CH215733A - Automatic control device for at least one closure member of a pipe belonging to an installation. - Google Patents

Description

Automatic control device for at least one closure member of a pipe belonging to an installation. The present invention relates to an automatic control device for at least one closing member of a pipe belonging to an installation, which is characterized in that, to automatically cause the operation of this member when If a power difference of end value occurs between at least one location in the pipe and at least one other location in the installation, i2 comprises two switches, each comprising a series of contacts. , and dopt the Position of the mobile element is commanded, e, for 1'un eug en. function of the power in this location of the pipe, and for the other depending on the power at the aforesaid location of the installation, of the lines connecting the contact at the front and these switches, dopt the mobile elements are normal. shifted by a quantity such as in normal conditions, i.e. as long as the difference in power is less than the aforesaid determined value, these lines are currentless, this shift being modified in such a way that the circuit of a member triggering the operation of the aforesaid closing member is closed through at least one of these lines, when the power kart is at least equal to said determined value.

The single figure of the attached drawing represents schematically, by way of example, one embodiment of the device which is the subject of the invention.

In the example shown, it is an installation. hydraulic system, comprising a penstock, whose upper part is shown at 1, and whose lower part is visible at 2 and leads to two turbines 3 each provided with a compensating orifice 4.

The upper part 1 of the conduit is provided with a closure member 5 presenting itself in the form of a valve operable from the outside by means of a lever 6 to which a rod is attached. 7 provided, at its lower part, with a weight 8 and, at its upper part, with a hook 9 which, in normal conditions, is retained in the position represented on the drawing by 1 armature 1.11 of an electromagnet 11. The armature 10 is urged to come and remain in the position shown, by a spring 12 applying an arm 13, integral with this armature, against a fixed stop 14. It is the closure member 5 that is to be automatically actuated to cause the pipe 1 to close, as will be indicated below.

Slightly downstream of the valve 5, there is arranged, in the pipe, a Pallet 15, integral with a shaft 16 provided with a brazier <B>11</B> carrying, at its free end, the mobile part 18 of a switch. The spring 39 exerts on the shaft 16 a torque opposite to that exerted by the action of the moving water on the pallet! 15. The disposition of the Pallet and of the spring is provided so that the Position of the movable element 18 sofft function of the power at the place of the pipe where the Pallet 15 is located. ree exerted by the first stream of water. On this pallet fiepend of the speed of water. The cross-section of the pipe being known, this speed is itself a function of the flow rate, which is in turn proportional to the power. Under these conditions, it is clear that each position of the mobile element 18 of the switch corresponds to a well-determined value of the power at the considered location of the pipe.

The movable element 18 is constituted by a conductive laurel which always remains in contact with a stud 19 of the switch. There is provided a series of other Plots 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24, with which laure 18 can also come into contact to connect them to Plot 19. , when the first arm 17 carrying the laurel 18 turns in the first direction of the arrow 25, which is that corresponding to the three-fold powers, the number of the Plots 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24, connected to the pl' ot 19 by this lavra, goes increasing. In the position represented, only Leg Plots 20 and 21 are connected to Plot 19. Leg Plots 19, 20, 2.1, 22-, 23 and 24 are connected to corresponding Plots 19', 20', 21', 22', 23' and 24' of a second switch whose position of the movable element 18' is controlled according to the power output <,, the lower part 2 of the pipe. This Plot-to-Plot connection of the two switches is secured by 19", 20", 211a' <I>2y'</I>, 23", and 24" lines.

The mobile element. 18' is also constituted by a conductive layer intended to establish an electrical connection between the Plot 19' and bare or several of the Plots 2U', 21', 22', 2.3', ?4'. However, in this second 'switch, 'i-th number of Plots I> --20'. . . '24' connected to 1.9' decreases 'when the movable element 18' moves, this dang le-seng 2'5' which is the 1st seng corresponding to increasing penises'.

The relative timing of the mobile elements 18 and 18' is provided in such a way that, as long as the power difference between the location of the pipe. where is the pallet 15 and the lower part of the pipe oh. If the turbines are lower than a determined value chosen in advance, all the lines 20", ?2" 23", 24" are without current. This is achieved, as we see, by the fact that, as long as this & gap is less than the fixed value, those of the Plots that Laura 18 receives at Plot 19 correspond to the lines abou- weaving precisely to the Plots 'that laure 18' does not touch. 0n see in. effect On the first drawing that laure 18 touches leg plot's 20 and 21., whereas lanie 18' touches precisely leg Plots other than 20' and 21'. At a displacement of lavra 18 dang. The 1st line of the arrow 25 corresponds to the displacement of the laure 18' in the 1st 'seng- of the end 25', such that if 18 advances by a Plot, 18' also retreats by a Plot, so that the lines 20 ' . . . 24' always remain without current.

