CN100402103C - ventilated respiratory system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid-discharging and ventilating respiratory system, which is mainly used for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome. The system comprises a positive-negative pressure generator, a control device, an air pressure monitoring device, a flow monitoring device, a liquid-gas separator, an ultrasonic auxiliary device, a chest connecting pipe and a negative pressure liquid suction device. The system applies pressure to the thoracic cavity through the positive and negative pressure generator, and then discharges the alveolar and interstitial effusion out of the body through the negative pressure aspirator under the synchronous action of the respirator. After the decompression is finished, pure oxygen and atomized medicine are applied to the lung through the ultrasonic auxiliary device according to the respiratory frequency so as to inhibit the increase of effusion in the alveoli again and improve the pulmonary inflammation. The device is medical rescue equipment for improving lung ventilation and increasing blood oxygen concentration in vivo.

Description

ventilated respiratory system

technical field

The invention relates to a respiratory system for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome, in particular to a respiratory system capable of discharging alveolar and pulmonary interstitial fluid of patients and improving lung ventilation function of patients.

Background technique

Lung pathology in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) shows that pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, and a large amount of fluid in the alveoli and interstitium appear in the patient, which makes the pulmonary ventilation function lose or greatly reduce, thus causing hypoxemia resulting in the death of the patient. Therefore, timely restoration of pulmonary ventilation function is the key to the treatment of ARDS. For example, in SARS patients who were once popular, the lungs caused acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to viral infection, and correcting ARDS is to help patients with SARS (SARS). The key to overcoming life and death difficulties and greatly reducing their mortality rate.

At present, the ventilator generally used in the clinical treatment of ARDS patients is to achieve positive pressure ventilation into the trachea to achieve the purpose of expanding alveoli, increasing lung ventilation, and improving blood oxygen concentration. The current method of ventilation is to improve lung ventilation by ventilating into the conduction trachea, as shown in the upper part of the lung in Figure 2. Atelectasis, pulmonary hyaline membrane formation, pathophysiological manifestations of decreased lung compliance, clinical manifestations of persistent severe hypoxemia, respiratory distress, despite the use of ventilator (PEEP) mechanical ventilation to expand alveoli and increase oxygenation the goal of. However, since the alveoli of the human body have been occupied by a large amount of fluid, it is actually difficult for ordinary ventilators (PEEP) to continuously improve oxygenation and achieve effective ventilation.

In view of this, it is urgent to develop a new device and method to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a respiratory system for drainage and ventilation. The system is based on the premise of discharging the fluid in the alveoli of the patient, and then effectively ventilates the alveoli through the respiratory system. The technical feature of this system is that the lower half of the lung itself has the function of breathing and ventilation, and a positive and negative pressure generator is used to exert a certain pressure on the lungs to squeeze the alveolar and interstitial fluid to the bronchi and larynx. Then use a negative pressure aspirator to expel the fluid in his lungs, and at the same time, according to the breathing frequency, use an ultrasonic auxiliary device to apply pure oxygen and atomized medicine to the lungs to inhibit the increase and improvement of the fluid in the alveoli Inflammation of the lungs, this liquid drainage and ventilation respiratory system can greatly improve the ventilation function of the lungs, increase the blood oxygen content, and reduce the mortality of ARDS patients.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the respiratory system of liquid drainage and ventilation provided by the present invention includes: a positive and negative pressure generator, a control device, an air pressure monitoring device, a flow monitoring device, a liquid-gas separator, and an ultrasonic auxiliary device , Chest connection tube and negative pressure suction device.

The positive and negative pressure generator is connected with the liquid-gas separator and the control device, the air pressure monitoring device and the flow monitoring device.

One end of the control device is connected to an air pressure monitoring device and a flow monitoring device, and the other end is connected to a positive and negative pressure generator, an ultrasonic auxiliary device and a negative pressure liquid suction device.

The air pressure monitoring device is connected to the air guiding pipeline and is located between the positive and negative pressure generator and the flow monitoring device.

The flow monitoring device, the flow monitoring device is connected to the air guide pipeline, and the position is between the air pressure monitoring device and the liquid-gas separator part.

The liquid-gas separator is arranged on the air-guiding pipeline and is interposed between the flow monitoring device and the thoracic cavity connecting tube; one end of the thoracic cavity connecting tube is connected with the liquid-gas separator, and the other end is led into the thoracic cavity.

The ultrasonic auxiliary device is connected to the control unit and acts on the lungs.

The negative pressure aspirator is connected with the control device and acts on the lungs.

The system can safely discharge the fluid in the alveoli, increase the gas exchange space in time, so as to increase the effective ventilation of the alveoli, improve oxygenation, and increase the partial pressure of arterial oxygen in patients with ARDS and severe ARDS. It is a key device to reduce the mortality of patients.

