CN100525922C - Magnetic separation concentration method - Google Patents
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- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUHSSNQZRMKHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Ca].[Ca].P(O)(O)(O)=O Chemical compound [Ca].[Ca].[Ca].P(O)(O)(O)=O DUHSSNQZRMKHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WETINTNJFLGREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;iron;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Ca].[Fe].[Fe] WETINTNJFLGREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ASTZLJPZXLHCSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)silane;manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O ASTZLJPZXLHCSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种富集磁选粉的方法，包括预烘干、粉磨和磁选，A、将粒度为0-30mm、TFe≤40%的湿磁选粉送入烘干设备中进行预烘干，温度控制在950℃以下干燥，将其由初水份≤20%，预烘干至水份≤5%；B、将经步骤A处理的预烘干后的磁选粉，冷却至温度为100℃以下后，送入粉磨设备中进行粉磨，使其粒度≤6mm，同时利用磁选粉的余热和粉磨时产生的摩擦热进一步烘干至水份≤2%；C、将经步骤B处理后的磁选粉，用磁选机进行磁选富集，从而得到TFe≥55%的铁精粉、TFe≥90%洁净粒钢和非磁性尾渣粉。本发明使渣、钢能够完全分离，使磁性渣TFe大幅度提高；生产过程中无废水、废渣排放，也无粉尘飞扬，实现了钢渣资源全部有效利用和钢渣加工处理的清洁生产。
The invention relates to a method for enriching magnetic separation powder, including pre-drying, grinding and magnetic separation. A. Send wet magnetic separation powder with a particle size of 0-30mm and TFe≤40% into a drying device for pre-drying Drying, the temperature is controlled below 950°C and dried, and it is pre-dried from the initial moisture content ≤ 20% to the moisture content ≤ 5%; B. The pre-dried magnetic separation powder treated in step A is cooled to After the temperature is below 100°C, send it into the grinding equipment for grinding to make the particle size ≤ 6mm, and at the same time use the waste heat of the magnetic separation powder and the friction heat generated during grinding to further dry to a moisture content of ≤ 2%; C, The magnetic separation powder treated in step B is subjected to magnetic separation and enrichment by a magnetic separator to obtain fine iron powder with TFe≥55%, clean granular steel with TFe≥90% and non-magnetic tailings powder. The invention enables complete separation of slag and steel, greatly increases TFe of magnetic slag; there is no discharge of waste water, waste slag, and flying dust during the production process, and realizes the clean production of all effective utilization of steel slag resources and steel slag processing.
Description
【技术领域】 【Technical field】
本发明涉及一种冶金钢渣资源化综合利用的方法，尤其是涉及一种对钢渣进行资源化综合利用的富集磁选粉的方法。The invention relates to a method for resource comprehensive utilization of metallurgical steel slag, in particular to a method for enriching magnetic separation powder for resource comprehensive utilization of steel slag.
【背景技术】 【Background technique】
名词解释：TFe是指铁的品位，即铁的重量百分比含量。Glossary explanation: TFe refers to the grade of iron, that is, the weight percentage content of iron.
磁选粉是指冶金钢渣经焖化、破碎、磁选分级等工序后所得TFe≤40％、粒度≤30mm的磁性钢渣。Magnetic separation powder refers to the magnetic steel slag with TFe≤40% and particle size≤30mm obtained from metallurgical steel slag after stewing, crushing, magnetic separation and classification.
随着我国钢铁产量的不断扩大，钢渣产量也不断增多，开发利用钢渣资源，是实现冶金钢渣资源化综合利用的重要措施，也符合国家环境综合治理、资源综合利用等方面的产业政策，有显著的经济和社会效益。同时对保证钢铁产业的可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。With the continuous expansion of my country's steel production, the output of steel slag is also increasing. The development and utilization of steel slag resources is an important measure to realize the comprehensive utilization of metallurgical steel slag resources. It is also in line with the national industrial policies on comprehensive environmental management and comprehensive utilization of resources. economic and social benefits. At the same time, it is of great significance to ensure the sustainable development of the steel industry.
