CH649070A5 - Process for removing mercury from Hg-containing effluents - Google Patents
Process for removing mercury from Hg-containing effluents Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH649070A5 CH649070A5 CH2042/81A CH204281A CH649070A5 CH 649070 A5 CH649070 A5 CH 649070A5 CH 2042/81 A CH2042/81 A CH 2042/81A CH 204281 A CH204281 A CH 204281A CH 649070 A5 CH649070 A5 CH 649070A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- waste water
- ion exchanger
- ppm
- ionic
- Prior art date
Links
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940008718 metallic mercury Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 102100021935 C-C motif chemokine 26 Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 101000897493 Homo sapiens C-C motif chemokine 26 Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/04—Processes using organic exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Hg-containing effluent is purified by reducing Hg present in the ionic form to metallic Hg, precipitation of the latter and after treatment of the effluent with ion exchangers.
Description
**WARNUNG** Anfang DESC Feld konnte Ende CLMS uberlappen **.
PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Verfahren zum Entfernen von Quecksilber aus Hg-haltigen Abwässern, wie sie zum Beispiel bei der Acetaldehydherstellung anfallen, wobei zunächst das in ionischem Zustand vorliegende Quecksilber durch Behandlung des Abwassers mit Eisenpulver zu metallischem Hg reduziert und letzteres mittels einer geeigneten Einrichtung abgeschieden wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das nach der Abscheidungseinrichtung für metallisches Quecksilber im Abwasser noch vorliegende ionische Quecksilber mit Hilfe eines Ionenaustauschers entfernt wird.
2. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Abscheider für metallisches Hg und lonenaustauscher das Abwasser einer Zwischenreinigung mit Hilfe von Aktivkohle unterzogen wird.
3. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Ionenaustauscher ein makroporöser Kunstharzionenaustauscher verwendet wird.
Es ist bekannt, Quecksilber aus quecksilberhaltigen Abwässern, wie sie zum Beispiel bei der Acetaldehydherstellung anfallen, mit Hilfe von reduzierenden Metallen zurückzugewinnen. Solche Verfahren haben sich aber in der Technik nicht durchsetzen können, zum Teil weil Verstopfungen in den entsprechenden Aufbereitungsanlagen auftraten, zum Teil weil sich das abgeschiedene Quecksilber nicht ohne weiteres zur Herstellung und Verwendung von neuen Katalysatoren verwenden liess. Es bestand somit das Bedürfnis nach einem Verfahren, das diese Nachteile behebt.
Es wurde ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, das sich technisch gut durchführen lässt, wobei das zurückgewonnene Quecksilber in einer Form anfällt, das leichter aufbereitet werden kann. (Schweizer Patentschrift Nr. 625 491).
Nach diesem Verfahren wird das in ionischem Zustand vorliegende Quecksilber durch Behandlung des Abwassers mit Eisenpulver zu metallischem Hg reduziert und letzteres mittels einer geeigneten Einrichtung abgeschieden. Die Reduktion des ionischen zum metallischen Hg erfolgt am besten in einem Stehtank mit Rührer, vorzugsweise in einer Rührkesselkaskade, während die Abscheidung des metallischen Quecksilbers am besten in einem Zentrifugalabscheider, vorzugsweise des Typs Tellerseparator, ausgeführt wird. Dabei wurden folgende Resultate erzielt: Durchschnittlicher Abwasseranfall: 10 m3/Stunde, Eisenpulvermenge: 0,1 bis 0,5 kg/m3 Abwasser.
Hg-Konzentration im Abwasser: Eintritt: 10 bis 40 ppm, Mittel 20 ppm Austritt: 1 bis 4 ppm; Mittel 2 ppm Hg-Konzentration des abgenutschten Schlammes (vor der Destillation): 2 bis 5%.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, den Quecksilbergehalt des Abwassers noch weiter zu senken. Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass das bei der Reduk tion des ionischen Quecksilbers mit Eisen nicht miterfasste ionische Quecksilber anschliessend mittels eines Ionenaustauschers aus dem Abwasser weitgehend entfernt wird.
Vorzugsweise schaltet man zwischen den Abscheider für das metallische Quecksilber und den Ionenaustauscher noch einen Sand- und einen Aktivkohlefilter. Dadurch erhöht sich die Lebensdauer des Ionenaustauschers.
Als Ionenaustauscher kommen insbesondere makroporöse Kunststoffionenaustauscher in Betracht, z.B. Lewatit OC 1014, Akzo IMAC TMR, Relite MAC 3.
Für die Aufbereitung von Abfallwasser in einer Menge von 2-10 m3/h wird die Ionenaustauschkolonne zweckmässig mit zwei Filtern mit einem Schichtdurchmesser von 1 m und einer Schichthöhe von je 1,5 mbetrieben.
Durch das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren gelingt es, das Abwasser soweit zu reinigen, dass der durchschnittliche Quecksilbergehalt des Abwassers unter 1 ppm, im Mittel bei 0,05-0,1 ppm liegt, was einen Wirkungsgrad der Anlage von 99,5-99,75% ergibt.
