CH496129A - Process for strengthening nonwovens - Google Patents
Process for strengthening nonwovensInfo
- Publication number
- CH496129A CH496129A CH1198765A CH496129DA CH496129A CH 496129 A CH496129 A CH 496129A CH 1198765 A CH1198765 A CH 1198765A CH 496129D A CH496129D A CH 496129DA CH 496129 A CH496129 A CH 496129A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- nonwovens
- fleece
- liquor
- aqueous
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 ethylene, propylene Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DBNPDRYVYQWGFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[Cu]=O Chemical compound N.[Cu]=O DBNPDRYVYQWGFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006295 polythiol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiglycol Chemical compound OCCSCCO YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950006389 thiodiglycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- QPYKYDBKQYZEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)O QPYKYDBKQYZEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004792 Corchorus capsularis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- FRXFBIWLAJRBQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanedioic acid;2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound OCCOCCO.OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O FRXFBIWLAJRBQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005628 tolylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
- D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/4334—Polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
- D06M15/233—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated aromatic, e.g. styrene
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
- D06M15/248—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/31—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated nitriles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/693—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural or synthetic rubber, or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Description
Verfahren zur Verfestigung von Vliesen
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Verfestigung von Vliesen.
In der belgischen Patentschrift Nr. 628 348 wird ein Verfahren zur Verfestigung von nicht gewebten textilen Flächengebilden beschrieben, wobei wässrige Dispersionen von Vinylpolymerisaten als Verfestigungs- mittel eingesetzt werden. Die Reiss- und Scheuerfestigkeiten der dabei erhaltenen verfestigten Vliese sind jedoch unbefriedigend.
Aus der britischen Patentschrift Nr. 734 594 ist es bekannt, zur Verfestigung von Vliesen Lösungen von Isocyanatgruppen enthaltenden Reaktionsprodukten in organischen Lösungsmitteln zu verwenden. Dieses Verfestigungsverfahren zeigt den Nachteil, dass beim Arbeiten mit organischen Lösungsmitteln besondere Massnahmen und Vorrichtungen nötig sind, wodurch das Verfahren nicht mehr überall unbeschränkt durchgeführt werden kann und zudem die Behandlungskosten gegenüber der Behandlung in wässrigem Medium erhöht werden.
In der deutschen Auslegeschrift Nr. 1 098 909 wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunstleder durch Beschichtung von textilen Substraten beschrieben, das bei entsprechender Anpassung auch zur Verfestigung von Faservliesen eingesetzt werden kann. Bei diesem Verfahren erfolgt eine erste Behandlung mit wässrigen Dispersionen von Vinylpolymerisaten und danach eine Behandlung mit Lösungen von Isocyanatgruppen enthaltenden Reaktionsprodukten in organischen Lösunss- mitteln. wobei jedoch hervorgehoben wird. dass zwischen diesen beiden Behandlungsstufen eine gründliche Trocknung erfolgen muss. Dementsprechend steigen die Behandlungskosten nicht nur zufolge der für Lösungsmit telbehandlungen notwendigen Spezialeinrichtungen, sondern werden durch die erforderliche Zwischentrocknung weiterhin erhöht.
Es ist Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, das die vorstehend beschriebenen Nachteile nicht aufweist und die Ausführung der Vliesverfestigung in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang unter Verwendung wässriger Dispersionen ermöglicht.
Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass man die Vliese mit einer wässrigen Flotte behandelt, die a) aus Vinyl- oder Divinylmonomeren hergestellte Polymerisate oder Mischpolymerisate, die zur Reaktion mit Isocyanaten befähigte Gruppen besitzen, und b) Isocyanatgruppen enthaltende Umsetzungsprodukte. welche aus mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen tragenden Verbindungen vom Molekulargewicht 500-3000 und Polyisocyanaten hergestellt sind, enthält.
