5
238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
JCQGIZYNVAZYOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC JCQGIZYNVAZYOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
LEHBURLTIWGHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridinium chlorochromate Chemical compound [O-][Cr](Cl)(=O)=O.C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 LEHBURLTIWGHEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 4
PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
229910020261 KBF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
108091006629 SLC13A2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000010442 halite Substances 0.000 description 3
230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910002551 Fe-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910004039 HBF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910021577 Iron(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 2
235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
FQIOHYRHRMILMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe+3].OOO Chemical class [Fe+3].OOO FQIOHYRHRMILMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 2
230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910021519 iron(III) oxide-hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 2
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239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910014478 Ca(BF4)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000012901 Milli-Q water Substances 0.000 description 1
229910017971 NH4BF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
229910006130 SO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
NDDCJNFXJXXCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-O [4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]-[4-(ethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl]methylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-yl]-diethylazanium Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(NCC)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(CC)CC)=C1C=CC([NH+](CC)CC)C=C1 NDDCJNFXJXXCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
SXCVESLCODHPSP-UHFFFAOYSA-I [Fe+2].[Ca+2].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-] Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Ca+2].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-] SXCVESLCODHPSP-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
RREGISFBPQOLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;trihydrate Chemical group O.O.O.[AlH3] RREGISFBPQOLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910000512 ankerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
LULLIKNODDLMDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic(3+) Chemical compound [As+3] LULLIKNODDLMDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
HAYXDMNJJFVXCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic(5+) Chemical compound [As+5] HAYXDMNJJFVXCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 description 1
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239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
JFBJUMZWZDHTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine chlorite Inorganic materials ClOCl=O JFBJUMZWZDHTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229940117975 chromium trioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+6] GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum chloride pentahydroxide dihydrate Chemical compound [Cl-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].O.O LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
IUMKBGOLDBCDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dicalcium;iron(2+);trisilicate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Fe+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IUMKBGOLDBCDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
JRONPIZRZBBOBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorine tetroxide Inorganic materials ClOCl(=O)(=O)=O JRONPIZRZBBOBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SAUMVKNLVQDHMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorine trioxide Inorganic materials ClOCl(=O)=O SAUMVKNLVQDHMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
CMMUKUYEPRGBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichromic acid Chemical class O[Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr](O)(=O)=O CMMUKUYEPRGBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C GQOKIYDTHHZSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052869 epidote Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 1
229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
238000013101 initial test Methods 0.000 description 1
230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J kaolinite Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical class [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Chemical class [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
HQRPHMAXFVUBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].OC([O-])=O HQRPHMAXFVUBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
150000004968 peroxymonosulfuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
REJGOFYVRVIODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanium;chloride Chemical class P.Cl REJGOFYVRVIODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052655 plagioclase feldspar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000012066 reaction slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-NJFSPNSNSA-N silicon-30 atom Chemical compound [30Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1

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Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)

CA2906254A 2013-03-13 2014-03-11 Procedes d'elimination du potassium, du rubidium et du cesium, separement ou ensemble, dans des saumures, et compositions resultantes Pending CA2906254A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US201361780308P	2013-03-13	2013-03-13
US61/780,308		2013-03-13
PCT/US2014/022962 WO2014172032A2 (fr)	2013-03-13	2014-03-11	Procédés d'élimination du potassium, du rubidium et du césium, séparément ou ensemble, dans des saumures, et compositions résultantes

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CA2906254A1 true CA2906254A1 (fr)	2014-10-23

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CA2906254A Pending CA2906254A1 (fr)	2013-03-13	2014-03-11	Procedes d'elimination du potassium, du rubidium et du cesium, separement ou ensemble, dans des saumures, et compositions resultantes

Country Status (2)

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AR (1)	AR095400A1 (fr)
CA (1)	CA2906254A1 (fr)

2014
- 2014-03-11 CA CA2906254A patent/CA2906254A1/fr active Pending
- 2014-03-13 AR ARP140100944A patent/AR095400A1/es unknown

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