CH476902A - Cladding of building exterior walls - Google Patents
Cladding of building exterior wallsInfo
- Publication number
- CH476902A CH476902A CH569768A CH569768A CH476902A CH 476902 A CH476902 A CH 476902A CH 569768 A CH569768 A CH 569768A CH 569768 A CH569768 A CH 569768A CH 476902 A CH476902 A CH 476902A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- thermal insulation
- cladding according
- sep
- layers
- layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
- E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/18—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials or with an outer layer of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials; plastic tiles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
Verkleidung #,on Gebäudeaussenwänden Es ist bereits bekannt, Gebäudeaussenwände mit thermoisolierenden Hartschaum-Dämmplatten zu ver kleiden.
Nachteilig ist dabei eine grosse Anfälligkeit für Rissbildung, so dass sich solche Aussenisolierungen bisher nicht durchsetzen konnten.
Um dieser Rissgefahr entgegenzuwirken, ist es zwar bereits bekannt, zwischen der Wärmedämmschicht und der Deck- oder Putzschicht ein Glasfaser-ewebe anzu bringen, um Volumenänderungen zu begrenzen und Spannungen aufzunehmen. In der Praxis zeigt sich jedoch, dass dieses Glasfasergewebe die ihm zuge dachte Rolle nicht oder nur ungenügend erfüllt. Zudem ist das Aufbringen eines solchen Gewebes am Bau um ständlich, zeitraubend und damit teuer.
Die Erfindung mit der das erwähnte Problem gelöst wird, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dämmplat- ten aus mindestens zwei übereinanderliegenden, nicht saugfähigen Wärmedämm cbichten mit unterschiedli chen Eigenschaften bestehen, die untereinander und mit der Gebäudeaussenwand durch<B>je</B> eine schwund-, was- ser- und lösunasmittelfreie Kleberschicht und mit der obersten Putz- oder Deckschicht unmittelbar elastisch verbunden sind.
Dadurch lässt sich eine rissfreie Verkleidung von Aussenwänden erreichen, die zudem den Vorteil hat, dass sie sich sehr preisgünstigam Bau anbringen lässt.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes dargestellt. Die Figur zeigt eine Gebäudeaussenverkleidung im Schnitt.
Auf eine Gebäudeaussenwand<B>1</B> werden grossflä chige Hartschaum-4Wärmedänunplatten 2 mit einer durchbrochenen Klebstoffschicht <B>3</B> befestigt. Diese Wärmedämmplatten 2 bestehen aus zwei miteinander durch eine Kleberschicht <B>6</B> verbundene Dämmschich- ten 4,<B>5.</B> Die äussere Dämmschicht <B>5</B> hat eine höhere Druckfestigkeit als die innere, näher bei der Gebäude wand<B>1</B> liegende Dämmschicht 4.
Als Material für diese aufgeschäumten Wärme- dämmschichten 4,<B>5</B> eignet sich besonders Polystyrol Hartschaum oder Polyurethan-,Hartschaum. Ein Poly- styrol-Hartschaum, der für die innere Wärmedämm- schicht geeignet ist, hat folgende physikalische Eigen schaften:
EMI0001.0035
Hygroskopische <SEP> Stoffeuchte, <SEP> bei <SEP> <B>80 <SEP> ü/o</B>
<tb> relativer <SEP> Luftfeuchte: <SEP> 0,004-0,008 <SEP> Vol.-1)/o
<tb> Druckspannung: <SEP> <B>0,8</B> <SEP> bis <SEP> 2 <SEP> <I>kplcrW</I>
<tb> Biegefestigkeit: <SEP> <B>1,5</B> <SEP> bis <SEP> <B>3</B> <SEP> kp/cm#
<tb> Zugfestigkeit: <SEP> <B>2,5</B> <SEP> bis <SEP> 4. <SEP> kp/cm#
<tb> Wärmeleitzahl <SEP> bei <SEP> <B>0' <SEP> C:</B> <SEP> 0,03-0,05 <SEP> kcal/mhoC
<tb> Raumgewicht: <SEP> <B>10</B> <SEP> bis <SEP> <B>25</B> <SEP> kg/m3 Für die äussere Wärmedämmschicht ist ein Poly- styrol-Hartschaum mit folgenden physikalischen Eigen schaften besonders geeignet:
EMI0001.0039
Hygroskopische <SEP> Stoffeuchte <SEP> bei <SEP> <B>80</B> <SEP> oilo
<tb> relativer <SEP> Luftfeuchte: <SEP> <B>0,0011</B> <SEP> bis <SEP> 0,004 <SEP> Vol.-%
<tb> Druckspannung: <SEP> bis <SEP> 4,5 <SEP> kp/cm#
<tb> Biegefestigkeit: <SEP> bis <SEP> <B>9</B> <SEP> kp/cm#
<tb> Zugfestigkeit: <SEP> bis <SEP> <B>8</B> <SEP> kp/cm.2
<tb> Wärmeleitzahl <SEP> bei <SEP> <B>0' <SEP> <I>C:</I> <SEP> 0,015</B> <SEP> bis <SEP> <B>0,028</B> <SEP> kcal/mhoC
<tb> Raumgewicht:
<SEP> <B>35</B> <SEP> bis <SEP> 45 <SEP> kg[m3 Die innere und äussere Wärmedämmschicht wer den untereinander mit einer schwundfreien Kleber- scbicht <B>6</B> verbunden, die zudem wasser- und lö.sungs- mittelfrei ist. Eine gleiche oder ähnliche Kleberschicht <B>3</B> ist auch zwischen der innern Wärmedämmschicht 4 und der Gebäudewand<B>1</B> vorhanden. Auch diese Kle- berschicht <B>3</B> ist somit schwundfrei und frei von Wasser oder Lösungsmitteln.