Zu den aus Vinyl- oder Divinylmonomeren hergestellten und zur Reaktion mit Isocyanaten befähigte Gruppen besitzenden Polymerisaten und Mischpolymerisaten gehören beispielsweise solche Polymerisate oder Mischpolymerisate, die aus Acryl- oder Methacrylsäure oder aus deren zur Reaktion mit Isocyanatgruppen befähigten Estern, z. B. den Hydroxyalkylestern, oder Amiden erhältlich sind, gegebenenfalls durch Mischpolymerisation mit anderen olefinisch ungesättigten Verbindungen, wie Athylen, Propylen. Vinylchlorid. Vinylacetat, Vinyläther, z. B.
Vinyläthyläther, Styrol, Divinylbenzol, Butadien, Isopren, Chloropren; ferner jene Mischpolymerisate, die erhältlich sind. wenn man N Methylolacrylamid, N-Methylolmethacrylamid oder deren durch Umsetzung mit mindestens eine weitere funktionelle Gruppe enthaltenden Alkoholen bereiteten Ab kömmlingen mit anderen olefinisch ungesättigten Verbindungen mischpolymerisiert. z. B. gemäss dem Verfahren der französischen Patentschrift Nr. 1 328 75s.
Zu den mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen trigenden Verbindungen vom Molekulargewicht 500-3000. die den erfindungsgemäss zu verwenden Umsetzungsproduk- ten b) zugrunde liegen, gehören beispielsweise Poly äthylenglykole, Polypropylenglykole. Polybutylenglykole oder Polyhexylenglykole sowie Polythioäther, die z. B.
durch Kondensation von Thiodiglykol mit sich selbst oder mit schwefelfreien Polyalkoholen erhältlich sind, ferner die Polyester, die aus aliphatischen Dicarbonsäuren, wie Bernsteinsäure, Adipinsäure, Sebacinsäure oder Maleinsäure, und Polyalkoholen, wie Athylen- glykol, Diäthylenglykol, Propylenglykol, Butandiol oder Neopentylglykol, erhältlich sind. Bevorzugt sind solche Verbindungen, deren Molekulargewicht im Bereich von 800-3000 liegt und deren OH-Zahl einen Wert von 30-250 hat.
Für die Herstellung der Umsetzungsprodukte b) kommen als Polyisocyanate vorzugsweise aliphatische und cycloaliphatische Diisocyanate in Betracht. Genannt seien beispielsweise Tetramethylendiisocyanat, Hexamethylendiisocyanat, 1 ,4-Cyclohexandiisocyanat, 4,4'-Dicyclohexylmethandiisocyanat sowie 2,4- und 2,6-Hexahydrotoluylendiisocyanat. Geeignet sind ferner auch aromatische Diisocyanate, wie p-Phenylenduso- cyanat und 2,4- oder 2,6-Toluylendiisocyanat, sowie Triisocyanate, wie das aus 3 Mol Hexamethylendiisocyanat und 1 Mol Wasser erhältliche Umsetzungsprodukt der Formel OCN-(CH)6-N[-COSH-(CH.z)rNCO].,.
Die Herstellung der Isocyanatgruppen besitzenden Umsetzungsprodukte kann in an sich bekannter Weise erfolgen, indem man die mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen tragenden Verbindungen mit einem auf den Hydroxylgehalt berechneten stöchiometrischen Überschuss an Polyisocyanaten bei erhöhten Temperaturen umsetzt.
Die Isocyanatgruppen besitzenden Umsetzungsprodukte können gewünschtenfalls auch in Form der bekannten Bisulfit-Additionsprodukte eingesetzt werden.
Die Behandlung der Vliese mit den erfindungsgemäss in Betracht kommenden Flotten erfolgt nach den bekannten Verfestigungsmethoden:
Das Bindemittel wird beispielsweise in Form einer wässrigen Flotte oder eines Schaumes aus dieser Flotte zur Anwendung gebracht. Der Anteil des Bindemittels an dem Gesamtgewicht der wässrigen Flotte kann naturgemäss in weiten Grenzen schwanken. Er beträgt im allgemeinen etwa 5 ,% bis 70SS und liegt vorteilhafterweise bei etwa 25 t bis 50 C des Gewichts der wässrigen Flotte. Das Verhältnis der beiden Bindemittel a) und b) untereinander kann gleichfalls stark variieren und liegt beispielsweise im Bereich von 1: 4 bis 4:1 (a: b).
