CN101504792B - User side centralized control and centralized copy system based on wireless sensor network and optimization method - Google Patents
User side centralized control and centralized copy system based on wireless sensor network and optimization method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a centralized control and centralized metering system for the user side of a distribution network based on a wireless sensor network, which comprises a centralized control and centralized metering terminal and a plurality of wireless metering and control units, wherein the wireless metering and control units perform metering and control on electric devices on the user side of the distribution network, and transmit metered data to the centralized control and centralized metering terminal, and the centralized control and centralized metering terminal transmits a control command to the wireless metering and control units and receives the metered data transmitted by the wireless metering and control units; the plurality of wireless metering and control units and the centralized control and centralized metering terminal form the wireless sensor network; the centralized control and centralized metering terminal comprises an external memory, a first wireless radio-frequency unit, a first antenna, a first power management unit, an external interface unit and an embedded CPU; and each wireless metering and control unit comprises an input interface, an output interface, a second wireless radio-frequency unit, a second antenna, a second power management unit and a singlechip. The system has the advantages of quick response, high reliability, strong environmental adaptability and low power consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of collection and control system and method, collection and Control Network System and optimization method are concentrated in the robotization that particularly relates to a kind of electric energy meter meter, load control, distribution transformer monitoring.
Background technology
In order to realize the robotization of measuring control, power supply department solves an a series of management of power use difficult problems that exist at present in unremitting effort always, as the line loss height, manual metering efficient is low, the charge calculation real-time is poor, middle low-power user's monitoring, anti-electricity-theft, ration the power supply, to monitoring of critical point and distribution transforming metering or the like.
At above-mentioned, produced automatic collection thus and copied and distribution automation system, this system shows meter, distribution network terminal, main website back-stage management and database by intelligence and communication channel means is formed.For communication channel, this system can be divided into up channel (between main website and the distribution network terminal) and down channel (distribution network terminal and quantity huge table meter between) again.Because current main website background management system, database and intelligence table meter have been tending towards ripe, and extensive application along with 2.5G mobile digital net, up channel based on the GPRS communication network has marched toward the practicability stage, wherein, " last mile " be the down channel of last kilometer because number of users is big, site environment complexity (some even quite abominable), the telecommunication media quality is low, a series of difficult problems such as cost pressure is big have reached bottleneck, still do not have real feasible solution at present.
Retrievable in the market scheme can comprise wired RS485, power line carrier (PLC) and wireless point-to-point (hand-hold wireless PDA or radio meter register car) etc.Wherein, for wired RS485, it is as a kind of special-purpose wire communication channel, and reliable communications still as a kind of general scheme, couples together with connection from requiring that all are shown meter, and from the angle of engineering construction, cost and difficulty are all too big; And the power line carrier scheme since itself transmission reliability can not effectively solve; Wireless handheld PDA walk to copy with the radio meter register car because this body structure and technology, its real-time and efficient all can not guarantee, also is difficult to the bottleneck problem of the down channel of last kilometer is carried out the solution of essence.
Summary of the invention
In view of the metering and the control section of power distribution network user side in the prior art also rests on manual type, automaticity is not high, and there are the problems such as difficulty is big, transmission reliability is not high of implementing in existing Customer Premises Network, one of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of robotization, networking, intelligent problem that solves the metering and the control of power distribution network user side, and can make the user side centralized control and centralized copy system based on wireless sensor network that highly reliable, real-time, low-power consumption, last kilometer of power distribution network network that environmental suitability is strong become a reality.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical proposals:
Described user side centralized control and centralized copy system based on wireless sensor network comprises that collecting the control collection copies terminal and the wireless control device of copying of Duo Tai.Wherein, it mainly is to the wireless control device transmitting control commands of copying that described collection control collection is copied terminal, and receives and copy and accept data from the wireless control device place of copying, and finishes the management to whole wireless sensor network simultaneously; This collection control collection is copied terminal and is comprised embedded type CPU, external memory storage, first radio frequency units, first antenna, first Power Management Unit and external interface unit, wherein said embedded type CPU is connected with first radio frequency units, first Power Management Unit, external memory storage and external interface unit respectively, and described first radio frequency units also is connected in described first antenna and first Power Management Unit respectively.The described wireless control device of copying mainly is to finish the copying and accepting and controlling of the various power equipments of power distribution network user side, and will copy and accept data and send to collection control collection and copy terminal, and the control command that this is wireless copies the control device is copied terminal from collection control collection and obtained; This is wireless copy the control device comprise single-chip microcomputer, input interface, output interface, second radio frequency units, second antenna and second source administrative unit, wherein said single-chip microcomputer links to each other with described input interface, output interface, second radio frequency units and second source administrative unit respectively, described second radio frequency units be connected respectively second antenna and second source administrative unit.
