CH493859A - Optical lens to be worn in contact with the eye - Google Patents
Optical lens to be worn in contact with the eyeInfo
- Publication number
- CH493859A CH493859A CH1727567A CH1727567A CH493859A CH 493859 A CH493859 A CH 493859A CH 1727567 A CH1727567 A CH 1727567A CH 1727567 A CH1727567 A CH 1727567A CH 493859 A CH493859 A CH 493859A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- sol
- eye
- warm
- dependent
- cross
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000219739 Lens Species 0.000 description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lactic Acid Natural products CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N PYRUVIC-ACID Natural products CC(=O)C(O)=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 lithium rhodanide Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000014647 Lens culinaris subsp culinaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001057 ionotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide Substances [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/04—Contact lenses for the eyes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/44—Vessels; Vascular smooth muscle cells; Endothelial cells; Endothelial progenitor cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
- G02B1/043—Contact lenses
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Description
Im Kontakt mit dem Auge zu tragende optische Linse
Sehhilfen, wie Kontaktlinsen und Ersatzlinsen zur optischen Korrektur des Auges, aus Kunststoffen sind der Technik heute bekannt. Ihren Vorteilen steht der Nachteil gegenüber, dass ein organfremder Körper in innigen Kontakt mit dem Auge gebracht wird und mit diesem längere Zeit oder dauernd in Kontakt bleiben muss.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine im Kontakt mit dem Auge zu tragende optische Linse, bestehend aus irreversibel verfestigten Gelen aus dem Protein von Augenlinsen von Warmblütern. Weiter betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemässen Linse.
Die Linse des Auges der Warmblüter besteht aus einem optisch dichteren Kern und einer stärkeren wasserhaltigen Schale. Für die Herstellung der neuen Linse kann als Ausgangsmaterial sowohl der Kern als auch die Schale herangezogen werden.
Nimmt man gemäss einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens den Kern als Ausgangsstoff, so wird dieser vorsichtig unter solchen Bedingungen entwässert, dass das Feuchtigkeitspotential zwischen dem Gel des Kernes und der umgebenden Atmosphäre möglichst gering gehalten wird. Man erhält so den für den Aufbau der Linse erforderlichen Werkstoff ohne irreversible Zustandsänderung des Proteins; dadurch wird ein Strukturzerfall vermieden. Ist bei dieser Ausführungsform des Verfahrens ein Wassergehalt des Kernes von 10 bis 30 O/o erreicht, so kann der dergestalt entwässerte Proteinkörper geformt werden.
Die passende Form kann dem Körper der Linse durch spanabhebendes und/oder spanloses Verformen gegeben werden. Bei spanloser Verformung durch Pressen sind der Pressdruck, die Pressdauer, die Temperatur und der Wassergehalt Grössen, welche von Fall zu Fall durch Vorversuche bestimmt werden müssen; Pressdauer, Temperatur und Wassergehalt, hängen dabei voneinander ab. Die so gewonnenen glasklaren Formlinge haben die gewünschten Innen- und Aussenkurven, d. h. die gewünschte Brechkraft der optischen Linsen. Sie können nach Messkurven und optischen Daten, gegebenenfalls in Sätzen, bevorratet werden.
Nimmt man gemäss einer anderen Ausführungsform des Herstellungsverfahrens als Ausgangsstoff die Substanz der Schale, so wird diese mit wässerigen Lösungen von Säuren, wie Brenztrauben-, Milch-, Weinoder Zitronensäure, oder auch von Alkalien, wie Lithium-, Natrium-, Kalium- oder Ammoniumhydroxyd, oder von Harnstoff und seinen Derivaten oder Salzen, wie Lithiumrhodanid, zu klaren, ziemlich konzentrierten Lösungen oder Solen aufgelöst, die frei sind von abgebauten, denaturiertem Eiweiss.
Aus diesen Lösungen lassen sich durch Eindiffundieren von Gegenionen die Fadenmoleküle wie bei Polyelektrolyten zuerst ordnen und danach zu einem klaren Gel verfestigen. Auch im elektrischen Feld oder durch einfache Anderung des pH-Wertes, wie bei Symplexen, lassen sich solche klaren Gele abscheiden. Die erhaltenen Sole bestehen wie die nativen Augenlinsen aus geordneten Fadenmolekülen.