The novelty, creativity and practicability of the present invention are described in detail by the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the principle block diagram of the respiratory system of drainage and ventilation of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of connecting the lungs with a traditional ventilator;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of connecting the lungs to implement the drainage and ventilation respiratory system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment 1 of the drainage ventilation breathing system;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the specific embodiment 2 of the drainage and ventilation breathing system.

Explanation of symbols in the figure

1 Positive and negative pressure generator 2 Control device

3 Air pressure monitoring device 4 Flow monitoring device

5 Liquid-gas separator 6 Ultrasonic auxiliary device

7 Chest connection tube 8 Negative pressure suction device

9 Lungs 10 Chest

11 Alveolar and interstitial fluid 12 Motor

13 Deceleration 14 Screw rod

15 cylinder 16 piston nut

17 Air duct 18 Trachea and larynx

19 Ultrasonic head 20 Control device

21 CO2 gas cylinder 22 Liquid-gas separator

23 Manual precision control valve 24 Solenoid valve

25 Pressure switch 26 Constant pressure gas tank

27 Flow proportional valve 28 Solenoid valve

29 Pressure switch 30 Liquid-gas separator

31 Liquid-gas separator 32 Solenoid valve

33 Flow proportional valve 34 Manual precision regulating valve

35 Negative pressure tank 36 Pressure switch

37 Solenoid valve 38 Vacuum pump

39 virus filter 40 breath sensor

41 Solenoid valve 42 Atomizer

43 Oxygen cylinder 44 Manual precision regulating valve

45 Solenoid valve

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1, the respiratory system for drainage and ventilation provided by the present invention includes: a positive and negative pressure generator 1, a control device 2, an air pressure monitoring device 3, a flow monitoring device 4, and a liquid-gas separator 5. An ultrasonic auxiliary device 6 , a chest connection tube 7 and a negative pressure liquid aspirator 8 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the positive and negative pressure generator 1 according to the present invention can be composed of a cylinder 15, a piston 16, a screw 14, or a vane pump or a peristaltic pump, etc., which can generate positive and negative atmospheric pressure structures. The upper part of the cylinder 15 of the positive and negative pressure generator communicates with the atmosphere, and the bottom of the cylinder is connected with the liquid-gas separator 5 and the chest connecting pipe 7 through the air guide pipe 17, and is also connected with the control device 2, the air pressure monitoring device 3, and the flow monitoring device. 4 connected.

The function of the control device 2 described in the invention is to coordinate and control the operation of the whole device, so that the pressure and flow of the gas generated by the positive and negative pressure generator 1 meet the treatment requirements. The function of the air pressure monitoring device 3 of the present invention is to monitor and control the atmospheric pressure generated by the positive and negative pressure generator 1 so that it is controlled within the maximum positive and negative pressure range that the human lungs can bear. The function of the flow monitoring device 4 in the present invention is to monitor and control the gas flow generated by the positive and negative pressure generator 1 so that it can meet the treatment requirements.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic diagram of connecting the lungs with a traditional ventilator. The dotted line in the figure is a schematic diagram of the outline of the lung 9 at low pressure, and the solid line is a schematic diagram of the outline of the lung 9 at high pressure. As can be seen from the figure, using a traditional ventilator It can only improve the ventilation function of 9 parts of the lungs, but cannot discharge the fluid in the lungs.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the chest connecting tube 7 and the lungs, and the connection between the negative pressure liquid suction device 8 and the trachea. It can be seen from the figure that the lung connecting tube 7 passes through the opening of the chest cavity 10 and is introduced into the inside of the chest cavity 10, positive and negative pressure The generator 1 compresses the lungs 9, so that the lungs 9 are forced to contract or expand, and squeeze the alveolar and interstitial fluid 11 to the trachea and larynx 18, as shown by the solid line in Figure 3, and then use negative pressure to inhale The liquid device 8 is used to excrete it from the body. After the fluid accumulation is removed, the ventilation function of the lungs can be obviously improved, and the blood oxygen content can be increased.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structural device of a specific embodiment, the device consists of a positive and negative pressure generator 1, a control device 2, an air pressure monitoring device 3, a flow monitoring device 4, a liquid-gas separator 5, an ultrasonic wave The auxiliary device 6 and the chest connection tube 7 are composed. Positive and negative pressure generator 1 mainly comprises motor 12, speed reducer 13, screw mandrel 14, cylinder 15, piston nut 16 and form. Motor 12 is connected with screw mandrel 14 through reducer 13, and screw mandrel 14 is connected with piston nut 16 by thread, and screw mandrel 14 and piston nut 16 can move relatively. The seal between the piston nut 16 and the cylinder wall is good, the upper part of the cylinder 15 is communicated with the atmosphere, and the bottom of the cylinder 15 is connected to the liquid-gas separator 5, the control device 2, the flow monitoring device 4, the air pressure monitoring device 3 and the chest connection tube 7 through the air guide pipe connected.

