CH171709A

CH171709A - Electric device for the purification of fluids, in particular air.

Info

Publication number: CH171709A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Herbelot Paul
Original assignee: Herbelot Paul
Priority date: 1933-07-11
Filing date: 1933-07-11
Publication date: 1934-09-15

Description

Dispositif electriqne pour la pnrification des flnides, en partienlier de Fair. La presente invention concerne un disposi- tif electrique pour la purification des fluides et de Fair en partieulier. Electrical device for the pnification of flnids, partly from Fair. The present invention relates to an electrical device for the purification of fluids and air in particular.

Lorsqu'on utilise, pour purifier un fluide, Fionisation des particules en Suspension dann 1e fluide et leur precipitation Sur une Mee- trode au moyen d'un champ electrique, an a Brand interet ä rapprocher les electrodes de precipitation des electrodes ä haute tension. 0n obtient ainsi, en effet, les avantages sui- vants a) an peut reduire 1e trajet suivi par la particule entre 1e moment oü elle est ionisee ei. 1e moment oh. elle est precipitee Sur les (leetrod,-s. 0n peut donc, pour un meine effet, diminuer 1e volume de Fappareil; b) an peut reduire la tension qu'il est ne- ce=saire cl'appli.quer entre les electrodes pour obtenir un champ electrique donne, d'oiz di- minution du prix de revient, fa.cilite d'isole- ment, ete. When using, to purify a fluid, the ionization of the particles in suspension in the fluid and their precipitation on a metrode by means of an electric field, it is advantageous to bring the precipitation electrodes closer to the high voltage electrodes. In this way, in fact, the following advantages are obtained: a) an can reduce the path followed by the particle between the moment when it is ionized and e. 1st moment oh. it is precipitated on the (leetrod,-s. 0n can therefore, for the same effect, decrease the volume of the apparatus; b) an can reduce the tension which it is necessary to apply between the electrodes to obtain a given electric field, resulting in a reduction in the cost price, ease of insulation, summer.

Par contre, en reduisant la. distance entre les electrodes, an se trouve en presence d'in- conv6nients dopt 1e principal est que 1e col- matage des electrodes provoque tres rapide- ment 1'apparition de claquage et la mise hors Service de 1'appareil. On the other hand, by reducing the distance between the electrodes, there are disadvantages, the main one being that the clogging of the electrodes very quickly causes the appearance of breakdown and the putting out of service of the apparatus.

La presente invention qui resulte de re- cherches effectuees par Monsieur Pauthenier permet de conserver les avantages entraines par 1e rapprochement des electrodes tout en sitpprimant les inconvenients mentionnes. The present invention which results from research carried out by Mr. Pauthenier makes it possible to retain the advantages entailed by bringing the electrodes closer together while eliminating the disadvantages mentioned.

Le dispositif suivant Finvention est ca- racterise en ce qu'il comporte une chambre de depoussierage comp renant au moins une electrode negative et au moyen une electrode positive entre lesquelles an applique une ten- sion determinee, et par au moins un organe racleur pouvant se deplacer d'un mouvement relatif par rapport ä au moins une des elec- trodes precitees pour la debarrasser des par- ticules qui etaient en Suspension dans 1e fiuide et qui se sont precipitees Sur elle sous Faction du champ electrique. The device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a dedusting chamber comprising at least one negative electrode and by means of a positive electrode between which a determined voltage is applied, and by at least one scraper member which can be moving relative to at least one of the aforementioned electrodes to free it of the particles which were in suspension in the fluid and which precipitated on it under the action of the electric field.

Dans un Brand nombre d'appareils utili- wes pour la purification de Pair contenu dass les appartements bureaug, Balles de cafe, restaurants, cinemas, etc., an fait appel ä Fac- tion bactericide de Fozone gräce ä son pou- voir oxydant energique. Ces appareils pre- sentent 1'inconvenient de laisser en suspension ou meme, lorsqu'il y a un ventilateur, de re- mettre en suspension des poussieres et parti- cules solides irritantes ou nuisibles. In a number of devices used for the purification of the air contained in office apartments, cafeterias, restaurants, cinemas, etc., an appeal is made to the bactericidal action of ozone thanks to its energetic oxidizing power. . These devices have the disadvantage of leaving in suspension or even, when there is a fan, of resuspending irritating or harmful dust and solid particles.