Die notwendige Formgebung des Gels kann man bei dieser Ausführungsform des Verfahrens dadurch erhalten, dass man die Gelbildung unter Zwang der Form ablaufen lässt, etwa bei elektrodialytischer Herstellung in entsprechend geformten durchlässigen Membranen aus Celluloseestern, Alginaten und dergleichen, oder bei Formgebung durch Ionendiffusion durch Einschliessung des Sols in ionendurchlässige Hüllen, welche entsprechend der Kapsel der Augenlinse geformt sind.
Die so gewonnen und geformten Gele können nunmehr irreversibel vernetzt, begrenzt und abgestuft dehydratisiert werden. Durch diesen der Gerbung ähnlichen Vorgang werden sie gegen wässerige Lösungen und Flüssigkeiten, sowie Atmosphärilien beständig ge macht. Dies kann unter Umständen auch dadurch geschehen, dass man bereits bei der Gelbildung maskierte Gerbstoffe, wie Hexamethylentetramin, benutzt und den Vernetzungsvorgang nach erfolgter Formgebung in an sich bekannter Weise auslöst.
Technisch können die nach dem erfindungsgemäs- sen Verfahren hergestellten Formkörper als optische Sehhilfen nach Entfernen der Augenlinsen durch Operation und Katarakt-Extrakt verwendet werden, indem man sie z. B. aus einem zur Verfügung stehenden, nach optischen Daten und Kurven geordneten Satz entnimmt und sofort implantiert. Hierzu werden die optischen Daten der zu entfernenden Linse vorher noch im Auge des Patienten gemessen. Nach diesem Messen wird die neue aus dem natürlichen Protein von gesunden und geprüften Individuen geformte Linse anstelle der entfernten sofort implantiert.
Nach dem neuen Verfahren kann man auch Kontaktlinsen mit verschiedenen optischen Werten herstellen, bevorraten und anpassen.
In den folgenden Beispielen wird die Herstellung von optischen Linsen gemäss dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren erläutert.
Beispiel 1
Aus 50 Augen frischgeschlachteter und untersuchter Tiere, wie Rinder oder Schweine, werden die Linsen, unter Beachtung der histologischen Arbeitsweise, herausgenommen und entkapselt. Danach trennt man auf mechanischem Wege die mehr flüssigen peripheren Anteile der Linsen von den festeren Kernen.
Die Kerne werden allmählich, ohne Risse und Spalten zu bilden, auf 60 bis 8O0/o Festsubstanz getrocknet, was dadurch erreicht wird, dass eine Trockenatmosphäre benutzt wird, deren Feuchtigkeitsgehalt jeweils nur um einen geringen Bruchteil unter dem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Proteine liegt. Diese Kerne werden danach bei Temperaturen von 20 bis 600 C in die gewünschte Form nach üblichen Methoden gepresst.
Der Pressdruck, 20 bis 50 kg pro cm2, ist mit der Zeitdauer so zu bemessen, dass ein glasklarer, fester Körper als Sehhilfe der gewünschten optischen Brechungskraft erhalten wird.
Beispiel 2
Man kann auch so vorgehen, dass die nach Beispiel 1 abgetrennten peripheren Anteile durch Dialyse von störenden Begleitstoffen befreit und in Lösungen von Salzen, Säuren, Alkalien oder Harnstoff, wie vorher angegeben, gelöst und klar zentrifugiert werden.
Aus diesem Sol wird durch Eindiffundieren von Kupfer-, Cadmium-, Calcium- und anderen Metallionen ein ionotropes klares Gel erhalten. Die Form der ge wünschten Sehhilfe wird durch entsprechende Wahl passend geformter, für Ionen durchlässiger Membranen, etwa aus Celluloseester oder -älther oder Mukopopolysacchariden, wie Alginaten, Pektinaten usw., gegeben.
Beispiel 3
Man löst das Protein von 20 entkapselten Rinderlinsen in 20 ml Salz-, Säure-, Alkali-, Harnstofflösung auf, homogenisiert durch Rühren und entfernt durch Dialyse die störenden Begleitstoffe in gleicher Weise wie vorher angegeben.