近几年，我国钢渣处理与利用技术已取得了突破性的进展，通过技术研究，采用新技术、新工艺、新设备实现钢渣的进一步加工处理，提高渣钢的金属含量，利用高温钢渣的显热，在焖罐中喷水使钢渣内外温差过大而产生热应力、矿相变化而产生相变应力等，使钢渣快速冷却、自然破碎，从而实现了金属和渣的较好分离，经多级分级磁选后，非磁性尾渣深加工成水泥原料或混凝土掺合料，而磁性渣为甲级渣钢(TFe≥85％，粒级为+50mm)、乙级渣钢(TFe≥65％，粒级为30～50mm)和磁选粉(TFe≤40％，粒级为0～30mm)，磁选粉中仍有碎小钢粒。In recent years, China's steel slag treatment and utilization technology has made breakthrough progress. Through technical research, new technology, new technology and new equipment are used to realize the further processing of steel slag, to increase the metal content of slag steel, and to use the high-temperature steel slag. Heat, spray water in the stew tank to make the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steel slag is too large to produce thermal stress, mineral phase change to produce phase transition stress, etc., so that the steel slag is quickly cooled and naturally broken, thus achieving a better separation of metal and slag. After graded magnetic separation, the non-magnetic tailings slag is further processed into cement raw materials or concrete admixtures, while the magnetic slag is Grade A slag steel (TFe≥85%, particle size is +50mm), B grade slag steel (TFe≥65% , particle size is 30-50mm) and magnetic separation powder (TFe≤40%, particle size is 0-30mm), there are still broken small steel particles in the magnetic separation powder.
众所周知，非磁性钢渣的矿物组成主要有硅酸钙(CaO·SiO2)，硅酸二钙(2CaO·SiO2)、硅酸三钙(3CaO·SiO2)、硅酸铁(2Fe·SiO2)、硅酸锰(MnO·SiO2)、铁酸钙(CaO·Fe2O3)、铁酸二钙(2CaO·Fe2O3)、钙橄榄石(CaO·FeO·SiO2)、磷酸三钙(3CaO·P2O5)、氟化钙共晶(CaO·CrF2)等，钢渣经过喷水焖渣，多级筛分、磁选所得的TFe≤40％的磁选粉，含水量一般都在20％以下，其中的钢粒表面包裹有较厚的渣粉，由于水的表面张力使磁性渣与非磁性渣相互粘连；非磁性尾渣在生产新型节能环保型建筑材料之前，首先要除尽其中的金属铁，而后要烘干至水份低于2％，湿法粉磨时不仅金属铁不能完全除去，钢渣化学活性大幅度降低，而且其初始水份在30％以上，使烘干能耗太高，回收利用的难度增大。As we all know, the mineral composition of non-magnetic steel slag mainly includes calcium silicate (CaO·SiO 2 ), dicalcium silicate (2CaO·SiO 2 ), tricalcium silicate (3CaO·SiO 2 ), iron silicate (2Fe·SiO 2 ), manganese silicate (MnO·SiO 2 ), calcium ferrite (CaO·Fe 2 O 3 ), dicalcium ferrite (2CaO·Fe 2 O 3 ), calcium olivine (CaO·FeO·SiO 2 ), phosphoric acid Tricalcium (3CaO·P 2 O 5 ), calcium fluoride eutectic (CaO·CrF 2 ), etc., the steel slag is sprayed with water to stew the slag, and the magnetic separation powder with TFe≤40% obtained by multi-stage screening and magnetic separation contains The amount of water is generally less than 20%, and the surface of the steel grains is covered with thicker slag powder. Due to the surface tension of the water, the magnetic slag and the non-magnetic slag adhere to each other; First of all, the metal iron in it should be removed, and then it should be dried until the water content is lower than 2%. During wet grinding, not only the metal iron cannot be completely removed, but the chemical activity of steel slag is greatly reduced, and its initial water content is more than 30%. The drying energy consumption is too high, and the difficulty of recycling increases.
