CH717632A2 - Finished part for sealing walls in contact with the ground. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a finished part for sealing walls in contact with the ground in connection with concrete composite seals and its use. In order to simplify the erection of such walls, the prefabricated part is characterized in that it has at least one sealing strip (4) on the inside, which is suitable or equipped for fresh concrete composite, as seen from the later finished basement, an insulating material (3) and an outer protective layer (7 ) against mechanical damage, such as a fleece, a mat, a profile sheet, or the like. Has. Such an element is fixed in the intended place, if necessary with an outer formwork (11), otherwise directly by means of the profile sheet, after the sealing (4) has been tightly connected and after the reinforcement has been produced and an inner formwork has been erected, concrete is cast behind it.

Description

The invention relates to a finished part for sealing walls in contact with the ground in connection with concrete composite seals and its use, according to the preamble of claim 1 and DE 20 2015 105 710 U.

[0002] This publication discloses a composite element with a carrier element and a fresh concrete composite film arranged thereon, which is at least partially connected to the surface of the carrier element. The carrier element can have an elastomeric bearing layer for defining the dynamic and static bearing properties of the composite element and/or an insulating layer. The area of use is, among other things, bonding to a building substrate or the sealing of components.

From DE 24 26 464 A1 it is known to use a corrugated iron construction, similar to a sheet pile wall, which can later be lined with concrete and/or insulation material on the later side of the building, and is therefore not a finished part.

It is similarly known from DE 20 2014 103 218 U to install thermal insulation in the excavation pit, with fresh concrete to be sure to seal against the ingress of water, to erect in situ is therefore also not a finished part.

[0005] The wall formwork system with insulating formwork disclosed in DE 10 2012 219 931 A1 is only assembled in the excavation pit and is therefore also not a finished part.

As a technological background, the following is to be mentioned, as far as it has to do with the invention: buildings below level are to be sealed against the ingress of moisture. In most cases, the components are thermally insulated and drainage protective mats or similar are provided on the outside; after erecting the lateral outer walls, the working space is backfilled. Sealing (which is always understood to mean moisture sealing in the following) can be carried out in different ways, for example by using water-impermeable concrete ("WU-Beton", "Weiße Wanne"), or by sealing from the outside using fillers, or using sealing sheets, usually on a bituminous basis (“black tank”). Of course, there are also mixed forms of these two measures and as a further method there is sealing with bentonite mats that are provided and attached in front of or in combination with concrete walls ("brown tub").

After the completion of the sealed walls, thermal insulation made of water-resistant XPS insulating material is usually attached to the outside of the walls. In most cases, this is glued on and mechanically protected by means of a drainage and protective layer before the excavation pit is backfilled.

In this way, a satisfactory seal and insulation is achieved in the prior art, but this requires the implementation of a wide variety of work in the area of the outside of the basement walls and thus the creation of a sufficiently large and secure work space, which even requires dewatering if the groundwater situation is appropriate makes necessary. Even if there is sufficient space, the production, securing and final backfilling of this space, which is only required temporarily, is associated with significant costs, not to mention the security problems that often arise.

[0009] In order to minimize these problems, it has been proposed for some time to use so-called Fristbeton composite seals, which consist of special plastic webs or bitumen webs. These are attached to the inside of the outer formwork before concreting, i.e. to the later outside of the concrete wall, and when the concrete is poured into the formwork, they form a firm and permanent bond with the setting concrete and thus form a highly rear-end-proof and mechanically extremely strong structure with it stable tub. After dismantling the formwork, there is no need to attach the seal to the outside of the finished concrete wall in the area of the excavation pit, so that the time in which this work space has to be kept free and secured is noticeably reduced.

However, this system still has some disadvantages. On the one hand, this method still requires the subsequent application of the thermal insulation on the outside and, on the other hand, this method requires a highly precise coordination of the individual trades, since the sequence: erecting the outer formwork wall - applying the sealing membrane - erecting the inner formwork wall - concreting - applying the outside thermal insulation and backfilling. All of these work steps must be strictly timed and carried out in quick succession, with a wide variety of parties and trades being involved.

There is therefore a need for a further simplification of the activity on the construction site in order to significantly reduce or completely avoid the problems mentioned. It is the object and aim of the invention to provide a solution for this.

According to the invention this object is achieved by the measures specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. In other words, for the sealing of the walls in the basement area, prefabricated composite components, usually referred to below as sealing sandwich elements, are used, which are inserted into (on) the formwork before the concrete is introduced. The usually prefabricated sealing sandwich elements consist of at least one (seen from the later finished basement) inner sealing membrane equipped for fresh concrete bonding, the insulating material and, preferably, an outer protective layer against mechanical damage such as a fleece, a mat or the like. If these sandwich elements are placed with the protective layer or the insulating material in contact with the outer formwork wall and are kept at the appropriate distance from the inner formwork, for example by spacers or the like, the concrete can be placed between the sealing strip of the sandwich element and the inner formwork and after the Removing the formwork from a finished basement wall without having to carry out any activities related to sealing and insulation outside the excavation pit.

