CH308099A

CH308099A - Process for manufacturing insulators and insulator obtained according to this process.

Info

Publication number: CH308099A
Authority: CH
Inventors: D Electro-Ceramique C Generale
Original assignee: D Electro Ceramique Comp Gen
Priority date: 1951-01-23
Filing date: 1952-01-12
Publication date: 1955-06-30

Description

Proc6d6 de fabrieation d'isolateurs et isolateur obtenu selon ce proc6d6. Le brevet suisse NI' 295503, du 6 mars 1950, relate l'emploi dans les isolateurs com- pos6s de parties c6ramiques et de parties m6- talliques d'un adhgsif ä tAs forte adhbence. Process for manufacturing insulators and insulator obtained according to this process. Swiss patent NI' 295503, of 6 March 1950, relates to the use in insulators composed of ceramic parts and metal parts of an adhesive ä tAs strong adhesion.

La, prgsente invention a pour objet un proegd6 de fabrieation d'isolateurs bas6 sur eette technique. The subject of the present invention is a proegd6 for the manufacture of insulators based on this technique.

Ce proe6d6 de iabrieation d'isolateurs eom- posgs de parties e6ramiques et -de parties mgtalliques, assemb16es entre elles par un adhgsif ä tr#s forte adhgrence est earaet6ris6 en ee que les parties c6ramiqiies sont exku- tges et cuites sgpar#gment, apr#s quoi les par- ties egramiques et les parties mUalliques sont assembIges par eollage au moyen dun adh6sif organique. This process for the production of insulators made up of ceramic parts and metal parts, assembled together by a very strong adhesive ä is characterized in that the ceramic parts are made of and fired separately, after which the egramic parts and the metal parts are glued together using an organic adhesive.

L'invention a en outre pour objet un isola- teur obtenli #selon le proc6d9 susindiqug. The invention further relates to an insulator obtained according to the abovementioned process.

On connait eertes dgjä un proc6d6 de col- lage ä I'gmail des 616ments aprAs euisson sipa- ree de ces glgments, mais l'emploi dun adhgsil organique donne une bien meill-eure tenue Mectrique ä la perforation. We already know a process for bonding ä the enamel of the elements after having removed these elements, but the use of an organic adhesive gives a much better mechanical strength ä perforation.

On entend par un adhgsif ä tAs forte adUrenee organique une colle polymgrisable, par,axeinple ph6nolique et formal polyvinyli- que, une rgsine polyarylgthylAneoxyde, un eaoutehoue naturel vuleanis6 dans des cond!- tions partieu-1,i#res, ete. A strong organic adurene adhesive is understood to mean a polymerizable adhesive, par, axeinple phenolic and polyvinyl formal, a polyarylgethyl anoxide resin, a natural rubber, vuleanis6 under partial conditions. #res, summer.

Le proc6d6 revendiqu6 est avantageuse- ment employg: 10 pour la fabrieation d'isolateurs fabri- qugs usuellement par 616ments sgpargs et a#ssemblgs par seellement au eiment, ä Palliage fondu ou par ehanvrage; 20 pour la fabrieation d'isal-ateurs exgc-LLtgs usuellement en un seLil 616ment, par exemple de forme, volumine-Lise ou complexe dont l'ex6- eution en de-Lix ou plusieurs kAments assem- b16s apAs euisson. par collage faeilite la fabri- eation. The claimed process is advantageously employed: 10 for the manufacture of insulators usually manufactured by separate elements and assembled by bonding to the element, ä Molten alloy or by hemping; 20 for the manufacture of isal-ators exgc-LLtgs usually in a seLil 616ment, for example of form, volumine-Lise or complex whose ex6- eution in de-Lix or several kAments assem- b16s apAs euisson. by gluing facilitates the manufacture.

Le dessin ei-annex6 montre, ä titre d'exem- ple, quelques isolateurs fabriquigs conform6- ment au. proc6d6 selon Finvention et consti- tuant des formes d'ex#e-Lition de l'isolate-tir revendiqu6. The attached drawing shows, ä by way of example, some insulators manufactured in accordance with the. process according to the invention and constituting ex#e-Lition forms of the claimed isolate-tir.