The control device 2 is arranged on the air guide pipe 17, one end is connected to the positive and negative pressure generator 1 and the liquid-gas separator 5, and the other end is connected to the flow monitoring device 4 and the air pressure monitoring device 3, and its function is to coordinate and control the operation of the device , so that the pressure and flow of the gas generated by the positive and negative pressure generator 1 meet the treatment requirements. The control device 2 collects the values fed back by the flow monitoring device 4 and the air pressure monitoring device 3, and compares the values with the treatment requirements through internal calculations, thereby controlling the rotation speed of the motor 12 so that the flow and pressure generated by the cylinder 15 meet the treatment requirements.

The air pressure monitoring device 3 is connected to the air guide pipe 17 and is located between the cylinder 15 and the flow monitoring device 4 . The flow monitoring device 4 is connected to the air guide pipe 17 and is located between the air pressure monitoring device 3 and the liquid-gas separator 5 .

The liquid-gas separator 5 is arranged on the air guiding pipeline 17 , between the flow monitoring device 4 and the chest connection tube 7 . The function of the liquid-gas separator part 5 of the present invention is to separate the moisture and impurities contained in the gas in and out of the pleural cavity, and at the same time also act as a buffer device for the instantaneous high-pressure shock when the device is started.

The ultrasonic auxiliary device 6 includes an ultrasonic head 19, which acts on the patient's lungs, stimulates lung tissue and discharges pulmonary interstitial fluid through the action of the ultrasonic head 19. The ultrasonic auxiliary device 6 generates low-frequency ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 20KHz˜100KHz. After each decompression, according to the breathing rate, an ultrasonic auxiliary device is used to apply pure oxygen and atomized medicine to the lungs to inhibit the increase of alveolar fluid and improve lung inflammation. The ultrasonic auxiliary device acts on the patient's lungs, stimulates the lung tissue through the mechanical vibration of low-frequency ultrasonic waves, and makes the patient's pulmonary interstitial fluid seep into the alveoli, making it easier to partially suck the fluid out of the body with a negative pressure suction device.

The thoracic connection tube 7 of the present invention can be divided into flexible and rigid structures. During treatment, one of two different methods of implantation or puncture can be used to connect the device and the human thoracic cavity according to the actual situation.

The negative pressure liquid aspirator 8 of the present invention is to use the air pressure difference to suck out the effusion in the larynx and the bronchi 18 out of the body. A suction device that can generate negative pressure, such as a sputum suction device, can also be used.

In the specific implementation process, the rotation of the motor 12 drives the screw rod 14 to rotate through the reducer 13, and the screw rod 14 drives the piston nut 16 to move up and down. When the piston nut 16 moves upward, negative pressure is generated in the cylinder 15 of the positive and negative pressure generator 1. When the piston nut 16 moves downward, a positive pressure is generated in the cylinder 15 . This positive pressure or negative pressure is connected with the chest cavity connecting tube 7 through the air guide tube, and the chest cavity connecting tube 7 is implanted or pierced into the patient's chest cavity 10 to generate positive or negative pressure inside the patient's chest cavity 10 to compress the patient's lungs 9, so that The lungs 9 are forced to contract or expand, and the alveolar and interpulmonary fluid is squeezed into the trachea and throat 18, and then discharged from the body through the negative pressure liquid suction device 8, thereby improving lung ventilation and blood oxygen content.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of another specific embodiment of the liquid drainage ventilation breathing system. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the positive and negative pressure generators in Embodiment 1 are replaced by high-pressure gas cylinders and low-pressure gas cylinders in Embodiment 2. of. In the figure, the _CO2 gas cylinder 21 is a general hospital _CO2 gas cylinder, the gas-liquid separator 22 is used to separate the liquid in _CO2 , and the manual precision regulating valve 23 and the gas-liquid separator 22 are the accessories of the _CO2 gas cylinder 21. Parts, when working, open the manual fine-tuning valve 23, the control device 20 will detect the value of the pressure switch 25, when the value is less than the set value, start the solenoid valve ₂₄ , CO gas will be filled into the constant pressure gas tank 26, when When the set value is reached, the electromagnetic valve 24 is closed, so that the constant pressure gas tank 26 will maintain a constant pressure.

When filling gas into the chest cavity, the control device opens the solenoid valve 28, and when the pressure switch 29 reaches the set value, closes the solenoid valve 28, and the flow proportional valve 27 is used to control the speed of gas flow.

The negative pressure gas tank 35 will maintain a constant negative pressure under the control of the pressure switch. When the pressure was greater than the set value, the vacuum pump 38 started to work, and the solenoid valve 37 was opened. When the pressure reached the set value, the solenoid valve 37 was closed.

