CN100503003C - Smoke dust filtering method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke dust filtering method, which is characterized in that smoke (16) containing dust is pressurized and converted into a plurality of small bubbles (17) in a filtering liquid (9), and the bubbles (17) move horizontally in the process of rising from the bottom of the filtering liquid (9) and collide with each other, so that the contact path between the bubbles and the filtering liquid (9) is longer and the bubbles and the filtering liquid (9) are fully mixed. The smoke dust filtering device adopting the method has the advantages that the smoke inlet pipe (7) of the filter liquor pool extends into the lower part of the filter liquor pool (11), the end face of the gas outlet of the filter liquor pool is provided with a porous smoke exhaust nozzle (8) with a plurality of small holes, the filter liquor pool is internally provided with a porous smoke exhaust plate (10) which is parallel to the liquid level and has a plurality of continuous W-shaped sections, and the upper surface of the porous smoke exhaust plate is provided with a plurality of small holes. The smoke dust filtering method and the smoke dust filtering device thereof provided by the invention can fully mix the smoke and the filtering liquid, so as to adsorb and filter dust and change the properties of the smoke, thereby enabling the smoke discharged to the atmosphere to be harmless.

Description

Method and device for filtering smoke and dust

technical field

The present invention relates to a smoke and dust discharge system of various smoke and dust generating equipment in industrial and mining enterprises or other institutions, more specifically, the present invention relates to a smoke and dust filtering method and device of the smoke and dust discharge system.

Background technique

In industrial production and people's life, a large number of high-temperature combustion or other equipment involving smoke and dust emissions, such as mining equipment, smelting equipment, petrochemical equipment, boilers, fan furnaces, etc., are used. The gas products produced contain various harmful The flue gas and a large amount of dust with chemical composition are discharged into the air through the fume discharge system. Most of the equipment does not treat the fume or the treatment effect is not good, causing a large amount of fume to directly enter the atmosphere and causing serious pollution to the environment. , threatening the ecological balance and the growth of animals and plants, especially the most serious impact on human health.

At present, for the treatment of smoke and dust, there are mainly methods such as electrostatic dust removal, filter dust removal, spray dust removal, etc., but these methods have defects such as complicated filter dust removal process, difficult process control, poor dust removal effect, single function, and complicated follow-up treatment. limit. Since there is no effective and low-cost method and corresponding equipment for filtering smoke and dust, smoke and dust emission has always been the main source of environmental pollution, seriously restricting the development of production and economy.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a smoke filter method and a smoke filter device made by this method, the purpose of which is to more effectively filter out harmful smoke and dust in various smoke discharge systems.

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

The soot filtering method provided by the present invention, in the soot discharge system, carries out harmless treatment to the discharged flue gas and dust, pressurizes the flue gas containing dust and converts it into many Very small bubbles, in the process of bubbles rising from the bottom of the filtrate, the small bubbles gather to form large bubbles, and the described smoke filter method is to make the enlarged bubbles touch the surface parallel to the liquid surface, and the cross-section is a plurality of continuous " The W"-shaped porous smoke exhaust plate passes through the multiple inclined holes on the porous smoke exhaust plate, forcing the large air bubbles to be filtered into small air bubbles, while being guided by the multiple inclined small holes, The air bubbles move horizontally and collide with each other, making the contact path with the filtrate longer and fully mixed with the filtrate.

In the process that the bubbles rise from the bottom of the filtrate, they pass through the porous exhaust plate with small holes, and this process is carried out many times, and the bubbles that are constantly growing are repeatedly split into For small bubbles, the sum of the surface areas of all bubbles increases.

Apply a negative pressure on the liquid surface of the filtrate to make the smoke in the filtrate easy to separate out.

The filtrate can be liquid with different chemical properties according to the chemical composition of the discharged flue gas, so that the gas will be harmless after reacting with it.

In order to better achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a soot filter device manufactured by the above-mentioned soot filtering method, which is installed in the soot discharge system. Into the filtrate pool, one end of the outlet pipe of the filtrate pool is connected to the top of the filtrate pool, and the other end is connected to the chimney. The end face of the gas outlet is a porous smoke exhaust nozzle with many small holes, and the pool is equipped with a plurality of continuous "W"-shaped porous smoke exhaust plates parallel to the liquid surface, on which there are many small holes.

The porous smoke exhaust plate can be two or more layers.

Both the inlet pipe of the filtrate pool and the smoke outlet pipe of the filtrate pool are provided with a blower fan and a blower motor. Except for the connecting part, the whole box body is airtight.

