CH501049A - Detergent with temperature controlled foam - Google Patents
Detergent with temperature controlled foamInfo
- Publication number
- CH501049A CH501049A CH793468A CH793468A CH501049A CH 501049 A CH501049 A CH 501049A CH 793468 A CH793468 A CH 793468A CH 793468 A CH793468 A CH 793468A CH 501049 A CH501049 A CH 501049A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- detergent
- fatty acid
- ethylene oxide
- weight
- foam
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002374 sebum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
- C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
Waschmittel mit temperaturreguliertem Schaum
Es ist bekannt, dass durch Zugabe geeigneter Alkaliseifen und nichtionogener kapillaraktiver Substanzen vom Typ der Alkylphenoloxäthylate und der Blockpolymerisate aus Äthylen- und Propylenoxid das Schaumvermögen von anionaktiven Waschmitteln verringert werden kann. Die auf diese Weise schaumregulierten Waschmittel sind zwar in ihrem Schaumverhalten den Waschmitteln auf rein anionaktiver Basis und denen mit schaumdrückenden Zusätzen, wie z.B. Seifen, Wachse und Alkohole, überlegen, befriedigen aber aus zwei Gründen noch nicht alle Anforderungen, die an ein Waschmittel für eine vollautomatische Waschmaschine gestellt werden.
So versagt die durch Zugabe von nichtionogenen Tensiden bewirkte Schaumregulierung in weichem Wasser, was zum Überschäumen in der Waschmaschine in Gegenden mit weichem Wasser oder bei Benutzung von Wasserenthärtungsanlagen führt. Ferner besitzen diese Waschmittel bei hohen Temperaturen auch in hartem Wasser zu starkes Schaumvermögen und neigen vor allem bei Waschautomaten, die bis auf 1000C aufheizen, zum Überschäumen; dabei ist gerade bei den höheren Waschtemperaturen nur geringer Schaum erwünscht, da hier die Mechanik stärker als beim Aufheizvorgang auf das Waschgut wirken soll.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass dieses angestrebte Schaumverhalten, mittlere Schaummenge bei niedriger Temperatur und geringer Schaum bei hoher bzw. Kochtemperatur, sowohl in hartem als auch in weichem Wasser bei einer Waschmittelmischung erzielt wird, die im wesentlichen enthalten a) Alkaliseifen und/oder diesen entsprechende freie Fettsäuren, b) wasserlösliche, kapillaraktive Sulfate oder Sulfonate, c) Gerüstsubstanzen in der 3- bis lOfachen Menge, bezogen auf das Gewicht der gesamten waschaktiven Substanzen und d) 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 6, Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gewicht des fertigen Waschmittelgemisches, einer Anlagerungsverbindung von etwa 8 bis 25 Mol Äthylenoxid an 1 Mol einer zu einem wesentlichen Teil ungesättigte Säuren enthaltende Fettsäuremischung.
In der erfindungsgemässen Waschmittelmischung kann das Verhältnis der Komponenten a) und b) in weiten Grenzen variieren. Es kann je nach den Erfordernissen der Praxis eingestellt werden, Im allgemeinen wird man ein Verhältnis der Komponenten a) : b) im Bereich von etwa 1: 20 bis 3 :1 wählen. Den Anteil der Komponenten a) und b) zusammen in dem fertigen Waschmittelgemisch wird man meist auf etwa 5 bis 35 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 10 bis 20 Gew.-%, einstellen.
Als kapillaraktive Sulfate oder Sulfonate kommen solche auf Basis von langkettigen, gesättigten oder ungesättigten aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen oder von aliphatisch-aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen in Betracht. Beispielsweise seien die Sulfonierungsprodukte von Paraffinen, Olefinen oder Fettsäuren mit etwa 8 bis 22, vorzugsweise 12 bis 18, Kohlenstoffatomen und die Sulfatierungsprodukte von Fettalkoholen mit entsprechenden Kettenlängen genannt. Als Produkte auf Basis von aliphatisch-aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen kommen vor allem die Alkylbenzolsulfonate mit etwa 6 bis 18, vorzugsweise 8 bis 14, Kohlenstoffatomen in den aliphatischen Resten zur Anwendung.