为了进一步提高磁选粉的品位，国内各钢铁厂大都采用湿法球磨水洗、湿法磁选富集工艺，对粒级为0-30mm的磁选粉进行深加工，但是这种工艺的缺点：一是由于磁选富集过程中矿浆粘性较大使产品铁精粉TFe达不到55％，使烧结配矿难度增大，用量也少；二是包裹于渣中的碎小钢粒得不到完全回收，造成了资源的浪费；三是非磁性尾渣中的金属铁含量超过1％，且其水份高于30％，尾渣同水发生化学反应后，尾渣失去化学活性，使其作为水泥混合材和深加工成混凝土掺和料的难度增大，性能降低；四是洗矿水外排造成环境污染和水资源、矿物资源的浪费。In order to further improve the grade of magnetic separation powder, most domestic iron and steel plants adopt wet ball mill washing and wet magnetic separation enrichment process to further process the magnetic separation powder with a particle size of 0-30mm, but the disadvantages of this process are: 1. It is due to the high viscosity of the ore slurry in the process of magnetic separation and enrichment, so that the product iron concentrate powder TFe can not reach 55%, which makes the sintering ore blending more difficult and the dosage is also small; the second is that the broken small steel particles wrapped in the slag cannot be completely Recycling has caused a waste of resources; the third is that the metal iron content in the non-magnetic tailings exceeds 1%, and its water content is higher than 30%. After the tailings react with water, the tailings lose their chemical activity, making them used as cement. The difficulty of mixing materials and deep processing into concrete admixtures increases, and the performance decreases; the fourth is that the discharge of ore washing water causes environmental pollution and waste of water resources and mineral resources.
【发明内容】 【Content of invention】
为了克服现有技术的上述缺点，本发明提供一种采用干式粉磨、干式磁选富集生产高品位铁精粉、洁净钢粒的富集磁选粉的方法，本发明能达到生产能耗低、产品质量好、可实现资源全部有效利用、非磁性尾渣不需要烘干即可用于新型建筑材料的生产，且无污染等技术特性的目的。In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for producing high-grade iron concentrate powder and enriched magnetic separation powder of clean steel particles by using dry grinding and dry magnetic separation enrichment. The present invention can achieve production Low energy consumption, good product quality, effective utilization of all resources can be realized, non-magnetic tailings can be used in the production of new building materials without drying, and have no pollution and other technical characteristics.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种富集磁选粉的方法，包括预烘干、粉磨和磁选，其工艺步骤是：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a method for enriching magnetic separation powder, including pre-drying, grinding and magnetic separation, and its process steps are:
A、将粒度为0-30mm的湿磁选粉送入烘干设备中进行预烘干，温度控制在950℃以下干燥，将其由初水份≤20％，预烘干至水份≤5％；A. Send the wet magnetic separation powder with a particle size of 0-30mm into the drying equipment for pre-drying. The temperature is controlled below 950°C for drying, and the initial moisture content is ≤20%, and it is pre-dried until the moisture content is ≤5. %;
B、将经步骤A处理的预烘干后的磁选粉，冷却至温度为100℃以下后，送入粉磨设备中进行粉磨，使其粒度≤6mm，同时利用磁选粉的余热和粉磨时产生的摩擦热进一步烘干至水份≤2％；B. Cool the pre-dried magnetic separation powder treated in step A to a temperature below 100°C, and then send it into the grinding equipment for grinding to make the particle size ≤ 6mm. At the same time, use the waste heat of the magnetic separation powder and The friction heat generated during grinding is further dried to a moisture content of ≤2%;
C、将经步骤B处理后的磁选粉，用磁选机进行磁选富集，从而得到TFe≥55％的铁精粉、TFe≥90％洁净钢粒和非磁性尾渣粉。C. The magnetic separation powder treated in step B is enriched by magnetic separation with a magnetic separator, so as to obtain iron fine powder with TFe≥55%, clean steel particles with TFe≥90% and non-magnetic tailings powder.
所述步骤A中的烘干设备包括立式、回转式、振动式、隧道式或室式烘干机。The drying equipment in the step A includes vertical, rotary, vibration, tunnel or chamber dryers.
所述步骤B中的粉磨设备包括球磨机、棒磨机、直通磨或柱磨机。The grinding equipment in the step B includes a ball mill, a rod mill, a straight-through mill or a column mill.
所述步骤C中的磁选机包括永久式、电磁式，强磁性或弱磁性、单双滚筒式磁选机。The magnetic separator in the step C includes permanent type, electromagnetic type, strong magnetic or weak magnetic, single and double drum magnetic separator.
所述预处理后的烟气经气箱脉冲袋式收尘器净化后，以含尘浓度小于50mg/m3的一级标准排放。The pretreated flue gas is purified by an air box pulse bag filter, and discharged with a dust concentration of less than 50mg/m 3 in the first grade standard.