There can be two or more filtrate pools connected in series, that is, the first filtrate pool is connected to the smoke inlet pipe of the filtrate pool, the last filtrate pool is connected to the smoke outlet pipe of the filtrate pool, and the filtrate pools are connected to the smoke pipes in sequence. Connection, that is, one end of the filtrate pool connected to the smoke pipe is connected to the upper part of the previous filtrate pool, and the other end extends into the lower part of the next filtrate pool, and the end face of the gas outlet is a porous smoke exhaust nozzle with many small holes.

A blower fan and a blower motor can be arranged on the connecting smoke pipe of the filtrate pool, and the rotation direction of the fan is to make the smoke flow from the smoke exhaust pipe of the smoke generating equipment to the chimney.

The exhaust pipe of the smoke generating equipment and the chimney are connected by an equal-diameter coaxial line, and a movable smoke baffle is arranged between the two, and the movable smoke baffle is detachable or rotatable. In the installation position, the exhaust pipe and the chimney of the smoke generating equipment are completely separated.

Compared with the current technology, the soot filtering method and the soot filtering device proposed by the present invention can fully mix the flue gas and the filtrate to absorb and filter dust and change the properties of the flue gas, so that the flue gas emitted to the atmosphere Gas harmless.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of adopting a plurality of filtrate ponds of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the porous smoke exhaust plate shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2;

The labels in the figure are: 1. Smoke and dust generating equipment, 2. Smoke and dust discharge system, 3. Smoke and dust filtering device, 4. Smoke exhaust pipe of smoke and dust generating equipment, 5. Blower fan, 6. Blower motor, 7. Filtrate tank inlet pipe, 8. Porous smoke exhaust nozzle, 9. Filtrate, 10. Porous smoke exhaust plate, 11. Filtrate tank, 12. Filtrate tank outlet pipe, 13. Chimney, 14. Movable smoke partition, 15. Filtrate tank connecting smoke pipe , 16, smoke, 17, bubbles.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the soot filtering method and corresponding flue gas filtering device adopted in the present invention are all kinds of soot-generating equipment in industrial and mining enterprises or other institutions such as mining equipment, smelting equipment, petrochemical industry, etc. In the smoke and dust discharge system 2 of equipment, boilers, incinerators, etc., the discharged smoke and dust are harmlessly treated.

The technical solution of the present invention is to pressurize the dust-containing flue gas 16 and convert it into many small bubbles 17 at the bottom of the filtrate 9, and encounter obstacles when the bubbles 17 rise from the bottom of the filtrate 9 The objects can move horizontally and collide with each other, making the contact path with the filtrate 9 longer and fully mixed with the filtrate 9.

During the process of the bubbles 17 rising from the bottom of the filtrate 9, a filter structure with small holes is provided to split the growing bubbles into small bubbles many times, and the sum of the surface areas of all the bubbles 17 increases.

Apply a negative pressure on the liquid surface of the filtrate 9 to make the smoke 16 in the filtrate 9 easy to separate out.

The filtrate 9 can adopt liquids with different chemical properties according to the chemical composition of the discharged flue gas 16, so that the gas is harmless after reacting with it.

The specific implementation manner of above-mentioned technical scheme is:

Fill the filtrate in the container, press the flue gas 16 from the smoke exhaust pipe 4 of the smoke generation equipment into the bottom of the container through the pipe by means of blast, and use the small hole structure at the end of the gas outlet of the pipe to discharge the flue gas 16 becomes a lot of small bubbles 17, and during the rising of the bubbles 17, the structure of the obstacle is used to make the bubbles 17 produce a lateral movement and collide with each other, so that the contact path with the filtrate 9 longer and mix well with filtrate 9. As the bubbles 17 rise, small bubbles gather to form large bubbles. In this process, there are many small through holes on the above-mentioned obstacles, which force the large air bubbles to be filtered into small air bubbles again, and the sum of the surface areas of all the air bubbles 17 increases.

During this process, the air bubbles are in contact with more liquid, so that the dust in the flue gas can fully dissolve into the filtrate, and the gas and the filtrate fully carry out chemical reactions. After passing through the small holes on the barrier, the bubbles can continue to rise until they reach the liquid level of the filtrate and precipitate.

Because the gas is subject to greater resistance in the filtrate, the gas must be drawn out by blower equipment after the gas is precipitated, and discharged into the air through the chimney. Therefore, the container is required to be sealed, otherwise, negative pressure cannot be generated.

The types of flue gas produced by various industrial and mining enterprises are different, so different filter fluids must be used according to the chemical properties of the flue gas. If the flue gas is alkaline, use an acidic filtrate; if the flue gas is acidic, use an alkaline filtrate; if the flue gas is neutral, use clean water as the filtrate.

The present invention further proposes the idea of a specific product for realizing the method: the soot filtering device 3 manufactured by the above-mentioned soot filtering method is arranged in the soot discharge system 2, and one end of the smoke inlet pipe 7 of the filtrate pool is communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe 4 of the soot generating equipment , the other end passes in the filtrate pool 11, and the filtrate pool goes out smoke pipe 12 one ends and connects with the top of the filtrate pool 11, and the other end communicates with the chimney 13, and the described filtrate 9 is placed in the filtrate pool 11.

