CN101168763B - Method for preparing nano natural silk protein powder - Google Patents

Method for preparing nano natural silk protein powder Download PDF

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CN101168763B
CN101168763B CN2007100929696A CN200710092969A CN101168763B CN 101168763 B CN101168763 B CN 101168763B CN 2007100929696 A CN2007100929696 A CN 2007100929696A CN 200710092969 A CN200710092969 A CN 200710092969A CN 101168763 B CN101168763 B CN 101168763B
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silk fibroin
silk
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powder
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CN101168763A (en
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陈忠敏
郝雪菲
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Chongqing Huisen Chiheng Medical Equipment Co ltd
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Chongqing University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纳米蚕丝丝素蛋白粉的制备方法,即用50~60wt%NaSCN或LiBr∶CH3OH∶H2O(重量比40~60∶22~42∶10~30)混合溶剂溶解丝素蛋白——用水透析浓缩——用α-糜蛋白酶或中性蛋白酶酶解,最后用冷冻干燥法或经离心后蒸发干燥收集。本方法得到的纳米颗粒大小为80~500nm。本项目具有制备工艺简单易行,可大批量、工业化生产的优点,同时得到的纳米丝素蛋白粉末颗粒均匀、大小适中,利于应用。The invention discloses a preparation method of nano-silk fibroin protein powder, which uses 50-60 wt% NaSCN or LiBr: CH 3 OH: H 2 O (weight ratio 40-60: 22-42: 10-30) mixed solvent Dissolve silk fibroin—concentrate by dialysis with water—enzyme hydrolyze with α-chymotrypsin or neutral protease, and finally collect by lyophilization or evaporation after centrifugation. The size of the nanoparticles obtained by the method is 80-500nm. This project has the advantages of simple preparation process, large-scale and industrialized production, and the obtained nano-silk fibroin powder has uniform particles and a moderate size, which is conducive to application.

Description

A kind of preparation method of nano natural silk protein powder
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing natural silk to prepare nano level silk fibroin powder, belong to function nano material technology field.
Background technology
The function nano material is field the most dynamic in the nanometer material science, and it can be applied to high-tech areas such as chemical industry, biology, the energy, environment, and the generation far-reaching influence also has broad application prospects.Can be applied in fields such as organizational project, regenerative medicine material and physiologically acceptable boundary material as nano meter biomaterial.When the application of physiologically acceptable boundary material, it mainly is to pass through laminated assembling technology, realization comprises that protein, DNA and polyelectrolyte etc. are in the assembling on numerous base materials under the condition of gentleness, not only realized structural simulation to natural biologic material, and can obtain surperficial stratiform biomaterial, solve the biocompatibility key issue of some materials, can be applied to as cell growth support, medicament slow release material, enzyme and scopes such as imitative enzyme carrier and bio-sensing modulator material.And the nanometer chemical materials, can add by chemical reaction or physics give chemical materials such as degraded, catalysis, smelly function such as antibiotic disappears.
Just because of the function nano material has great using value, how to prepare and just Cheng Liao expert, scholar's research focus of application function nano material.Natural silk is to be made of special amino acid, and it has possessed the very big using value as biology, weaving, fine chemistry industry material, and is very active to the preparation technology and the method research of its nano level silk fibroin powder.The present industrial nano level silk fibroin powder, preparation method thereof that still do not have, the industrial now situation that has the employing mechanical crushing method to prepare silk fibroin powder, but be subjected to the restriction of size reduction machinery technology, can only make micron particles, and micron particles and nano-scale particle, its range of application and effect are inconsistent.For the preparation of silk fibroin powder nano-scale particle, all be in laboratory stage at present.Such as application number is " 200610039191.8 "; denomination of invention discloses so a kind of method for the Chinese invention patent application of " silk nano granular of immobilized enzyme and preparation method thereof "; it has adopted water-soluble fibroin solution and can mix with miscible proton type organic solvent or the aprotic, polar type organic solvent of water; forming milky spherical particle is dispersed in the organic solvent system; obtain nano thread crude granule mixed solution or suspension; remove organic solvent; obtain silk nano granular suspension or fibroin nanometer powder, the nano particle that makes is about 35~125nm.In this method, insoluble or be insoluble in water as fibrinous silk fibroin, and do not point out the preparation method of water-soluble fibroin solution in this patent, simultaneously water-soluble fibroin solution with can with water miscible proton type organic solvent or aprotic, polar type organic solvent mixing process in, the fibroin stripping is low, loss is big, and the preparation difficulty is big, yield is low, be difficult to industrialized deficiency so exist.Also has a Chinese invention patent (patent No. is that " 200410016856.4 ", denomination of invention are " fibroin Nano microsphere and preparation method thereof ") utilization biological nano technology, make silk protein that self-assembly take place under proper condition and form Nano microsphere, the nano particle that makes is about 80~3000nm.This method also exists the preparation difficulty big, is difficult to industrialized deficiency, and also there is big, the uneven problem of nano particle difference in size in this patent simultaneously.