Nach Hinzufügen eines mehrwertigen (5 bis 30 O/o) Alkohols, wie etwa Glykol, Glycerin, wird die klare, viskose Lösung in die Mittelkammer eines Elektrodialysators eingefüllt. Unter Niedervoltgleichspannung von etwa 2 bis 8 V werden die Elektrolyte und weitgehend das Wasser in an sich bekannter Weise entfernt und so das Sol in ein klares Gel übergeführt. Die gewünschte Form der Sehhilfe gibt man dem Gel durch entsprechend geformte Membranquerschnitte.
Die nach den vorhergehenden Beispielen gewonnenen und geformten klaren, doppelbrechenden Gele werden nunmehr durch Quervernetzung mechanisch und chemisch stabilisiert. Diese Quervernetzung wird dadurch erzielt, dass die nach den vorhergehenden Beispielen gewonnenen und geformten Gele mit schwachen Gerbmitteln, wie Formaldehyd, behandelt werden.
Man kann auch so vorgehen, dass man bereits bei der Gelbildung maskierte, nicht ionische Gerbmittel, wie Hexamethylentetramin, zugibt und nach erfolgter Formgebung in an sich bekannter Weise auslöst.
Optical lens to be worn in contact with the eye
Visual aids, such as contact lenses and replacement lenses for optical correction of the eye, made of plastics are known to the technology today. Their advantages are offset by the disadvantage that a body foreign to the organ is brought into intimate contact with the eye and has to remain in contact with it for a longer period of time or permanently.
The subject matter of the invention is an optical lens to be worn in contact with the eye, consisting of irreversibly solidified gels made from the protein of the eye lenses of warm-blooded animals. The invention also relates to a method for producing the lens according to the invention.
The lens of the eye of warm-blooded animals consists of an optically denser core and a thicker water-containing shell. Both the core and the shell can be used as starting material for the manufacture of the new lens.
If, according to one embodiment of the method, the core is used as the starting material, it is carefully dewatered under such conditions that the moisture potential between the gel of the core and the surrounding atmosphere is kept as low as possible. The material required for the construction of the lens is thus obtained without an irreversible change in the state of the protein; this avoids structural breakdown. If a water content of 10 to 30% is reached in the core in this embodiment of the method, the protein body dehydrated in this way can be shaped.
The appropriate shape can be given to the body of the lens by cutting and / or non-cutting deformation. In the case of non-cutting deformation by pressing, the pressing pressure, the pressing duration, the temperature and the water content are variables that have to be determined from case to case by preliminary tests; Pressing time, temperature and water content depend on each other. The crystal-clear briquettes obtained in this way have the desired inside and outside curves, i. H. the desired refractive power of the optical lenses. They can be stored according to measurement curves and optical data, if necessary in sets.
If, according to another embodiment of the manufacturing process, the substance of the shell is used as the starting material, it is mixed with aqueous solutions of acids such as pyruvic, lactic, tartaric or citric acid, or of alkalis such as lithium, sodium, potassium or ammonium hydroxide , or of urea and its derivatives or salts, such as lithium rhodanide, dissolved to form clear, fairly concentrated solutions or brines that are free of degraded, denatured protein.
From these solutions, by diffusing in counterions, the filamentary molecules can first be arranged like with polyelectrolytes and then solidified into a clear gel. Such clear gels can also be deposited in an electric field or by simply changing the pH value, as in the case of symplexes. Like the native lenses of the eye, the brine obtained consists of ordered thread molecules.
The necessary shaping of the gel can be obtained in this embodiment of the process by letting the gel formation take place under the pressure of the shape, for example in electrodialytic production in appropriately shaped permeable membranes made of cellulose esters, alginates and the like, or in shaping by ion diffusion by enclosing the Sols in ion-permeable shells, which are shaped to match the capsule of the eye lens.
The gels obtained and shaped in this way can now be irreversibly crosslinked, limited and gradually dehydrated. This process, similar to tanning, makes them resistant to aqueous solutions and liquids, as well as atmospheres. Under certain circumstances, this can also be done by using masked tanning agents, such as hexamethylenetetramine, during gel formation and triggering the crosslinking process in a manner known per se after the shaping has taken place.
Technically, the shaped bodies produced by the process according to the invention can be used as optical visual aids after removal of the eye lenses by operation and cataract extract by using them, for example, B. from an available set ordered according to optical data and curves and immediately implanted. For this purpose, the optical data of the lens to be removed are measured beforehand in the patient's eye. After this measurement, the new lens formed from the natural protein from healthy and tested individuals is immediately implanted in place of the removed one.