Hierzu eignen sich besonders Zweikomponenten-Kunststoffkleber auf Epoxydharz- oder Polyurethan-Basis. Dadurch ergibt sich eine form- und alterungsbeständige, haftfeste Verbindung, die zu dem wassersperrend ist. Da die Verbindung<B>-</B> im Ge gensatz zu den üblichen Verfahren<B>-</B> völlig zementfrei ist, erübrigt sich auch jegliche Verwendung von An- machwasser und damit die nachteilige und rissför- demde Befeuchtung der Wand.
Dadurch wird auch die Austrocknungszeit des Baukörpers verkürzt und War tezeiten vermieden. Je nach den gewünschten Eigen schaften können dem Kleber allenfalls noch minera lische oder synthetische Stoffe wie Steinmehl oder Sty- ropormehl beigemischt werden. Die genannten physi kalischen Ei-enschaften der äusseren Wärmedämm- schicht machen es möglich, die Deck- oder Putzschicht unmittelbar auf die Wärmedämmschicht <B>-</B> also unter Verzicht auf verstärkende Glasfasergewebe-Einlagen <B>-</B> aufzutragen.
Die Verbindung zwischen der äusseren Wärmedämmschicht und der Deck- oder Putzschicht soli elastisch sein.
Die innere und äussere Wärmedämmschicht kön nen als vorfabrizierte Platten fabrikmässig hergestellt werden, die allenfalls auch bereits eine Deck- oder Putzschicht tragen. Erfolgt dagegen das Auftragen der einzelnen Schichten am Baukörper, dann werden die einzelnen Schichten vorteilhafterweise so aufgebracht, dass sich die Stossfugen überlappen.
<B>C</B>
Cladding #, on building exterior walls It is already known to clad building exterior walls with thermally insulating hard foam insulation panels.
The disadvantage here is a great susceptibility to crack formation, so that such external insulation has not yet been able to establish itself.
In order to counteract this risk of cracks, it is already known to bring a glass fiber fabric between the thermal insulation layer and the top or plaster layer in order to limit changes in volume and absorb tension. In practice, however, it has been shown that this glass fiber fabric does not, or only inadequately, fulfill its intended role. In addition, the application of such a fabric on the building is laborious, time-consuming and therefore expensive.
The invention with which the mentioned problem is solved is characterized in that the insulation panels consist of at least two superimposed, non-absorbent thermal insulation layers with different properties, which are connected to each other and to the outer wall of the building by one The adhesive layer is free of shrinkage, water and solvent and is directly connected to the top layer of plaster or cover in an elastic manner.
This makes it possible to achieve a crack-free cladding of outer walls, which also has the advantage that it can be attached to the building very cheaply.
An exemplary embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is shown in the drawing. The figure shows a building exterior cladding in section.
Large-area hard foam 4 thermal insulation panels 2 with a perforated adhesive layer <B> 3 </B> are attached to an outer building wall <B> 1 </B>. These thermal insulation panels 2 consist of two insulation layers 4, <B> 5. </B> connected to one another by an adhesive layer <B> 6 </B>. The outer insulation layer <B> 5 </B> has a higher compressive strength than that inner insulation layer 4 closer to the building wall <B> 1 </B>.