The flue gas filtering method described above is realized by the following structure in this device: the filtrate pool smoke inlet pipe 7 extends into the bottom of the pool in the filtrate pool 11, and its gas outlet end face is a porous tube with many small holes. The smoke exhaust nozzle 8 is provided with a plurality of continuous "W" shaped porous smoke exhaust plates 10 parallel to the liquid surface in the pool, and a lot of small holes are arranged on it. The porous smoke exhaust nozzle 8 turns the smoke into small bubbles, and the continuous "W"-shaped porous smoke exhaust plate 10 prevents the bubbles from rising directly. The small holes on the top split the large bubbles into small bubbles, and the small bubbles pass through the porous After the smoke exhaust plate 10, because it is oblique, it collides with each other. The slope structure of "W" has a guiding effect on the gas, so that the air bubbles will not stagnate and accumulate, which will affect the filtering effect. The shape and size of the porous smoke exhaust plate 10 should be equal to the shape and size of the horizontal cross section of the filtrate pool 11 .

In order to further improve the filtering effect, the porous smoke exhaust plate 10 can be two or more layers, which are of course parallel to each other and to the liquid surface of the filtrate, so that the above-mentioned filtering process can be repeated.

Since the flue gas 16 itself has no power to move and is subject to great resistance during the filtration process, gas delivery facilities need to be provided before and after the filtrate pool 11. The method adopted by the present invention is: the filtrate pool inlet pipe 7 and the filtrate pool A blower fan 5 and a blower motor 6 are arranged on the smoke outlet pipe 12, and the fan rotation direction is to make the flue gas 16 flow to the chimney 13 from the smoke exhaust pipe 4 of the smoke generating equipment. Filtrate pool 11 is except the communication part with above-mentioned two pipelines, and its whole box body is airtight, guarantees that flue gas enters filtrate pool 11 in this way is positive pressure, utilizes negative pressure to separate out liquid, and draws out of filtrate pool 11.

In order to further improve the filtering effect, the present invention adopts a plurality of filtrate pools 11 in series, that is, two or more filtrate pools 11 can be connected in series, that is, the first filtrate pool 11 is connected with the smoke inlet pipe 7 of the filtrate pool, and finally A filtrate pool 11 is communicated with the outlet smoke pipe 12 of the filtrate pool, and adopts the filtrate pool to connect the smoke pipe 15 in order to connect between the filtrate pools 11, that is, one end of the filtrate pool connection smoke pipe 15 is connected with the top of the last filtrate pool 11, and the other One end stretches into the bottom of the next filtrate pool 11, and its gas outlet end face is a porous smoke exhaust nozzle 8 that is provided with many small holes. After repeated filtration, the toxic and harmful components in the flue gas are further reduced.

The sum of the areas of the apertures of the porous smoke exhaust nozzle 8 or each porous smoke exhaust plate 10 cannot be too small, so as to prevent excessive smoke exhaust resistance from damaging the blower fan 5 and the blower motor 6 .

For the same reason as the previous description, after adding the filtrate tank, the power of flue gas delivery should also be increased. Take the following way: a blower fan 5 and a blower motor 6 can be set on the filtrate pool connecting smoke pipe 15, and the fan rotation direction is to make the flue gas 16 flow to the chimney 13 from the smoke exhaust pipe 4 of the smoke generating equipment.

Due to changes in the production process, sometimes the flue gas generated during production is dusty or toxic, or both dusty and toxic; sometimes it is dust-free and non-toxic. When the flue gas is dust-free and non-toxic, it will be wasteful to perform the above-mentioned filtration. Considering this point, the present invention has taken following measures: the flue gas exhaust pipe 4 of the smoke generating equipment and the chimney 13 are connected by an equal diameter coaxial line, and a movable smoke partition 14 is established between the two, and the movable smoke partition 14 is detachable or Rotate, when the movable smoke baffle 14 is put into the installation position in its pipe, the smoke exhaust pipe 4 and the chimney 13 of the smoke generating equipment are completely separated. When the flue gas is dust-containing or toxic, or both dust-containing and toxic, the movable smoke partition 14 is loaded, the filter device works, and the flue gas is filtered through the filter device; otherwise, the movable smoke partition 14 is opened, The smoke exhaust pipe 4 of the smoke generating equipment is directly connected with the chimney 13, and the non-toxic and harmless smoke is directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the filtering device does not work, which reduces power consumption and equipment loss. The movable smoke-insulating plate 14 can be made into two semicircles, which form a complete circle when closed to form a smoke-insulating state; when opened, the two pieces are combined to form a vertically upward semicircle, which constitutes a state of natural smoke exhaust.