Als Gerüstsubstanzen kommen die in der Waschmittelindustrie hierfür üblichen anorganischen oder organi- schen Verbindungen in Betracht. Es können z.B. Alkalipolyphosphate, Alkaliperborate, Alkali- oder Erdalkalisilikate, Carboxymethylcellulose sowie auch organische komplexbildende Verbindungen, wie Nitrilotriessigsäure, Äthylendiamintetraessigsäure oder andere geeignete Stoffe ähnlicher Art verwendet werden. Die Waschmittelmischungen können ausserdem andere bekannte Zusatzstoffe, die meist in geringen Mengen zum Einsatz kommen, wie z.B. optische Aufheller, Parfum und dergleichen, enthalten.
Als schaumregulierend wirkende nichtionogene Komponente der erfindungsgemässen Waschmittelgemische ha- ben sich vor allem die Oxäthylierungsprodukte von aus natürlichen Vorkommen stammenden Fettsäuren mit einer durchschnittlichen Kettenlänge im Bereich von 12 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen und einer Jodzahl von etwa 80 bis 180, wie z.B. Sojafettsäure oder Tallölfettsäure, als geeignet erwiesen. Bevorzugt kommen die Anlagerungsverbindungen von etwa 8 bis 25 Mol Äthylenoxid an 1 Mol Tallölfettsäure zum Einsatz.
Die Wascheigenschaften der Waschmittelgemische gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung werden hinsichtlich ihrer Reinigungswirkung durch den Gehalt an oxäthylierten Fettsäuren anstelle anderer nichtionogener waschaktiver Substanzen nicht beeinträchtigt.
Der technische Vorteil der erfindungsgemässen Waschmittelmischungen zeigt sich z. B. bei einem Vergleich des Schaumverhaltens zweier Waschpulver, die sich lediglich im nichtionogenen Bestandteil unterscheiden und die folgende Zusammensetzung besitzen (die Teile und Prozentangaben beziehen sich auf das Gewicht): Waschtnittel A
12 % Alkylbenzolsulfonat mit im Mittel 12 Kohlen stoffatomen im Alkylrest
4 % Natriumseife, bestehend aus 1 Teil Cocosfettseife und 3 Teilen Talgfettseife
4 % eines Anlagerungsproduktes von 10 Mol Äthylen oxid an 1 Mol Tallölfettsäure (20 % Harzsäure,
79 % Fettsäure, 1% Unverseifbares) 38 % Natriumtripolyphosphat 20 % Natriumperborat
5 % Natriummetasilikat
3 % Magnesiumsilikat
2 % Carboxymethylcellulose 12% Wasser.
Wasclzmittel B 12 % Alkylbenzolsulfonat mit im Mittel 12 Kohlen stoffatomen im Alkylrest 4 % Natriumseife, bestehend aus 1 Teil Cocosfettseife und 3 Teilen Talgfettseife
4 % eines Kondensationsproduktes von Äthylenoxid und Polyoxypropylen (Molgewicht etwa 3000, Äthylenoxidanteil etwa 60 %) 38 % Natriumtripolyphosphat 20 % Natriumperborat
5 % Natriummetasilikat
3 % Magnesiumsilikat
2 % Carboxymethylcellulose 12% Wasser.
Das Schaumverhalten der beiden Waschpulver wurde unter Praxisbedingungen in einem Waschvollautomaten mit 2,3 kg leicht verschmutzter Wäsche und mit jeweils 75 g Waschmittel für die Vor- und Hauptwäsche bei unterschiedlichen Wasserhärten geprüft. Die Ergebnisse sind aus der graphischen Darstellung zu ersehen, in der die Schaumhöhe in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur aufgetragen wurde. Die Kurven geben die Schaumhöhe in mm während der Hauptwäsche bei 0 und 150 dH an.
Es zeigt sich, dass mit Wasser von 150 dH bei dem Waschpulver A gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung das unerwünschte, beim Vergleichsmuster (Waschpulver B) auftretende Schäumen bei Kochtemperatur ausbleibt.
