CN101515744B - Alternate current synchronous generator - Google Patents
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- CN101515744B CN101515744B CN2008100079605A CN200810007960A CN101515744B CN 101515744 B CN101515744 B CN 101515744B CN 2008100079605 A CN2008100079605 A CN 2008100079605A CN 200810007960 A CN200810007960 A CN 200810007960A CN 101515744 B CN101515744 B CN 101515744B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an alternate current synchronous electric generator, which comprises an annular stator provided with an upper layer stator winding loop, a connection part, and a lower layer stator winding loop, 2N coil windings evenly distributed on the upper layer stator winding loop and the lower layer stator winding loop and arranged symmetrically, an inner rotor which is provided with an upper layer excitation pole and a lower layer excitation pole and is positioned in the annular stator, and an outer rotor which is provided with the upper layer excitation pole and the lower layer excitation pole and is positioned outside the annular stator, wherein the upper layer excitation poles and the low layer excitation poles of the inner rotor and the outer rotor have the same magnetism; the excitation poles of the inner rotor and the excitation poles of the outer rotor are positioned in one horizontal line; and the inner rotor and the outer rotor are fixed on the same transmission shaft and rotate synchronously and homodromously. The structure ensures that excitation magnetic flux Phi 1 and main magnetic flux Phi in the upper layer stator winding loop and the lower layer stator winding loop are vertical and form an angle of 90 degrees, and the excitation magnetic flux Phi 1 and the main magnetic flux Phi have respective magnetic flux path and do not influence each other, so that the alternate synchronous electric generator reduces anti-dragging electromagnetism moment (braking moment) in the process of generating electricity and running so as to improve the efficiencyof an electric generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of synchronous alternating-current generator, relate in particular to a kind of energy and reduce the anti-internal structure that drags electromagnetic torque (braking moment Brake Torque) synchronous alternating-current generator.
Background technology
Electric energy is one of topmost energy of modern society, generator is the plant equipment that the energy conversion of other form is become electric energy, it is driven by the hydraulic turbine, steam turbine, diesel engine or other dynamic power machines, the Conversion of energy that current, air-flow, fuel combustion or nuclear fission are produced is that mechanical energy is passed to generator, be converted to electric energy by generator again, the operation principle of generator is all based on the law of electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic force law; Generator has been widely used in industrial and agricultural production, national defence, science and technology and daily life.
Synchronous generator is the alternating current generator of current main-stream, and different with induction machine is that its operation logic is not to obtain electric current and torque through induction.Motor is dragged by prime mover, can produce alternating current,
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural model schematic diagram of revolving field type synchronous alternator the most frequently used in the prior art.As shown in the figure, synchronous alternator is made up of fixing stator and rotatable rotor two large divisions.The interior circle of its stator core is uniform-distribution with stator slot, is embedding the single-phase or three-phase symmetrical alternating current winding of arranging according to certain rules in the groove.The stator of this synchronous alternator is called armature again, and stator core and winding are called armature core and armature winding again.The paired magnetic pole of making definite shape is housed on the rotor core, be wound with excitation winding on the magnetic pole, when passing to direct current, will in motor is in armature, justify and rotor magnetic pole between air gap in form the alternate distributed magnetic field of polarity, be called excitation field (also claiming main field, rotor field).
Excitation winding passes to the DC excitation electric current, sets up the alternate excitation field of polarity, promptly sets up main field.Prime mover drags rotor rotation (to motor input mechanical energy), and the alternate excitation field of polarity rotates with axle and each phase winding of cutting stator (the conductor reverse cut excitation field that is equivalent to winding) in turn.Because the relative cutting movement between armature winding and the main field will induce size and Orientation by periodically variable alternating potential in the armature winding.According to faradic Changing Pattern in the Faraday's electromagnetic induction law analysis generator as can be known, induced electromotive force or induced current intercropping sinusoidal variations at any time promptly produce alternating current, and this alternating current is exported by lead-out wire, can provide AC power to load.
Produce the faradic while when coil moves in magnetic field, coil also will be subjected to the inhibition of ampere moment.Therefore, for the uniform rotation (continue generating) of hold-in winding in magnetic field, the constantly acting with regard to relying on the external world constantly to overcome braking moment promptly must consume the energy of extraneous other form.Be existing generator such as hydraulic generator, turbo generator or wind-driven generator, former drawing force all will overcome the anti-drawing torque of generator, that is to say that overcoming the braking moment acting just can send electric energy.