The outer protective layer against mechanical damage such as a fleece, a mat or the like. Can be omitted in cases where the insulating material is mechanically so stable that a separate protective layer is not necessary.

It can be created through overhangs of the individual films, tiles, mats, etc. after the introduction of the individual elements dense connections, shiplaps are also useful here. Penetrations for formwork anchors and the like can be prepared from the inside and, after stripping, filled with the usual synthetic resins and the like without compromising the sealing and insulating properties. The combination with the bonded seal under the floor slab also allows closing the connection to the floor seal before concreting the walls on the inside of the outer wall formwork.

In one embodiment, depending on the dimensioning and design of the sealing sandwich elements, they can be used as permanent formwork, which means that the outer shell for concreting is completely eliminated. Metallic reinforcements or covers with stiffening beads etc. can be used to increase the mechanical strength.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. 1 shows a vertical section through the floor area of a basement with the outer formwork installed before further construction progress, FIG perspective view when introducing the sandwich panels, Figs. 4 and 5 details and variants and FIG. 6 shows a section through a finished basement wall according to the prior art (“black tub”).

It is first based on derFig.6der basic structure that is obtained after the initially described manufacturing process according to the prior art, are presented, starting from the bottom: In the pit indicated by the thick line, a drainage layer 1 is made of gravel or the like. Introduced on which, with or without a mat, fleece or other, a blinding layer 2, usually with reinforcement that is indicated, is concreted on. A seal (usually in the form of bitumen sheeting) 4 is applied to this blinding layer, which protrudes laterally beyond the walls to be installed later, including insulation, etc.; then insulation (thermal insulation) 3 is applied and this is followed by the (reinforced) base plate 5. The other elements inside the building are part of the later interior design and need no explanation here. As a result, the concrete wall 6 is erected by attaching an inner formwork and an outer formwork, after stripping the formwork, the foil 4 is applied to the outside and tightly connected in the lowest area to the protruding seal 4 of the base plate, then a thermal insulation 3 is usually glued on and on the outside a protective mat or drainage mat 7 is glued on or fastened in another suitable way, this is pulled outwards along the sub-base to such an extent that it also protects the protruding and connected waterproofing membranes 4. In Fig. 6, 8 indicates the later upper edge of the floor in the basement and 9 indicates the groundwater level, the existing soil extends to the drawn line 10.

As mentioned above, after removing the formwork for the concrete wall 6, both the application of the seal 4 and the thermal insulation 3 and the drainage mat 7 must be carried out in the excavation with all the disadvantages described.

The invention now proposes to proceed differently after the construction of the base plate according to FIG. Fig. 1 shows in greater detail and again from bottom to top the drainage layer 1, the blinding layer 2, the thermal insulation of the floor slab 3, an edge insulation 3', the sealing membrane 4 and the floor slab 5, in which there are reinforcing bars for the connection with the planned and drawn in for the concrete wall to be concreted later. It is essential that for the application of the sandwich elements according to the invention on the blinding layer 2, but the outline outside of the base plate 5, the foil 4 is bent upwards and in most cases the edge insulation 3 'is designed to protrude a bit above the base plate 5, up to the upper edge and a piece beyond the waterproofing membrane 4 extends. The insulating board 3 is provided with a drainage mat 7 on its outside and is ultimately held by the outer formwork 11 that has already been attached.

The further construction progress is explained with reference to FIG. 2: The first sealing sandwich element is used and supported on the outer formwork 11. Its drainage mat 7 thus comes into direct contact with the drainage mat 7 of the element that has already been installed in the area of the base plate and the sealing sheet 4 of the sandwich element overlaps with the sealing sheet 4 under the base plate, which is bent and bent along the base plate, as explained with reference to Fig. 1 pulled up vertically. These foils are now tightly connected to each other and after the introduction of all the sandwich elements, the reinforcement 13 is erected and after the attachment of the inner formwork (not shown), the concrete wall 6 is poured.

The Figure 3 shows, purely schematically, the procedure. A first sandwich element 14 is already leaning against the outer formwork 11 or is in contact with it and is thus inserted in a geometrically appropriate manner; another sandwich element 14' is just being inserted. The vertical and possibly also the horizontal edges (actually narrow surfaces) are stepped and thus enable a geometrically precise structure, increase the mechanical rigidity and resistance and lengthen any joints, which further improves thermal and diffusion properties. In the case of the sandwich element 14', an upper overhang 15 of the film 4, which is firmly connected to the insulation, can be seen. This overhang is used for a further connection, if desired and necessary. In the bottom area of the depiction in FIG. 3, the turned-over film 4 can be clearly seen in dots under the bottom plate and inside the attached first base element.

