CH198425A

CH198425A - Rotating fire protection device in film projection booths.

Info

Publication number: CH198425A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Louis Sauva; Rodolfo Vicini
Original assignee: Louis Sauva; Rodolfo Vicini
Priority date: 1936-11-06
Filing date: 1937-07-05
Publication date: 1938-06-30

Description

Dispositif rotatif de protection contra Fincendie dann los cabines de projections cinematographiqnes. Rien n'est plus dangereux que de placer une matiere essentiellement inflammable, telle que 1e celluloid, devant un condensateur de rayons lumineux obtenus par un arc elec- trique. C'est cependant sur ce danger qu'est essentiellement realisee la projection cinema- tographique dopt la diffusion s'est etendue sur tout 1'univers. Rotating fire protection device in cinematographic projection booths. Nothing is more dangerous than placing an essentially inflammable material, such as celluloid, in front of a condenser of light rays obtained by an electric arc. It is, however, on this danger that the cinematographic projection is essentially carried out and the diffusion has spread over the whole universe.

Aussi las cas d'incendies dans las cine- matographes sont frequents et ils presentent toujours de tres graves dangers. Also, cases of fires in cinematographs are frequent and always present very serious dangers.

Pour las eviter, ou a Rabli de nombreux appareils de securit6 parmi lesquels il faut mentionner ceug ä fonctionnement rotatif. Ces appareils ont dejä contribue ä donner une securite appreciable mais qui ne repond pas encore ä celle- recherchde par suite des imperfections relevees dans ce genre d7appa- reils. To avoid them, or to eliminate numerous safety devices, among which we must mention a rotary-operated ceug. These devices have already contributed to providing considerable safety, but which does not yet meet that which is sought after due to the imperfections noted in this type of device.

C'est ainsi qu'on a dejä cönstruit un ap- pareil- rotatif ä circuit electrique ouvert, cet appareil etant pourvu de billes- metälliques qui sont disposees pour fermer ce circuit sur des appareils de protection au moment du danger. Thus, a rotary device with an open electrical circuit has already been constructed, this device being provided with metal balls which are arranged to close this circuit on protective devices at the moment of danger.

Cependant 1'experience n'a pas tarde ä demontrer que si ce principe presentait des avantages, il presentait aussi des desavan- tages aboutissant ä des prejudices serieux. However, experience was quick to show that while this principle had advantages, it also had disadvantages leading to serious harm.

C'est ainsi que ces appareils etaient constitues pour -fonctionner sur des circuits electriques ouverts alors qu'il etait indispen- sable de las utiliser sur des circuits electri- ques fermes suivant las conditions et Agle- ments administratifs en cours, et que las billes assurant las contacts älectriques ne tar- daient pas, sous 1'influence des etincelles de ruptures, mC-me de tres petite intensite-, ä se deteriorer et il ne plus pouvoir assurer leurs conditions primordiales de fonctionne- ment consistant essentiellement dans la rup- ture et la mise en circuit electrique immer diat des differents appareils de protection. This is how these devices were made to operate on open electrical circuits whereas it was essential to use them on closed electrical circuits according to the conditions and administrative regulations in force, and that the balls ensuring the electrical contacts were not slow, under the influence of the sparks of ruptures, even of very low intensity, to deteriorate and it could no longer ensure their primordial operating conditions consisting essentially in the rupture. ture and the immer diat electrical circuitry of the various protective devices.

L'invention a pour but de supprimer ces imperfections. Elle a pour objet un dispo- sitif rotatif de protection contre 1'incendie dans les cabines de projections cinematogra- phiques, ce dispositif etant caracterise par des chambres disposees radialement ä 1'inte- rieur d'un rupteur rotatif destin6 ä etre en train6 par 1e film, Ges chambres contenant des massec de mercure enrob6es dans un pro- duit liquide ä, bare lubrifiante, Ges massec de mercure 6tant susceptibles de fermer un circuit -6lectrique quand elles sont soumises ä 1'action de la force centrifuge et d'ouvrir ce circuit des que cette force cesse d'agir. The object of the invention is to eliminate these imperfections. Its subject is a rotary device for protection against fire in cinema projection booths, this device being characterized by chambers arranged radially inside a rotary switch intended to be in the process of the film, the chambers containing masses of mercury coated in a liquid product with a lubricating bar, the masses of mercury being capable of closing an electrical circuit when they are subjected to the action of centrifugal force and of opening this circuit as soon as this force ceases to act.

Le dessin annexe represente, ä titre d'exemple, une forme d'execution du dispo- sitif faisant 1'objet de 1'invention. The appended drawing shows, by way of example, one embodiment of the device which is the subject of the invention.

