CN101433556A - 含胎盘成分的保健品组合物及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
含胎盘成分的保健品组合物及制备方法。组合物以灵芝多糖和人胎盘粉末为基本有效成分,需要时还可加入维生素E、维生素C中的至少一种,与药学中可以接受的辅助成分共同组成,有效成分中灵芝多糖和以蛋白质量表示的人胎盘粉末的重量比为(1/0.1~5),优选(1/0.1~1)。经试验,本发明的该组合物不但能增强人体免疫能力,而且可延缓衰老,对老年斑或黄褐斑也有明显的消退功效,效果上可明显优于目前使用的同类含胎盘成分的药物和/或保健品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有增强人体免疫能力和延缓衰老功效的保健品组合物,具体讲是一种含有胎盘成分的保健品组合物,以及该保健品的制备方法。
背景技术
在目前已有研究的能具有增强人体免疫能力和延缓衰老功效的天然物质中,灵芝、特别是其最有效成分灵芝多糖,具有多种对人体有保健作用的生物活性成分,如能够活化免疫系统和诱导干扰素功能,使人体内的肿瘤细胞受到压抑,细胞的激素也会产生间接作用,从而阻断肿瘤细胞的生长,使肿瘤细胞死亡达到抗癌的目的;可以改善药物成放射线治疗引发的副作用,对肿瘤防治具有重要意义;对高/低血压有双向调节作用;改善高脂血症、降血糖作用;抗过敏反应等等。目前已有灵芝多糖保健品在实际使用,其主要功效是提高免疫力从而增强身体素质。
另一方面,哺乳动物的胎盘,特别是人胎盘,因含有许多重要的氨基酸、激素、生长因子等天然存在的具有生理功能和生物学活性的内源性生物活性物质,很早就已作为一种能具有多种生理活性和有益功效的药物和/或保健品的重要原料,如,以羊胎盘等动物胎盘为原料的多种药物或保健品的制品,以及含有人胎盘成分的紫河车胶囊、人胎盘片、人胎盘组织液等。由于内源性生物活性物质制品在应用中可避免许多其他类型药物的不良反应,特别是人胎盘,更是一种重要的和优良的人源性药物来源,已日益被重视并有广泛的研究和应用。例如,目前人胎盘制品在医学临床上已在皮肤科、妇科、外科中广泛应用,被用于治疗更年期综合症及多种慢性疾病。传统中医药学更早已认为其可具有滋补强壮、养血填精、祉肾壮阳、益气健脾等功效,可用于营养不良、食欲不振、神经衰弱、血少体虚、神虚阳痿、雀斑、面暗皮黑及一切内分泌失调等方面的治疗。
研究还发现,由于动物胎盘与人胎盘相比,在很多方面仍存在很多差异,特别是在氨基酸、激素、生长因子等主要成分及比例等方面有很大差异,因而影响了其营养价值和疗效,且因其含有非人源性的异体蛋白,容易发生排斥反应等。例如目前含有动物胎盘成分的保健食品主要还只是用于抑制老年斑或黄褐斑等方面。人胎盘则是一种优良的人源性药物,最符合对人体生物学的调节和治疗。但由于在对人胎盘原料进行处理时,传统的干燥方式是采用蒸、煮或烘烤等手段,因而会导致如酶、激素等受热不稳定成分的破坏,影响了其功效的发挥,也浪费了来源并不充裕的重要资源。
发明内容
鉴于上述情况,本发明将提供一种含有胎盘成分的保健品组合物,以充分发挥其增强人体免疫能力和延缓衰老的功效。本发明进一步还将提供一种该保健品的制备方法。
本发明含胎盘成分的保健品组合物,是以灵芝多糖和人胎盘粉末为基本有效成分,与药学中可以接受的辅助成分共同组成,有效成分中灵芝多糖以蛋白质量表示的人胎盘粉末的重量比为1/(0.1~5),优选比例为1/(0.1~1)。
在上述组合物中,所说的人胎盘粉末以采用粒径为1μm~50μm的超微粉末,特别是于-40℃~-45℃和15Pa~25Pa条件下以冷冻升华方式得到的人胎盘干燥超微粉末为佳。
根据使用目的和应用对象的不同,在上述组合物的组成中,所说的有效成分中进一步还可以添加维生素E、维生素C中的至少一种。添加的量可以根据保健食品规定的允许用量范围确定,例如维生素E可以按20~100mg/天的用量比例,维生素C可以按50~300mg/天的用量比例添加。
本发明上述的保健品组合物,可以制成多种不同具体形式的产品,如软胶囊、硬胶囊、片剂等不同剂型形式。试验表明,其中以采用由所说的有效成分和辅助成分制备成的软胶囊制剂形式为佳,因为软胶囊的制剂本身是个密闭系统,可以掩盖不良气味、保证剂量准确,同时可以隔绝空气中的氧,有利于保持灵芝多糖和胎盘成分中的蛋白质、激素和维生素等的稳定,保证了疗效,提高了安全性。其中制备软胶囊时所用辅助成分可选聚乙二醇400、聚乙二醇6000中的一种或两种,或植物油,其中植物油可选自大豆油、玉米油、葵花油、大蒜油、紫苏油中的一种或多种。