The new process can also be used to manufacture, store and adapt contact lenses with different optical values.
In the following examples, the production of optical lenses according to the method according to the invention is explained.
example 1
The lenses are removed from 50 eyes of freshly slaughtered and examined animals such as cattle or pigs, taking into account the histological method, and decapsulated. Then the more fluid peripheral parts of the lenses are separated mechanically from the more solid nuclei.
The cores are gradually dried to 60 to 80% solids without forming cracks or crevices, which is achieved by using a dry atmosphere, the moisture content of which is only a small fraction below the moisture content of the proteins. These cores are then pressed into the desired shape using conventional methods at temperatures of 20 to 600 ° C.
The pressing pressure, 20 to 50 kg per cm2, is to be measured over time so that a crystal-clear, solid body is obtained as a visual aid with the desired optical refractive power.
Example 2
It is also possible to proceed in such a way that the peripheral portions separated off according to Example 1 are freed of interfering accompanying substances by dialysis and are dissolved in solutions of salts, acids, alkalis or urea, as indicated above, and centrifuged until they are clear.
An ionotropic clear gel is obtained from this sol by diffusing in copper, cadmium, calcium and other metal ions. The shape of the desired visual aid is given by appropriate selection of suitably shaped membranes that are permeable to ions, for example made of cellulose esters or cellulose ethers or mucopopolysaccharides such as alginates, pectinates, etc.
Example 3
The protein from 20 decapsulated bovine lentils is dissolved in 20 ml of salt, acid, alkali, urea solution, homogenized by stirring and the interfering accompanying substances are removed by dialysis in the same way as previously indicated.
After adding a polyhydric (5 to 30%) alcohol, such as glycol or glycerine, the clear, viscous solution is poured into the middle chamber of an electrodialyzer. The electrolytes and largely the water are removed in a manner known per se using a low-voltage DC voltage of around 2 to 8 V and the sol is thus converted into a clear gel. The desired shape of the visual aid is given to the gel through appropriately shaped membrane cross-sections.
The clear, birefringent gels obtained and shaped according to the preceding examples are now mechanically and chemically stabilized by cross-linking. This cross-linking is achieved in that the gels obtained and shaped according to the preceding examples are treated with weak tanning agents such as formaldehyde.
It is also possible to proceed in such a way that masked, non-ionic tanning agents, such as hexamethylenetetramine, are added during gel formation and, after shaping has taken place, released in a manner known per se.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES0107397 | 1966-12-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH493859A true CH493859A (en) | 1970-07-15 |
Family
ID=7528077
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1727567A CH493859A (en) | 1966-12-13 | 1967-12-08 | Optical lens to be worn in contact with the eye |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT289418B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE706305A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH493859A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1617804A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1168173A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU54685A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6714485A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0011523A1 (en) * | 1978-10-18 | 1980-05-28 | ESSILOR INTERNATIONAL Compagnie Générale d'Optique | Hydrogels from natural protein polymers, their production and soft contact lenses made from them |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2617763B1 (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1989-12-01 | Essilor Int | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CONTACT LENS IN A NATURAL PROTEIN POLYMER, BY MOLDING BEFORE CROSS-LINKING |
-
1966
- 1966-12-13 DE DE19661617804 patent/DE1617804A1/en active Pending
-
1967
- 1967-10-16 AT AT933267A patent/AT289418B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-10-17 LU LU54685D patent/LU54685A1/xx unknown
- 1967-10-25 NL NL6714485A patent/NL6714485A/xx unknown
- 1967-11-10 BE BE706305D patent/BE706305A/xx unknown
- 1967-12-07 GB GB55812/67A patent/GB1168173A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-12-08 CH CH1727567A patent/CH493859A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0011523A1 (en) * | 1978-10-18 | 1980-05-28 | ESSILOR INTERNATIONAL Compagnie Générale d'Optique | Hydrogels from natural protein polymers, their production and soft contact lenses made from them |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE706305A (en) | 1968-03-18 |
| DE1617804A1 (en) | 1972-01-05 |
| GB1168173A (en) | 1969-10-22 |
| NL6714485A (en) | 1968-06-14 |
| LU54685A1 (en) | 1967-12-18 |
| AT289418B (en) | 1971-04-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL | Patent ceased |