Les fig. 1 et 2 representent sch6matique- ment 1e rupteur rotatif que comporte 1e dis- positif, dans sa Position darret et dans sa Position de fonetionnement; La fig. 3 montre la vue de face, cöte des contacts, du rupteur rotatif; Les fig. 4 et 5 montrent respectivement, vu en coupe transversale, suivant la ligne IV-V de la fig. 3, 1e dispositif rotatif de protection dans sec deux positions correspon- dant aux fig. 1 et 2. Figs. 1 and 2 schematically represent the rotary switch which the device comprises, in its off position and in its operating position; fig. 3 shows the front view, side of the contacts, of the rotary switch; Figs. 4 and 5 show respectively, seen in cross section, along the line IV-V of FIG. 3, the rotary protective device in two positions corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Le dispositif represente comporte un rup- teur rotatif 1 (fig. 3, 4 et 5) eonstitue par une matiere isolante dans laquelle sont pre- vues des chambres 2 disposees radialement au centre de rotation de ce rupteur. Chacune des chambres 2 est ferm66 par un chapeau metallique 3, muni dune Pointe 4 de p6ne- tration. Ces chapeaux sont prevus dune Apais- seur inferieure ä Gelle des entrees 5 des chambres, de maniere ä pouvoir couler, apres leur mise en place, une matiere isolante 6 les recouvrant. Une rainure circulaire 7 est creusee sur toute la Peripherie du rupteur 1; elle sert ä loger une bague ou couronne 8 metallique reliant @electriquement entre eux les chapeaux 3. Chacune des chambres 2 con- tient une quantite de mercure 9 d'un volume parfaitement determine, judicieusement me- lang6 avec un produit lubrifiant pour eviter son oxydation. Sur une des faces du rupteur 1 sont fixes des Plots 10; chacun de Ges Plots Porte une tige 11 se terminant par une Pointe 12 de p6netration. The device represented comprises a rotary switch 1 (FIGS. 3, 4 and 5) made of an insulating material in which are provided chambers 2 arranged radially at the center of rotation of this switch. Each of the chambers 2 is closed by a metal cap 3, fitted with a penetration tip 4. These caps are provided with a thickness less than that of the inlets 5 of the chambers, so as to be able to pour, after their installation, an insulating material 6 covering them. A circular groove 7 is dug over the entire Periphery of the switch 1; it serves to house a metal ring or crown 8 electrically connecting the caps 3 to each other. Each of the chambers 2 contains a quantity of mercury 9 of a perfectly determined volume, judiciously mixed with a lubricant product to prevent its oxidation . On one of the faces of the switch 1 are fixed Plots 10; each of Ges Plots carries a rod 11 ending in a tip 12 of penetration.

Des balais frotteurs 13 et 13a, de fonc- tionnement connu, relient 1e rupteur 1 rota- tif ä un circuit 6lectrique 14 qu'il doit com- mander. Ce rupteur ainsi constitu6 est fixe ä 1'interieur et sur 1'un des cöbes d'un tam- bour 15 de guidage, indique en traits pointi.116s sur les fig. 4 et 5, et sur lequel passe la Bande de projection qui RTI ID="0002.0275" WI="15" HE="4" LX="1609" LY="619"> 1'entraine comme 1e ferait une simple courroie. Slipper brushes 13 and 13a, of known operation, connect the rotary switch 1 to an electrical circuit 14 which it must control. This switch thus constituted is fixed inside and on one of the cobes of a guide drum 15, indicated in dotted lines in FIGS. 4 and 5, and over which passes the Projection Strip which RTI ID="0002.0275" WI="15" HE="4" LX="1609" LY="619"> drives it like a simple belt would.

Ainsi constitu6, ce dispositif de protection fonetionne de 1a. maniere suivante: Dans sa Position darret (fig. 1 et 4), 1e mercure des chambres 2 occupant la Partie superieure du rupteur se trouve dans 1e fond de Ges chambres; dans cette Position, 1a, tige 11 se terminant en Pointe de Penetration du Plot 10 en contact avec 1e balai 13 est separee du mercure 9 et, de ce fait, 1e circuit elec- trique 14 est coupe puisque la Pointe 12 est separee de la Pointe 4, la lampe 16 est eteiute. Mais aussitöt que 1e tambour 15 commence 'a tourner, et sous 1'influence de la force cen- trifuge qu'il engendre, en entrainant 1e rup- teur 1, la quantit6 de mercure 9 est imme- diatement projebee vers la Partie exterieure de chacune des chambres 2 (fig. 2 et 5); ä ce moment, chacune des pointes 12 est reliee par sa Penetration dans 1e mercure 9 ä cha- cune des pointes 4; par la bague 8, 1e circuit 6lectrique est ferme, 1e courant Passant alors du balai 13 au balai 13a allume la lampe 16. Thus constitu6, this protection device functions from 1a. following way: In its stop position (fig. 1 and 4), the mercury of chambers 2 occupying the upper part of the contact breaker is in the bottom of the chambers; in this Position, 1a, rod 11 ending in the Penetration Tip of Plot 10 in contact with the brush 13 is separated from the mercury 9 and, as a result, the first electrical circuit 14 is cut since the Tip 12 is separated from the Point 4, lamp 16 is off. But as soon as the drum 15 begins to rotate, and under the influence of the centrifugal force which it generates, driving the contact breaker 1, the quantity of mercury 9 is immediately projected towards the external part of the each of the chambers 2 (fig. 2 and 5); at this time, each of the points 12 is connected by its Mercury Penetration 9 to each of the points 4; through ring 8, the first electrical circuit is closed, the first current then passing from brush 13 to brush 13a lights lamp 16.