所述粉磨设备尾气也经气箱脉冲袋式收尘器净化后，以含尘浓度小于50mg/m3的一级标准排放。The exhaust gas of the grinding equipment is also purified by the air box pulse bag filter, and discharged with a dust concentration of less than 50mg/m 3 in the first grade standard.
本发明的有益效果是：对湿磁选粉进行预烘干和粉磨，使其水份由≤20％降低到了水份≤2％，使渣、钢能够完全分离，磁性渣与非磁性渣也不会因水份的存在而相互粘连，从而可以提高二者的分离精度，使磁性渣TFe大幅度提高，而成为TFe≥55％的铁精粉；粒钢表明附着的渣粉也被磨损而成为TFe≥90％洁净粒钢；非磁性尾渣粉粒度细小、金属铁含量≤1％、水份≤2％，保持了其固有的化学活性，使用过程中也不需要烘干，而成为钢渣微粉或钢渣与粒化高炉矿渣复合矿粉或钢渣复合硅酸盐水泥等新型节能环保型建筑材料的优质原材料；生产过程中无废水、废渣排放，也无粉尘飞扬，在实现钢渣资源100％有效利用的同时，也实现了钢渣加工处理的清洁生产。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: pre-drying and grinding the wet magnetic separation powder, reducing the water content from ≤20% to ≤2%, so that the slag and steel can be completely separated, and the magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag can be completely separated. It will not stick to each other due to the existence of water, so that the separation accuracy of the two can be improved, and the TFe of the magnetic slag can be greatly improved, and it becomes iron powder with TFe≥55%; the granular steel shows that the attached slag powder is also worn And become TFe≥90% clean grain steel; non-magnetic tailings powder has fine particle size, metal iron content≤1%, moisture content≤2%, maintains its inherent chemical activity, and does not need to be dried during use, and becomes Steel slag fine powder or steel slag and granulated blast furnace slag composite mineral powder or steel slag composite portland cement are high-quality raw materials for new energy-saving and environmentally friendly building materials; there is no waste water, waste slag discharge, and no dust flying during the production process. Realizing 100% steel slag resources While effectively utilizing, it also realizes the clean production of steel slag processing.
本发明首先将湿磁选粉预烘干至水份≤5％，然后利用磁选粉余热和摩擦热将其水份进一步烘干至≤2％，不仅避免了湿法粉磨时非磁性渣化学活性的降低，同时也使尾渣在生产新型节能环保型建筑材料时省去了烘干工序，成为新型节能环保型建筑材料的优质原材料。In the present invention, the wet magnetic separation powder is pre-dried to a water content of ≤5%, and then the water content of the magnetic separation powder is further dried to a water content of ≤2% by using the waste heat and frictional heat of the magnetic separation powder, which not only avoids non-magnetic slag during wet grinding The reduction of chemical activity also makes the tailings omit the drying process in the production of new energy-saving and environment-friendly building materials, and become a high-quality raw material for new energy-saving and environment-friendly building materials.