La fig. 1 est une v-Lie avee demi-coupe lon- gitudinale d-Lin isolateur de traversk. fig. 1 is a V-Lie with a longitudinal half-cut d-Lin crossbar insulator.

La fig. 2 est une vue avee deini-coupe lon- gitudinale dun Isolateur ä füt plein. fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a solid insulator ä.

I La fig. 3 est une vue avee demi-Qoupe longitudinale dun isolateur support ou rigide. La fig. 4 est une vue en, coupe d-Lin isola- teur ä euve. I Fig. 3 is a longitudinal half-section view of a supported or rigid insulator. fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the insulator ä.

La fig. 5 montre la fixation d'une arma- RTI ID="0001.0271" WI="7" HE="4" LX="1025" LY="1838"> ture m6tallique sur la partie c6ramique dun isalateur. fig. 5 shows the attachment of a metal framework RTI ID="0001.0271" WI="7" HE="4" LX="1025" LY="1838"> isolator.

La fig. 6 ssst une variante de la fig. 5. fig. 6 ssst a variant of fig. 5.

La fig. 7 est une vue avee coupe partielle d'un isolateur dans lequel les armatures sont fix6es comme illustr6 ä la fig. 6. fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of an insulator in which the armatures are attached as shown ä in fig. 6.

La fig. 8 est une vue dun dgtail. Msolateur de travers6e reprgsent6 par la fig. 1 comprend quatre parties c6ramiques (10, 11, 12), assemb16e.- entre elles et aux par- ties m6talliques terminales par -Lin adh6s!f organique synth6tique. Aisqu'alors, de tels isolateurs de traversk 6taient g6n6ralement exgcut6s en päte molle 619ment par 616ment, ces 616ments 6tant ensuite colMs en mou A la. barbotine avant la eLiisson de#fa#on A consti- tuer la pike enti#re et Ast cette derni#re qu'on-soumetta-it ensuite ä la euisson. Le fait d'ex6c.i,1.ter et de euire les parties c6ramiq-Lies s6par6ment avant d'assembler Fisolateur au moyen dLin adhMil eomprend des avantages notables: moindre encombrement dans le four, moindres diffieLilt6 & de manutention, d6chets limitgs ä une partie au lieu Jan isolateur entier, ete. fig. 8 is a view of a detail. Crossing insulator represented by fig. 1 comprises four ceramic parts (10, 11, 12), assembled between them and to the terminal metal parts by synthetic organic adhesive. Since then, such cross-member insulators were generally made of soft paste 619ment by 616m, these 616ms then being soft glued A there. slurry before the eLiisson so as to A constitute the entire pike and Ast this last one that is then submitted ä the pike. The fact of executing and having the ceramic parts bonded separately before assembling the insulator by means of adhesive has significant advantages: less bulk in the furnace, less difficulty in handling, limited waste ä part instead Jan whole isolator, ete.

Msolateur ä Hit plein repr & sent6 par la fig. 2 eomprend trois glgments c6ramiq-Lies (20, 21) collgs entre eux et aux armatures mgtalliques au moyen d'un adh6sif organique. Msolator ä Solid Hit represented by fig. 2 comprises three bonded ceramic elements (20, 21) glued together and to the metal frames by means of an organic adhesive.

Dans Pisolateur repr6sent6 par la fig. 3, eomprenant de-Lix eloehes e6ramiques 30, 31, qui sont assemb-16es usuellement au eiment, Passemblage par adhgsif organique kimine les inconv6nients rgs-Liltant du contaet. 6troit des riiatgriaux ayant des coeffieients de dilatation dillgrents, poreelaine et eiment, en introdui- sant une certaine 61astieit6 favorable. In the insulator represented by fig. 3, comprising de-Lix ceramic elements 30, 31, which are usually assembled with cement, assembly by organic adhesive minimizes the disadvantages of contact. narrows materials with different coeffieients of expansion, porous and cement, introducing a certain favorable elasticity.