本发明上述含胎盘成分的保健品组合物的制备,可以采用下述方式进行:将人胎盘在-40℃~-45℃条件下充分冷冻后,于15Pa~25Pa冷冻干燥后,粉碎至粒径为1μm~50μm的超微粉末,然后与灵芝多糖混合并制成胶囊、片剂等形式的产品。也可以将所得到人胎盘的超微粉末和灵芝多糖,以及再与维生素E、维生素C中的至少一种混合后,制成相应的产品。其中,优选的方式是以人胎盘的超微粉末和灵芝多糖,或再加入维生素E、维生素C中至少一种后的混合成分,与非油性基质聚乙二醇400、聚乙二醇6000中的一种或两种,或植物油中大豆油、玉米油、葵花油、大蒜油、紫苏油的一种或多种为辅助成分制备成软胶囊产品。
对比试验结果显示,本发明上述形式的保健品组合物,可以最大限度地保留人胎盘中的生物活性成分。通过按放射免疫测定法药盒说明书规定的操作方式,分别测定以传统处理方式和本发明上述方式得到的人胎盘成分中的促黄体生成素(LH),促滤泡成熟激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)人绒促性激素(HCG)等5种激素的结果,如表1所示。
表1 不同处理方法后制品中激素含量的测定结果
| 处理方法 | LH(Ng/ml) | FSH(mg/ml) | E2(mg/ml) | P(pg/ml) | HCG(ng/ml) |
| 传统方法 | 4 | 2.6 | 39.1 | 6.0 | 1.2 |
| 本发明方法 | 72.4 | 5.9 | 45.6 | 11.4 | 6.8 |
表1的结果表明,采用本发明方法得到的人胎盘中各成分的含量均高于或明显高于传统方法的产品,尤其以LH的保留结果最为显著,因而其不但能增强人体免疫能力,而且可延缓衰老,对老年斑或黄褐斑等也均有明显的消退功效,效果上可明显优于目前使用的同类含胎盘成分的药物和/或保健品,也极大地节约了人胎盘原料资源。
以下结合实施例的具体实施方式再对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。在不脱离本发明上述技术思想情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更,均应包括在本发明的范围内。
具体实施方式
实施例1
胎盘粉:将鲜人胎盘洗净血迹,除去羊膜和脐带,绞碎,于不锈钢盘中。置于冷冻干燥机中,-40℃~-45℃预冻10小时后,压力在15Pa时抽真空升华25小时,逐渐升温至0℃,保留2小时,调整压力至20Pa后,逐渐升温至25℃干燥10小时。将冻干样品置超微粉碎机中,于温度5~20℃下粉碎至粒径为1μm~50μm的超微粉末,备用。
实施例2
称取灵芝多糖200g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)50g,加入750g聚乙二醇400搅拌混匀,使成混悬液做为内容物;将明胶、水、甘油按1:1:0.3~0.5制成胶皮。将内容物与胶皮制备成软胶囊、干燥、整粒,包装即得。
实施例3
称取灵芝多糖200g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)50g,加入500g聚乙二醇650和100g聚乙二醇6000搅拌混匀,使成混悬液做为内容物;将明胶、水、甘油按1:1:0.3~0.5制成胶皮。将内容物与胶皮制备成软胶囊、干燥、整粒,包装即得。
实施例4
称取灵芝多糖150g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)150g,搅拌混匀,加入400g~700g大豆油或含有0.5%~4%的蜂蜡的大豆油中使成混悬液做为内容物;将明胶、水、甘油按1:1:0.3~0.5制成胶皮。将内容物与胶皮制备成软胶囊、干燥、整粒,包装即得。
实施例5
称取灵芝多糖200g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)20g,搅拌混匀,加入400g大豆油和350g玉米油(或葵花油、大蒜油、紫苏油)中使成混悬液作为内容物;将明胶、水、甘油按1:1:0.3~0.5制成胶皮。将内容物与胶皮制备成软胶囊、干燥、整粒,包装即得。
实施例6
称取灵芝多糖50g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)250g、维生素E3g,维生素C10g,加入400~700g大豆油中或含有0.5%~4%的蜂蜡的大豆油中,搅拌混匀,使成混悬液作为内容物;将明胶、水、甘油按1:1:0.3~0.5制成胶皮。将内容物与胶皮制备成软胶囊、干燥、整粒,包装即得。
实施例7
称取灵芝多糖200g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)100g、维生素E3g,加入400~700g大豆油中或含有0.5%~4%的蜂蜡的大豆油中,搅拌混匀,使成混悬液作为内容物;将明胶、水、甘油按1:1:0.3~0.5制成胶皮。将内容物与胶皮制备成软胶囊、干燥、整粒,包装即得。
实施例8
