CH120252A - Process for the preparation of highly concentrated caustic alkalis. - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of highly concentrated caustic alkalis.

Info

Publication number
CH120252A
CH120252A CH120252DA CH120252A CH 120252 A CH120252 A CH 120252A CH 120252D A CH120252D A CH 120252DA CH 120252 A CH120252 A CH 120252A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
preparation
highly concentrated
amalgam
concentrated caustic
alkalis
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Aktiengesellsc Farbenindustrie
Original Assignee
Ig Farbenindustrie Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ig Farbenindustrie Ag filed Critical Ig Farbenindustrie Ag
Publication of CH120252A publication Critical patent/CH120252A/en

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/76Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts; Selection of material therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02Details
    • H01H33/04Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121Load break switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01KELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K7/00Lamps for purposes other than general lighting
    • H01K7/04Lamps for purposes other than general lighting for indicating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02Details
    • H01H33/04Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H2033/085Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate using a flat arc chute, the width of arc chamber being only slightly greater then thickness of switch blade

Landscapes

  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Description

  

  Verfahren zur Darstellung     hochkonzentrierter        Ätzalkalilaugen.       Die Verfahren zur Darstellung von Ätz  alkali nach dem bekannten     Amalgamverfah-          ren    liefern bekanntlich infolge der Trägheit,  mit der das gewonnene Amalgam     mit        d m     Wasser reagiert, nur verdünnte Laugen. Zur       Gewinnung    konzentrierter Laugen müssen  die erhaltenen Lösungen eingedampft wer  den. Die Reaktion des Amalgams mit dem  Wasser zu beschleunigen und so direkt zu  konzentrierteren Laugen zu gelangen, war  Gegenstand vieler     Verbesserungen    des Ver  fahrens.

   So brachte man zum Beispiel das  Quecksilber mit andern unedlen nicht oder  schwer     amalgierbaren    Metallen     bezw.    Le  gierungen in Berührung, oder man beschleu  nigte die Reaktion dadurch, dass man das  Amalgam im Zersetzungsraum     anodis";h    po  larisierte. Aber auch bei     Benutzung    dieser  Kunstgriffe gelingt es nicht, hochkonzen  trierte Laugen zu erhalten.  



  Es wurde nun gefunden, dass man     Ätz-          alkalilaugen    von 60 % und darüber erhalten  kann, wenn man in Gegenwart von Sub  stanzen arbeitet, welche den bei der Zer-         setzung    des Amalgams auftretenden     \Va        s-          serstoff    beseitigen. Besonders eignen sich  hierzu reduzierbare Verbindungen, wie zum  Beispiel Nitroverbindungen aromatischer       Kohlenwasserstoffe.    Durch entsprechende  Wahl dieser Verbindungen lassen sich auf  diese Weise zugleich mit einer hochkonzen  trierten Lauge technisch wertvolle Reduk  tionsprodukte gewinnen, wodurch das Ver  fahren besonders vorteilhaft arbeitet.  



  <I>Beispiel:</I>  Zweckmässig auf elektrolytischem Wege  erzeugtes     Alkaliamalgam,    z. B. Natrium  amalgam, enthaltend 60 kg Na, lässt man  in ein Gefäss     einfliessen,    in dem es durch  kräftiges Rühren mit einer möglichst inni  gen Suspension von Wasser (100 kg) und  einem aromatischen Nitrokörper, z. B.     Nitro-          benzol    (60 kg), zur Reaktion gebracht wird.  



  Die Temperatur wird zur rascheren     Aus-          nützung    des Amalgams zweckmässig auf 80  bis 100   gehalten. Nach beendeter Einwir  kung wird die erhaltene Suspension abgelas-      sen und die gewonnene Natronlauge von dem  Reduktionsprodukt durch einfaches     Absit-          zenlassen    getrennt. Man erhält so 165 kg  einer reinen Natronlauge, die beim Erkalten  zum Hydrat 3     NafI0-,aq    kristallisiert, also  einer 62     %igen    Natronlauge entspricht. Die  Ausbeute auf Natrium ist quantitativ. Sol  len     verdünntere    Laugen gewonnen     werden,     so ist nur der Zusatz von Wasser zur Sus  pension entsprechend zu wählen.

