CN100383473C - Solar energy auxiliary drive cooling and heating cogeneration device - Google Patents
Solar energy auxiliary drive cooling and heating cogeneration device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种太阳能辅助驱动冷热联产装置，属于能源技术领域。本发明包括：太阳能集热器、水箱、气液热交换器、自然对流风冷式冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器和增压泵。太阳能集热器出口与气液热交换器的进口相连接，气液热交换器设置在水箱中，气液热交换器的出口与自然对流气冷式冷凝器的进口相连接，自然对流气冷式冷凝器的出口与膨胀阀的进口相连接，膨胀阀的出口与蒸发器的进口相连接，蒸发器的出口与增压泵的进口相连接，增压泵的出口与太阳能集热器的进口相连接，太阳能集热器的进口与出口相连接，如此组成一个封闭的冷热联产系统。本发明中只有增压泵需要消耗少量的电能，而装置能同时产出热水与制冷效果，最大限度的节约了能源。
The utility model relates to a solar energy auxiliary driving cooling and heating cogeneration device, which belongs to the field of energy technology. The invention includes: a solar heat collector, a water tank, a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a natural convection air-cooled condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator and a booster pump. The outlet of the solar collector is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger, which is installed in the water tank, and the outlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser, and the natural convection air-cooled The outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the expansion valve, the outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the booster pump, and the outlet of the booster pump is connected to the inlet of the solar collector Connected, the inlet and outlet of the solar collector are connected, thus forming a closed cooling and heating cogeneration system. In the present invention, only the booster pump needs to consume a small amount of electric energy, while the device can produce hot water and cooling effect at the same time, saving energy to the greatest extent.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及的是一种能源技术领域的装置，特别一种太阳能辅助驱动冷热联产装置。The invention relates to a device in the field of energy technology, in particular to a solar-assisted cooling and heating cogeneration device.
背景技术 Background technique
现有的家用制冷装置基本都采用传统的蒸汽压缩制冷系统，压缩机由电能驱动，低压气态制冷剂由压缩机压缩成高压的过热蒸汽后进入冷凝器冷凝成高压液态制冷剂，再经过膨胀阀节流后进入蒸发器蒸发吸热，从而完成一个循环，制冷系统动力完全来自于电机，这种传统的电机驱动的蒸汽压缩制冷系统消耗的电能较多，尤其在大中城市，每到夏天的用电高峰时期，制冷装置的高耗电量成为电力供应紧张的最直接原因，而夏天是日照最充足的时候，正是利用太阳能的好时机。使用该装置能在降低制冷装置的能耗同时实现冷热联产，为家庭提供生活热水以及调节室内温度和存储食品所需的冷量，对于能源日渐紧张的当今社会来说意义重大。The existing household refrigeration devices basically adopt the traditional vapor compression refrigeration system. The compressor is driven by electric energy. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed into high-pressure superheated steam by the compressor, and then enters the condenser to condense into high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then passes through the expansion valve. After throttling, it enters the evaporator to evaporate and absorb heat, thus completing a cycle. The power of the refrigeration system comes entirely from the motor. This traditional motor-driven vapor compression refrigeration system consumes a lot of electricity, especially in large and medium cities. During the peak period of electricity consumption, the high power consumption of refrigeration equipment becomes the most direct cause of the shortage of power supply, and summer is the time when the sun is the most abundant, which is a good time to use solar energy. Using this device can reduce the energy consumption of the refrigeration device while realizing the cogeneration of cooling and heating, providing domestic hot water for the family, adjusting the indoor temperature and cooling capacity required for food storage, which is of great significance to today's society where energy is increasingly tight.
经对现有技术的文献检索发现，专利申请号为200420019167.4的中国发明专利中提出了一种家用太阳能中央空调，该装置利用了吸附式制冷的原理，将吸附床作为“热化学压缩机”，加上冷凝器、蒸发器和毛细节流阀组成一个制冷系统。在该装置中由吸附床交替的吸收、解吸驱动制冷剂在系统内完成一个制冷循环，从而达到产生制冷效果的目的。但从目前的技术水平来看，由于吸附式制冷本身存在效率较低及吸附床的稳定性问题，吸附式制冷离实际应用还有一段距离，同时该专利中提出的“太阳能中央空调”结构过于复杂，对于成本控制以及稳定运行不利。After searching the literature of the prior art, it was found that the Chinese invention patent with the patent application number of 200420019167.4 proposed a household solar central air conditioner. This device utilizes the principle of adsorption refrigeration and uses the adsorption bed as a "thermochemical compressor". Combined with condenser, evaporator and capillary flow valve to form a refrigeration system. In this device, the adsorption bed alternately absorbs and desorbs to drive the refrigerant to complete a refrigeration cycle in the system, so as to achieve the purpose of generating refrigeration effect. However, judging from the current technical level, due to the low efficiency of the adsorption refrigeration itself and the stability of the adsorption bed, the adsorption refrigeration is still far from practical application, and the "solar central air-conditioning" structure proposed in the patent is too Complicated and unfavorable for cost control and stable operation.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术的缺陷和不足，本发明设计了一种太阳能辅助驱动冷热联产装置。本发明中，使用增压泵驱动制冷剂在系统内运行，太阳能集热器则用于产生高温高压的制冷剂蒸汽，整个装置结构简单、成本较低、运行稳定。In order to overcome the defects and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention designs a solar energy-assisted cooling and heating cogeneration device. In the present invention, a booster pump is used to drive the refrigerant to run in the system, and the solar heat collector is used to generate high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor. The whole device has simple structure, low cost and stable operation.