The described wireless control device of copying collects to copy with collection control and carries out wireless connections between the terminal, and a plurality of wireless copying between the control device also can wirelessly link to each other, thereby copy control device and collection control and collect and copy when not stopping between the terminal wireless, the wireless control device of copying collects with collection control and copies between the terminal and can directly send and receive information, and copy with collection control collection when stopping arranged between the terminal at the wireless control device of copying, described each wirelessly copy the radio sensing network that control device and collection control collection are copied a multi-hop multirouting of terminal composition.
In addition, described at this based on the wireless sensor network user side centralized control and centralized copy system, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and realize that this described system is highly reliable, real-time, low-power consumption, cross-layer optimizing method that environmental suitability is strong, this method may further comprise the steps:
A, a plurality of wireless control device and collection control collection copied are copied the wireless sensor network that terminal forms and carried out topology division, determine the signal effective propagation path under maximum transmission power and minimum speed limit;
B, according to the signal effective propagation path to all wireless copy the control devices divide according to same area, adjacent area and zones of different, and utilize coloring principle go to the zone in all wireless copy the control devices divide into groups, determine the multi-access mode of wireless sensor network;
C, to copy terminal with collection control collection be that center and signal transmission distance are that reach is determined the multi-hop route step by step;
D, determine the transfer rate of each transmission paths;
Throughput demand and transmission rate allocation transmission time on E, the every transmission paths of foundation.
Compared to existing technology, of the present invention have following beneficial effect based on the wireless sensor network user side centralized control and centralized copy system:
1) system responses fast: adopt the wireless network design of cross-layer optimizing, data transfer delay is little.
2) good reliability: adopt multi-hop multirouting technology, have redundant data transfer path, make network itself have high reliability.
3) environmental suitability is strong: the networking process is finished automatically, and the scene need not manually to be provided with parameter; Adopt multi-hop wireless network, realize the non line of sight transmission.
4) low-power consumption: adopt the wireless network design of cross-layer optimizing, on the basis of satisfying the requirement of Network Transmission handling capacity, improved energy efficiency; Adopt the mixing multiple access technology of space division multiple access+time division multiple access (TDMA), reduce the phase mutual interference, effectively reduce through-put power.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is of the present invention based on wireless sensor network user side centralized control and centralized copy system structured flowchart;
Fig. 2 copies the structure composition diagram of terminal for the control of collection described in the present invention collection;
Fig. 3 is the wireless structure composition diagram of copying the control device described in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention is to the described method step synoptic diagram that is optimized based on the wireless sensor network user side centralized control and centralized copy system.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail based on the method that the wireless sensor network user side centralized control and centralized copy system is optimized based on the wireless sensor network user side centralized control and centralized copy system and at this of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete enforcement.
Shown in Fig. 1, comprise that based on the wireless sensor network user side centralized control and centralized copy system collection control collection is copied terminal 1 and wireless the copying of Duo Tai controlled device 2 described in the present invention; Wherein, each is wireless copies control device 2 for finishing the copying and accepting and controlling of the various power equipments of power distribution network user side, and the data of being copied and accepted are sent to collection control collection copies terminal 1; Described collection control collection is copied terminal 1 and is assigned control command and give and wirelessly to copy control device 2, and is received from the wireless data message that control device 2 sends of copying; This described each wireless copy control device 2 collect the distance of copying between the terminal 1 with collection control in actual applications can be different, and between may exist and stop, therefore certainly will have the wireless control device 2 of copying of part can not directly copy terminal 1 to collection control collection and send and receive information, described each wirelessly copied control device 2 and collection control collection is copied the wireless sensor network that terminal 1 is formed a multi-hop multirouting.
