CN101007745A - Pollution-reducing special fertilizer for leaf-kinds vegetable production - Google Patents

Abstract

A special fertilizer for reducing pollution used in the production of leafy vegetables, including nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, is characterized in that dicyandiamide or imidazole as a nitrification inhibitor is added to the special fertilizer, and dicyandiamide or imidazole as a heavy metal passivation agent is added in the special fertilizer. waste bacteria sticks and (or) sulfur, wherein the amount of nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide or imidazole accounts for 6-12% of the effective nutrient content of nitrogen fertilizers, and the waste bacteria sticks of heavy metal passivators account for 13-20% of the weight of the special fertilizer , The consumption of sulfur accounts for 2～5% of special fertilizer kind weight. The weight ratio of the effective components N, P ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O in the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer can be selected as 1:0.36-0.72:0.44-0.83. The invention adds a nitrification inhibitor and a heavy metal passivator, and the application of the fertilizer not only greatly promotes the growth of leafy vegetables, but also is of great benefit to reducing the contents of nitrate and heavy metals in vegetables and improving the quality of vegetables. Applying the special fertilizer to the vegetable field can increase the income by about 3,300 yuan per hectare, and at the same time reduce the content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic in vegetables by 10-40%, and reduce the content of nitrate by 20-30%.

Description

Pollution reduction special fertilizer for leafy vegetable production

technical field

The invention relates to an agricultural vegetable fertilizer production technology, in particular to a pollution-reducing special fertilizer (composite fertilizer) used for the production of leafy vegetables.

Background technique

Vegetables are a kind of crops that are easy to accumulate and retain nitrate and heavy metals. Coupled with the influence of environmental pollution or other factors, there are different degrees of nitrate (nitrite) in vegetables and the accumulation of harmful heavy metals increases. Some even seriously exceed the standard, which not only affects the health of the masses, but also affects exports. Eating hygienic and safe pollution-free vegetables has become the focus of attention. On the other hand, the existing special fertilizers for vegetables are generally for the purpose of increasing production, mainly based on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and some add some medium and trace elements. Some are called pollution-free or green fertilizers, and their essence is only organic and inorganic fertilizers. Compound fertilizers or (bio) organic fertilizers are not really special fertilizers that can reduce the accumulation of nitrate and heavy metals in vegetables.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned defect, thereby provide a kind of pollution-reducing special-purpose fertilizer that is used for the production of leafy vegetables, make when being used for the fertilizer application of leafy vegetables (or leaf stems) vegetables, not only have reasonable proportion Sufficient nutrients, but also can effectively reduce the content of nitrate and the accumulation of harmful heavy metals in vegetables, reduce the pollution of vegetables, and improve the quality of vegetables.

The present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the special fertilizer of the present invention comprises nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and wherein effective nutrient is N, P ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O, it is characterized in that in this special fertilizer also adds as reducing Nitrate nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide or imidazole, and waste bacteria sticks and (or) sulfur added as heavy metal passivator, wherein the amount of nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide or imidazole accounts for 6-12% of the effective nutrient content of nitrogen fertilizer %, the heavy metal passivator waste bacteria stick accounts for 13-20% of the weight of the special fertilizer, and the amount of sulfur accounts for 2-5% of the weight of the special fertilizer.

During specific implementation, in the special fertilizer of the present invention, the weight ratio of the active components N, P ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O in the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer can be selected as 1:0.36-0.72:0.44-0.83.

During specific implementation, the preferred weight ratio of the effective components N, P ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O in the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the present invention is 1:0.40-0.57:0.50-0.69.

The reason why the present invention adopts the aforementioned technical solution is that the nitrification inhibitor is a kind of substance that inhibits the conversion of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer or urea into nitrate nitrogen, thereby reducing the loss of nitrogen fertilizer and improving the utilization rate of fertilizer. Because it can effectively inhibit the formation of nitrate nitrogen by inhibiting nitrification (2NH ₃ +3O ₂ →2HNO ₂ +2H ₂ O, 2HNO ₂ +O ₂ →2HNO ₃ ), and promote the absorption of ammonium nitrogen by crops, so as to achieve The purpose of reducing the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables. The heavy metal deactivator is mainly based on the chelation of organic matter in the waste fungus sticks (waste in the production of edible fungi) and heavy metals to form chelates that are difficult for crops to absorb, and sulfides are easy to chemically react with heavy metals in the soil Form insoluble compounds (such as: S ^2- +Cd ²⁺ →CdS↓, S ^2- +Pb ²⁺ →PbS↓), so as to reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals and reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in vegetables . The nitrification inhibitor used in the present invention is mainly dicyandiamide and/or imidazole, and the heavy metal deactivator is mainly waste bacteria sticks and (or) sulfur.