Nach der Imprägnierung wird die überschüssige Flotte bzw. der Schaum abgequetscht (der Abquetscheffekt liegt beispielsweise bei 5 % bis 150 % Binderaufnahme) und das Vlies einem Trockner zugeführt. Au sserdem kann mit den erwähnten Flotten eine Oberflächenverfestigung des Vlieses durch Aufqprühen.
Pflatschen oder Aufrakeln der verdickten Flotte oder eines Binderschaumes erzielt werden. Eine Hitzebehandlung nach der Trocknung, wie sie üblicherweise beim Verfestigen von Vliesen unter Zusatz der bekannten vernetzbaren Bindemittel erforderlich ist, kann im vorliegenden Fall unterbleiben.
Nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren lassen sich Vliese aus verschiedenartigsten Fasern natürlicher oder synthetischer Herkunft, beispielsweise aus Baumwolle, regenerierter Cellulose, Celluloseestern, Wolle, regenerierten Proteinen, Polyacrylnitril, Polyamiden, Polyurethanen, Polyestern, Polyolefinen, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyvinylalkohol und Polycarbonaten, zu Vliesstoffcn verfestigen.
Die mechanischen Eigenschaften der erhaltenen Vliesstoffc sind sehr gut, der Griff variiert je nach der Zusammensetzung der Binderflotten von weich bis hart.
Die Gebrauchstüchtigkeit der Vliesstoffe wird durch Nass- oder Trockenreinigung nicht beeinflusst.
Unter dem Bgeriff Vlies sind hier aus losen Fasern bestehende Ein- oder Mehrlagenflore zu verstehen, in denen die Fasern in Vorzugsrichtungen oder aber auch ohne Vorzugsrichtungen angeordnet sind; ferner gehören hierzu Ein- oder Mehrlagenflore, die vorverfestigt oder vernadelt sind, sowie Vliese, die mit Hilfe der Näh- oder Nähwerktechnik bereits einen gewissen Zusammenhalt erfahren haben. Die Vliese können gewünschtenfalls auch mit anderen Flächengebilden, z. B. mit Geweben, Gewirken oder Schaumstoffen, verbunden sein.
In den folgenden Beispielen stehen, falls nichts anderes angegeben, Teile für Gewichtsteile.
Beispiel I
Ein Faservlies aus Kupferoxydammoniak-Cellulose wird mit einer wässrigen Flotte imprägniert, die im Liter 400 g einer 40 O igen wässrigen Dispersion eines Mischpolymerisats aus 10 Teilen Butadien, 10 Teilen Styrol, 5 Teilen Acrylamid und 75 Teilen Acrylsäurebutylester sowie 600 g der nachstehend beschriebenen Emulsion eines Isocyanat-Vorpolymerisates enthält. Nach der Im prägnierung wird das Vlies auf einen Flottengehalt von etwa 120 O abgequetseht. Danach wird bei 80 bis 1100 C getrocknet. Das so behandelte Vlies hat einen angenehm weichen Griff und eine Reissfestigkeit von 52 kg/cm-3 bei 19 XO Dehnung.
Die oben erwähnte Emulsion des Isocyanatvorpolymerisats war beispielsweise folgendermassen bereitet: 3000 g eines Polypropylenglykols, das ein Molekulargewicht von etwa 2000, eine OH-Zahl von 55,5 und eine Säurezahl < 0,5 aufweist, wurden mit 535 g Hexamethylendiisocyanat 2 Stdn. auf 1000 C und anschlie ssend noch 1 '/, Stdn. auf 130-1400C erhitzt. Aus 300 g des erhaltenen Umsetzungsproduktes, dessen Gehalt an freien Isocyanatgruppen 3,9 Gew.S; betrug, wurde dann zusammen mit 100 g Äthylacetat und 600 g Wasser unter Zusatz von 5 g Laurylsulfat eine Emulsion bereitet.