Refer again to shown in Fig. 2, described collection control collection is copied terminal 1 and is comprised embedded type CPU 10, external memory storage 11, first radio frequency units 12, first antenna 13, first Power Management Unit 14 and external interface 15.Wherein, described first antenna 13 is connected with the antennal interface of first radio frequency units 12, the FPDP of described first radio frequency units 12 is connected with a data port of embedded type CPU 10, and another FPDP of described embedded type CPU 10 is connected with the port of external interface unit 15, described external memory storage 11 is connected with embedded type CPU 10, and described first Power Management Unit 14 is connected with the power input mouth of each unit that need power; In addition, see shown in Fig. 2, described first Power Management Unit 14 links to each other with first radio frequency units 12 with embedded type CPU 10 respectively, during practical application, this described first Power Management Unit 14 both can be by external power source 3 transmission of electricity power supply, can externally transmit electricity again and adopt the internal battery power supply unusual the time.
Described external interface unit 15 can have GPRS4 interface and Ethernet interface 5 in practical application.
Shown in Fig. 3, the described wireless control device 2 of copying is as a node in the wireless sensor network, should transmit the information that oneself needs by other the wireless control device 2 of copying, be other wireless control device 2 trunk informations of copying again, it comprises input interface 21, output interface 22, single-chip microcomputer 20, second radio frequency units 23, second antenna 24 and second source administrative unit 25.Wherein, described input interface 21 1 ends connect the port of copying and accepting of power equipment (not shown), and the other end then is connected in the IO mouth of described single-chip microcomputer; Described output interface 22 1 ends connect the IO mouth of single-chip microcomputer, and the other end then connects the control port of power equipment.The FPDP of described single-chip microcomputer 20 is connected with the FPDP of second radio frequency units 23, and the antennal interface of described second radio frequency units 23 is connected to second antenna 24, to realize the reception and the transmission of data; Described second source administrative unit 23 is connected with the power input mouth of each unit that need power, see shown in Fig. 3, this second source administrative unit 25 both can be by outside transmission of electricity power supply, the battery 6 shown in Fig. 3 for example can externally be transmitted electricity again and be adopted the internal battery power supply unusual the time.
In addition, copy terminal 1 and describedly wirelessly copy that control device 2 and each are wireless copies wireless transmission between the control device 2 for adopting the MQAM modulation system for described collection control collection, index of modulation M wherein is adjustable; Described first antenna 13 and second antenna 24 are for adopting omnidirectional antenna; And copy terminal 1 by described collection control collection and describedly wirelessly copy wireless sensor network that control device 2 forms for being operated in ISM band, emissive power≤100mw that this frequency range is stipulated with many.
In addition, shown in Fig. 4, it is at the aforementioned method step figure that is optimized based on the wireless sensor network user side centralized control and centralized copy system.
At first, a plurality of wireless control device 2 and collection control collection copied are copied the wireless sensor network that terminal 1 forms and carried out topology division, promptly according to maximum transmission power P
MaxDetermine at minimum speed limit V
MinUnder signal effective propagation path d
Max(step 40); Wherein, described wireless sensor network is the 433MHz that is operated in ISM band, maximum transmission power P
Max=100mw.
Secondly, wireless sensor network is determined multi-access mode, promptly according to signal effective propagation path d
MaxAll wireless control devices 2 of copying are divided (wireless the copying between the transmission of control device that belongs to same area or adjacent area can produce interference) according to same area, adjacent area, non-conterminous zone; And utilize coloring principle the wireless control device of doing to divide 2 of copying to be divided into K group (K is relevant with distributed topology with the wireless control device quantity of copying) as grouping algorithm, and make same group the wireless control device 2 of copying to transmit simultaneously, adopt the space division multiple access mode.The wireless control device 2 of copying on the same group can not transmit simultaneously, adopts time division multiple access way (step 41).
Then, determine the route and the transmission path of wireless sensor network, because mainly finishing in wireless collection control collection diddle-net network of task is a collection control collection copies terminal 1 control command is sent to the wireless control device 2 of copying, and the wireless control device 2 of copying will be copied and accepted data and send to collection control collection and copy terminal 1, only there is the uplink and downlink both direction in the direction of data transmission, therefore can collect the control collection and copy terminal 1 and be the center, be that reach is determined multi-hop route (step 42) step by step with the signal transmission distance.
In addition, in order to improve the reliability of Network Transmission, in this optimization method, can allow the existence of redundant transmission paths.
