CN100376331C - Oxyacetylene flame gun made from bar sticks of ceramics and control method - Google Patents

Oxyacetylene flame gun made from bar sticks of ceramics and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100376331C
CN100376331C CNB2004100166323A CN200410016632A CN100376331C CN 100376331 C CN100376331 C CN 100376331C CN B2004100166323 A CNB2004100166323 A CN B2004100166323A CN 200410016632 A CN200410016632 A CN 200410016632A CN 100376331 C CN100376331 C CN 100376331C
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Prior art keywords
nozzle
oxygen
acetylene
air
groove
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2004100166323A
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CN1660505A (en
Inventor
张关宝
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Shanghai Dahao Nano-material Thermal Spraying Co., Ltd.
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RUIFAN SPRAYING MACHINERY CO Ltd SHANGHAI
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Abstract

The present invention relates to an oxygen and acetylene flame spray gun made from ceramic bar sticks and a control method. Oxygen and acetylene gas are directly mixed in a nozzle and ignited to form high temperature flames; the sticks enter a flame burning zone at certain speed so that ends are melted; a blast of compressed air flow is ejected from an annular space between the nozzle and an air cap; molten drops which are melted are continuously atomized to particles and compressed via the air cap to be sprayed to an operating surface at very high speed so as to form a coating layer. The present invention not only has the advantages of plasma spraying with good coating layer quality, high binding strength, low space rate, high coating layer hardness, etc. but also has the advantages of oxygen and acetylene flame powder spraying with low cost, convenient operation, etc.

Description

Ceramic bar oxygen, acetylene torch spray gun device and control method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hot-spraying technique preparation field, relate in particular to a kind of ceramic bar oxygen, acetylene torch spray gun device and control method thereof.
Background technology
The ceramic bar flame gun, main sprayed on material is that alloy and ceramic-like materials physical dimension are 6 * 600 millimeters bars of φ, thermal source adopts oxygen, acetylene torch.
The popular feature of ceramic material is the fusing point height, hardness height, characteristics such as chemical stability is good, and heat conduction and electric conductivity are low, and fragility is big; Adopt plasma spray technology spraying ceramic coat on metallic matrix, utilize the advantage separately of metal material and ceramic material to make composite products.
Adopt hot-spraying technique to prepare ceramic coating at present two kinds of methods are arranged: a kind of is oxygen, the spraying of acetylene torch powder, and another kind is the plasma powder spraying.
Oxygen, the spraying of acetylene torch powder, its flame temperature lower (about 3000 ℃), powder relies on flame combustion speed to drive powder particle and deposits to surface of the work formation coating in certain grade scope.Because jet velocity is low, and powder particle time of stopping flame region can't accurately control and can not make each powder particle obtain abundant fusion, make when being ejected into workpiece the particle plastic deformation ability poor, cause the intensity of coating own than the low-porosity height, therefore the application of oxygen, the spraying of acetylene torch powder is subjected to certain restriction, wear resistant applications can not be applied to, high temperature and insulation occasion can only be applied to.And plasma spraying is characterized in high temperature, its properties of coating is better at a high speed, and therefore the preparation ceramic coating still is painted with the master with plasma spray at present.Next running cost is also higher but plasma spraying equipment costs an arm and a leg, and electrical power is more than 50 kilowatts, and heat utilization efficiency is lower, and execute-in-place is difficulty, therefore applies being subjected to certain limitation too.