Beispiel 2
Ein Faservlies aus Kupferoxydammoniak-Cellulose wird mit einer wässrigen Flotte imprägniert, die im Liter 400 g einer 40 , eigen wässrigen Dispersion eines Mischpolymerisates aus 95 Teilen Acrylsäureäthylester und 5 Teilen Acrylamid sowie 600 g der im Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Emulsion enthält. Die Verfestigung erfolgt auf gleiche Weise wie in Beispiel 1. Das so behandelte Vlies hat bei gutem Stand einen relativ weichen Griff und eine Reissfestigkeit von 50 kg/cm bei 22 av Reissdehnung.
Beispiel 3
Ein Fascrvlies aus Kupferoxidammoniale-Celltllose wird mit einer wässrigen Flotte behandelt, die im Liter 400 g einer 40 ',; igen wässrigen Dispersion eines Nlischpolymerisats aus 65 Teilen Acrylsäurebutylester, 30 Teilen Styrol und 5 Teilen Acrylamid sowie 600 g der nachstehend beschriebenen Emulsion eines Isocyanaten vorpolymerisates enthält. Nach der Imprägnierung wird das Vlies auf einen Flottengehalt von etwa 120 % abgequetscht und bei 80-100 C getrocknet. Das so behandelte Vlies hat einen angenehmen, sehr weichen Griff, die ReissSestigkeit beträgt 42 kg/cm2 bei 23 " Dehnung.
Die verwendete Emulsion des Isocyanatvorpolyme risat war beispicisweise folgendermassen bereitet:
500 g eines Polythioäthers, der durch Kondensation von 700 Teilen Thiodiglykol mit 300 Teilen 2,2-Di- methylpropandiol-(1,3) bis zu einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 1900 (OH-Zahl 59) hergestellt war, wurden mit 500 g Hexamethylendiisocyanat eine Stunde auf 1000 C erhitzt. Dann wurde das überschüssige Diisocyanat aus der Reaktionsmischung durch Destillation bei Temperaturen bis zu 1500 C unter 0,1 Torr abgetrennt. Aus 300 g des erhaltenen IsoQvanatvorpoly- merisats, dessen Gehalt an freien NCO-Gruppen 4,3 Gew.% betrug, wurde anschliessend mit 100 g Athyl- acetat und 600 g Wasser unter Zusatz von 5 g Laurylsulfat eine Emulsion bereitet.
Beispiel 4
Ein Faservlies aus Nylon-6-Fasern wird mit der in Beispiel 3 beschriebenen Flotte imprägniert, dann auf etwa 120 % Flottengehalt abgequetscht und bei 80 bis 1000 C getrocknet. Das so behandelte Vlies ist sehr weich und hat eine Reissfestigkeit von 33 kg;cm' bei 50 % Dehnung.