In addition, according to the path of each transmission paths, determine the transfer rate of each transmission paths, determine the index of modulation of MQAM modulation thus according to different transfer rates, wherein, transmission path is short more, transfer rate is high more, and the index of modulation is also with regard to big more (step 43).
At last, copy speed that control device 2 produces the speed of data and needs relay data and determine throughput demand on each transmission paths according to wireless, and distribute the transmission time (step 44) according to this throughput of transmissions demand and transfer rate.
Claims (10)
1. user side centralized control and centralized copy system based on wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that, comprise that collecting the control collection copies terminal and the wireless control device of copying of Duo Tai, each is wireless copy the control device copy and accept and control the various power equipments of power distribution network user side, and the data of being copied and accepted are sent to collection control collection copy terminal, and collection control collection is copied terminal for assigning control command to the wireless control device of copying, and be received from the wireless data message that the control device sends of copying, wirelessly copy the control device and described collection control collection is copied the wireless sensor network that terminal constitutes a multi-hop multirouting for these described many; Wherein, the described wireless control device of copying comprises single-chip microcomputer, input interface, output interface, second radio frequency units, second antenna and second source administrative unit, described single-chip microcomputer links to each other with described input interface, output interface, second radio frequency units and second source administrative unit respectively, described second radio frequency units be connected respectively second antenna and second source administrative unit; Described collection control collection is copied terminal and is comprised embedded type CPU, external memory storage, first radio frequency units, first antenna, first Power Management Unit and external interface unit, wherein said embedded type CPU is connected with first radio frequency units, first Power Management Unit, external memory storage and external interface unit respectively, and described first radio frequency units also is connected in described first antenna and first Power Management Unit respectively.
2. according to the described user side centralized control and centralized copy system of claim 1, it is characterized in that described first antenna and second antenna are omnidirectional antenna based on wireless sensor network.
3. according to the described user side centralized control and centralized copy system of claim 1, it is characterized in that the external external power source of described first Power Management Unit based on wireless sensor network.
4. according to the described user side centralized control and centralized copy system of claim 1, it is characterized in that the external external cell of described second source administrative unit based on wireless sensor network.
5. according to the described user side centralized control and centralized copy system of claim 1, it is characterized in that terminal copied by described collection control collection and wireless copying in the control device comprises internal battery based on wireless sensor network.
6. according to the described user side centralized control and centralized copy system of claim 1 based on wireless sensor network, it is characterized in that, described power equipment comprises make a copy for port and control port, the described wireless input interface of copying the control device is connected in this described port of making a copy for, and output interface is connected in this described control port.
7. according to the described user side centralized control and centralized copy system of claim 1, it is characterized in that described wireless sensor network is operated in ISM band based on wireless sensor network.
8. the optimization method of the arbitrary described user side centralized control and centralized copy system based on wireless sensor network of claim 1 to 7 is characterized in that this optimization method may further comprise the steps:
A, a plurality of wireless control device and collection control collection copied are copied the wireless sensor network that terminal forms and carried out topology division, determine the signal effective propagation path under maximum transmission power and minimum speed limit;
B, according to the signal effective propagation path to all wireless copy the control devices divide according to same area, adjacent area and zones of different, and utilize coloring principle go to the zone in all wireless copy the control devices divide into groups, determine the multi-access mode of wireless sensor network;
C, to copy terminal with collection control collection be that center and signal transmission distance are that reach is determined the multi-hop route step by step;
D, determine the transfer rate of each transmission paths;
Throughput demand and transmission rate allocation transmission time on E, the every transmission paths of foundation.
9. optimization method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, comprises among the step B, and same group the wireless control device of copying promptly adopts the space division multiple access mode for transmission simultaneously; The wireless control device of copying on the same group can not transmit simultaneously, promptly adopts time division multiple access way.
10. optimization method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, comprises among the step D, and transmission path is short more, and transfer rate is high more, and the index of modulation is also just big more.
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| CN102074107B (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-06-12 | 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 | Positioning navigation meter reading handheld terminal |
| CN103023141B (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2015-06-03 | 浙江工商大学 | Non-invasive real-time power monitoring system based on wireless multi-hop network |
| CN107743092A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-27 | 深圳友讯达科技股份有限公司 | Path selecting method and device |
| CN110351680A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司信息中心 | A kind of smart grid information management system and method based on wireless sensor network |
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