Summary of the invention
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention have provided a kind of ceramic bar oxygen, acetylene torch spray gun device and control method thereof, the coating quality that makes it both to possess plasma spraying is good, bond strength is high, voidage is low, the coating hardness advantages of higher, again " cheapness " of aerobic, the spraying of acetylene torch powder, advantage such as easy to operate;
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Ceramic bar oxygen of the present invention, acetylene torch spray gun device comprise burning atomized spray unit, the control of cam-type main valve oxygen, acetylene gas and compressed-air actuated distribution and sequential control unit, the accurate control module of delivery speed; Described burning atomized spray unit comprises that air cap, sleeve pipe, nozzle, nozzle fire hole, acetylene groove, gas distributary base, nozzle are penetrated and inhales hole, oxygen groove, sealing ring, air cap seat, the total head of gas, dummy pipe bolt; Described nozzle directly upwards has oxygen groove and acetylene groove; Between oxygen groove and acetylene groove, there are three sealing rings to separate, nozzle fire hole uniform several holes and form certain angle on its end face circumference with axis; Nozzle fire hole extension is that nozzle is penetrated the suction hole, it is through between oxygen groove and the acetylene groove, the air cap large end face has and makes compressed air enter many air drains in the tapered annular space of air drain between nozzle and air cap, air cap and nozzle with being threadedly connected to one, are connected in the total head of gas by the dummy pipe bolt by air cap seat and gas distributary base again; Described cam-type main valve control oxygen, acetylene gas and compressed-air actuated distribution and sequential control unit comprise wrench, cam valve rod, valve rod shell, acetylene top, oxygen top, air top, sealing epithelium; The cam valve rod is installed in the valve rod shell, have the groove of the different angles and the depth at the periphery of cam valve rod, three tops are installed above the respective slot: oxygen top, acetylene top, air top, the sealing epithelium is installed respectively above the top, sealing epithelium plane exceeds valve rod shell plane; The valve rod shell is connected on the total head of gas by 4 screws; The accurate control module of described delivery speed comprises reference voltage, computing amplification, sample circuit, voltage adjustment, circuit overcurrent protection;
Control method of the present invention realizes by following steps:
Oxygen, acetylene, compressed air are connected the mixing head rear end by flexible pipe respectively;
Size by three kinds of gas flows of cam-type valve rod control and successively arriving separately in the annular groove;
Oxygen enters nozzle and penetrates and enter the nozzle fire hole after inhaling the hole, forms negative pressuren zone this moment and be inhaled into the nozzle fire hole and mix with oxygen in the acetylene annular groove;
Compressed air enters between nozzle and the air cap in the annular space, sprays from the air cap mouth by the combustion chamber;
Bar constantly enters high temperature combustors, makes atomized particles deposit to surface of the work and forms coating;
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: but the compact conformation execute-in-place;
Particle flying speed height, impact kinetic energy height, sprayed coating bond strength height, porosity is low, coating is fine and close; With chromium oxide (Cr 2O 3) be lower than 4% for example anchoring strength of coating 25-30Mpa porosity.
The coating hardness height, wearability is good.With chromium oxide is example hardness HRA75-80;
Satisfied with oxygen, acetylene torch spray high-melting-point ceramic material; With the wire drawing dish is that its abrasion property of example can be better than plasma-coated, therefore has the very high ratio of performance to price, can be widely used in fields such as wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant, insulation, with producing huge economic benefit and social benefit, in all trades and professions, has wide application prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 (a), 2 (b), 2 (c) are the distribution and the sequential control cell schematics of cam-type main valve three kinds of gases of control of the present invention (oxygen, acetylene gas and compressed air);
Fig. 3 is the accurate control module schematic diagram of delivery speed of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention;
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:
As seen from Figure 1: ceramic bar oxygen of the present invention, acetylene torch spray gun device comprise burning atomized spray unit, the control of cam-type main valve oxygen, acetylene gas and compressed-air actuated distribution and sequential control unit, the accurate control module of delivery speed; Described burning atomized spray unit comprises that air cap 1, sleeve pipe 2, nozzle 3, nozzle fire hole 4, acetylene groove 5, gas distributary base 6, nozzle are penetrated and inhales hole 7, oxygen groove 8, sealing ring 9, air cap seat 10, total 11 of gas, dummy pipe bolt 12; Described nozzle 3 footpaths upwards have oxygen groove 8 and acetylene groove 5; Between oxygen groove 8 and acetylene groove 5, there are three sealing rings 9 to separate, nozzle fire hole 4 uniform several holes and form certain angle on its end face circumference with axis; Nozzle fire hole 4 extensions are that nozzle is penetrated suction hole 7, it is through between oxygen groove 8 and the acetylene groove 5, air cap 1 large end face has and makes compressed air enter many air drains in the tapered annular space of air drain between nozzle and air cap, air cap 1 and nozzle 3 are threadedly connected to one by air cap seat 10 and gas distributary base 6 usefulness, are connected in gas total 11 by dummy pipe bolt 12 again;
Described nozzle fire hole 4 uniform several holes on its end face circumference is 12 holes;
The pass of distance is distance=1.5-2* aperture between described air cap 1 aperture and nozzle 3 end faces;
Penetrating in the described nozzle 3 inhaled the aperture and equaled 50% nozzle fire hole diameter;
Cone angle equals 80% nozzle spark angle in the described air cap 1;
The gap is between the 0.10-0.15 millimeter between described nozzle casing 2 and the bar;
By Fig. 2 (a), 2 (b), 2 (c) are as seen: described cam-type main valve control oxygen, acetylene gas and compressed-air actuated distribution and sequential control unit comprise wrench 13, cam valve rod 14, valve rod shell 19, acetylene top 15, oxygen top 16, air top 17, sealing epithelium 18; Cam valve rod 14 is installed in the valve rod shell 19, have the groove of the different angles and the depth at the periphery of cam valve rod 14, three tops are installed: oxygen top, acetylene top, air top above the respective slot:, sealing epithelium 18 is installed respectively above the top, sealing epithelium 18 planes exceed valve rod shell 19 planes, and valve rod shell 19 is connected on the total head of gas by 4 screws;
It is 0.3 millimeter that described sealing epithelium 18 planes exceed valve rod shell 19 planes;
Make three road gases independent separately, keep sealing mutually not gas blowby; According to the groove that has the different angles and the depth on the valve rod circumference, when wrench during in the anglec of rotation, the top is along with groove angle difference has then been controlled the order that the top successively sinks, and three road gas flows what groove depth difference then controls.Three tops are upwards withstood epithelium rapidly by backward when spanner cuts out, and three road gas are closed immediately, stop to spray.Guarantee the normal sequence igniting, flame forms, and atomized particles forms shower of sparks, accomplishs without any letup;
As seen from Figure 3: the accurate control module of described delivery speed comprises reference voltage 20, computing amplification 21, sample circuit 23, voltage adjustment 24, circuit overcurrent protection 22; The variation that the output of being taken on the basis of specified rate produces a reduction-Δ V, sample circuit with this-variable quantity of Δ V is delivered in the comparison amplifier and reference voltage compares and enlarges, then amplifying signal is delivered to and adjusted pipe, make the base stage of adjusting pipe inject electric current and increase Δ Ib, at this moment adjust the collection of pipe---emitter-base bandgap grading reduces by a Δ Vee, and output voltage is increased; As the variation that produces a recruitment+Δ V when output, then output voltage reduces, thereby reaches the purpose of stable output;
The reference voltage of circuit is that stable-pressure device of having temperature-compensating from accessory power supply etc. obtains, and helps improving the stability of reference voltage like this;
Control method of the present invention realizes by following steps:
Oxygen, acetylene, compressed air are connected the mixing head rear end by flexible pipe respectively;
Size by three kinds of gas flows of cam-type valve rod control and successively arriving separately in the annular groove;
Oxygen enters nozzle and penetrates and enter the nozzle fire hole after inhaling the hole, forms negative pressuren zone this moment and be inhaled into the nozzle fire hole and mix with oxygen in the acetylene annular groove;
Compressed air enters between nozzle and the air cap in the annular space, sprays from the air cap mouth by the combustion chamber;
Bar constantly enters high temperature combustors, makes atomized particles deposit to surface of the work and forms coating;
Wherein step " oxygen enters nozzle and penetrates and enter the nozzle fire hole after inhaling the hole, in the acetylene annular groove, form this moment negative pressuren zone be inhaled into the nozzle fire hole mix with oxygen " in: oxygen pressure 0.4-0.5Mpa, just meter readings 2.1-2.3; Acetylene pressure 0.12-0.13Mpa, just meter readings 1.3-1.4;
Step " compressed air enters between nozzle and the air cap in the annular space, by the combustion chamber from the ejection of air cap mouth ": compressed air pressure 5-6Mpa, just flow: 1.8-2m 3/ s;
Step " bar constantly enters high temperature combustors, make atomized particles deposit to surface of the work form coating " in: stick supplying motor voltage 10-12V.