The structural components involved in the present invention must be made of various anti-corrosion materials according to the requirements of corrosion resistance.

The specific implementation of the present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned methods, as long as various improvements in the method concept of the present invention are adopted, or applied to other methods without improvement. The treatment of gas and liquid in different occasions is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for filtering smoke and dust. In the smoke and dust discharge system (2), the discharged flue gas and dust are harmlessly treated, and the flue gas (16) containing dust is pressurized and placed in the filtrate (9) The bottom of the bottom transforms into a lot of very small bubbles (17), and in the process that the bubbles (17) rise from the bottom of the filtrate (9), the small bubbles gather to form large bubbles, and it is characterized in that: the described smoke filter method is Enlarged air bubbles run into a plurality of continuous "W"-shaped porous smoke exhaust plates (10) parallel to the liquid surface, and pass through multiple inclined smoke exhaust plates (10) on the porous smoke exhaust plate (10). The small holes force the large air bubbles to be filtered into small air bubbles. At the same time, they are guided by the plurality of inclined small holes, and the air bubbles generate horizontal motion and collide with each other, making the contact path with the filtrate (9) longer and The filtrate (9) is thoroughly mixed. 2. According to the method for filtering smoke and dust according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when said air bubbles (17) rise from the bottom of said filtrate (9), they pass through said small holes. The porous smoke exhaust plate (10), and this process is carried out many times, the bubbles that are constantly growing are repeatedly split into small bubbles, and the sum of the surface areas of all the bubbles (17) increases. 3. according to claim 1 or 2 described soot filtering methods, it is characterized in that: on the liquid surface of described filtrate (9), apply a filter that makes the flue gas (16) in the filtrate (9) easy to separate out Negative pressure. 4. The method for filtering smoke and dust according to claim 3, characterized in that: said filtrate (9) adopts liquids with different chemical properties according to the chemical composition of the discharged flue gas (16), and after the gas reacts with it, is a harmless gas. 5. A soot filtering device applying the soot filtering method according to claim 1, which is arranged in the soot discharge system (2), and one end of the filtrate pool inlet pipe (7) is communicated with the soot generating equipment smoke exhaust pipe (4), The other end passes in the filtrate pool (11), and the filtrate pool outlet smoke pipe (12) one end is connected with the top of the filtrate pool (11), and the other end is communicated with the chimney (13), and the described filtrate (9) is placed in In the filtrate pool (11), the filtrate pool smoke inlet pipe (7) stretches into the bottom of the pool in the filtrate pool (11), and its gas outlet end face is a porous smoke exhaust nozzle (8) that is provided with many small holes, It is characterized in that: parallel to the liquid surface, a plurality of continuous "W"-shaped porous smoke exhaust plates (10) are arranged in the pool, and many small holes are arranged on the top. 6. The smoke filter device according to claim 5, characterized in that: said porous smoke exhaust plate (10) has two or more layers. 7. According to claim 5 or 6 described soot filtering device, it is characterized in that: described filtrate pool smoke inlet pipe (7) and filtrate pool smoke outlet pipe (12) are equipped with blower fan (5) and blower fan Motor (6), the direction of rotation of its fan is to make flue gas (16) flow to chimney (13) from smoke exhaust pipe (4) of soot generating equipment, and the filtrate pool (11) except the part connected with the above-mentioned two pipelines, its entire box The body is airtight. 8. The dust filtering device according to claim 7, characterized in that: two or more filtrate pools (11) are connected in series, that is, the first filtrate pool (11) and the filtrate pool inlet pipe (7) Unicom, the last filtrate pool (11) is connected with the outlet pipe (12) of the filtrate pool, and the filtrate pool (11) is connected by the filtrate pool connecting smoke pipe (15) in order, that is, the filtrate pool is connected with the smoke pipe (15) One end is connected with the top of the last filtrate pool (11), and the other end stretches into the bottom of the next filtrate pool (11), and its gas outlet end face is a porous smoke exhaust nozzle (8) that is provided with many apertures. 9. according to claim 8 described soot filter device, it is characterized in that: blower fan (5) and blower motor (6) are set on described filtrate pool connection smoke pipe (15), and its fan rotation direction is to make smoke (16) flow to the chimney (13) from the flue dust generation equipment flue pipe (4). 10. The soot filtering device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the exhaust pipe (4) of the soot generating equipment and the chimney (13) are connected by an equal-diameter coaxial line, and a movable smoke barrier is set between the two. Plate (14), the movable smoke partition (14) is detachable or rotating, when the movable smoke partition (14) is put into the installation position in its pipe, the exhaust pipe (4) and chimney (13) of the smoke generating equipment are completely separated.

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