[0022] DieFig.4 shows a sandwich element 14 according to the invention purely schematically in section. Along a horizontal plane in the installation-correct sense of orientation: on the later inner side, the film 4 with a corresponding overhang is attached at least on one side to the insulation 3, which carries the drainage mat 7 on the other, later outer side, which also has an overhang on at least one side . The two later vertical edges (actually narrow surfaces) are designed as a stepped fold 16 and thus improve the assembly accuracy and strength, as explained in more detail above. The grading of the fold 16 can also be designed differently, for example in the manner of tongue and groove, but due to the rough operation on site, care must be taken not to provide filigree shapes.

[0023] DieFig.5 shows a sandwich element 18 according to the invention, which in principle has the same structure as the sandwich element 14, but has no drainage mat on its subsequent outside, but instead has a drainage profile 17 . This drainage profile is preferably made of sheet metal, for example stainless steel or aluminum sheet metal, and is preferably perforated at least in areas where it is not in contact with the material 3 . In the voids between the insulation material and the protruding areas it can be filled with profile filling 19 made of XPS foam (extruded polystyrene) or other water-resistant foam to prevent soil etc. from penetrating. By providing the profile 17, the sandwich element 18 can be made mechanically so stable that it is possible to dispense with the outer formwork when constructing the outer wall and to use the sandwich element 18 as permanent formwork.

For the seal 4, commercially available sealing membranes equipped for fresh concrete composite are to be used, conventional materials can be used for the drainage mat 7 and the thermal insulation 3, these are known to the person skilled in the art, together with their mechanical, thermal and hydraulic properties, and he can be aware of them the invention and the field of application easily make his choice. The connection between the insulating material 3 and the two cover materials is preferably effected by gluing using a suitable adhesive, for example based on polyurethane, or by foaming the insulating layer between the two outer layers.

Reference list:

1 Drainage 2 sub-base 3 (heat) insulation 3' (heat) insulation along the lateral edges of the floor slab 4 Sealing, waterproofing membrane, foil 5 floor slab 6 concrete wall 7 protective layer, drainage mat 8 FOK 9 groundwater level 10 soil 11 outer formwork 12 empty 13 Reinforcement 14 Finished part: Sealing sandwich element 15 Overhang 16 Stepped fold 17 Drainage profile, profile sheet 18 Finished part: Sealing sandwich element, variant 19 Profile filling

Claims (9)

1. Precast part for sealing walls in contact with the ground in connection with concrete composite seals, characterized in that the precast part (14, 18), viewed from the later finished basement, has at least one inner fresh concrete composite sealing sheet (4), a Layer of insulating material (3) and, preferably, a protective layer (7) on the outside against mechanical damage, such as a fleece, a mat or the like. 2. Finished part according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing sheet (4) is a bitumen sheet or foil. 3. Finished part according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the insulating material (3) is extruded polystyrene, in particular XPS foam, or another water-resistant foam or insulating material. 4. Finished part according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer protective layer (7) is a drainage mat or a drainage profile (17). 5. Prefabricated part according to Claim 4, characterized in that the empty spaces between the drainage profile (17) and the insulating material (3) are at least partially filled with a profile filling (19), the profile filling being made in particular of extruded polystyrene, particularly preferably of XPS foam , or another water-resistant foam or insulating material. 6. Finished part according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its two later vertical edges, actually narrow surfaces, are designed as a stepped fold (16). 7. Finished part according to claim 6, characterized in that the gradation of the fold (16) is designed in the manner of tongue and groove. 8. Use of a finished part (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it - Is placed on thermal insulation (3') in the floor area and on a sealing sheet (4) which is pulled up and folded over and which is arranged underneath a floor panel (5) and is fastened to the outer formwork (11); whereby - The seal (4) of the finished part comes into direct contact with the raised seal (4) of the bottom area in contact that then - The sealing membranes of the floor slab and the prefabricated part are tightly connected to each other, that subsequently - A reinforcement (13) from the bottom plate (5) is built out that then - an inner formwork is erected, and that finally – Concrete is poured in. 9. Use of a finished part (18) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it - Is placed on thermal insulation (3 ') in the floor area and on a sealing sheet (4) pulled up and folded over it, which is arranged below a floor slab (5) and fixed without external formwork using the drainage profile (17); whereby - The seal (4) of the finished part comes into direct contact with the raised seal (4) of the bottom area in contact that then - The sealing membranes of the floor slab and the prefabricated part are tightly connected to each other, that subsequently - A reinforcement (13) from the bottom plate (5) is built out that then - an inner formwork is erected, and that finally – Concrete is poured in.