Si an suppose, d'abord, une rupture de la Bande de projection, 1e tambour 15 cesse de tourner puisqu'il n'est plus entraine par la Bande et sa vitesse acquise est immediatement annulee au moyen d'un freie (non-represente) de systeme et de fonctionnement connus dis- pose sur 1'autre fase du tambour 15. L'arT2t a lieu immediatement et 1e circuit 6lectrique est coupe. If, first of all, there is a break in the projection belt, the drum 15 stops rotating since it is no longer driven by the belt and its acquired speed is immediately canceled by means of a brake (not shown). ) of known system and operation has on the other fase of the drum 15. The arT2t takes place immediately and the first 6lectrique circuit is cut.

Si an suppose ensuite que 1e secteur elec- trique d'alimentation represente en A soit in- terrompu, 1e moteur aotionnant les organes d'entrainement de la Bande de projection s'ar- rête, le tambour 15 n'est plus entraîné ainsi que le rupteur 1, le mercure tombe tout de suite dans le bas des chambres 2 et le circuit 14 est coupé. If it is then assumed that the electrical supply sector represented at A is interrupted, the motor operating the drive members of the projection belt stops, the drum 15 is no longer driven as well as switch 1, the mercury falls immediately into the bottom of chambers 2 and circuit 14 is cut.

Cependant, par le fait de la projection constante de la masse de mercure, celle-ci pourrait se diviser en multiples gouttelettes et, l'oxydation aidant, il pourrait y avoir des aléas dans le fonctionnement du dispositif qui doit être au contraire exempt de toutes causes de mauvais fonctionnement; pour éviter celles- ci, il est prévu d'introduire dans chacune des chambres 2 une petite quantité d'un produit liquide à base lubrifiante, de l'huile de paraf fine par exemple, ayant pour but d'enrober la masse de mercure et d'éviter l'oxydation. Ce produit d'une densité beaucoup plus légère que celle du mercure restera constamment à sa surface et, de ce fait, pourra constituer une certaine résistance au passage du courant élec trique, ce qui serait un inconvénient. Ceci est évité par le fait que les pointes 4 et 12 pé nètrent assez profondément dans la masse vive du mercure pour assurer toujours et d'une ma nière irréprochable le meilleur contact entre ces deux parties. However, due to the fact of the constant projection of the mass of mercury, it could be divided into multiple droplets and, with the help of oxidation, there could be hazards in the operation of the device which must, on the contrary, be free from all causes of malfunction; to avoid these, it is planned to introduce into each of the chambers 2 a small quantity of a liquid product with a lubricating base, fine paraffin oil for example, the purpose of which is to coat the mass of mercury and to avoid oxidation. This product, with a density much lighter than that of mercury, will remain constantly on its surface and, as a result, may constitute a certain resistance to the passage of the electric current, which would be a disadvantage. This is avoided by the fact that the points 4 and 12 penetrate deep enough into the living mass of the mercury to ensure always and in an irreproachable manner the best contact between these two parts.

Le rupteur rotatif a l'avantage d'assurer toujours l'arrêt immédiat du passage du cou rant au moment du danger quelle que soit la cause de ce danger et obtient, par cette parti cularité, la sécurité recherchée. The rotary breaker has the advantage of always ensuring the immediate stopping of the passage of the current at the moment of danger whatever the cause of this danger and obtains, by this feature, the security sought.

Claims

CLAIM Rotating fire protection device in cinema tographic projection booths, characterized by chambers arranged radially inside a rotary breaker intended to be driven by the film, these chambers containing masses of mercury coated in a liquid product with a lubricating base, these masses of mercury being capable of closing an electric circuit when they are subjected to the action of the centrifugal force and of opening this circuit as soon as this force ceases to act. SUB-CLAIMS 1 Device according to claim, characterized in that said masses of mercury are coated in paraffin oil.

2 Device according to claim, charac terized in that the rotary switch is made of insulating material and is provided with braking means.

3 Device according to claim, characterized in that metal caps close hermetically said chambers containing the masses of mercury.

4 Device according to claim and sub-claim 3, characterized in that these caps are provided with metallic spikes for penetration and contact in the mass of mercury.

5 Device according to claim and sub-claims 3 and 4, characterized in that these caps are interconnected electrically by a metal strip.

6 Device according to claim and sub-claims 3 to 5, characterized in that cetto metal strip is housed in a circular groove provided at the periphery of said rotary switch.

7 Device according to claim, characterized in -that studs are arranged on one of the faces of said rotary switch, each stud carrying a metal contact rod ending in a tear point, penetrating and projecting at the inside the corresponding chamber in said rotary breaker.