Therefore, how to develop and a kind of synchronous alternating-current generator, the braking moment so that the electromagnetic torque that reduces winding produces on mechanics excitatory magnetic pole promptly reduces the anti-drawing torque that former drawing force overcomes generator, improve the efficient of generator, real in pressing for the problem of solution at present.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency in view of above-mentioned technology the objective of the invention is to, and transforms by the internal structure to motor, and a kind of not anti-synchronous alternating-current generator that drags electromagnetic torque promptly is provided.
The objective of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions:
A kind of one-way synchronization alternating current generator comprises ring-type stator, a 2N coil windings, internal rotor and two external rotors; Described ring-type stator comprises upper strata stator winding ring, connecting portion and lower floor's stator winding ring; A described 2N coil windings is evenly distributed on the upper and lower layer stator winding ring, and the levels coil windings is symmetrical arranged; Wherein, N is the even-multiple more than or equal to 4; Described internal rotor is positioned at described ring-type stator, and it comprises two-layer up and down, wherein, describedly two-layerly up and down respectively comprise 2 horizontally disposed excitatory magnetic poles with single magnetic, and described bilevel connecting portion also is provided with excitation winding; And described two external rotors are positioned at outside the described ring-type stator, and it comprises two-layer up and down, wherein, describedly two-layerly up and down respectively comprise a horizontally disposed excitatory magnetic pole with single magnetic, and described bilevel connecting portion also are provided with excitation winding; Wherein, the magnetic of the bilevel excitatory magnetic pole of described internal rotor and external rotor is identical; The excitatory magnetic pole of described external rotor and a pair of excitatory magnetic pole of internal rotor are on a horizontal line, and described internal rotor and external rotor are fixed on the same power transmission shaft, and rotation synchronously in the same way.
As described according to a preferred embodiment of the invention synchronous alternator, wherein, the connecting portion of described ring-type stator is cylindric fence ring, have equally distributed fence groove on the described fence ring, described levels coil windings is passed through respectively on the upper and lower layer stator winding ring that described fence groove is fixed on described ring-type stator.
As described according to a preferred embodiment of the invention synchronous alternator, wherein, described levels coil windings is a full-pitched coil, and the width of each coil on described upper and lower layer stator winding ring is the width of excitatory magnetic pole.
As described according to a preferred embodiment of the invention synchronous alternator, wherein, the described upper strata excitatory magnetic pole of rotor is the N utmost point, and the excitatory magnetic pole of lower floor's rotor is the S utmost point, and the described relative coil windings serial or parallel connection of two-layer level up and down is connected together.
As described according to a preferred embodiment of the invention synchronous alternator, wherein, described N is 4, and four relative coil windings serial or parallel connections of described upper and lower two-layer level are connected together.
The present invention also provides a kind of three-phase synchronous alternator, it is characterized in that, comprise three synchronous alternators according to claim 1, the main shaft of described three one-way communication synchronous generators rotates synchronously, and the plus pole of described three one-way communication synchronous generators differs 120 °, perhaps, the winding of described three one-way communication synchronous generators 120 ° of coilings of mutual deviation on ring-type track ring up and down.
As described according to a preferred embodiment of the invention three-phase synchronous alternator, wherein, the main shaft of described synchronous generator is by rotating synchronously with 25 revolutions per seconds in the same way.
From technique scheme as can be seen, a kind of synchronous alternator structure provided by the present invention, this structure has guaranteed magnetic flux φ
1Vertical at an angle of 90 mutually with main flux φ in the upper and lower stator winding ring, magnetic flux φ
1Walk each flux path separately with main flux φ, do not disturb mutually, be that the upper and lower layer of synchronous alternating-current generator track ring magnetic circuit principle is according to the invention of Rowland ring (it is close around the screw thread loop wire to survey the magnetizing mediums magnetic permeability mu) principle, so hollow and ring excircle are pressed Amp in the upper and lower layer track ring ring, the outer B=0 of ring in the ring, thus, make synchronous alternating-current generator of the present invention in generator operation, overcome the anti-electromagnetic torque (braking moment) that drags and obtained minimizing, thereby improved the efficient of generator.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a generator internal structure schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the internal structure vertical view of embodiment of the invention generator;
Fig. 3 is internal structure side (the fence ring and the external rotor that promptly the comprise the ring-type stator) schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention generator;
Fig. 4 is internal structure section (promptly comprising upper strata and lower floor's stator, internal rotor and the external rotor) schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention generator.