Noch deutlicher tritt diese vorteilhafte Überlegenheit des Waschmittelgemisches gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung beim Waschen in Wasser von 0 dH in Erscheinung. Das Waschpulver A zeigt hier ein völlig analoges Verhalten wie in hartem Wasser, während das Vergleichsmuster (Waschpulver B) keinerlei Schaumsteuerung erkennen lässt und bei etwa 800C überschäumt.
In den nachfolgenden Beispielen wird die Zusammensetzung weiterer Waschpulver gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung angegeben.
Beispiel 1 10 % Paraffinsulfonat mit im Mittel 15 Kohlenstoff atomen
6 % Natriumseife (gehärtete Rübölseife)
4 % eines Anlagerungsproduktes von 15 Mol Äthylen oxid an 1 Mol Tallölfettsäure (20% Harzsäure,
79 % Fettsäure, 1% Unverseifbares) 38 % Natriumtripolyphosphat 20 % Natriumperborat
5 % Natriummetasilikat
3 % Magnesiumsilikat
2 % Carboxymethylcellulose 120/, Wasser.
Beispiel 2 12 % Alkylbenzolsulfonat mit im Mittel 12 Kohlenstoff atomen im Alkylrest
4 % Natriumseife (Talgfettseife)
4 % der Anlagerungsverbindung von 15 Mol Äthylen oxid an 1 Mol Sojafettsäure 38 % Natriumtripolyphosphat 20 % Natriumperborat
3 % Magnesiumsilikat
5 % Natriummetasilikat
2 % Carboxymethylcellulose 12% Wasser.
Detergent with temperature controlled foam
It is known that the foaming power of anionic detergents can be reduced by adding suitable alkali soaps and non-ionic capillary-active substances of the alkylphenol oxyethylate type and block polymers of ethylene and propylene oxide. The foam-regulated detergents in this way are in their foaming behavior similar to detergents on a purely anion-active basis and those with foam-suppressing additives, such as e.g. Soaps, waxes and alcohols are superior, but for two reasons they do not yet meet all the requirements placed on a detergent for a fully automatic washing machine.
The foam regulation caused by the addition of non-ionic surfactants fails in soft water, which leads to over-foaming in the washing machine in areas with soft water or when using water softening systems. Furthermore, these detergents have excessive foaming power even in hard water at high temperatures and tend to foam over, especially in automatic washing machines that heat up to 1000C; At the same time, especially at the higher washing temperatures, only a small amount of foam is desired because the mechanics should act more strongly on the laundry than during the heating process.
It has now been found that this desired foam behavior, medium amount of foam at low temperature and low foam at high or boiling temperature, is achieved in both hard and soft water with a detergent mixture which essentially contains a) alkali soaps and / or corresponding ones free fatty acids, b) water-soluble, capillary-active sulfates or sulfonates, c) builders in 3 to 10 times the amount, based on the weight of the total detergent substances, and d) 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 6,% by weight, based on the weight of the finished detergent mixture, an addition compound of about 8 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide to 1 mole of a fatty acid mixture containing a substantial proportion of unsaturated acids.
In the detergent mixture according to the invention, the ratio of components a) and b) can vary within wide limits. It can be adjusted depending on the requirements in practice. In general, a ratio of components a): b) in the range from about 1:20 to 3: 1 will be selected. The proportion of components a) and b) together in the finished detergent mixture will usually be adjusted to about 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight.
Suitable capillary-active sulfates or sulfonates are those based on long-chain, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons or on aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons. Examples are the sulfonation products of paraffins, olefins or fatty acids with about 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms and the sulfation products of fatty alcohols with corresponding chain lengths. The products based on aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons are primarily the alkylbenzenesulfonates with about 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 14, carbon atoms in the aliphatic radicals.
The inorganic or organic compounds customary for this purpose in the detergent industry come into consideration as builder substances. E.g. Alkali polyphosphates, alkali perborates, alkali or alkaline earth silicates, carboxymethyl cellulose and also organic complex-forming compounds such as nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or other suitable substances of a similar type can be used. The detergent mixtures can also contain other known additives, which are mostly used in small amounts, such as optical brighteners, perfumes and the like.
The foam-regulating non-ionic components of the detergent mixtures according to the invention are primarily the ethoxylation products of naturally occurring fatty acids with an average chain length in the range of 12 to 22 carbon atoms and an iodine number of about 80 to 180, e.g. Soy fatty acid or tall oil fatty acid have been found to be suitable. The addition compounds of about 8 to 25 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of tall oil fatty acid are preferably used.
