CH156459A - Process for the production of condensation products from urea or its derivatives and formaldehyde with the lowest possible water content. - Google Patents
Process for the production of condensation products from urea or its derivatives and formaldehyde with the lowest possible water content.Info
- Publication number
- CH156459A CH156459A CH156459DA CH156459A CH 156459 A CH156459 A CH 156459A CH 156459D A CH156459D A CH 156459DA CH 156459 A CH156459 A CH 156459A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- formaldehyde
- urea
- derivatives
- condensation products
- production
- Prior art date
Links
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
- C08G12/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- C08G12/10—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with acyclic compounds having the moiety X=C(—N<)2 in which X is O, S or —N
- C08G12/12—Ureas; Thioureas
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kondensationsprodukten aus Harnstoff oder seinen Derivaten und Formaldehyd mit möglichst geringem Wassergehalt. Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kondensationsprodukten aus Harnstoff oder seinen Derivaten und Form aldehyd.
Bei der Heisskondensation von Harnstoff Formaldehydkondensaten in wässerigen Lö sungen wird nach bekannten Verfahren die Formaldehydlösung erhitzt und in diese heisse Lösung der Harnstoff gegeben. Man gelangt auf diese Weise zu klaren Massen. Durch das Erhitzen der Formaldehydlösung ent weicht ein grosser Teil des Formaldehyd gases aus der Flüssigkeit. Man ist deshalb gezwungen von Anfang an durch einen ganz erheblichen Überschuss von Formaldehyd- lös ung (Harnstoff: Formaldehyd im Verhältnis 1: 5) dieser Tatsache Rechnung zu tragen.
Hierdurch bekommt man aber anderseits un liebsame Wassermengen mit in das Kondensat.
.Manche Kondensationsprodukte, so zum Beispiel die nach dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellten, brauchen infolge dessen Monate zu trocknen, was sich als ausserordentlich nachteilig erweist. Künstliche Trocknung aber führt leicht zu störender Blasenbildung.
Man hat schon vorgeschlagen, um das Entweichen des Formaldehydgases bei der Heisskondensation zu verhindern, die Kon densation in geschlosseneiri Gefäss bei erhöh tem Druck im Autoklaven durchzuführen. Ein solches Verfahren bringt verschiedene Nachteile mit sich, zum Beispiel dass für das Verfahren Druckgefässe verwendet werden müssen, dass die Kondensation sich durch das Arbeiten im Autoklaven der Beobachtung entzieht, dass eine längere Zeit, meistens mehrere Stunden lang kondensiert werden muss. Erhitzt man aber die Formaldehyd lösung ohne Druck, so entweicht aus ihr ein Teil des Formaldehydgases.
Das Verfahren nach der Erfindung be schreitet einen andern Weg. Gemäss der Er findung wird nämlich der Harnstoff oder sein Derivat geschmolzen und in die entstandene Schmelze wird die Formaldehydlösung ein- geführt. Gemäss diesem Verfahren geht die Kondensation bei Atmosphärendruck und in der Wärme vor sich. Jedoch steigt die Tempe ratur nicht über den Siedepunkt des Wassers. Die Kondensation ist in wenigen Sekunden beendet, denn beim Hinzugiessen des Form aldehyds in den geschmolzenen Harnstoff fällt spontan eine kreidige, poröse, undurch sichtige Masse aus. Bei dem vorbeschriebenen Verfahren dagegen dauert die Kondensation mehrere Stunden.
Das Verfahren der Erfindung hat mit einem vorbekannten Verfahren nichts zu tun, nach welchem zum Zweck der kurzen Dauer der Reaktion und zu dem. Zweck ein mög lichst wasserarmes Kondensat zu erhalten, eine höchst konzentrierte Lösung von festen Polymeren des Formaldehyds verwendet wurde, in welcher Harnstoff gelöst wurde, worauf man die Flüssigkeit der Erhitzung unterwarf. Diesem vorbekannten Verfahren gegenüber hat das Verfahren nach der Erfindung er hebliche Vorteile. Diese bestehen insbeson dere darin, dass der nach dem vorliegenden Verfahren verwendete Formaldehyd viel bil liger ist, als die festen Polymeren des Form aldehyds (Triogymethylen). Ausserdem ge staltet sich das Arbeiten nach der Erfin dung bedeutend einfacher.
Im übrigen wird nach dem vorbekannten Verfahren ein .vis koses, das eingschlossene Wasser hartnäckig zurückhaltendes Produkt erhalten, das erst bei nachträglicher Erhitzung zum Erstarren gebracht wird. Nach der Erfindung dagegen fällt sofort eine feste, kreidige, poröse un- durchsichtige Masse aus, der das Wasser nur mechanisch anhaftet und die daher nach kurzer Trocknung durch Anwendung von Hitze und Druck weiterverarbeitet werden kann.