Embodiment
Above-mentioned and other technical characterictic and beneficial effect will be elaborated to the one-way communication synchronous generator and the three-phase synchronous AC generator of the embodiment of the invention in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Need to prove that one-way synchronization alternating current generator of the present invention comprises ring-type stator, a 2N coil windings (being that the N that comprised of levels stator winding ring is to coil windings), internal rotor and two external rotors; Wherein, the span of N can be for more than or equal to 4 even-multiple; Coil windings is evenly distributed on the upper and lower layer stator winding ring, be to be distributed with N on the stator winding ring of upper strata, be distributed with N on lower floor's stator winding ring, and, each coil windings all can connect load, perhaps, 4 relative coil windings of upper and lower two-layer level can be connected together by serial or parallel connection.
Preferably, the levels coil windings of described ring-type stator 6 is a full-pitched coil, that is to say, the width of each coil on described upper and lower layer stator winding ring is the width of excitatory magnetic pole.
See also Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 2 is the structure schematic top plan view of a most preferred embodiment of one-way synchronization alternating current generator of the present invention; Fig. 3 is internal structure side (the fence ring and the external rotor that promptly the comprise the ring-type stator) schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention generator; Fig. 4 is internal structure section (promptly comprising upper strata and lower floor's stator, internal rotor and the external rotor) schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention generator.
(suppose that N is 4) in the embodiments of the invention, ring-type stator 6 comprises upper strata stator winding ring, connecting portion and lower floor's stator winding ring; Described eight coil windings are evenly distributed on the upper and lower layer stator winding ring, and the specification of coil windings, line footpath, the number of turn, from beginning to end, around to all identical.As shown in the figure, four coil windings (A are arranged
On 1, A
On 2, B
On 1, B
On 2) be evenly distributed on the upper strata stator winding ring (upper strata stator core), be 90 ° of distributions each other between four coil windings substantially; Equally, four coil windings (A on lower floor's stator winding ring
1 time, A
2 times, B
2 times, B
2 times) be evenly distributed on lower floor's stator winding ring (lower floor's stator core), also be 90 ° of distributions each other between four coil windings substantially, and the coil windings on the upper and lower layer stator winding ring is symmetrical arranged.
As shown in Figure 3, the connecting portion of ring-type stator 6 can be cylindric fence ring, has equally distributed fence groove 7 on the described fence ring, and described levels coil windings is passed through respectively on the upper and lower layer stator winding ring that described fence groove 7 is fixed on ring-type stator 6.
Please consult Fig. 4 in conjunction with Fig. 2, the label the 9,13,15, the 19th shown in the figure, the section of upper strata stator core and lower floor's stator core, the overall structure of this generator can guarantee that the magnetic of bilevel excitatory magnetic pole of described internal rotor and external rotor is identical; The a pair of excitatory magnetic pole of excitatory magnetic pole of described internal rotor and external rotor is on a horizontal line.
As shown in the figure, internal rotor 1 is positioned at described ring-type stator 6, it comprises two-layer up and down, wherein, described two-layer up and down 2 the horizontally disposed excitatory magnetic poles that respectively comprise with single magnetic, in the present embodiment, described internal rotor 1 bilevel connecting portion also is provided with excitation winding, after excitation winding was led to direct current by the sense of current shown in Figure 4, the excitatory magnetic pole of upper strata rotor of internal rotor 1 was the N utmost point, and the excitatory magnetic pole of lower floor's rotor is the S utmost point.
Two external rotors (external rotor 2 and external rotor 3) are positioned at outside the described ring-type stator 6, it also comprises be oppositely arranged two-layer up and down, wherein, the described two-layer up and down horizontally disposed excitatory magnetic pole that respectively comprises with single magnetic, and described bilevel connecting portion also is provided with excitation winding, after excitation winding was led to direct current by the sense of current shown in Figure 4, even the excitatory magnetic pole of upper strata rotor of two external rotors is the N utmost point, the excitatory magnetic pole of lower floor's rotor was the S utmost point.
The magnetic line of force φ as shown in Figure 3 that excitation winding energising back on two external rotors and the internal rotor 1 produces
1, among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shown in the label 11,18 is generator excitation magnetic flux φ
1Trend.