The patent No. is that " 02138016.3 ", denomination of invention also disclose a kind of method for preparing silk fibroin for the Chinese invention patent of " a kind of preparation method of bioactive peptide-silk fibroin peptide ", it is a raw material with leftover bits and pieces silk cocoon or useless silk, through the Na of 0.3-1.0% (w/v) 2CO 3After solution is concise, with the CaCl of 20-60% (w/w) 2The solution heating for dissolving gets molten silk liquid, at pH2.5-12.0, with proteolytic enzyme molten silk liquid is carried out enzymatic hydrolysis reaction under 30-80 ℃, removes the CaCl of enzymolysis solution middle and high concentration again with nanofiltration 2Salt, to the concentrated solution spraying drying promptly.Though this method can make the silk fibroin powder, particle is big, can't reach nano level, and this is because CaCl 2This metal-salt, the Ca ion can be wrapped in the fibroin by complexing when the dissolving fibroin, also the Ca ion can't be removed even if carry out aqueous solution dialysis, and this technology is not remove CaCl 2Situation under the enzyme digestion reaction that carries out, except the formation of fibroin-Ca ionic complex has influenced enzyme digestion reaction, has reduced the hydrolysis result CaCl 2Existence in whole enzymolysis system also will make its Ca ion and proteolytic enzyme form chelation structure, make enzyme digestion reaction be difficult to normally carry out thereby cause enzyme to lose activity.Be to remove CaCl behind the first enzymolysis 2Technical process, be the purpose that can't reach preparation nano level silk fibroin powder.
Summary of the invention
At the prior art above shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing natural silk to prepare nano level silk fibroin powder, present method is simple for process, be fit to industrialization, production in enormous quantities, gained protein powder uniform particles is of moderate size, and is beneficial to application.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of preparation method of nano natural silk protein powder is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1., purified fibroin raw material added carries out in the salts solution of capacity that salt is molten to obtain molten silk liquid, described salts solution is 50~60wt%NaSCN or by LiBr, CH 3OH and H 2O three is by weight 40~60: 22~42: 10~30 organic-inorganic mixed solvents that are made into;
2., molten silk liquid that the first step is obtained dialyses, and obtains silk fibroin water solution;
3., second silk fibroin water solution that obtain of step is carried out enzymolysis, enzymolysis proteolytic enzyme is Chymetin or neutral protease;
4., the dry collection of enzymolysis solution promptly got silk fibroin powder.
The preparation method of described fibroin raw material is: will discard cocoon shell or waste silk and soak to remove waxy substance (discarded cocoon shell immersion 48 hours wherein with ether compound, waste silk soaked 24 hours), wash with water to boil with ethanol again after the drying and removed carbohydrate and ash content in 1 hour, after cleaning, in water, boil again, wash the pure fibroin that obtains with water drying for standby to slough silk gum.
Described enzyme solution is: silk fibroin water solution is heated in 70~80 ℃ of water-baths takes out behind the 5min and adjust pH, add the proteolytic enzyme of enzymolysis aequum, stir hydrolysis to the enzymolysis desirable value, through after certain reaction times with the enzyme deactivation stopped reaction.
If enzymolysis proteolytic enzyme is Chymetin, then the pH value transfers to 5.5~7.5 with 25% ammonia solution, add proteolytic enzyme 37 ℃ ± 3 ℃ stir the about 1~1.5h of hydrolysis down after, solution is put into-40 ℃ and is frozen the storehouse and allow the enzyme deactivation stopped reaction.