Below operation principle of the present invention is described as follows:
As seen from Figure 4: whole ceramic bar flame gun made is made up of spray gun and bar feeding speed regulating control; Spray gun is by combustion atomization device, cam-type main valve, motor and mechanical reduction gear, compositions such as handle.Oxygen, acetylene gas compressed air insert air respectively and take over (oxygen is taken over and acetylene gas is taken over about air is taken over); Oxygen operating pressure 0.4-0.5Mpa; Acetylene operating pressure 0.12-0.13Mpa; Pneumatically operated pressure 5-6Mpa.Three kinds of gases enter the cam-type main valve respectively then; When spanner during at 0 °, because being in the extreme higher position, the cam valve rod rely on three tops to withstand three epitheliums, it is closed condition that the no gas of the total head of gas this moment is exported this, when spanner changes 90 ° (ignition location) this moment the oxygen top and air come directly towards and still be in the extreme higher position, still peg epithelium.Have only acetylene top trace to fall into the stem groove acetylene gas and under certain pressure, blow epithelium open, make the epithelium slightly concave, acetylene gas enters in the acetylene groove 5 of nozzle 3 by total 11 of gas and gas distributary base 6 from the spill gap, enters then in the fire hole 4 of nozzle to light a fire.Three tops all sink to the stem groove extreme lower position when spanner forwards 180 ° to, blow separately that epithelium makes the epithelium concavity open, make three kinds of gases enter position separately from passage separately.Oxygen enters and enters 12 behind the nozzle oxygen groove 8 and penetrate and inhale hole 7 under the effect of high speed oxygen flow, acetylene groove 5 produces negative pressuren zone, sucking acetylene gas, to make oxygen and acetylene gas be mixed in nozzle fire hole diameter in 12 fire holes 4 of nozzle be 2 times of nozzle inside diameter, compressed air enters in the taper annular space that enters again in the air drain of gas distributary base 6 between nozzle 3 and the air cap 1, form flame and produce the heat melts ceramic rod this moment, form molten drop in the termination and become atomized particles by compressed air participation atomizing fusing point again, under the effect of air cap, form shower of sparks at a high speed.Bar constantly enters high temperature combustion zone with the voltage stabilizing speed governing with certain speed by deceleration device by motor, constantly is fused into molten drop, constantly is atomized into particulate.So just form steady and continuous shower of sparks constantly, constantly particulate is piled up and is reached the certain thickness sprayed coating.Form the continuous shower of sparks of steady and continuous and must between each parameter a well coupling be arranged.Cone angle equals 80% nozzle fire hole angle in the air cap; Nozzle face equals 1.5-2 air cap aperture doubly to the distance of air cap exit end face.

Claims (4)

1. a ceramic bar oxygen, acetylene torch spray gun device comprise burning atomized spray unit, the control of cam-type main valve oxygen, acetylene gas and compressed-air actuated distribution and sequential control unit, the accurate control module of delivery speed; It is characterized in that: described burning atomized spray unit comprises that air cap (1), sleeve pipe (2), nozzle (3), nozzle fire hole (4), acetylene groove (5), gas distributary base (6), nozzle are penetrated and inhales hole (7), oxygen groove (8), sealing ring (9), air cap seat (10), the total head of gas (11), dummy pipe bolt (12); Described nozzle (3) footpath upwards has oxygen groove (8) and acetylene groove (5); Between oxygen groove (8) and acetylene groove (5), there are three sealing rings (9) to separate, nozzle fire hole (4) uniform several holes and form certain angle on its end face circumference with axis; Nozzle fire hole (4) extension is that nozzle is penetrated suction hole (7), it is through between oxygen groove (8) and the acetylene groove (5), air cap (1) large end face has and makes compressed air enter many air drains in the tapered annular space of air drain between nozzle and air cap, air cap (1) and nozzle (3) with being threadedly connected to one, are connected in the total head of gas (11) by dummy pipe bolt (12) by air cap seat (10) and gas distributary base (6) again; Described cam-type main valve control oxygen, acetylene gas and compressed-air actuated distribution and sequential control unit comprise wrench (13), cam valve rod (14), valve rod shell (19), acetylene top (15), oxygen top (16), air top (17), sealing epithelium (18); Cam valve rod (14) is installed in the valve rod shell (19), have the groove of the different angles and the depth at the periphery of cam valve rod (14), three tops are installed: oxygen top, acetylene top, air top above the respective slot, sealing epithelium (18) is installed respectively above the top, sealing epithelium (18) plane exceeds valve rod shell (19) plane, and valve rod shell (19) is connected on the total head of gas by 4 screws; The accurate control module of described delivery speed comprises reference voltage (20), computing amplification (21), sample circuit (23), voltage adjustment (24), circuit overcurrent protection (22).