本发明是通过下述技术方案实现的，本发明包括增压泵、太阳能集热器、气液热交换器、保温水箱、自然对流风冷式冷凝器、膨胀阀和蒸发器。The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions, and the present invention includes a booster pump, a solar heat collector, a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a thermal insulation water tank, a natural convection air-cooled condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator.
太阳能集热器出口与气液热交换器的进口相连接，气液热交换器设置在水箱中，气液热交换器的出口与自然对流气冷式冷凝器的进口相连接，自然对流气冷式冷凝器的出口与膨胀阀的进口相连接，膨胀阀的出口与蒸发器的进口相连接，蒸发器的出口与增压泵的进口相连接，增压泵的出口与太阳能集热器的进口相连接，而太阳能集热器内部具有铜管将太阳能集热器的进口与出口相连接，如此组成一个封闭的冷热联产系统，系统内充注制冷剂，制冷剂可以在系统内部循环。The outlet of the solar collector is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger, which is installed in the water tank, and the outlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser, and the natural convection air-cooled The outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the expansion valve, the outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the booster pump, and the outlet of the booster pump is connected to the inlet of the solar collector There are copper tubes inside the solar collector to connect the inlet and outlet of the solar collector, thus forming a closed cooling and heating cogeneration system, the system is filled with refrigerant, and the refrigerant can circulate inside the system.
本发明启动后，增压泵抽吸蒸发器内的制冷剂蒸汽，将已具有一定压力的制冷剂蒸汽送入太阳能集热器内；太阳能集热器吸收太阳能加热制冷剂蒸汽，使制冷剂蒸汽的压力与温度进一步提高，产生高温高压的过热制冷剂蒸汽；在高压的驱动下，过热蒸汽进入保温水箱内的气液热交换器，高温高压的过热蒸汽将热量传递给水箱内的水，同时过热蒸汽被冷凝成高压中温的制冷剂湿蒸汽；随后中温制冷剂湿蒸汽进入自然对流风冷式冷凝器，被空气冷却成常温高压制冷剂液体；制冷剂液体经过膨胀阀被节流成气液两相的低温制冷剂湿蒸汽；在蒸发器中，低温的制冷剂湿蒸汽吸收显热与大量的气化潜热，产生制冷效果。After the invention is started, the booster pump sucks the refrigerant vapor in the evaporator, and sends the refrigerant vapor with a certain pressure into the solar heat collector; the solar heat collector absorbs solar energy to heat the refrigerant vapor, so that the refrigerant vapor The pressure and temperature are further increased to generate high-temperature and high-pressure superheated refrigerant steam; driven by high pressure, the superheated steam enters the gas-liquid heat exchanger in the thermal insulation water tank, and the high-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam transfers heat to the water in the water tank, and at the same time The superheated steam is condensed into high-pressure and medium-temperature refrigerant wet steam; then the medium-temperature refrigerant wet steam enters the natural convection air-cooled condenser and is cooled by air to become a normal temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid; the refrigerant liquid is throttled into gas-liquid through the expansion valve Two-phase low-temperature refrigerant wet vapor; in the evaporator, the low-temperature refrigerant wet vapor absorbs sensible heat and a large amount of latent heat of vaporization to produce a cooling effect.
本发明的有益效果是，太阳能辅助驱动冷热联产装置的部件中，只有增压泵需要消耗少量的电能，而装置能同时产出热水与制冷效果，最大限度的节约了能源。具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。The beneficial effect of the invention is that among the components of the solar-assisted cooling and heating cogeneration device, only the booster pump needs to consume a small amount of electric energy, while the device can produce hot water and cooling effect at the same time, saving energy to the greatest extent. It has significant economic and social benefits.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明结构示意图Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
图2为本发明循环热力图Fig. 2 is cycle thermodynamic diagram of the present invention
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
如图1所示，本发明包括：太阳能集热器1、水箱2、气液热交换器3、自然对流风冷式冷凝器4、膨胀阀5、蒸发器6和增压泵7。上述部件通管道连接，组成太阳能辅助驱动冷热联产装置系统。太阳能集热器1一般设置在屋顶，其出口通过管道与气液热交换器3的进口相连接；气液热交换器3设置在水箱2中；气液热交换器3的出口通过管道与自然对流气冷式冷凝器4的进口相连接；自然对流气冷式冷凝器4的出口通过管道与膨胀阀5的进口相连接；膨胀阀5的出口通过管道与蒸发器6的进口相连接，蒸发器6的出口通过管道与增压泵7的进口相连接，增压泵7的出口通过管道与太阳能集热器1的进口相连接，如此组成一个封闭的冷热联产系统，使制冷剂可以在系统内部循环。As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention includes: a solar collector 1 , a water tank 2 , a gas-liquid heat exchanger 3 , a natural convection air-cooled condenser 4 , an expansion valve 5 , an evaporator 6 and a booster pump 7 . The above-mentioned components are connected through pipelines to form a solar-assisted cooling and heating cogeneration device system. The solar collector 1 is generally arranged on the roof, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline; the gas-liquid heat exchanger 3 is arranged in the water tank 2; the outlet of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 3 is connected to the natural The inlet of the convection air-cooled condenser 4 is connected; the outlet of the natural convection air-cooled condenser 4 is connected with the inlet of the expansion valve 5 through a pipeline; the outlet of the expansion valve 5 is connected with the inlet of the evaporator 6 through a pipeline, and the evaporation The outlet of the device 6 is connected to the inlet of the booster pump 7 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the booster pump 7 is connected to the inlet of the solar collector 1 through a pipeline, thus forming a closed cooling and heating cogeneration system, so that the refrigerant can cycle through the system.