If enzymolysis proteolytic enzyme is neutral protease, then the pH value transfers to 6.0~7.5 with 25% ammonia solution, add proteolytic enzyme 50~55 ℃ stir the about 1~1.5h of hydrolysis down after, solution is put into-40 ℃ and is frozen the storehouse and allow the enzyme deactivation stopped reaction.
Compare prior preparation method, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because Chymetin or neutral protease have the enzyme of silk fibroin is cut strong, the even advantage of enzyme chopping fibroin of function, so the silk fibroin uniform particles that obtains is of moderate size, be beneficial to application, granular size is 80~500nm.This nano thread fibroin can be used as cosmetics additive less than the human skin pore size.
2, present method technology is simple, is easy to realize that the single preparation amount is big, and is raw materials used for discarded silk, for the leftover bits and pieces raw material utilizes category again, possessed the application prospect in field of functional materials.
3, salts solution and the enzymolysis protein enzyme low price selected for use of present method, preparation cost is low.
4, yield height of the present invention can reach 65~80%.
Based on above-mentioned advantage, so the present invention can carry out in enormous quantities, suitability for industrialized production.
Experiment shows that the nano thread fibroin powder of present method preparation has anti-microbial property, can be used as biomaterial and uses, and also can be used as functional fiber and substance thereof, and the while also can be used as the food interpolation, the fine chemistry industry goods add material and are applied.
Description of drawings
The protein powder particle that Fig. 1-the present invention uses the Chymetin enzymolysis to obtain;
The protein powder particle that Fig. 2-the present invention uses neutral protease enzymolysis to obtain;
Fig. 3-sample is cultivated the fungistatic effect figure behind the staphylococcus aureus on every side.
Embodiment
The present invention is with 50~60wt%NaSCN salts solution or LiBr, CH 3OH and H 2(weight ratio 40~60: 22~42: 10~30) mixed solvent that is made into of three dissolves silk fibroin to O, carry out the enzymolysis refinement with Chymetin or neutral protease again after dialysis concentrates and prepare evengranular nano thread fibroin powder, its nano particle size is 80~500nm.With the nano-grade silk silk fibroin powder uniform particles that present method makes, technology is simple, and is raw materials used for discarded silk, for the leftover bits and pieces raw material utilizes category again, possessed the application prospect in field of functional materials such as biomaterials.
Introduce the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
1. at first obtain the fibroin fiber raw material
Discarded cocoon shell or waste silk are soaked to remove waxy substance (discarded cocoon shell immersion 48 hours wherein with ether compound, waste silk soaked 24 hours), wash with water to boil with ethanol again after the drying and removed carbohydrate and ash content in 1 hour, after cleaning, in water, boil again, wash the pure fibroin that obtains with water drying for standby to slough silk gum.After purifying with carmine picric acid solution method check silk gum, wash the pure fibroin that obtains with water drying for standby.
The preparation of fibroin is not limited to aforesaid method, also can adopt traditional other fibroin preparation method to obtain.
2. the preparation of silk fibroin water solution
The salts solution of dissolving fibroin fiber can be by weight 40~60: 22~42: 10~30 (best proportioning is 50: 32: 10) preparation LiBr, CH 3OH and H 2The organic-inorganic mixed solvent that O three forms also can be 50~60wt%NaSCN salts solution.The pure fibroin fiber that obtains in the last step is dissolved in the solvent of preparing above.The amount of salts solution gets final product fully dissolving fibroin fiber.
3. stand-by after dialysing, concentrating.
4. regenerated silk protein powder enzymolysis (enzymolysis can adopt two kinds of proteolytic enzyme, and a kind of is Chymetin, and a kind of is neutral protease)
(1) enzymolysis of Chymetin: through fixed molten and mensuration, the used silk fibroin peptide solution of the present invention concentration is all in 2~5mg/ml scope.Take out after the beaker that silk fibroin water solution is housed is placed in 70~80 ℃ of water-baths heating 5min, solution is adjusted pH to 5.5~7.5 with 25% ammonia solution, according to silk fibroin: the Chymetin weight ratio is (in reality also can adopt other ratio add at 10: 1, as long as the add-on of enzyme can be guaranteed the abundant enzymolysis of silk fibroin powder) ratio add Chymetin, 37 ℃ down stir the about 1.5h of hydrolysis after, solution is directly put into-40 ℃ and is frozen the storehouse and allow the enzyme deactivation stopped reaction.The silk fibroin powder evaporates down at 60 ℃ with the centrifugal back of whizzer and obtained dried powder in 48 hours behind the enzymolysis.Yield about 65~80%.The size of powder is observed and is undertaken by field emission scanning electron microscope, observes it for big or small ball-type powder between the 80nm to 500nm, sees figure one, and a and b are the sectional drawing of different positions.