En outre, le di6leetrique constitu6 par plu- sieurs parties egramiques assemb16es au moyen d'Lin adh6sif organique est plus homogene, que le di6leetrique constitu6 par ces mAmes par- ties assemb16es par du ciment. Moreover, the dielectric constituted by several egramic parts assembled by means of organic adhesive Lin is more homogeneous than the dielectric constituted by these same parts assembled by cement.

L'isolateur ä euve reprgsent6 par la fig. 4 est corisstitug de deLix #Mments: au lieu dun seul habituellement: la partie c6ramiqtl-e 41 et -la couronne 41 assemb16s par eallage. The river insulator ä represented by fig. 4 is composed of two parts: instead of the usual one: the ceramic part 41 and the crown 41 assembled by assembly.

Dans Fisolateur reprgsent6 partiellement sur la fig. 5, Pune des pikes mgtalliql-ies est constituk par un tube 1 prgsentant de Pilas- tieit6. Cette glastieitg est importante pour rga!Iiser une bonne adhgrence des parties c6ra# iniques au tube. En effet, lors du collage qLii s'effeetue ä ehaud, le tube exeree, sur la partie egramique, en se refroidissant, un eifort de frittage qui est maintenu dans. des limites aceeptables par l'Alastieit6 du tube. Cette glas- tieit6 peut Atre obtenue en don-nant ä l'6pais- seur du tube la valeur minimLim coMpatible avee la rgsistance mgeanique ä obtenir. Tou- jours selon la fig. 5, ce tube meftallique minee 1 est soud6 ä une pike m6tallique 2 munie d'un dispositil d'aceroehage. L'armature eons- tit-Lige par les pikes m6talliq-Lies 1 et 2 est ensuite co1,16e ä la partie c6ramiq-LLe 3. In the insulator partially represented in FIG. 5, One of the metal spikes consists of a tube 1 with pilastieit6. This plasticity is important to ensure good adhesion of the ceramic parts to the tube. Indeed, during the bonding qLii is effected ä ehaud, the tube exerted, on the egramic part, while cooling, a sintering force which is maintained in. limits acceptable by the elasticity of the tube. This glastieity can be obtained by giving ä the thickness of the tube the minimum value compatible with the mechanical resistance ä to obtain . Still according to fig. 5, this mined metal tube 1 is welded ä to a metal pike 2 provided with an acerohage device. The framework formed by the bonded metal pins 1 and 2 is then co1,16e ä the ceramic part 3.

L'e,lastieitg du tube, peut RTI ID="0002.0274" WI="16"HE="4" LX="1645" LY="430"> 6galement kre obtenue en le munissant de fentes. Ainsi que le montre la fig. 8, ces fentes peuvent gtre dirig6es suivant des g6n6ratrices du eylindre. En partieulier, ces fbntes pe-avent s'6tendre depuis l'ext.r6mit6 inigrieure da eylindre sur au moins toute la hauteur du eollage. The elasticity of the tube can RTI ID="0002.0274" WI="16" HE="4" LX="1645" LY="430"> 6also kre obtained by providing it with slots. As shown in fig. 8, these slots can be directed along generators of the cylinder. In particular, these windows can extend from the lower end of the cylinder over at least the entire height of the mountain.

Dans 11solateur repr6sent6 ä la fig. 6, le tube minee 1, sans ou avee fentes, est embo-Liti -en forme sur la pkee mUallique 2 munie du dispositif daecrochage et soud6 sur celle-ei. In the insulator represented ä in fig. 6, the mined tube 1, without or with slits, is embo-Liti -shaped on the mUallic pkee 2 provided with the daecrochage device and welded on the latter.