When extracting the gas in the thoracic cavity, first open the manual fine-tuning valve 34, then the control device 20 opens the solenoid valve 32, when the pressure switch 29 reaches the set value, close the solenoid valve 32, and the flow proportional valve 33 is used to control the speed of gas flow. The gas-liquid separator 30 and the gas-liquid separator 31 are used to separate the liquid in the gas.

The oxygen cylinder 43 is a general hospital oxygen cylinder, the manual precision regulating valve 44 is an accessory part of the oxygen cylinder 43, the atomizer 42 atomizes the medicinal liquid into fine mist droplets, and the breathing sensor 40 can detect the breathing rate of a person. When the person inhales, the solenoid valve 41 is closed, and the solenoid valve 45 is opened, and the oxygen with the atomized mist drops through the catheter and enters the respiratory tract with the patient's inhalation. When the person exhales, the solenoid valve 45 is closed and the solenoid valve 41 is opened. Virus filter 39 functions to filter viruses in exhaled and inhaled air.

The function of the control device 20 described in the invention is to coordinate and control the operation of the whole device, so that the pressure and flow of the gas generated by the positive and negative pressure gas cylinders meet the treatment requirements. The function of the pressure switch 29, 25, 36 of the present invention is to monitor and control the pressure of positive and negative pressure gas, so that it is controlled within the maximum positive and negative pressure range that human lungs can bear. The function of the flow proportional valves 27 and 33 of the present invention is to monitor and control the flow of positive and negative pressure gas, so that it can meet the requirements of treatment.

The connecting part of the chest cavity, the negative pressure liquid aspirator, etc. in Embodiment 2 are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and are omitted in the figure.

Through the above-mentioned embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 and comparing Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, it can be seen that the present invention has completely different ideas from the traditional ventilator. The way of the traditional ventilator is only to apply a positive pressure to the lungs to achieve the purpose of ventilation. However, the present invention uses a positive and negative pressure generator, inserts a tube from the lungs, applies a certain pressure, squeezes the liquid in the lungs, sucks out the fluid in the lungs, and at the same time applies oxygen to the lungs according to the frequency of breathing. , increase the blood oxygen content, so as to achieve the purpose of ventilation. This system more effectively solves the ventilation problem of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, and has made significant progress, and a patent application is hereby filed.

The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. All other equivalent changes or modifications that do not deviate from the spirit disclosed in the present invention should be included in the described within the scope of patent applications.

Claims (8)

1. a discharge opeing ventilation breath system is characterized in that, comprising:

One positive negative pressure generator, this positive negative pressure generator is connected with flow-monitoring device with control device, air pressure monitor device with liquid-gas separator;

One control device, the one end connects air pressure monitor device and flow-monitoring device, and the other end connects positive negative pressure generator, ultrasound wave auxiliary device and negative pressure liquid sucking device;

One air pressure monitor device, it is connected on the guide pipeline, and the position is between positive negative pressure generator and flow-monitoring device;

One flow supervising device, this flow-monitoring device is connected on the guide pipeline, and the position is between air pressure monitor device and liquid-gas separator part;

One liquid-gas separator, this liquid-gas separator is arranged on the guide pipeline, between flow-monitoring device and thoracic cavity connection tube;

The thoracic cavity connection tube, the one end is connected with liquid-gas separator, and the other end imports the breast chamber;

One ultrasound wave auxiliary device is connected with control device, and acts on pulmonary;

One negative pressure aspirator is connected with control device, and effect and pulmonary.

2. discharge opeing ventilation breath according to claim 1 system is characterized in that, it is 20KHz～100KHz that this ultrasound wave auxiliary device produces low frequency ultrasound wave frequency.

3. discharge opeing ventilation breath according to claim 1 and 2 system is characterized in that, this ultrasound wave auxiliary device comprises a ultrasonic head of effect and patient pulmonary.

4. discharge opeing ventilation breath according to claim 1 system is characterized in that this thoracic cavity connection tube is divided into the flexibility or rigidity structure.

5. discharge opeing ventilation breath according to claim 1 system is characterized in that, this thoracic cavity connection tube one end connection traffic supervising device and air pressure supervising device, the other end adopt the implantation mode or a kind of mode of thrusting in the mode is inserted torso model.

6. discharge opeing ventilation breath according to claim 1 system is characterized in that the described negative pressure liquid sucking device that hydrops in the pulmonary is excreted is connected with bronchus with human body throat.

7. discharge opeing ventilation breath according to claim 1 system is characterized in that, positive negative pressure generator is made of the device that cylinder, piston or vane pump or peristaltic pump produce positive and negative air-pressure.

8. discharge opeing ventilation breath according to claim 1 system is characterized in that, positive negative pressure generator is made of malleation gas cylinder and negative pressure gas cylinder.

Images