Polystyrene hard foam or polyurethane, hard foam is particularly suitable as the material for these foamed-on thermal insulation layers 4, <B> 5 </B>. A rigid polystyrene foam that is suitable for the inner thermal insulation layer has the following physical properties:
EMI0001.0035
Hygroscopic <SEP> material moisture, <SEP> at <SEP> <B> 80 <SEP> ü / o </B>
<tb> relative <SEP> air humidity: <SEP> 0.004-0.008 <SEP> Vol.-1) / o
<tb> Compressive stress: <SEP> <B> 0.8 </B> <SEP> to <SEP> 2 <SEP> <I> kplcrW </I>
<tb> Flexural strength: <SEP> <B> 1.5 </B> <SEP> to <SEP> <B> 3 </B> <SEP> kp / cm #
<tb> Tensile strength: <SEP> <B> 2.5 </B> <SEP> to <SEP> 4. <SEP> kp / cm #
<tb> Thermal conductivity <SEP> at <SEP> <B> 0 '<SEP> C: </B> <SEP> 0.03-0.05 <SEP> kcal / mhoC
<tb> Volume weight: <SEP> <B> 10 </B> <SEP> to <SEP> <B> 25 </B> <SEP> kg / m3 For the outer thermal insulation layer, a rigid polystyrene foam with the following physical properties particularly suitable:
EMI0001.0039
Hygroscopic <SEP> material moisture <SEP> at <SEP> <B> 80 </B> <SEP> oilo
<tb> relative <SEP> humidity: <SEP> <B> 0.0011 </B> <SEP> to <SEP> 0.004 <SEP> vol .-%
<tb> Compressive stress: <SEP> to <SEP> 4.5 <SEP> kp / cm #
<tb> Flexural strength: <SEP> to <SEP> <B> 9 </B> <SEP> kp / cm #
<tb> Tensile strength: <SEP> to <SEP> <B> 8 </B> <SEP> kp / cm.2
<tb> Thermal conductivity <SEP> at <SEP> <B> 0 '<SEP> <I> C: </I> <SEP> 0.015 </B> <SEP> to <SEP> <B> 0.028 </ B > <SEP> kcal / mhoC
<tb> density:
<SEP> <B> 35 </B> <SEP> to <SEP> 45 <SEP> kg [m3 The inner and outer thermal insulation layers are connected to one another with a non-shrink adhesive layer <B> 6 </B>, which is also free of water and solvents. An identical or similar adhesive layer <B> 3 </B> is also present between the inner thermal insulation layer 4 and the building wall <B> 1 </B>. This adhesive layer <B> 3 </B> is therefore also free from shrinkage and free of water or solvents.
Two-component plastic adhesives based on epoxy resin or polyurethane are particularly suitable for this. This results in a dimensionally stable and non-aging, adhesive connection that is water-blocking to the. Since the connection <B> - </B>, in contrast to the usual methods <B> - </B>, is completely cement-free, there is also no need for any use of make-up water and thus the disadvantageous and crack-promoting moistening of the wall .
This also shortens the drying time for the structure and avoids waiting times. Depending on the desired properties, mineral or synthetic substances such as rock powder or styrofoam powder can be added to the adhesive. The aforementioned physical properties of the outer thermal insulation layer make it possible to apply the top or plaster layer directly to the thermal insulation layer <B> - </B> that is, without reinforcing glass fiber fabric inserts <B> - </B> .
The connection between the outer thermal insulation layer and the top or plaster layer should be elastic.
The inner and outer thermal insulation layers can be manufactured in the factory as prefabricated panels, which may also already have a top or plaster layer. If, on the other hand, the individual layers are applied to the structure, the individual layers are advantageously applied in such a way that the butt joints overlap.
<B> C </B>
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH569768A CH476902A (en) | 1968-04-10 | 1968-04-10 | Cladding of building exterior walls |
| BE731317D BE731317A (en) | 1968-04-10 | 1969-04-10 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH569768A CH476902A (en) | 1968-04-10 | 1968-04-10 | Cladding of building exterior walls |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH476902A true CH476902A (en) | 1969-08-15 |
Family
ID=4297864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH569768A CH476902A (en) | 1968-04-10 | 1968-04-10 | Cladding of building exterior walls |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE731317A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH476902A (en) |
-
1968
- 1968-04-10 CH CH569768A patent/CH476902A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1969
- 1969-04-10 BE BE731317D patent/BE731317A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE731317A (en) | 1969-09-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL | Patent ceased |