   Der Nitro  körper, im Beispiel     Nitrobenzol,    wird     dureli     den aufgenommenen Wasserstoff in nahezu  quantitativer Weise in     Hydrazobenzol    (er  halten 44 kg) übergeführt.    Das Verfahren kann auch kontinuierlich  gestaltet werden.



  Process for the preparation of highly concentrated caustic alkalis. The processes for the preparation of caustic alkali according to the known amalgam process are known to deliver only dilute alkalis due to the inertia with which the amalgam obtained reacts with the water. To obtain concentrated alkalis, the solutions obtained must be evaporated to whoever. To accelerate the reaction of the amalgam with the water and thus to get directly to more concentrated alkalis has been the subject of many improvements in the process.

   Thus, for example, mercury was brought with other non-noble or difficult to amalgicable metals or. Alloys in contact, or the reaction is accelerated by anodizing the amalgam in the decomposition chamber. But even with the use of these tricks it is not possible to obtain highly concentrated alkalis.



  It has now been found that caustic alkali solutions of 60% and more can be obtained if one works in the presence of substances which remove the hydrogen that occurs during the decomposition of the amalgam. Reducible compounds, such as nitro compounds of aromatic hydrocarbons, are particularly suitable for this purpose. By appropriate choice of these compounds, technically valuable reduction products can be obtained in this way at the same time with a highly concentrated caustic solution, whereby the process works particularly advantageously.



  <I> Example: </I> Alkali amalgam expediently produced by electrolytic means, e.g. B. sodium amalgam containing 60 kg of Na, is allowed to flow into a vessel in which it is stirred vigorously with a suspension of water (100 kg) and an aromatic nitro body, z. B. nitrobenzene (60 kg) is caused to react.



  The temperature is expediently kept at 80 to 100 for more rapid utilization of the amalgam. After the end of the action, the suspension obtained is drained off and the sodium hydroxide solution obtained is separated from the reduction product by simply allowing it to settle. 165 kg of pure sodium hydroxide solution are thus obtained, which crystallizes to the hydrate 3 NafI0-, aq on cooling, that is to say corresponds to 62% strength sodium hydroxide solution. The yield on sodium is quantitative. If more dilute alkalis are to be obtained, only the addition of water to the suspension should be selected accordingly.

   The nitro body, in the example nitrobenzene, is converted into hydrazobenzene (he keeps 44 kg) dureli the absorbed hydrogen in an almost quantitative manner. The process can also be carried out continuously.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Darstellung hochkonzen trierter Ätzalhalilaugen durch Zersetzung von Alkaliamalgam mit Wasser, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umsetzung von Amalgam mit Wasser in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff aufnehmenden Verbindungen erfolgt. PATENT CLAIM: Process for the preparation of highly concentrated caustic soda solutions by decomposition of alkali amalgam with water, characterized in that the reaction of amalgam with water takes place in the presence of hydrogen-absorbing compounds.
CH120252D 1951-05-25 1926-04-15 Process for the preparation of highly concentrated caustic alkalis. CH120252A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE320531X 1951-05-25
DEC5396A DE1053615B (en) 1951-05-25 1951-05-25 Arc extinguishing chamber for electrical switches

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH120252A true CH120252A (en) 1927-05-02

Family

ID=25799604

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH120252D CH120252A (en) 1951-05-25 1926-04-15 Process for the preparation of highly concentrated caustic alkalis.
CH320531D CH320531A (en) 1951-05-25 1952-05-21 Disconnector with quick switching device

