CH134985A - Method for preventing changes in the radiation constants of conductor surfaces which are located in a high vacuum space that is not free from mercury and other vapors. - Google Patents
Method for preventing changes in the radiation constants of conductor surfaces which are located in a high vacuum space that is not free from mercury and other vapors.Info
- Publication number
- CH134985A CH134985A CH134985DA CH134985A CH 134985 A CH134985 A CH 134985A CH 134985D A CH134985D A CH 134985DA CH 134985 A CH134985 A CH 134985A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- vapors
- mercury
- conductor surfaces
- free
- high vacuum
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Verhütung der Veränderung der Strahlungskonstanten von Leiter oberhäcnen, die in einem Hochvakuumraum liegen, der nicht frei von Quecksilber und anderen Dämpfen ist. Die Erfahrung hat gezeigt, dass blanke oder präparierte, zum Beispiel oxydierte oder gefärbte, Leiteroberflächen in einem Hochvakuum, das noch Quecksilber- oder an dere Dämpfe beliebig hohen Partialdruckes enthält, sehr bald grauschwarz gefärbte Punkte aufweisen.
Jede Veränderung der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit bedingt aber auch eine entsprechende Veränderung der Strah lungskonstanten, was bei D'ruckmessinstru- menten, zum Beispiel Vakuummetern, die auf dem Prinzip der Änderung der Wärme leitfähigkeit der Gase mit dem Druck be ruhen, von grossem Nachteil ist. Die Unter suchung dieser Erscheinung an Hitzdraht- vakuummetern hat gezeigt, dass die Ober flächenveränderung der Platinspiralen ihre Ursache in der Kondensation von Queck silber- und Fettdämpfen auf den kalten Spi ralen hat.
Im normalen Betrieb,; wenn der Heizstrom des Vakuummeters eingeschaltet ist, befinden sich die Spiralen auf einer Tem peratur von zirka 160-' C und eine Konden sation von Quecksilber- und Fettdampf auf ihrer Oberfläche ist nicht möglich. Die Kon densation findet stets in den Zwischenzeiten statt, wärend denen der Heizstrom ausge schaltet ist und die Spiralen kalt sind.
Erfindungsgemäss wird dieser Nachteil dadurch vermieden, dass die Temperatur die ser Leitoberflächen beständig höher gehal ten wird, als die Satt- oder Heissdampftem- peraturen der in Frage kommenden Dämpfe. Dieses kann zum Beispiel in der Weise ge schehen, dass die Leiter dauernd durch Wi derstands-, Induktions- oder Strahlungs heizung usw: geheizt werden.
So wird zum Beispiel bei Druckmessern, die auf dem Wärmeleitfähigkeitsprinzip beruhen, zum Beispiel bei Vakuummetern für Gleichrich ter, sowohl der Mess-, als auch der Heizstrom dauernd eingeschaltet, und zwar auch in den Zeitabschnitten, in denen die Vakuumappa, ratur des Gleichrichters ausser Betrieb ist.
Durch die dauernde Heizung gemäss der Erfindung wird erreicht, dass nicht die ge ringste Änderung der Instrumente eintritt, weil die Oberfläche der Platinspiralen blank bleibt. Da eine Verschmutzung der Ober fläche der Platinspiralen vermieden ist, ist auch das Vakuummeter vor Zerstörung geschützt.
Method for preventing the change in the radiation constants of conductors that are located in a high vacuum room that is not free from mercury and other vapors. Experience has shown that bare or prepared, for example oxidized or colored, conductor surfaces in a high vacuum that still contains mercury or other vapors of any partial pressure, very soon have gray-black colored points.
However, every change in the surface properties also requires a corresponding change in the radiation constants, which is a major disadvantage in pressure measuring instruments, for example vacuum gauges, which are based on the principle of changing the thermal conductivity of the gases with pressure. The investigation of this phenomenon on hot wire vacuum gauges has shown that the change in the surface of the platinum spirals is caused by the condensation of mercury and fat vapors on the cold spirals.
In normal operation ,; When the heating current of the vacuum meter is switched on, the spirals are at a tem perature of approx. 160- 'C and condensation of mercury and fat vapor on their surface is not possible. The condensation always takes place in the interim times during which the heating current is switched off and the coils are cold.
According to the invention, this disadvantage is avoided in that the temperature of these guide surfaces is kept constantly higher than the saturated or hot steam temperatures of the vapors in question. This can be done, for example, in such a way that the conductors are continuously heated by resistance, induction or radiant heating, etc.
For example, with pressure gauges that are based on the thermal conductivity principle, for example with vacuum gauges for rectifiers, both the measuring and heating current are switched on continuously, even in the periods in which the vacuum apparatus of the rectifier is out of operation is.
The constant heating according to the invention ensures that there is not even the slightest change in the instruments because the surface of the platinum spirals remains bright. Since contamination of the upper surface of the platinum spirals is avoided, the vacuum meter is also protected from destruction.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE134985X | 1927-12-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH134985A true CH134985A (en) | 1929-08-31 |
Family
ID=5665762
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH134985D CH134985A (en) | 1927-12-15 | 1928-11-21 | Method for preventing changes in the radiation constants of conductor surfaces which are located in a high vacuum space that is not free from mercury and other vapors. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH134985A (en) |
-
1928
- 1928-11-21 CH CH134985D patent/CH134985A/en unknown
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