If, for one cause or another, for example as a result of a break in the pipe between the upper part 1 and the turbines 3, the power difference between the two places considered: becomes at least equal to 1a, the fixed value of advance, the 1st shift between the two comniiztators is modified and becomes such that- Tune at least .des. lines: 20"<B>...</B> 24" is crossed by a current, as we will explain. In the event of such a rupture of the pipe, for example, the opening 18' assumes a position corresponding to a power to the turbines which is notably lower than the power in the upper part 1 of the pipe. As a result, the number of Plots 20'<B>...</B> 24' that the Laure 1'8' will not touch will become less than that of Plots 20<B>...</B> 24 that touches lavra 18. Thus, there will be at least one 20" . .. 24" line connected by one of its. extremities to the Queen 18, and by 1'autre, to the laure 18'. It is through this line that the current intended to operate the electromagnet 11 will pass, as will now be indicated.

A Battery 26 is connected by one of its poles to the Plot 19'. Its other pole is connected to a line 27 terminating in one of the terminals of the electromagnet 11. The other terminal of this electromagnet is connected to the terminal 19 by a conductor 28. If the it is assumed that the rupture of the pipe has the effect of leaving the laure 18 Jans in the position represented or of moving it in the direction of the fluche, and of displacing the laure 1.8' in the opposite direction of the 25' wane, in such a way that it touches the Plots 211' and 20', the electro-magnet will be excited by the closing of the following circuit: pole + of the Battery 26, line 27, electro- magnet 11, conductor 28, Plot 19, laure 18, then, on the one hand, Plot 20, line 20", Plot 20' and, on the other hand, Plot 21, line 21", p'lot 21' and, after. this bifurcation, laure 18', Plot 19', pole - of Battery 21. The excitation of the electromagnet produces the attraction of the armature 10, which releases the hook 9. As a result, lever 6 rotates clockwise under the action of weight 8 until valve 5 closes.

The line 19" mentioned above allows remote actuation on the fly of the electromagnet 11 by an operator located close to the turbines. For this, a switch 38 makes it possible to directly connect the Plots 19 and 19' to one another via this line 19", independently of the relative position of the mobile elements, of the two switches described. This is useful in the event that the turbine supervisor considers that it is necessary to cause the valve 5 to close even if the maximum allowable power difference is not exceeded.

Laure 18' is actionnbe in. function of the sum of the powers received by the d@eux turbines 3. D.ans this purpose, oette laure 18 'is carried by a rod 29 art@@cuilee ä the middle part of a lifter 30 whose each of the ends is connected by a connecting rod 31 to a secondary spreader 32. Each of RTIID="0003.0271" WI="5" HE="3" LX="1706" LY="723"> these spreaders. secondary is connected by one of its ends, by means of a connecting rod 33 to the valve 34 of one of the turbines 3 and, by its other end, by a connecting rod 35 to the mobile element 36 @commander 1 compensator orifice 4 oorresponding. The arrows 37 indicate the direction of movement of the connecting rods 33 and 35 corresponding to the opening of the valve and of the compensating orifice. It is easy to see that each of the spreaders 32 serves to totalize the power at the input of one of the turbines and the power at the corresponding compensator port. The spreader bar 30 in turn totalizes the powers thus already totaled by the two spreader bars 32, so that the position of the beam 18' is indeed a function of the total power at the lower part of the pipe 2.

It is obvious that the control of the mobile element 18' of the second switch could be carried out, for example, by means of one or more wattmeters, which would be powered by generators driven by the turbines, . In this case, the device described would make it possible to observe a power difference exceeding 9.0 normal between Part 1 of the pipe and the output of the generators. In this way, a broken shaft, for example, between a turbine and a generator could be immediately detected and the device would act accordingly. It could of course be provided in this case for the device to act to close, not valve 5, but a valve located in the particular supply conflict of the turbine belonging to the damaged group, so that the other turbine can -continue to operate normally.

The position of the movable element 18 of the first switch could be a function of the sum of the powers measured, for example, in several pipes or in several places in the same pipe.

In the case of a hydroelectric installation, the pallet 15 will be in the upper region, sometimes several kilometers from the lower part where the turbines are located. Lines 19", 20", 21", 22", 23", 24" -and 27 will then advantageously form the various conductors of a cable.

The device described can be advantageously supplemented by signaling means, indicating to the factory where the turbines are and the position of the pallet 15. This signaling can be done in any known way and possibly by means of a dis positive analogous to that described, that is to say acting in stages. using contacts that could control lamps, for example. Some of the conductors 20", 21", 22", 23", 24" and 27 could possibly be used for this purpose.

Claims (2)

CLAIM Device for the automatic control of at least one member for closing a pipe belonging to an installation, characterized in that, in order to automatically cause the operation of this member when there is a difference in power of determined value between nu less a place. of the pipe and at least one other location of the installation, i1 comprises two switches each comprising a series of contacts and the position of the movable element of which is controlled, for 1.'un of them, according to the power at this location of the pipe and, for the other, depending on the power at the aforesaid location of the installation, of the lines connecting contact to contact these switches, the moving parts of which are normally offset by a quantity such that, under normal conditions, that is to say as long as the power difference is less than the aforesaid determined value, these lines are without current, this shift being modified in such a way that the circuit of a member triggering operation of the aforesaid closure member is closed through at least one of these lines, when the power difference is at least equal to said determined value. SUB-CLAIMS 1. Device according to claim, characterized in that -that the aforesaid lines form -the conductors of a cable. 2. Device according to claim, charac- terized in that it comprises a hand switch to control the triggering of the maneuvering member at will from a location remote from and member.