2. ceramic bar oxygen according to claim 1, acetylene torch spray gun device is characterized in that: described nozzle fire hole (4) uniform several holes on its end face circumference is (12) individual hole;
The pass of distance is distance=1.5-2 between described air cap (1) aperture and nozzle (3) end face *The aperture;
Penetrating in the described nozzle (3) inhaled the aperture and equaled 50% nozzle fire hole diameter;
The interior cone angle of described air cap (1) equals 80% nozzle spark angle;
The gap is between the 0.10-0.15 millimeter between described nozzle casing (2) and the bar;
It is 0.3 millimeter that described sealing epithelium (18) plane exceeds valve rod shell (19) plane.
3. control method as claimed in claim 1 for one kind: realize by following steps:
Oxygen, acetylene, compressed air are connected the mixing head rear end by flexible pipe respectively;
Size by three kinds of gas flows of cam-type valve rod control and successively arriving separately in the annular groove;
Oxygen enters nozzle and penetrates and enter the nozzle fire hole after inhaling the hole, forms negative pressuren zone this moment and be inhaled into the nozzle fire hole and mix with oxygen in the acetylene annular groove;
Compressed air enters between nozzle and the air cap in the annular space, sprays from the air cap mouth by the combustion chamber;
Bar constantly enters high temperature combustors, makes atomized particles deposit to surface of the work and forms coating.
4. control method according to claim 3:
Wherein in the step " oxygen enters nozzle and penetrates and enter the nozzle fire hole after inhaling the hole, forms negative pressuren zone this moment and be inhaled into the nozzle fire hole and mix with oxygen in the acetylene annular groove ": oxygen pressure 0.4-0.5Mpa, just meter readings 2.1-2.3; Acetylene pressure 0.12-0.13Mpa, just meter readings 1.3-1.4;
The step " compressed air enters between nozzle and the air cap in the annular space, by the combustion chamber from the ejection of air cap mouth ": compressed air pressure 5-6Mpa, just flow: 1.8-2m 3/ s;
In the step " bar constantly enters high temperature combustors, makes atomized particles deposit to surface of the work and forms coating ": stick supplying motor voltage 10-12V.
CNB2004100166323A 2004-02-27 2004-02-27 Oxyacetylene flame gun made from bar sticks of ceramics and control method Expired - Fee Related CN100376331C (en)

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CA2821094C (en) * 2012-09-19 2020-10-27 Sulzer Metco Ag Thermal coating of a component stack and of component stacks
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CN106756730A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-31 江苏鑫信润科技有限公司 Spray tip
CN107321517A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-07 安徽大地环保科技有限公司 A kind of powder type pipeline coating apparatus
CN108004415B (en) * 2017-12-08 2019-05-17 昆明冶金研究院 A kind of electron-beam smelting furnace wall easy to clean metal coating and its spraying method and device
EP3816320A1 (en) * 2019-10-29 2021-05-05 Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation High velocity oxy air fuel thermal spray apparatus
CN112226585A (en) * 2020-09-17 2021-01-15 孙红秀 Steel rail welding seam heating device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579282A (en) * 1981-12-28 1986-04-01 Stani Vyzkumny Ustav Ochrany Materialu G.V. Akimova Gas burner for wire fed metal-spraying pistol
CN2091183U (en) * 1991-03-07 1991-12-25 北京工业大学 Metal wire flame plating gun
JPH05184981A (en) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-27 Nippon Teion Youshiya Kk Flame spray apparatus
CN1078412A (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-11-17 帕金·埃尔默有限公司 Wire thermic lance and method
US5449118A (en) * 1994-06-14 1995-09-12 Baker; Edgar C. Apparatus for controlling the rate of feeding of a rod of heat fusible material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579282A (en) * 1981-12-28 1986-04-01 Stani Vyzkumny Ustav Ochrany Materialu G.V. Akimova Gas burner for wire fed metal-spraying pistol
CN2091183U (en) * 1991-03-07 1991-12-25 北京工业大学 Metal wire flame plating gun
CN1078412A (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-11-17 帕金·埃尔默有限公司 Wire thermic lance and method
JPH05184981A (en) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-27 Nippon Teion Youshiya Kk Flame spray apparatus
US5449118A (en) * 1994-06-14 1995-09-12 Baker; Edgar C. Apparatus for controlling the rate of feeding of a rod of heat fusible material

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