** WARNING ** beginning of DESC field could overlap end of CLMS **.
PATENT CLAIMS
1. A method for removing mercury from mercury-containing wastewater, such as is produced, for example, in the production of acetaldehyde, the mercury present in the ionic state first being reduced to metallic mercury by treatment of the waste water with iron powder and the latter being separated off by means of a suitable device characterized in that the ionic mercury still present in the wastewater after the separation device for metallic mercury is removed with the aid of an ion exchanger.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that between the separator for metallic mercury and ion exchanger, the waste water is subjected to intermediate cleaning with the aid of activated carbon.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a macroporous synthetic resin ion exchanger is used as the ion exchanger.
It is known to recover mercury from mercury-containing wastewater, such as is produced in the production of acetaldehyde, with the help of reducing metals. However, such processes have not been able to establish themselves in technology, partly because blockages have occurred in the corresponding processing plants and partly because the mercury which has been separated off cannot readily be used to produce and use new catalysts. There was therefore a need for a method that overcomes these disadvantages.
A process has been proposed which can be carried out technically well, with the recovered mercury being obtained in a form which is easier to process. (Swiss Patent No. 625 491).
According to this process, the mercury present in the ionic state is reduced to metallic mercury by treating the waste water with iron powder and the latter is separated off by means of a suitable device. The reduction of the ionic to the metallic mercury is best carried out in a standing tank with a stirrer, preferably in a cascade of stirred tanks, while the separation of the metallic mercury is best carried out in a centrifugal separator, preferably of the plate separator type. The following results were achieved: Average waste water generation: 10 m3 / hour, amount of iron powder: 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m3 waste water.
Hg concentration in waste water: inlet: 10 to 40 ppm, average 20 ppm outlet: 1 to 4 ppm; Average 2 ppm Hg concentration of the suctioned sludge (before distillation): 2 to 5%.
The object of the present invention is to reduce the mercury content of the waste water even further. This is achieved according to the invention in that the ionic mercury which is not included in the reduction of the ionic mercury with iron is subsequently largely removed from the waste water by means of an ion exchanger.
A sand and an activated carbon filter are preferably connected between the separator for the metallic mercury and the ion exchanger. This increases the service life of the ion exchanger.
Macroporous plastic ion exchangers are particularly suitable as ion exchangers, e.g. Lewatit OC 1014, Akzo IMAC TMR, Relite MAC 3.
For the treatment of waste water in a quantity of 2-10 m3 / h, the ion exchange column is expediently operated with two filters with a layer diameter of 1 m and a layer height of 1.5 m each.
The process according to the invention makes it possible to purify the waste water to such an extent that the average mercury content of the waste water is below 1 ppm, on average 0.05-0.1 ppm, which is an efficiency of the plant of 99.5-99.75% results.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH2042/81A CH649070A5 (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1981-03-26 | Process for removing mercury from Hg-containing effluents |
| ZA821249A ZA821249B (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1982-02-25 | Process for the removal of mercury from mercury-containing waste water |
| IN245/CAL/82A IN155611B (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1982-03-03 | |
| BR8201651A BR8201651A (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1982-03-24 | PROCESS TO TAKE MECHANICAL SERVED WATER CONTAINING HG |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH2042/81A CH649070A5 (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1981-03-26 | Process for removing mercury from Hg-containing effluents |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH649070A5 true CH649070A5 (en) | 1985-04-30 |
Family
ID=4224577
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH2042/81A CH649070A5 (en) | 1981-03-26 | 1981-03-26 | Process for removing mercury from Hg-containing effluents |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR8201651A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH649070A5 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN155611B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA821249B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4012099A1 (en) * | 1990-04-14 | 1991-10-17 | Meyer Fa Rud Otto | Selective metal sepn. from aq. soln. using chelating resin - having imino-di:acetate gps. with pH control of both resin and soln. at below metal hydroxide pptn. value |
| DE4035563A1 (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-05-07 | Wilhelm Meurer | WATER TREATMENT DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TREATING WATER |
-
1981
- 1981-03-26 CH CH2042/81A patent/CH649070A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-02-25 ZA ZA821249A patent/ZA821249B/en unknown
- 1982-03-03 IN IN245/CAL/82A patent/IN155611B/en unknown
- 1982-03-24 BR BR8201651A patent/BR8201651A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4012099A1 (en) * | 1990-04-14 | 1991-10-17 | Meyer Fa Rud Otto | Selective metal sepn. from aq. soln. using chelating resin - having imino-di:acetate gps. with pH control of both resin and soln. at below metal hydroxide pptn. value |
| DE4035563A1 (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-05-07 | Wilhelm Meurer | WATER TREATMENT DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TREATING WATER |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR8201651A (en) | 1983-02-16 |
| ZA821249B (en) | 1983-01-26 |
| IN155611B (en) | 1985-02-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL | Patent ceased | ||
| PL | Patent ceased |