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH320531D CH320531A (en) 1951-05-25 1952-05-21 Disconnector with quick switching device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CH (2) CH120252A (en)
DE (1) DE1053615B (en)
FR (1) FR412771A (en)
NL (2) NL96095C (en)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1156470B (en) * 1959-06-11 1963-10-31 Licentia Gmbh Circuit breaker with flat fire chamber
US3056009A (en) * 1959-06-30 1962-09-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric-switch construction
DE1105947B (en) * 1960-03-23 1961-05-04 Siemens Ag Electrical switches, in particular switch disconnectors
DE1175315B (en) * 1960-05-10 1964-08-06 Continental Elektro Ind Ag Switch disconnectors
US3066209A (en) * 1960-12-08 1962-11-27 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Distribution side opening load break switch
DE1159538B (en) * 1961-01-21 1963-12-19 Energieversorgung Erfurt Veb Fire chamber for electrical switching devices
DE1143252B (en) * 1961-04-19 1963-02-07 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag Disconnector with Loeschkammer switch disconnection point
DE1134446B (en) * 1961-05-16 1962-08-09 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag Contact device for electrical switchgear
US3136874A (en) * 1961-06-28 1964-06-09 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Sealed arc chutes for an auxiliary interrupting blade of a circuit interrupter
DE2856670B2 (en) * 1978-12-29 1980-11-20 Concordia Sprecher-Schaltgeraete Gmbh, 7024 Filderstadt Flat arcing chamber
DE2949607A1 (en) * 1979-12-10 1981-06-11 Concordia Sprecher-Schaltgeräte GmbH, 7024 Filderstadt Flat fire chamber
FR2628259A1 (en) * 1988-03-01 1989-09-08 Merlin Gerin ELECTRICAL SHUT-OFF CIRCUIT BREAKER BY SHOCKPING OR EXPANSION OF INSULATING GAS

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE661809C (en) *
DE728612C (en) * 1934-10-20 1942-11-30 Siemens Ag Arc Chamber Switch
DE644580C (en) * 1935-02-23 1937-05-08 Frida Strauss Geb Ruppel Isolating switch with arc extinguishing device
DE671284C (en) * 1935-07-03 1939-02-03 Frida Strauss Geb Ruppel Oil-filled electrical apparatus with arcing under oil, especially Schlter
DE681438C (en) * 1935-09-03 1939-09-22 Frida Strauss Geb Ruppel Installation switch with arcing
DE673883C (en) * 1936-02-10 1939-03-30 Aeg Extinguishing pipe for electric gas switch
DE661561C (en) * 1936-09-08 1938-06-21 Aeg Extinguishing pipe for electrical switches
DE665376C (en) * 1937-05-29 1938-09-23 Aeg Switching chamber for electric gas switch
US2160681A (en) * 1937-12-30 1939-05-30 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit interrupter
DE680261C (en) * 1938-03-17 1939-08-25 Aeg Extinguishing pipe for electrical switches with arc extinguishing by gases and vapors
BE427269A (en) * 1938-03-25
DE690443C (en) * 1938-10-13 1940-04-25 Aeg Switching chamber for electric gas switch
DE690910C (en) * 1938-10-16 1940-05-10 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges Blow box for air switch with arc extinguishing by magnetic blowing
DE711654C (en) * 1938-11-06 1941-10-03 Aeg Electric circuit breaker with arc extinguishing by gases and vapors generated by the arc itself
DE725471C (en) * 1939-06-28 1942-09-23 Aeg Electric circuit breaker
DE708319C (en) * 1939-09-26 1941-07-17 Aeg Electric circuit breakers, in particular gas switches
DE726218C (en) * 1940-05-09 1942-10-08 Aeg Electric circuit breaker with arc extinguishing by means of extinguishing gas generated by the arc from solid gas-emitting switch room walls
DE737461C (en) * 1941-02-27 1943-07-14 Aeg Electric circuit breakers, in particular high-voltage switches
DE746525C (en) * 1941-03-09 1944-08-03 Elin Und Schorch Werke Ag Fuer Isolating switch with insulating ceramic intermediate piece between drive and cutting knife
DE874929C (en) * 1951-08-03 1953-04-27 Licentia Gmbh Electrical circuit breaker, in particular a gas switch, with an extinguishing chamber that emits extinguishing gas under the influence of the arc heat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL169844B (en)
CH320531A (en) 1957-03-31
FR412771A (en) 1910-07-22
NL226980A (en) 1960-06-15
DE1053615B (en) 1959-03-26
NL96095C (en) 1960-11-15

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