Dans d'autres appareils, tels que les "aspi- rateurs", an arrete generalement au moyen d'un filtre les particules de relativement gros diametre et qui sont en suspension dans Pair traversant Pappareil. Malheureusement, ces a.ppareils laissent passer et remettent en cir- culation les particules les plus fines et qui sont quelquefois les plus nuisibles, saus leur faire subir aucune destruction d'ordre chimi- que ni aucune precipitation. In other devices, such as "vacuum cleaners", a filter generally stops particles of relatively large diameter which are suspended in the air passing through the device. Unfortunately, these devices let through and recirculate the finest particles, which are sometimes the most harmful, without subjecting them to any chemical destruction or precipitation.

Le dispositif utilise conformement ä la presente invention est susceptible non senle- ment d'arreter les particules solides ou li quides tres fines contenues en suspension dans fair qui traverse Pappareil (fumee, poussie- res, etc.), mais encore de fournir, ä la sortie dc 1'appareil, un air qui se trouve automati- quement purifie de tous germes nuisibles. The device used in accordance with the present invention is capable not only of stopping the very fine solid particles or liquids contained in suspension in the air which passes through the apparatus (smoke, dust, etc.), but also of providing, at the outlet of the apparatus, an air which is automatically purified of all harmful germs.

Sur 1e dessin annexe, donne ä titre d'exemple, La fix. 1 represente une vue en plan dune forme d'execution de Vobjet de Finvention; La fix. 2 est une vue en coupe suivant II-11 de la fix. 1; Les fix. 3 et 4 sont des vues analogues aux fix. 1 et `? et montrent une variante du dispositif ; La fix. 5 se rapporte au cas oü les elec- trodes positives sont constituees par des dis- ques; eile represente une vue en coupe verti- cale Passant par Faxe des disques et montre un dispositif de racleurs flexibles; La fix. 6 est une vue en coupe verticale et represente un dispositif de racleurs flexi bles Jans 1e cas oii 1'e1ectrode positive est constituee par un cylindre. On the attached drawing, gives by way of example, the fix. 1 shows a plan view of one embodiment of the object of the invention; The fix. 2 is a sectional view along II-11 of the fix. 1; Fixes. 3 and 4 are views similar to the fixes. 1 and `? and show a variant of the device; The fix. 5 relates to the case where the positive electrodes consist of discs; it shows a vertical cross-sectional view passing through the discs and shows a flexible scraper arrangement; The fix. 6 is a vertical sectional view and represents a flexible scraper device Jans 1st case where the positive electrode is constituted by a cylinder.

Dans la chambre de depoussierage 1 (fix. 1 et 2), les electrodes positives sont consti- tuks par des disques 2 solidaires -d'un axe condueteur 3. Les electrodes negatives sont constituees par des fils fins 4 paralleles aux disques 2 ou par des rubans minces; elles sont isolees de ces disques au moyen de subs- tance isolante 5. Les Pils ou rubans font, avec la direction du courant gazeux, un an gle quelconque. L'organe racleur est, ici, constitue par une serie de languettes 6 soli- ;laires du bäti de 1'appareil et appuyant sur les disques. In the dedusting chamber 1 (fix. 1 and 2), the positive electrodes are constituted by discs 2 integral with a conductive shaft 3. The negative electrodes are constituted by fine wires 4 parallel to the discs 2 or by thin ribbons; they are insulated from these discs by means of insulating substance 5. The Pils or ribbons make any angle with the direction of the gas current. The scraper member is, here, constituted by a series of tongues 6 which are integral with the frame of the device and pressing on the discs.

A titre d'exemple, an peut mentionner que, dans une serie d'experiences particu- lieres, an a obtenu de bons resultats en dis- posant les electrodes haute tension ä une dis- tance de 10 mm des electrodes reliees ä la terre. La tension utilisee etait de Vordre de 6000 volts et les electrodes haute tension etaient constituees par un quadrillage de fils de nickel de 0,2 mm de diametre. By way of example, an can mention that, in a series of particular experiments, an obtained good results by arranging the high voltage electrodes at a distance of 10 mm from the electrodes connected to the earth. The voltage used was of the order of 6000 volts and the high voltage electrodes consisted of a grid of nickel wires 0.2 mm in diameter.

L'air ou 1e fluide ä depoussierer ou ä puri- fier traverse Fappareil gräce ä un ventilateur 7 mü par un moteur synchrone B. The air or the fluid to be dedusted or purified passes through the apparatus thanks to a fan 7 driven by a synchronous motor B.

Sur Parbre de ce moteur, un redresseur tournant 9 permet de redresser 1e courant haute tension produit par un transforma- teur 10. On the shaft of this motor, a rotating rectifier 9 makes it possible to rectify the high voltage current produced by a transformer 10.