Beispiel 5
In dem Verfahren des Beispiels 1 kann man mit gleichem oder ähnlichem Ergebnis auch folgende Binder Komponenten einsetzen: a) wässrige Polymerisatdispcrsionen aus:
I. 85 Teilen Acrylsäurebutylester
10 Teilen Butadien
5 Teilen Methacrylamid
Feststoffgehalt: 42 %
II. 80 Teilen Acrylsäurebutylester
15 Teilen Acrylnitril
5 Teilen Acrylamid
Feststoffgehalt: 40 %
III. 25 Teilen Acrylsäurebutylester
48 Teilen Vinylidenchlorid
20 Teilen Styrol
6 Teilen Acrylamid
1 Teil Acrylsäure
Feststoffgehalt: 38 o
IV. 60 Teilen Acrylsäurebutylester
35 Teilen Styrol
5 Teilen Acrylamid
Feststoffgehalt: 40 %
V. 15 Teilen Acrylnitril
78 Teilen Butadien
4 Teilen Methacrylsäure
3 Teilen Acrylamid
Feststoffgehalt:
38 ó
VI. 95 Teilen Acrylsäureäthylester
5 Teilen Acrylamid
Feststoffgehalt: 40 R b) Isocyanatvorpolymerisate aus: (X) verzweigtem Polypropylenglykol (OHZ 56; Mol.-Gew. 3000) und einem Isomerengemisch aus 65 S Toluylendiisocyanat-(2,4) und
35 X, Toluylendiisocyanat-(2,6)
NCO-Gehalt des Vorpolymerisats 4,07 % ss) linearem Polypropylenglykol (OHZ 108,5; Mol.-Gew. etwa 1000) und Hexamethylendiisocyanat
NCO-Gehalt des Vorpolymerisats 5,6/o ;) linearem Polyester, hergestellt aus Adipinsäure
Diäthylenglykol (OHZ 42,3;
SZ 1,7), und Hexamethylendiisocyanat
NCO-Gehalt des Vorpolymerisats 3,7/0 #) linearem Polyäthylenoxid (OHZ 132; Mol.-Gew. 850) und Hexamethylendiisocyanat
NCO-Gehalt des Vorpolymerisats 7,2
In der folgenden Tabelle sind die Ergebnisse auf verschiedenen Vliesarten zusammengestellt:
:
Substanz [gil Feststoffs Substrat Ergebnis a b
I 200 a 200 Polyamid weiches, festes Vlies, gute Sprungelastizität II 250 < ± 100 Polyacrylnitril weiches, wenig elastisches Vlies mit mittlerer Festigkeit 111 300 ss 100 Kupferoxidammoniak- hartes, unelastisches Vlies mit guter Festigkeit und
Cellulose geringer Dehnung
IV 400 , 100 Polyamid relativ hartes, unelastisches Vlies mit extrem guter
Reissfestigkeit und hervorragender Nassfestigkeit
V 150 a 300 Polyester weiches, sehr elastisches Vlies mit mittlerer Festigkeit
VI 200 ri 150 Kupferoxidammoniak- relativ hartes,
unelastisches Vlies mit besonders
Cellulose trockenem Griff
IV 350 # 150 Jute unclastisches Vlies von geringer Dehnung und hervorragender Reissfestigkeit VII 200 d 200 Polyacrylnitril besonders voluminöses Vlies mit guter Bauschelastizität und Festigkeit 1I 250 ; 150 Polyäthylenterephthalat voluminöses. weiches Vlies mit mittlerer Festigkeit
Process for strengthening nonwovens
The present invention relates to a method for consolidating nonwovens.
Belgian patent specification No. 628 348 describes a process for consolidating non-woven textile fabrics, using aqueous dispersions of vinyl polymers as consolidating agents. However, the tear and abrasion strengths of the consolidated nonwovens obtained in this way are unsatisfactory.
From British Patent No. 734 594 it is known to use solutions of isocyanate group-containing reaction products in organic solvents for solidifying nonwovens. This solidification process has the disadvantage that when working with organic solvents, special measures and devices are necessary, which means that the process can no longer be carried out without restrictions everywhere and, moreover, the treatment costs are increased compared to treatment in an aqueous medium.
The German Auslegeschrift No. 1 098 909 describes a process for the production of artificial leather by coating textile substrates which, with appropriate adaptation, can also be used for strengthening fiber fleeces. This process involves a first treatment with aqueous dispersions of vinyl polymers and then a treatment with solutions of reaction products containing isocyanate groups in organic solvents. however, is emphasized. that thorough drying must take place between these two treatment stages. Accordingly, the treatment costs not only rise as a result of the special facilities required for solvents, but are also increased by the necessary intermediate drying.
The object of the present invention is to create a method which does not have the disadvantages described above and which enables the web consolidation to be carried out in a single operation using aqueous dispersions.