(2) enzymolysis of neutral protease: through fixed molten and mensuration, the used silk fibroin peptide solution of the present invention concentration is all in 2~5mg/ml scope.Take out after the beaker that silk fibroin water solution is housed is placed in 70~80 ℃ of water-baths heating 5min, solution is adjusted about pH to 6.0~7.5 with 25% ammonia solution, according to silk fibroin: the neutral protease weight ratio is (in reality also can adopt other ratio add at 10: 1, as long as the add-on of enzyme can be guaranteed the abundant enzymolysis of silk fibroin powder) ratio add neutral protease, 50~55 ℃ down stir the about 1.5h of hydrolysis after, solution is directly put into-40 ℃ and is frozen the storehouse and allow the enzyme deactivation stopped reaction.The silk fibroin powder evaporates down at 60 ℃ with the centrifugal back of whizzer and obtained dried powder in 48 hours behind the enzymolysis.Yield about 65~70%.The size of powder is observed and is undertaken by field emission scanning electron microscope, observes it for big or small ball-type powder between the 80nm to 500nm, sees figure two, and a and b are the sectional drawing of different positions.
The silk fibroin powder can also adopt freeze-drying to collect except above-mentioned centrifugal back evaporation drying collection obtains.
Antibacterial experiment
Use extractum carnis, peptone, sodium-chlor, water to make substratum.Agar powder is the inoculation streptococcus aureus after the dissolving sterilization, maconkey agar inoculation intestinal bacteria.
Cultured intestinal bacteria and streptococcus aureus are taken out, coating method is inoculated into culture dish respectively with two kinds of bacteriums, silk-protein peptide powder, zinc phthalocyanine powder and zinc phthalocyanine-silk fibroin peptide powder is distinguished inoculation culture 18 hours, observe the growing state of bacterium.Entire operation is all carried out at the aseptic technique platform.
Experiment shows, the nano natural silk protein powder of the present invention's preparation possesses stronger anti-microbial property, shown in figure three, wherein scheming a is the silk fibroin peptide powder antibiogram that 50~60wt%NaSCN dissolving obtains, and figure b is the silk fibroin nanometer powder antibiogram behind the enzymolysis.

Claims (2)

1.一种纳米蚕丝丝素蛋白粉的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括以下步骤:1. A preparation method for nano silk fibroin protein powder, characterized in that: it comprises the following steps: ①、将废弃茧壳或废丝用醚类化合物浸泡以除去其中的蜡质物,废弃茧壳浸泡48小时,废丝浸泡24小时,用水洗涤干燥后再用乙醇煮沸1小时除去碳水化合物及灰分,经洗净后再在水中煮沸以脱去丝胶,将得到的纯净丝素用水洗涤干燥,得到纯净的丝素原料;①. Soak waste cocoon shells or waste silk with ether compounds to remove the waxy matter, soak waste cocoon shells for 48 hours, soak waste silk for 24 hours, wash and dry with water, and then boil with ethanol for 1 hour to remove carbohydrates and ash , after washing, boil in water to remove sericin, wash and dry the obtained pure silk fibroin with water, and obtain pure silk fibroin raw material; ②、将纯净的丝素原料加入足量的盐溶液中进行盐解得到溶丝液,所述盐溶液为50~60wt%NaSCN或由LiBr、CH3OH和H2O三者按重量比40~60∶22~42∶10~30配成的有机无机混合溶剂;②. Add