【附图说明】 【Description of drawings】
图1是本发明的工艺流程图。Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
【具体实施方式】 【Detailed ways】
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
参见图1，一种富集磁选粉的工艺方法，首先将粒度为0-30mm、水份≤20％的湿磁选粉，由汽车运至原料堆场，再由铲车送入烘干机前过渡料仓，经振动给料机、皮带输送机、提升机送入烘干机内，原料在烘干机内经预热、温度控制在950℃以下干燥，使其水份降低到5％以下，在烘干过程中粒钢受热膨胀将热应力作用于表面渣粉，使其附着力减弱，相互粘连的磁性渣与非磁性渣颗粒得到了初步分离；经预处理后的磁选粉温度在100℃以下时，由皮带输送机喂入粉磨设备中，在粉磨的同时继续烘干，粒度由0-30mm被磨细到0-6mm，利用烘干后渣粉的余热和粉磨时产生的大量摩擦热而将水份进一步烘干至2％以下，粉磨时附着于粒钢表面的渣粉层被磨破而与粒钢完全分离，磁性渣与非磁性渣颗粒粘连体被进一步分散成为单体；利用磁选机进行磁选富集而得TFe≥55％的铁精粉和TFe≥90％洁净粒钢，烘干机烟气则经气箱脉冲袋式收尘器净化后，以含尘浓度小于50mg/m3的一级标准排放。由皮带输送机送入磁选设备中，粉磨设备尾气也经气箱脉冲袋式收尘器净化后，以含尘浓度小于50mg/m3的一级标准排放。See Figure 1, a process method for enriching magnetic separation powder. Firstly, the wet magnetic separation powder with a particle size of 0-30mm and a moisture content of ≤20% is transported by car to the raw material storage yard, and then sent to the drying machine by a forklift The transition silo in front of the machine is sent into the dryer through the vibrating feeder, belt conveyor, and hoist. The raw materials are preheated in the dryer and dried at a temperature below 950°C to reduce the moisture content to 5%. Next, during the drying process, the thermal stress of the granular steel will act on the slag powder on the surface due to thermal expansion, which weakens the adhesion, and the magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag particles that adhere to each other are preliminarily separated; the temperature of the magnetic separation powder after pretreatment When the temperature is below 100°C, it is fed into the grinding equipment by the belt conveyor, and continues to dry while grinding. The large amount of frictional heat generated during the grinding process further dries the moisture to less than 2%, the slag powder layer attached to the surface of the granular steel is worn out and completely separated from the granular steel during grinding, and the magnetic slag and non-magnetic slag particles are bonded. Further disperse into monomers; use magnetic separator for magnetic separation and enrichment to obtain TFe≥55% iron fine powder and TFe≥90% clean granular steel, and the flue gas of the dryer is purified by the air box pulse bag filter Afterwards, it will be discharged according to the primary standard with a dust concentration of less than 50mg/m 3 . It is sent to the magnetic separation equipment by the belt conveyor, and the exhaust gas of the grinding equipment is also purified by the air box pulse bag filter, and discharged with the first-class standard of dust concentration less than 50mg/ m3 .
出粉磨设备后的磁选粉的水份低于2％，温度在80℃左右，由皮带输送机喂入磁选机组中进行磁选，即得Fe≥55％的铁精粉、TFe≥90％洁净粒钢及金属铁≤1％、水份≤2％、粒度≤6mm的非磁性尾渣。The moisture content of the magnetic separation powder after leaving the grinding equipment is less than 2%, and the temperature is about 80°C. It is fed into the magnetic separation unit by the belt conveyor for magnetic separation, and then the iron powder with Fe≥55% and TFe≥ 90% clean granular steel and non-magnetic tailings with metal iron ≤ 1%, moisture ≤ 2%, particle size ≤ 6mm.
本发明具有生产能耗低、产品质量好、可实现资源的全部有效利用、非磁性尾渣不需要烘干即可用于新型建筑材料的生产，且无污染等技术特性。The invention has the technical characteristics of low production energy consumption, good product quality, full effective utilization of resources, non-magnetic tailings that can be used in the production of new building materials without drying, and no pollution.
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| CN103143438A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-12 | 许建民 | Production technique of magnetite refined powdered iron by dry process |
| CN104399584A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-03-11 | 唐山市丰润区华晨机械维修部 | Dry magnetic separation technology for waste steel slags |
| CN105583148A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-18 | 平顶山华兴浮选工程技术服务有限公司 | Dry ore washing and dressing method |
| CN106192852B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-05-22 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of method on plant area of high-efficiency cleaning steel plant road surface |
| CN106179706B (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2019-08-23 | 山东济钢合金材料科技有限公司 | A method of separating the iron oxide mixed from iron powder |
| KR102449547B1 (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2022-09-29 | 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 | Manufacturing method of manganese raw material and melting method of manganese-containing steel |
| CN110947515A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-03 | 攀枝花钢城集团有限公司 | Method for preparing fine-fraction steel slag used as admixture of cement and concrete |
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| US4666591A (en) * | 1984-01-10 | 1987-05-19 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Slag disposal method |
| US4747547A (en) * | 1986-06-11 | 1988-05-31 | Nippon Jiryoku Senko Co., Ltd. | Process for the treatment of slag generated in an ironworks |
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| US4666591A (en) * | 1984-01-10 | 1987-05-19 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Slag disposal method |
| US4747547A (en) * | 1986-06-11 | 1988-05-31 | Nippon Jiryoku Senko Co., Ltd. | Process for the treatment of slag generated in an ironworks |
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