Enfin, en 11, se trouve Forgane collec- teur Jans lequel seront rassemblees les pous- sieres et les particules qui ont ete prAcipi- t6es sur les electrodes. Finally, at 11, there is the collector organ Jans which will collect the dust and the particles which have been precipitated on the electrodes.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif deciit est 1e suivant; L'air ou 1e fluide ä depoussierer ou ä purifier penetrera par exemple par 1'extre- mite 12 de 1'appareil; sous 1'influence de la haute tension existant entre les fils et les disques, les particules solides ou liquides sont precipitees sur les parois des disques et une Partie de 1'oxygene de Fair est transfor- m6e en ozone. L'air sort de 1'appareil en 13 contenant une certaine quantite d'ozone et prive de toutes particules solides ou liquides. The operation of the device described is as follows; The air or the fluid to be dedusted or purified will enter, for example, through the end 12 of the apparatus; under the influence of the high tension existing between the wires and the disks, the solid or liquid particles are precipitated on the walls of the disks and part of the oxygen in the Air is transformed into ozone. The air leaves the apparatus at 13 containing a certain quantity of ozone and deprives it of any solid or liquid particles.

La teneur en ozone est d'ailleurs reglee par la tension appliquee ä Pappareil. The ozone content is also regulated by the voltage applied to the apparatus.

Le raclage des electrodes se fait en tour- nant de temps ä: autre les disques autour de Faxe 3, au moyen d'un bouton 14. The scraping of the electrodes is done by turning the discs from time to time around Faxe 3, by means of a button 14.

Un ou plusieurs organes fixes sur les dis- ques donnent aux racleurs de petites secous- ses qui facilitent la chute du depöt dans 1e eollecteur 11. La rotation des disques pour- rait etre automatique; il suffirait, au moyen d'un dispositif convenable, d'utiliser ä oet effet une Partie de l'energie fournie par 1e moteur B. One or more members fixed on the discs give the scrapers small jolts which facilitate the fall of the deposit into the collector 11. The rotation of the discs could be automatic; it would suffice, by means of a suitable device, to use for this purpose part of the energy supplied by the motor B.

Daus 1a variante du dispositif representee sur les fig. 3 et 4 du dessin annexe, an a envisage 1e cas an les electrodes negatives, de meme que les electrodes positives, sont pe- r:odiquement rlebarrassees des particules qui y adherent. Daus ce but, les electrodes posi tives sont constituees par plusieurs series de disques 2. Les electrodes negatives sont cons- titu6es par des fils ou rubans enroules de fac,on ä former des figures planes 15. Ces f igures planes viennent s'intercaler entre les electrodes positives et sont montees sur un axe 16 que 1'on peut faire tourner au moyen d'un bouton 17. Par cette rotation et gräce aux organes racleurs 18, an debarrasse les electrodes negatives des particules qui y a.rl- hArent. Daus 1a variant of the device shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 of the appended drawing, the case has been considered where the negative electrodes, as well as the positive electrodes, are periodically freed of particles adhering thereto. For this purpose, the positive electrodes are constituted by several series of discs 2. The negative electrodes are constituted by wires or ribbons wound so as to form flat figures 15. These flat figures are inserted between the positive electrodes and are mounted on a shaft 16 which can be rotated by means of a button 17. By this rotation and thanks to the scraper members 18, an rids the negative electrodes of the particles which a.rl- hArent there.

Les fig. 5 et 6 montrent des dispositifs racleurs souples susceptibles d'etre constam- ment appliques contre 1'electrode ä nettoyer. Figs. 5 and 6 show flexible scraper devices capable of being constantly applied against the electrode to be cleaned.

Sur la fig. 5, les Plaques positives sont constituees par des disques 19 et les racleurs sont constitues par des lames metalliques flexibles 20 appliquees contre les disques au moyen de ressorts 21. Ces racleurs sont main- tenus en place gräce ä, 1'existence de tetons 22 fixes aux racleurs. In fig. 5, the Positive Plates are constituted by discs 19 and the scrapers are constituted by flexible metal blades 20 applied against the discs by means of springs 21. These scrapers are held in place thanks to the existence of pins 22 fixed to the scrapers.

Daus cet exemple, les racleurs 20 restünt toujours appliques contre les disques Pendant la rotation de ces derniers autour de Faxe 23, meme si la planeite des surfaces des disques ou 1e parallelisme des disques entre eux ne sont pas Parfaits. In this example, the scrapers 20 always remain applied against the discs during the rotation of the latter around faxe 23, even if the flatness of the surfaces of the discs or the first parallelism of the discs between them are not perfect.