如图2所示，为本发明循环热力图。当日照充足时装置启动，在增压泵7的驱动下，压力值为低压P2制冷剂蒸汽从蒸发器6中被抽吸出来，并获得一定的焓增和压力增；随后制冷剂蒸汽进入太阳能集热器1内部的管道中，由于太阳能集热器1吸收了大量的太阳能，其内部温度值较高，制冷剂蒸汽在管道内的流动过程中不断的吸收热量，制冷剂蒸汽的焓值与压力值迅速提高至h1及P1，达到太阳能辅助驱动的效果；从太阳能集热器1中流出的高温高压的制冷剂蒸汽进入水箱2内的气液热交换器3中，高温高压的过热制冷剂蒸汽将热量传递给水箱2内的水产出热水，同时高温高压的过热蒸汽被冷凝成高压中温的制冷剂湿蒸汽，焓值降为h3；随后中温的制冷剂湿蒸汽进入自然对流风冷式冷凝器4，被空气冷却成常温高压制冷剂液体，焓值降为h4；常温高压的制冷剂液体经过膨胀阀5被节流成气液两相的低温制冷剂湿蒸汽，压力降为P2；在蒸发器6中，低温的制冷剂湿蒸汽吸收显热与大量的气化潜热，产生制冷效果，制冷剂蒸汽焓值升为h7；随后，蒸发器6出口处的低压制冷剂蒸汽被增压泵7送入太阳能集热器1中。至此，制冷剂在本发明太阳能辅助驱动冷热联产装置内的循环完成，在该循环中，产出了热水与制冷效果，同时只有增压泵7消耗了少量的电能，最大限度的节约了能源。As shown in Figure 2, it is a cycle thermodynamic diagram of the present invention. When the sunshine is sufficient, the device starts, driven by the booster pump 7, the pressure value is low pressure P 2 The refrigerant vapor is sucked out from the evaporator 6, and a certain enthalpy increase and pressure increase are obtained; then the refrigerant vapor enters In the pipeline inside the solar heat collector 1, because the solar heat collector 1 absorbs a large amount of solar energy, its internal temperature value is relatively high, and the refrigerant steam absorbs heat continuously during the flow process in the pipeline, and the enthalpy value of the refrigerant steam The pressure value is rapidly increased to h 1 and P 1 to achieve the effect of solar auxiliary driving; the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant steam flowing out of the solar collector 1 enters the gas-liquid heat exchanger 3 in the water tank 2, and the high-temperature and high-pressure The superheated refrigerant steam transfers heat to the water in the water tank 2 to produce hot water, and at the same time, the high-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam is condensed into high-pressure and medium-temperature refrigerant wet steam, and the enthalpy value is reduced to h 3 ; then the medium-temperature refrigerant wet steam enters the natural The convection air-cooled condenser 4 is cooled by air to form a normal-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and its enthalpy is reduced to h 4 ; The pressure drop is P 2 ; in the evaporator 6 , the low-temperature refrigerant wet vapor absorbs sensible heat and a large amount of latent heat of vaporization to produce a cooling effect, and the enthalpy of the refrigerant vapor rises to h 7 ; The low-pressure refrigerant vapor is sent into the solar heat collector 1 by the booster pump 7 . So far, the cycle of the refrigerant in the solar energy-assisted cogeneration device of the present invention is completed. In this cycle, hot water and cooling effects are produced, and only the booster pump 7 consumes a small amount of electric energy, saving energy to the greatest extent. energy.
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| CN101726156B (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-08-31 | 皇明太阳能股份有限公司 | Process method and device for refrigeration, heating and water supply by utilizing solar energy |
| CN104110758B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-01-18 | 上海交通大学 | Solar-driven efficient moisture-absorption thermal chemical reaction single-stage air conditioning system |
| CN107631390A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-26 | 邵明玉 | A kind of solar air-conditioner system |
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