The washing properties of the detergent mixtures according to the present invention are not impaired in terms of their cleaning effect by the content of oxethylated fatty acids instead of other nonionic detergent substances.
The technical advantage of the detergent mixtures according to the invention is shown, for. B. when comparing the foam behavior of two washing powders that differ only in the non-ionic component and have the following composition (the parts and percentages relate to the weight): detergent A
12% alkylbenzenesulfonate with an average of 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical
4% sodium soap, consisting of 1 part coconut oil soap and 3 parts tallow oil soap
4% of an adduct of 10 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of tall oil fatty acid (20% resin acid,
79% fatty acid, 1% unsaponifiables) 38% sodium tripolyphosphate 20% sodium perborate
5% sodium metasilicate
3% magnesium silicate
2% carboxymethyl cellulose 12% water.
Washing agent B 12% alkylbenzenesulphonate with an average of 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, 4% sodium soap, consisting of 1 part coconut fat soap and 3 parts tallow fat soap
4% of a condensation product of ethylene oxide and polyoxypropylene (molecular weight about 3000, ethylene oxide content about 60%) 38% sodium tripolyphosphate 20% sodium perborate
5% sodium metasilicate
3% magnesium silicate
2% carboxymethyl cellulose 12% water.
The foaming behavior of the two washing powders was tested under practical conditions in a fully automatic washing machine with 2.3 kg of lightly soiled laundry and with 75 g of detergent each for the pre- and main wash with different water hardnesses. The results can be seen from the graph in which the foam height was plotted as a function of the temperature. The curves indicate the foam height in mm during the main wash at 0 and 150 dH.
It can be seen that with water of 150 dH in washing powder A according to the present invention, the undesirable foaming that occurs in the comparative sample (washing powder B) does not occur at the boiling temperature.
This advantageous superiority of the detergent mixture according to the present invention appears even more clearly when washing in water of 0 dH. The washing powder A shows a completely analogous behavior as in hard water, while the comparison sample (washing powder B) shows no foam control and foams over at around 800C.
In the following examples, the composition of further washing powders according to the present invention is given.
Example 1 10% paraffin sulfonate with an average of 15 carbon atoms
6% sodium soap (hardened rapeseed oil soap)
4% of an adduct of 15 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of tall oil fatty acid (20% resin acid,
79% fatty acid, 1% unsaponifiables) 38% sodium tripolyphosphate 20% sodium perborate
5% sodium metasilicate
3% magnesium silicate
2% carboxymethyl cellulose 120 /, water.
Example 2 12% alkylbenzenesulfonate with an average of 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical
4% sodium soap (sebum soap)
4% of the addition compound of 15 moles of ethylene oxide to 1 mole of soy fatty acid, 38% sodium tripolyphosphate, 20% sodium perborate
3% magnesium silicate
5% sodium metasilicate
2% carboxymethyl cellulose 12% water.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF0052562 | 1967-05-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH501049A true CH501049A (en) | 1970-12-31 |
Family
ID=7105543
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH793468A CH501049A (en) | 1967-05-31 | 1968-05-29 | Detergent with temperature controlled foam |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE715959A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH501049A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1617092A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES354495A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1567555A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1193404A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6807121A (en) |
-
1967
- 1967-05-31 DE DE19671617092 patent/DE1617092A1/en active Pending
-
1968
- 1968-05-20 NL NL6807121A patent/NL6807121A/xx unknown
- 1968-05-29 CH CH793468A patent/CH501049A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-05-29 FR FR1567555D patent/FR1567555A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-05-30 ES ES354495A patent/ES354495A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-05-31 GB GB2615768A patent/GB1193404A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-05-31 BE BE715959D patent/BE715959A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1567555A (en) | 1969-05-16 |
| DE1617092A1 (en) | 1971-04-01 |
| GB1193404A (en) | 1970-06-03 |
| NL6807121A (en) | 1968-12-02 |
| BE715959A (en) | 1968-12-02 |
| ES354495A1 (en) | 1970-03-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL | Patent ceased |