In the present embodiment, internal rotor 1 and two external rotors are to be fixed on the same power transmission shaft, externally under the effect of mechanical drawing force, rotate synchronously in the same way; For example, power transmission shaft can be in the direction of the clock (F among Fig. 2 to), with 25 revolutions per seconds speed internal rotor 1, external rotor 2 and external rotor 3 rotated synchronously.Internal rotor 1 and two external rotors in ring-type stator 6 rotation processes, coil windings A
On 1, A
On 2, B
On 1, B
On 2, A
1 time, A
2 times, B
1 time, B
2 timesPerpendicular to passing magnetic line of force φ
1Coil side, carry out the motion of cutting magnetic line, in coil windings, produce induced current, shown in label among Fig. 48,12,14,20 is A
On 1, A
On 2, A
1 time, A
2 timesSense of current in the winding.
As shown in Figure 4, be example with the upper coil winding, as coil windings A
On 1, A
On 2When passing the relative excitation pole of inner and outer rotors regional, according to the right-hand rule, coil windings A
On 1, A
On 2Those both sides coil groups cutting magnetic line φ perpendicular to Fig. 2 paper
1, coil windings A
On 1, A
On 2The sense of current that is produced is shown in label 8,14.If coil windings A
On 1, A
On 2Connect load, in the two coil windings leads electric current I is just arranged
A1, I
A2By, because the diameter of two umber of turn W and coil is identical, i.e. umber of turn W
A1=W
A2, so:
I
A1×W
A1+I
A2×W
A2＝I×W
Wherein, IW is the main flux excitation magnetic potential, has set up main flux φ by IW main flux excitation magnetic potential, and promptly main flux φ moves by suitable pin direction in the stator core of upper strata, shown in label among Fig. 25.Pass winding B by main flux φ
On 1, B
On 2Two windings are set up mutual induced EMF each other:
At this moment, if stator upper strata winding A
On 1, A
On 2Connect load, then stator upper strata winding A
On 1, A
On 2Then having electric current produces.Thus, can find out coil windings B from magnetic circuit
On 1, B
On 2On be equivalent to the secondary coil of transformer, coil windings A
On 1, A
2The first polar curve circle that is equivalent to transformer.
After the excitatory magnetic pole of inner and outer rotors turns over 90 ° again, promptly as coil windings B
On 1, B
On 2When passing the relative excitation pole of inner and outer rotors regional, according to the right-hand rule, coil windings B
On 1, B
On 2Those both sides coil groups cutting magnetic line φ perpendicular to Fig. 2 paper
1If, coil windings B
On 1, B
On 2Connect load, two coil windings B
On 1, B
On 2Electric current I is just arranged in the lead
B1, I
B2By, electric current I in the winding
B1, I
B2Set up main magnetomotive force IW again.Equally, because the diameter of two umber of turn W and coil is identical, i.e. umber of turn W
B1=W
B2, so:
I
B1×W
B1+I
B2×W
B2＝I×W
Equally, set up main flux φ by above-mentioned IW main flux excitation magnetic potential, main flux φ passes A
On 1, A
On 2If two windings are stator upper strata winding A
On 1, A
On 2Connect load, then stator upper strata winding A
On 1, A
On 2Then having electric current produces.Thus, can find out coil windings A from magnetic circuit
On 1, A
On 2On be equivalent to the secondary coil of transformer, coil windings B
On 1, B
On 2The first polar curve circle that is equivalent to transformer.
Four winding A of upper strata stator
On 1, A
On 2With B
On 1, B
On 2If open circuit all has identical sinusoidal alternating voltage between the two ends of every group of winding, suppose that the rotating speed of inner and outer rotors is with 25 revolutions per seconds of rotations synchronously, then the frequency in the coil windings is: f=25 revolutions per second * 2=50 hertz.
Therefore, winding A
On 1, A
On 2And B
On 1, B
On 2From magnetic circuit each other transformer just, secondary coil, produce mutual induced EMF mutually.In like manner, four of lower floor's stator winding ring coil windings A
1 time, A
2 times, B
1 time, B
2 timesOn also each other transformer just, secondary coil, produce mutual induced EMF mutually.In addition, ring-type stator four pairs of relative coil windings of two-layer level up and down can be connected together by serial or parallel connection, like this, can make the rarest two the output voltage windings of one-way synchronization alternating current generator, and the internal resistance of winding body is minimum.
If any N winding, the single magnetic excitation pole of upper and lower layer stator also is a N excitation pole, as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, and totally 8 of stator levels windings, so, and very 4 of excitation pole upper strata N, 4 of the S of the lower floor utmost points, adding up to also is 8 excitation poles.