pure silk fibroin raw materials into a sufficient amount of salt solution for salt solution to obtain a silk solution. The salt solution is 50-60 wt% NaSCN or LiBr, CH 3 OH and H 2 O in a weight ratio of 40 ~60:22~42:10~30 organic-inorganic mixed solvent; ③、将第二步得到的溶丝液进行透析,得到丝素蛋白水溶液;③. Dialyzing the silk solution obtained in the second step to obtain an aqueous silk fibroin solution; ④、将第三步得到的丝素蛋白水溶液进行酶解,酶解用蛋白酶为α-糜蛋白酶;所述酶解方法为:将丝素蛋白水溶液在70~80℃水浴中加热5min左右后取出并用氨溶液调整pH至5.5~7.5,加入酶解所需量的蛋白酶在37℃±3℃下搅拌水解1~1.5h后,将溶液放入-40℃冻库中让酶失活停止反应;④. Enzymolyze the silk fibroin aqueous solution obtained in the third step, and the protease used for enzymatic hydrolysis is α-chymotrypsin; the enzymatic hydrolysis method is: heat the silk fibroin aqueous solution in a water bath at 70-80°C for about 5 minutes and then take it out And use ammonia solution to adjust the pH to 5.5-7.5, add the required amount of protease for enzymatic hydrolysis, stir and hydrolyze at 37°C±3°C for 1-1.5h, then put the solution into a freezer at -40°C to inactivate the enzyme to stop the reaction; ⑤、将酶解液干燥收集即得丝素蛋白粉。⑤. Dry and collect the enzymatic solution to obtain silk fibroin powder. 2.一种纳米蚕丝丝素蛋白粉的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括以下步骤:2. A preparation method of nano silk fibroin protein powder, characterized in that: it comprises the following steps: ①、将废弃茧壳或废丝用醚类化合物浸泡以除去其中的蜡质物,废弃茧壳浸泡48小时,废丝浸泡24小时,用水洗涤干燥后再用乙醇煮沸1小时除去碳水化合物及灰分,经洗净后再在水中煮沸以脱去丝胶,将得到的纯净丝素用水洗涤干燥,得到纯净的丝素原料;①. Soak waste cocoon shells or waste silk with ether compounds to remove the waxy matter, soak waste cocoon shells for 48 hours, soak waste silk for 24 hours, wash and dry with water, and then boil with ethanol for 1 hour to remove carbohydrates and ash , after washing, boil in water to remove sericin, wash and dry the obtained pure silk fibroin with water, and obtain pure silk fibroin raw material; ②、将纯净的丝素原料加入足量的盐溶液中进行盐解得到溶丝液,所述盐溶液为50~60wt%NaSCN或由LiBr、CH3OH和H2O三者按重量比40~60∶22~42∶10~30配成的有机无机混合溶剂;②. Add pure silk fibroin raw materials into a sufficient amount of salt solution for salt solution to obtain a silk solution. The salt solution is 50-60 wt% NaSCN or LiBr, CH 3 OH and H 2 O in a weight ratio of 40 ~60:22~42:10~30 organic-inorganic mixed solvent; ③、将第二步得到的溶丝液进行透析,得到丝素蛋白水溶液;③. Dialyzing the silk solution obtained in the second step to obtain an aqueous silk fibroin solution; ④、将第三步得到的丝素蛋白水溶液进行酶解,酶解用蛋白酶为中性蛋白酶;所述酶解方法为:将丝素蛋白水溶液在70~80℃水浴中加热5min左右后取出并用氨溶液调整pH至6.0~7.5,加入酶解所需量的蛋白酶在50~55℃下搅拌水解1~1.5小时后,将溶液放入-40℃冻库中让酶失活停止反应;④. Enzymolyze the silk fibroin aqueous solution obtained in the third step. The protease used for enzymatic hydrolysis is neutral protease; Adjust the pH of the ammonia solution to 6.0-7.5, add the required amount of protease for enzymatic hydrolysis, stir and hydrolyze at 50-55°C for 1-1.5 hours, then put the solution into a freezer at -40°C to inactivate the enzyme to stop the reaction; ⑤、将酶解液干燥收集即得丝素蛋白粉。⑤. Dry and collect the enzymatic solution to obtain silk fibroin powder.
CN2007100929696A 2007-11-09 2007-11-09 Method for preparing nano natural silk protein powder Expired - Fee Related CN101168763B (en)

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