称取灵芝多糖200g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)100g、维生素C10g,加入400~700g大豆油中或含有0.5%~4%的蜂蜡的大豆油中,搅拌混匀,使成混悬液作为内容物;将明胶、水、甘油按1:1:0.3~0.5制成胶皮。将内容物与胶皮制备成软胶囊、干燥、整粒,包装即得。
实施例9
称取灵芝多糖200g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)50g、维生素E3g,维生素C10g,淀粉450g、糊精90g、蔗糖200g,混匀制成颗粒。60℃以下干燥,加入滑石粉8g,硬脂酸镁2g,混匀,装空心胶囊,即得硬胶囊。
实施例10
称取灵芝多糖100~500g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)10~50g、维生素E1~5g,淀粉250~450g、糊精45~100g、蔗糖50~100g,混匀制成颗粒。60℃以下干燥,加入滑石粉4~8g,硬脂酸镁0.5~2g,混匀,装空心胶囊,即得硬胶囊。
实施例11
称取灵芝多糖200g和胎盘粉(实施例1制备)100g混合,另取淀粉45克,糊精32克,蔗糖10g,分别粉碎过100目筛,上述原料混匀,加水制成软材,过30目制粒,60℃以下干燥,30目整粒,加滑石粉10g,硬脂酸镁3g,混匀,压制成1000片,包衣,即得片剂。
以下通过临床试验证明本发明的效果。
将实例2中制得的软胶囊,与用羊胎盘粉代替人胎盘粉,组分相同的情况下制得的硬胶囊比较试验。
以本发明组合物样品与对比例进行使用效果对比试验:
本发明组合物样品组成(0.25g/粒):含人胎盘粉12.5mg(以蛋白质计),灵芝多糖50mg。
对比例样品组成(0.25g/粒):含羊胎盘粉12.5mg、灵芝多糖50mg。
试验选择对象:每组各10人,本人自述和外表观察症状基本一致。
服用方法:每次口服2粒,每天3次,三个月后统计观察,结果如表2所示。
表2 对比试验结果
| 症状 | 脸色苍白 | 全身无力 | 睡眠不足 | 经常患感冒 |
| 本发明样品 | 红光满面10人 | 精力充沛10人 | 睡眠良好9人 | 明显减少8人 |
| 对比例样品 | 红光满面6人 | 精力充沛5人 | 睡眠良好4人 | 明显减少4人 |
表2的对比试验结果表明,本发明的组合物可以明显增强人体免疫能力,且明显优于羊胎盘成分的对比例制品。
Claims (10)
1.含胎盘成分的保健品组合物,其特征是以灵芝多糖和人胎盘粉末为基本有效成分,与药学中可以接受的辅助成分共同组成,有效成分中灵芝多糖和以蛋白质量表示的人胎盘粉末的重量比为1/(0.1~5)。
2.如权利要求1所述的含胎盘成分的保健品组合物,其特征是所说的有效成分中灵芝多糖和以蛋白质量表示的人胎盘粉末的重量比为1/(0.1~1)。
3.如权利要求1所述的含胎盘成分的保健品组合物,其特征是所说的人胎盘粉末是粒径为1μm~50μm的超微粉末。
4.如权利要求3所述的含胎盘成分的保健品组合物,其特征是所说的人胎盘粉末是于-40℃~-45℃和15Pa~25Pa条件下以冷冻升华方式得到的人胎盘干燥粉末。
5.如权利要求1所述的含胎盘成分的保健品组合物,其特征是所说的有效成分中还有维生素E、维生素C中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求1~5之一所述的含胎盘成分的保健品组合物,其特征是由所说的有效成分和辅助成分制备成的软胶囊制剂形式,其中的辅助成分为聚乙二醇或植物油。
7.如权利要求6所述的含胎盘成分的保健品组合物,其特征是所说的聚乙二醇为聚乙二醇400和聚乙二醇6000中的至少一种,所说的植物油为大豆油、玉米油、葵花油、大蒜油和紫苏油中的至少一种。
8.制备权利要求1所述的含胎盘成分的保健品组合物的方法,其特征是将人胎盘在-40℃~-45℃条件下充分冷冻后,于15Pa~25Pa冷冻干燥后,粉碎至粒径为1μm~50μm的超微粉末,然后与灵芝多糖混合制成胶囊或片剂形式的产品。
9.如权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征是将所得到人胎盘的超微粉末和灵芝多糖,以及维生素E、维生素C中的至少一种混合后,制成相应的产品。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的制备方法,其特征是以人胎盘的超微粉末和灵芝多糖,或还加入维生素E、维生素C中至少一种后的混合成分,与选自非油性基质聚乙二醇400、聚乙二醇6000中的至少一种,或选自大豆油、玉米油、葵花油、大蒜油、紫苏油中的至少一种为辅助成分制备成软胶囊。
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