According to the invention, this is achieved by treating the nonwovens with an aqueous liquor containing a) polymers or copolymers made from vinyl or divinyl monomers which have groups capable of reacting with isocyanates, and b) reaction products containing isocyanate groups. which are made from at least two hydroxyl group-bearing compounds with a molecular weight of 500-3000 and polyisocyanates.
The polymers and copolymers produced from vinyl or divinyl monomers and having groups capable of reacting with isocyanates include, for example, those polymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic acid or from their esters capable of reacting with isocyanate groups, e.g. B. the hydroxyalkyl esters, or amides are available, optionally by copolymerization with other olefinically unsaturated compounds such as ethylene, propylene. Vinyl chloride. Vinyl acetate, vinyl ether, e.g. B.
Vinyl ethyl ether, styrene, divinylbenzene, butadiene, isoprene, chloroprene; also those copolymers that are available. if N methylolacrylamide, N-methylol methacrylamide or their derivatives prepared by reaction with at least one further functional group-containing alcohols are copolymerized with other olefinically unsaturated compounds. z. B. according to the method of French Patent No. 1 328 75s.
To the compounds with a molecular weight of 500-3000 which have at least two hydroxyl groups. which are based on the reaction products b) to be used according to the invention include, for example, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols. Polybutylene glycols or polyhexylene glycols and polythioethers which, for. B.
are obtainable by condensation of thiodiglycol with itself or with sulfur-free polyalcohols, also the polyesters which are obtainable from aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid or maleic acid, and polyalcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol or neopentyl glycol . Those compounds whose molecular weight is in the range from 800-3000 and whose OH number has a value of 30-250 are preferred.
Suitable polyisocyanates for the preparation of the reaction products b) are preferably aliphatic and cycloaliphatic diisocyanates. Examples include tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and 2,4- and 2,6-hexahydrotolylene diisocyanate. Also suitable are aromatic diisocyanates, such as p-phenylene dusocyanate and 2,4- or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, and triisocyanates, such as the reaction product of the formula OCN- (CH) 6-N obtainable from 3 moles of hexamethylene diisocyanate and 1 mole of water [-COSH- (CH.z) rNCO].,.
The reaction products containing isocyanate groups can be prepared in a manner known per se by reacting the compounds bearing at least two hydroxyl groups with a stoichiometric excess of polyisocyanates calculated on the hydroxyl content at elevated temperatures.
The reaction products containing isocyanate groups can, if desired, also be used in the form of the known bisulfite addition products.
The nonwovens are treated with the liquors that can be considered according to the invention using the known consolidation methods:
The binder is used, for example, in the form of an aqueous liquor or a foam from this liquor. The proportion of the binder in the total weight of the aqueous liquor can naturally fluctuate within wide limits. It is generally about 5.% to 70% and is advantageously about 25 t to 50 ° C. of the weight of the aqueous liquor. The ratio of the two binders a) and b) to one another can likewise vary widely and is, for example, in the range from 1: 4 to 4: 1 (a: b).
After impregnation, the excess liquor or foam is squeezed off (the squeezing effect is, for example, 5% to 150% binder absorption) and the fleece is fed to a dryer. In addition, the liquors mentioned can be used to strengthen the surface of the fleece by spraying it on.
Paddling or doctoring the thickened liquor or a binder foam can be achieved. A heat treatment after drying, as is usually necessary when consolidating nonwovens with the addition of the known crosslinkable binders, can be omitted in the present case.
According to the inventive method, nonwovens made of a wide variety of fibers of natural or synthetic origin, for example cotton, regenerated cellulose, cellulose esters, wool, regenerated proteins, polyacrylonitrile, polyamides, polyurethanes, polyesters, polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol and polycarbonates, can be consolidated into nonwovens.
The mechanical properties of the nonwovens obtained are very good, and the handle varies from soft to hard depending on the composition of the binder liquor.
The serviceability of the nonwovens is not affected by wet or dry cleaning.