Le eapot peut Atre fini avant collage sur la e6ramique par soudure des parties qui le eonstituent: ou bien la, partie tubulaire de Farmature peut Atre d'abord collk sur la e6ramique puis, aprA cette op6ration, une plaque peut Atre fix6e ä ee tube par soudLire ou par tout autre, proegd6. The eapot can be finished before gluing on the ceramic by welding the parts which constitute it: or else the tubular part of the frame can first be glued on the ceramic then, after this operation, a plate can be fixed à ee tube by soudLire or by any other, proegd6.

Pour 6viter la formation de tension in ternes dUayorables dans la c6ramique, il ne faut pas que Farmature soit eollge A la c6ra- mique sur toute sa surface intArieure, mais seulement sur la surface de #contaet eyli-nd#ri- que. On peut prgserver une portion de la surface en c6ramique du collage en Fenduisant d'une substance telle que la eire. To avoid the build-up of harmful internal stresses in the ceramic, the framework must not be bonded A to the ceramic over its entire interior surface, but only on the surface of #contaet eyli-nd #risk. A portion of the ceramic surface of the bonding can be preserved by coating it with a substance such as clay.

Dans Fisolateur repr6sent6 ä la fig, 7, les armatares ä portks cylindriques 4 et5 sont, collks pHalablement sur des 616ments eylin- driques 6 en c6ramique, et ces 616ments sont ensuite co116s sur le eorps prineipal 7 de Fiso- lateur. Lexp6rienee a montrg, en effet, que AI est pr66rable d'.ex & uter le collage de la c6ramique sur les Armatures mgtalliques par des surfaces cylindriques, le collage e6rami- que peut, sans inconvgnient, s'elfeetuer sur des surfaces planes. Les 616ments 6 peuvent avoir un coeffieient de dilatation intermg- diaire entre celui du eorps prineipal 7 et celui des armatures. In the insulator represented ä in fig, 7, the cylindrical fittings ä 4 and 5 are glued cylindrical elements 6 in ceramic, and these elements are then cemented on the main body 7 of the insulator. Experience has shown, in fact, that it is preferable to carry out the bonding of the ceramic on the metal reinforcements by cylindrical surfaces, the ceramic bonding can, without inconvenience, be carried out on flat surfaces. Elements 6 can have an intermediate expansion coefficient between that of the main body 7 and that of the reinforcements.

Les qualfigs mgeaniques et glectriques d'iso- lateurs eonst-itugs ainsi par phisieurs. 614ments c6ramiques colMs ensemble sont eomparables à celles d'isolateurs faits en une seule pièce céramique, mais les conditions de fabrication ou de fixation des ferrures s'en trouvent grandement améliorées. The mechanical and electrical qualifications of insulators have thus been studied by physicists. 614 ceramic elements glued together are comparable to those of insulators made in a single ceramic piece, but the conditions for manufacturing or fixing the fittings are greatly improved.

Claims

CLAIMS: I. Process for the manufacture of insulators composed of ceramic parts and metallic parts, assembled together by an adhesive with very strong adhesion, characterized in that the ceramic parts are executed and fired separately, after which the ceramic parts and the metal parts are assembled by a-Li bonding using an organic adhesive. IL Insulator obtained according to the process of claim I. SUB-REVEA N-DICATIONS: 1. Process according to claim I, characterized in that, after the firing of the ceramic parts, the parts metallic parts are first bonded to ceramic parts, which are then attached by bonding to a ceramic main body.

2. Insulator according to claim II, characterized in that the metal parts comprise a cylindrical element having a sufficiently small thickness to present elasticity. 3. Insulator according to sub-claim 2, characterized in that said cylindrical metallic element is provided with slots. 4. Insulator according to sub-claim 3, characterized in that the slots are directed along the generatrices of the cylinder. 5. Insulator according to sub-claim 4, characterized in that the slots extend from then the lower end of the cylinder. 6. Insulator according to sub-claim 5, characterized in that said cylindrical element is glued over the entire height of the slots. 7. Insulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the cylindrical element is a tube weldedto an armature. 8. Insulator according to soas-claim 7, characterized in that the part of the tube welded to the reinforcement conforms to the shape of the latter. this.