In summary, the vegetable (leafy vegetables) pollution-reducing special fertilizer that the present invention adopts the raw material production of above-mentioned proportion, is to decide according to the demand of leafy vegetable growth to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and also adds nitrification inhibitor Therefore, the application of this fertilizer not only greatly promotes the growth of leafy vegetables, but also reduces the content of nitrate and heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, etc.) in the vegetables, and is of great benefit to improving the quality of vegetables. . Applying the special fertilizer to the vegetable field can increase the income by about 3,300 yuan per hectare, and at the same time reduce the content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic in vegetables by 10-40%, and reduce the content of nitrate by 20-30%. The invention is especially suitable for being used as special pollution-reducing fertilizer for leafy vegetables, and suitable for producing vegetable base fertilizer or topdressing fertilizer.

Detailed ways

Below are two kinds of embodiments of the present invention, take the production of 1000kg special fertilizer as example:

1) Weigh 167.7kg of urea, 119.0kg of diammonium phosphate and 91.7kg of potassium chloride, equivalent to 95kg, 50kg and 55kg of N, P ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O, and weigh the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide 9.5kg of amine (about 10% of the effective nutrient of nitrogen fertilizer) or 5.7kg of imidazole (about 6% of the effective nutrient of nitrogen fertilizer), 30kg of heavy metal passivator sulfur (the amount accounts for about 3% of the actual weight of special fertilizer), waste bacteria stick 166.7kg, adjust the peat 125kg that organic matter is used, above-mentioned each raw material mixes homogeneously after pulverizing (can add the conditioner such as kaolin etc. for bonding in right amount), compatibility granulation, promptly becomes the organic matter content ≥ 20% provided by the present invention. (Quality) Special fertilizer for pollution reduction of inorganic vegetables (leafy vegetables).

2) Weigh 325.2kg of urea, 190.5kg of diammonium phosphate and 183.3kg of potassium chloride, equivalent to 160kg, 80kg and 110kg of N, P ₂ O ₅ and K ₂ O, respectively, and weigh the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide 16kg of amine (about 10% of the available nutrient of nitrogen fertilizer) or 10kg of imidazole (about 6% of the available nutrient of nitrogen fertilizer), 32kg of heavy metal passivator sulfur (the amount accounts for about 3% of the actual weight of special fertilizer), and the above-mentioned raw materials are pulverized After mixing evenly (can add an appropriate amount of bonding conditioner such as kaolin, etc.), compatibility and granulation, it becomes the special fertilizer for pollution reduction of inorganic vegetables (leaf vegetables) provided by the present invention.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of pollution-reducing special fertilizer that is used for leaf vegetables production, it comprises nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, wherein available nutrient is N, P ₂O ₅And K ₂O, it is characterized in that in this special use fertilizer, being added with Dyhard RU 100 or imidazoles as nitrification inhibitor, and be added with as the waste mushroom stick of heavy metal deactivator and (or) sulphur, wherein the consumption of nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 or imidazoles accounts for 6～12% of nitrogenous fertilizer available nutrient content, the heavy metal deactivator waste mushroom stick accounts for 13～20% of special-purpose fat thing weight, and the consumption of sulphur accounts for 2～5% of special-purpose fat thing weight.

2, the pollution-reducing special fertilizer that is used for leaf vegetables production according to claim 1 is characterized in that effective constituent N, P in described nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer ₂O ₅And K ₂The weight ratio of O is chosen as 1: 0.36～and 0.72: 0.44～0.83.

3, the pollution-reducing special fertilizer that is used for leaf vegetables production according to claim 1 is characterized in that effective constituent N, P in described nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer ₂O ₅And K ₂The preferred weight ratio of O is 1: 0.40～0.57: 0.50～0.69.