<I>Beispiel:</I> 100 gr Harnstoff werden bis zum Schmel zen erhitzt. Sobald der Harnstoff geschmolzen ist, giesst man in die Schmelze 200 gr 40 o/oige (Volum) Formaldehydlösung und gegebenenfalls einen Zusatz von Kondensa tionsmitteln, wie Salzen, Säuren, Basen (zum Beispiel 4 gr konzentrierte Schwefelsäure).
In ganz kurzer Zeit ist die Reaktion beendet und man erhält ein sehr poröses, kreidig aussehendes Produkt, welches man auswäscht und an der Luft trocknet und warm zu durchscheinenden oder hornartigen, kompakten lassen verpresst. Der Harnstoffschmelze kön nen Bindematerialien, Faserstoffe, Füllstoffe, Farbstoffe, sodann die üblichen Fliessmittel, wie Phenol, Kresol, Harnstoffderivate zuge geben werden.
Process for the production of condensation products from urea or its derivatives and formaldehyde with the lowest possible water content. The invention relates to a process for the preparation of condensation products from urea or its derivatives and formaldehyde.
In the hot condensation of urea formaldehyde condensates in aqueous solutions, the formaldehyde solution is heated according to known methods and the urea is added to this hot solution. In this way one arrives at clear masses. When the formaldehyde solution is heated, a large part of the formaldehyde gas escapes from the liquid. You are therefore forced to take this fact into account right from the start with a very considerable excess of formaldehyde solution (urea: formaldehyde in a ratio of 1: 5).
On the other hand, this results in unlovable amounts of water in the condensate.
.Some condensation products, such as those produced by the process described above, need months to dry as a result, which is extremely disadvantageous. Artificial drying, however, easily leads to annoying blistering.
It has already been proposed, in order to prevent the formaldehyde gas from escaping during the hot condensation, to carry out the condensation in a closed vessel at increased pressure in the autoclave. Such a process has various disadvantages, for example that pressure vessels have to be used for the process, that the condensation cannot be observed when working in an autoclave, and that condensation has to take place for a long time, usually several hours. However, if the formaldehyde solution is heated without pressure, part of the formaldehyde gas escapes from it.
The method according to the invention takes a different approach. According to the invention, namely, the urea or its derivative is melted and the formaldehyde solution is introduced into the resulting melt. According to this process, the condensation takes place at atmospheric pressure and in the heat. However, the temperature does not rise above the boiling point of the water. The condensation ends in a few seconds, because when the formaldehyde is poured into the molten urea, a chalky, porous, opaque mass spontaneously precipitates. In the process described above, however, the condensation takes several hours.
The method of the invention has nothing to do with a previously known method according to which for the purpose of the short duration of the reaction and for that. The purpose of obtaining a condensate with as little water as possible, a highly concentrated solution of solid polymers of formaldehyde was used in which urea was dissolved, whereupon the liquid was subjected to heating. Compared to this previously known method, the method according to the invention has considerable advantages. These are in particular that the formaldehyde used in the present process is much cheaper than the solid polymers of formaldehyde (triogymethylene). In addition, working according to the invention is significantly easier.
In addition, according to the previously known method, a .viscous product that stubbornly retains the enclosed water is obtained, which is only made to solidify when subsequently heated. According to the invention, on the other hand, a solid, chalky, porous, opaque mass immediately precipitates to which the water only adheres mechanically and which can therefore be further processed after a short drying period by applying heat and pressure.
<I> Example: </I> 100 grams of urea are heated until they melt. As soon as the urea has melted, 200 grams of 40% (volume) formaldehyde solution is poured into the melt and, if necessary, an addition of condensation agents such as salts, acids, bases (for example 4 grams of concentrated sulfuric acid).
The reaction is over in a very short time and a very porous, chalky-looking product is obtained, which is washed out and air-dried and then pressed warm to give translucent or horn-like compacts. The urea melt can be given binding materials, fibers, fillers, dyes, then the usual flow agents such as phenol, cresol, urea derivatives.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH156459T | 1931-11-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH156459A true CH156459A (en) | 1932-08-15 |
Family
ID=4410778
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH156459D CH156459A (en) | 1931-11-27 | 1931-11-27 | Process for the production of condensation products from urea or its derivatives and formaldehyde with the lowest possible water content. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH156459A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE947735C (en) * | 1952-11-13 | 1956-08-23 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | Process for the production of curable aminoplast, especially urea and melamine resin molding compounds |
| FR2453869A1 (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1980-11-07 | Charbonnages Ste Chimique | Urea!-formaldehyde! precondensate prodn. from solid formaldehyde - in presence of water and under specific reaction conditions of pH and reactants ratio |
-
1931
- 1931-11-27 CH CH156459D patent/CH156459A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE947735C (en) * | 1952-11-13 | 1956-08-23 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | Process for the production of curable aminoplast, especially urea and melamine resin molding compounds |
| FR2453869A1 (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1980-11-07 | Charbonnages Ste Chimique | Urea!-formaldehyde! precondensate prodn. from solid formaldehyde - in presence of water and under specific reaction conditions of pH and reactants ratio |
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