The term fleece here is to be understood as meaning single or multi-layer piles consisting of loose fibers in which the fibers are arranged in preferred directions or else without preferred directions; this also includes single or multi-layer piles that are pre-consolidated or needled, as well as nonwovens that have already experienced a certain cohesion with the help of sewing or sewing technology. If desired, the nonwovens can also be combined with other flat structures, e.g. B. with fabrics, knitted fabrics or foams.
In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, parts are parts by weight.
Example I.
A fiber fleece made of copper oxide ammonia cellulose is impregnated with an aqueous liquor containing 400 g per liter of a 40% aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of 10 parts of butadiene, 10 parts of styrene, 5 parts of acrylamide and 75 parts of butyl acrylate and 600 g of the emulsion described below Contains isocyanate prepolymer. After the impregnation, the fleece is squeezed to a liquor content of about 120.degree. It is then dried at 80 to 1100 ° C. The fleece treated in this way has a pleasantly soft feel and a tear strength of 52 kg / cm-3 at 19 XO elongation.
The above-mentioned emulsion of the isocyanate prepolymer was prepared, for example, as follows: 3000 g of a polypropylene glycol, which has a molecular weight of about 2000, an OH number of 55.5 and an acid number <0.5, were mixed with 535 g of hexamethylene diisocyanate for 2 hours per 1000 C and then heated for 1 1/2 hour to 130-1400C. From 300 g of the reaction product obtained, whose content of free isocyanate groups is 3.9 wt. S; an emulsion was then prepared together with 100 g of ethyl acetate and 600 g of water with the addition of 5 g of lauryl sulfate.
Example 2
A nonwoven fabric made of copper oxide ammonia cellulose is impregnated with an aqueous liquor containing 400 g per liter of a 40, aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of 95 parts of ethyl acrylate and 5 parts of acrylamide and 600 g of the emulsion described in Example 1. The consolidation takes place in the same way as in Example 1. The nonwoven fabric treated in this way has a relatively soft feel when it is in good condition and a tear strength of 50 kg / cm at 22 av elongation at break.
Example 3
A fiber fleece made of copper oxide ammoniale cellulose is treated with an aqueous liquor containing 400 g per liter of a 40 ',; igen aqueous dispersion of a mixed polymer of 65 parts of butyl acrylate, 30 parts of styrene and 5 parts of acrylamide and 600 g of the emulsion of an isocyanate prepolymer described below. After impregnation, the fleece is squeezed off to a liquor content of about 120% and dried at 80-100.degree. The fleece treated in this way has a pleasant, very soft feel, the tear strength is 42 kg / cm2 at 23 "elongation.
The emulsion of the isocyanate prepolymer used was prepared as follows, for example:
500 g of a polythioether, which was prepared by condensation of 700 parts of thiodiglycol with 300 parts of 2,2-dimethylpropanediol (1,3) up to an average molecular weight of 1900 (OH number 59), were with 500 g of hexamethylene diisocyanate Heated to 1000 C for an hour. The excess diisocyanate was then separated off from the reaction mixture by distillation at temperatures up to 1500 ° C. below 0.1 torr. An emulsion was then prepared with 100 g of ethyl acetate and 600 g of water with the addition of 5 g of lauryl sulfate from 300 g of the obtained isocyanate prepolymer, the content of free NCO groups of which was 4.3% by weight.
Example 4
A non-woven fabric made of nylon 6 fibers is impregnated with the liquor described in Example 3, then squeezed off to a liquor content of around 120% and dried at 80 to 1000.degree. The fleece treated in this way is very soft and has a tensile strength of 33 kg; cm 'at 50% elongation.