Conformement ä Fexemple represente sur la fig. 6, 1'electrode positive est constituee par un cylindre 24 et 1'electrode negative esi constituee par un fil central 25. L'organe racleur peut etre constitue par un fil m6tal- lique elastique ou un ruban elastique 26 en roule en helice et qui vient s'appliquer contre la surface interne du cylindre. A la Partie inferieure ou ä la Partie superieure, 1'extre- mit6 de ce fil ou ruban est reliee ä, un dis- positif 27 approprie qui peut lui communi- quer un mouvement de rotation autoür de Page du cylindre. Les poussieres ou parti- cules qui sont venues se fixer contre la paroi interne du cylindre 24 .sont alors entrainees, de preference vers le bas, par 1e fil ou ruban 26 faisant fonction de vis d'Archimede. L'or- gane racleur reste continuellement applique contre la surface interne du cylindre 24 meme si ladite surface interne n'est pas rigoureuse- ment cylindrique. According to the example shown in fig. 6, the positive electrode is constituted by a cylinder 24 and the negative electrode is constituted by a central wire 25. comes to rest against the inner surface of the cylinder. At the lower part or at the upper part, the end 6 of this wire or ribbon is connected to a suitable device 27 which can impart to it a rotational movement around the cylinder. The dust or particles which have become fixed against the internal wall of the cylinder 24 are then entrained, preferably downwards, by the wire or tape 26 acting as an Archimedean screw. The scraper member remains continuously pressed against the internal surface of the cylinder 24 even if said internal surface is not strictly cylindrical.

Le dispositif, objet de 1'invention; I> n'est pas uniquement applicable ä fair, mais ä tour les courants de fluides susceptibles d'etre purifies et contenant des particules solides ou liquides en suspension. The device, object of the invention; It is not only applicable to just, but also to streams of fluids capable of being purified and containing solid or liquid particles in suspension.

Il est bien evident que les exemples d'exe- cution de 1'invention qui out ete deerits out ete donnes ä titre indicatif et non limitatif. Par exemple, dans certains cas, 1e courant de fluide ä depoussierer a dejä par lui-meme une vitesse suffisante et 1e ventilateur de- vient inutile (au-dessous des radiateurs de chauffage, par exemple). It is quite obvious that the examples of execution of the invention which have been described have been given by way of indication and not limitation. For example, in some cases, the stream of fluid to be dedusted already has sufficient speed by itself and the fan becomes unnecessary (under the heating radiators, for example).

Daus 1e ca,s oü 1e venhlateur serait sup- prime, la source haute tension contmue pour- rait etre constituee par un transformateur elevateur de tension et une ou plusieurs val- ves de redressement. In the case where the fan is removed, the continuous high voltage source could be constituted by a voltage step-up transformer and one or more rectifying valves.

Claims

CLAIM Electric device for the purification of fluids and in particular for the dust removal of air, characterized in that it comprises a dust removal chamber comprising at least one negative electrode and at least one positive electrode between which an applies a determined voltage, and by at least one scraper member able to move with a relative movement with respect to, at least one of the aforementioned electrodes to rid it of the particles which were in suspension in the fluid and which are precipitated on the island under the action of the electric field. SUB-CLAIMS 1 Device according to claim, characterized in that the negative electrode is constituted by a very thin ribbon.

2 Device according to the claim, charac terized in that the negative electrode consists of a very fine wire. 8 Device according to claim, carae tAris6 in that the positive 1'eleetrode is constituted by a disc which can rotate around its axis, while the raeleur 1'organisation is constituted by a tongue appliquze against the first disc. 4 Device according to claim, carae t6ris6 in that 1'electrode is constituted by 2n flexible device. 5 Device according to claim, carae terise in that the first scraper is made of a flexible mute. 6 Device according to claim and sub-claim 8, earaeterise in that the scraper member is constituted by a flexible metal laure applied against 1'eleetrode by means of springs.

7 Device as claimed, charac t@ris6 in that positive Velectrode affects the shape of a cylinder. 8 Device according to claim and sub-claim 7, characterized in that the scraper Vorgane is constituted by a wire metalliq: ue wound in the shape of a helix and can eire driven by a rotational movement around the axis of the cylinder. 9 Device according to claim, characterized by a fan arranged in the dedusting chamber, driven by a synehronous motor and intended to bring into the apparatus the first fluid stream to be dusted. 10 Device according to claim, characterized in that it comprises a high voltage electrical source consisting of a voltage step-up transformer and a rectifier.