Indulge the above, magnetic flux φ
1Vertical at an angle of 90 mutually with main flux φ in the upper and lower stator winding ring, magnetic flux φ
1Walk each flux path separately with main flux φ, do not disturb mutually, thereby make synchronous alternating-current generator of the present invention anti-electromagnetic torque (braking moment) that drags in generator operation obtain minimizing.
Fig. 2 is extremely shown in Figure 4 to be one-way communication synchronous generator schematic diagram, make three-phase synchronous AC generator, being connected on same main shaft with three same one-way communication synchronous generators rotates synchronously, or divide three main shafts to drag synchronously, and the plus pole of described three one-way communication synchronous generators differs 120 °, perhaps, 120 ° of the winding mutual deviations of described three one-way communication synchronous generators have just been made A, B, C three-phase synchronous AC generator.If the main shaft of described synchronous generator by in the same way with 25 revolutions per seconds of rotations synchronously, can obtain frequency f is 50 hertz alternating current.
What need statement is that foregoing invention content and embodiment are intended to prove the practical application of technical scheme provided by the present invention, should not be construed as the qualification to protection range of the present invention.Those skilled in the art are in spirit of the present invention and principle, when doing various modifications, being equal to and replacing or improve.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. an one-way synchronization alternating current generator is characterized in that, comprising:
The ring-type stator comprises upper strata stator winding ring, connecting portion and lower floor's stator winding ring;
2N coil windings be evenly distributed on the upper and lower layer stator winding ring, and the levels coil windings is symmetrical arranged; Wherein, N is 4 or 4 even-multiple;
Internal rotor is positioned at described ring-type stator, and it comprises two-layer up and down, and wherein, described bilevel connecting portion also is provided with excitation winding, and described two-layer up and down 2 the horizontally disposed excitatory magnetic poles with single magnetic that respectively comprise; And
Two external rotors are positioned at outside the described ring-type stator, and it comprises two-layer up and down, and wherein, described bilevel connecting portion also is provided with excitation winding, and the described two-layer up and down horizontally disposed excitatory magnetic pole with single magnetic that respectively comprises;
Wherein, each layer of magnetic of described internal rotor and the bilevel excitatory magnetic pole of external rotor is identical; The a pair of excitatory magnetic pole of excitatory magnetic pole of described internal rotor and external rotor is on a horizontal line, and described internal rotor and external rotor are fixed on the same power transmission shaft, and rotation synchronously in the same way.
2. synchronous alternator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the connecting portion of described ring-type stator is cylindric fence ring, have equally distributed fence groove on the described fence ring, described levels coil windings is passed through respectively on the upper and lower layer stator winding ring that described fence groove is fixed on described ring-type stator.
3. synchronous alternator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described levels coil windings is a full-pitched coil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100079605A CN101515744B (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2008-02-21 | Alternate current synchronous generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100079605A CN101515744B (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2008-02-21 | Alternate current synchronous generator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101515744A CN101515744A (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| CN101515744B true CN101515744B (en) | 2011-03-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100079605A Expired - Fee Related CN101515744B (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2008-02-21 | Alternate current synchronous generator |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103219809A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-24 | 郜国宣 | Open type multilevel alternating current power generator |
| CN103872804A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-18 | 李兴鸿 | Efficient direct-current generator device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5990590A (en) * | 1996-09-10 | 1999-11-23 | Precise Power Corporation | Versatile AC dynamo-electric machine |
| CN2497476Y (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2002-06-26 | 衣广津 | Electric motor double-rotor structure apparatus |
| CN1606217A (en) * | 2003-10-10 | 2005-04-13 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Magnetic circuit structure for rotary electric machine |
| CN1995770A (en) * | 2007-01-05 | 2007-07-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | PM offset inner rotor radial mixed magnetic bearing with redundant structure |
-
2008
- 2008-02-21 CN CN2008100079605A patent/CN101515744B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5990590A (en) * | 1996-09-10 | 1999-11-23 | Precise Power Corporation | Versatile AC dynamo-electric machine |
| CN2497476Y (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2002-06-26 | 衣广津 | Electric motor double-rotor structure apparatus |
| CN1606217A (en) * | 2003-10-10 | 2005-04-13 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Magnetic circuit structure for rotary electric machine |
| CN1995770A (en) * | 2007-01-05 | 2007-07-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | PM offset inner rotor radial mixed magnetic bearing with redundant structure |
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| CN101515744A (en) | 2009-08-26 |
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Granted publication date: 20110323 Termination date: 20180221 |