Example 5
In the process of Example 1, the following binder components can also be used with the same or similar result: a) aqueous polymer dispersions made from:
I. 85 parts of butyl acrylate
10 parts of butadiene
5 parts of methacrylamide
Solid content: 42%
II. 80 parts of butyl acrylate
15 parts of acrylonitrile
5 parts of acrylamide
Solid content: 40%
III. 25 parts of butyl acrylate
48 parts of vinylidene chloride
20 parts of styrene
6 parts of acrylamide
1 part acrylic acid
Solids content: 38 o
IV. 60 parts of butyl acrylate
35 parts of styrene
5 parts of acrylamide
Solid content: 40%
V. 15 parts of acrylonitrile
78 parts of butadiene
4 parts of methacrylic acid
3 parts of acrylamide
Solids content:
38 ó
VI. 95 parts of ethyl acrylate
5 parts of acrylamide
Solids content: 40 R b) isocyanate prepolymers from: (X) branched polypropylene glycol (OHN 56; molar weight 3000) and an isomer mixture of 65 S toluene diisocyanate (2,4) and
35 X, tolylene diisocyanate- (2.6)
NCO content of the prepolymer 4.07% ss) linear polypropylene glycol (OHN 108.5; mol. Weight approx. 1000) and hexamethylene diisocyanate
NCO content of the prepolymer 5.6 / o;) linear polyester, made from adipic acid
Diethylene glycol (OHN 42.3;
SZ 1,7), and hexamethylene diisocyanate
NCO content of the prepolymer 3.7 / 0 #) linear polyethylene oxide (OHN 132; mol. Wt. 850) and hexamethylene diisocyanate
NCO content of the prepolymer 7.2
The following table shows the results for different types of nonwoven:
:
Substance [gil solid substrate result a b
I 200 a 200 polyamide soft, firm fleece, good elasticity II 250 <± 100 polyacrylonitrile soft, not very elastic fleece with medium strength 111 300 ss 100 copper oxide ammonia-hard, inelastic fleece with good strength and
Low elongation cellulose
IV 400, 100 polyamide relatively hard, inelastic fleece with extremely good
Tear resistance and excellent wet strength
V 150 a 300 polyester soft, very elastic fleece with medium strength
VI 200 ri 150 copper oxide ammonia - relatively hard,
inelastic fleece with especially
Cellulose dry handle
IV 350 # 150 Jute non-plastic fleece with low elongation and excellent tear resistance VII 200 d 200 polyacrylonitrile particularly voluminous fleece with good structural elasticity and strength 1I 250; 150 polyethylene terephthalate voluminous. soft fleece with medium strength
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF0043830 | 1964-08-27 | ||
| DEF0046552 | 1965-07-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH496129A true CH496129A (en) | 1970-09-15 |
Family
ID=25976436
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1198765A CH496129A (en) | 1964-08-27 | 1965-08-26 | Process for strengthening nonwovens |
| CH1198765D CH1198765A4 (en) | 1964-08-27 | 1965-08-26 |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1198765D CH1198765A4 (en) | 1964-08-27 | 1965-08-26 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE668641A (en) |
| CH (2) | CH496129A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE1469351C3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1100240A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6511172A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE310350B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8722973D0 (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1987-11-04 | Ici America Inc | Aqueous polymer compositions |
-
1964
- 1964-08-27 DE DE19641469351 patent/DE1469351C3/en not_active Expired
-
1965
- 1965-07-08 DE DE19651469369 patent/DE1469369A1/en active Granted
- 1965-08-23 BE BE668641D patent/BE668641A/xx unknown
- 1965-08-26 CH CH1198765A patent/CH496129A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1965-08-26 CH CH1198765D patent/CH1198765A4/xx unknown
- 1965-08-26 GB GB3669965A patent/GB1100240A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-08-26 NL NL6511172A patent/NL6511172A/xx unknown
- 1965-08-27 SE SE1122665A patent/SE310350B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1100240A (en) | 1968-01-24 |
| CH1198765A4 (en) | 1970-05-29 |
| DE1469369A1 (en) | 1969-01-09 |
| SE310350B (en) | 1969-04-28 |
| DE1469351C3 (en) | 1974-03-21 |
| BE668641A (en) | 1965-12-16 |
| DE1469351A1 (en) | 1969-02-06 |
| NL6511172A (en) | 1966-02-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL | Patent ceased |