CN101617618A - Synchronously ditching, ridging, fertilizing and sowing method for precise direct hole-sowing of rice - Google Patents
Synchronously ditching, ridging, fertilizing and sowing method for precise direct hole-sowing of rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN101617618A CN101617618A CN200910041736A CN200910041736A CN101617618A CN 101617618 A CN101617618 A CN 101617618A CN 200910041736 A CN200910041736 A CN 200910041736A CN 200910041736 A CN200910041736 A CN 200910041736A CN 101617618 A CN101617618 A CN 101617618A
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Abstract
本发明属于农作物的播种方法，尤其涉及一种用于水稻精量穴直播的同步开沟起垄施肥播种方法，其包括以下步骤：a.在经过平整后的湿润泥面上同时开设多条相互平行的蓄水沟；b.两条蓄水沟之间形成一定高度的垄台；c.每条垄台上开设一条播种沟和一条施肥沟；d.采用穴播方式将水稻芽种播在播种沟中；e.将肥料施入施肥沟底，施肥量根据农艺要求调整，施肥后覆土盖平。本发明可实现将缓释肥或控释肥或其他肥料定量、定位施于水稻根系附近，有利于根系吸收和水稻生长，减少肥料用量，进而减少了水稻生产成本和对环境的污染。
The present invention belongs to the sowing method of crops, and in particular relates to a synchronous ditching, ridging, fertilizing and sowing method for precise hole direct seeding of rice, which comprises the following steps: a. Parallel water storage ditches; b. A ridge platform of a certain height is formed between two water storage ditches; c. A sowing ditch and a fertilization ditch are set up on each ridge platform; In the ditch; e. Apply fertilizer to the bottom of the fertilization ditch, adjust the amount of fertilizer according to the agronomic requirements, and cover the soil after fertilization. The invention can apply the slow-release fertilizer or controlled-release fertilizer or other fertilizers near the rice root system in a quantitative and targeted manner, which is beneficial to root system absorption and rice growth, reduces fertilizer consumption, and further reduces rice production costs and environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of sowing method of crops, relate in particular to a kind of live synchronous ditching ridging fertilizing type of seeding in rice precision amount cave that is used for.
Background technology
Present China unit arable area fertilizing amount is 3 times of world average level, but availability is low, and nitrogenous fertilizer this season availability is about 30% only, and phosphate fertilizer has only 20%, be less than about 20 percentage points in developed country, the unreasonable economic loss every year of causing of applying fertilizer is up to 50,000,000,000 yuan.The expert appeals that China should accelerate to promote slow release fertilizer and release and release control fertilizer technology, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces peasant's loss, and reduces the environmental pollution that brings thus.Slow release fertilizer or release and release control fertilizer mainly are slow controlled release nitrogenous fertilizer and the compound fertilizer that contains slow controlled release nitrogen.In soil, slow (control) release fertilizer can be slowly or sustained release crop desired nutritional element, so its fertilizer efficiency is lasting, applied once can satisfy crop throughout the growing season to the needs of nutrient, the minimizing leaching loss of nutrient with avoid damaging crop seed, seedling or root system.According to expert introduction, slow (control) release fertilizer can improve the chemical fertilizer utilization ratio of current China more than 1 times, and the loss of nitrogen fertilizer rate obviously reduces, and can save nitrogen fertilizer amount 30% to 50%.The measuring and calculating of the high grace of the senior engineer of China Chemical Information Center unit is calculated by improving utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer 10%, and China every year can Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer 2,500,000 tons, needs one ton of standard coal to calculate by producing one ton of urea, is equivalent to can save every year 5400000 tons of standard coals.In today that the energy products price goes up fast, the waste that reduces the chemical fertilizer resource seems more urgent.
Mill trial results shows that the paddy machinery direct seeding technique is a kind of planting technology of paddy rice preferably.But existing both at home and abroad paddy machinery direct seeding technique generally adopts the flat planting mode, and seed rice is broadcast on the higher mud face of moisture, the more shallow easy lodging of burying; Whole field face all will be poured water during paddy growth, and water consumption is big; In addition, in the field fertilization management, generally adopt and spread fertilizer over the fields method, easily cause fertilizer loss, reduce fertilizer utilization ratio, and increase the weight of pollution environment.
Summary of the invention
At the shortcoming of prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of live synchronous ditching ridging fertilizing type of seeding in the rice precision amount that is used for cave that rice root is grown and can be reduced the Rice Production water, improve utilization rate of fertilizer that helps.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind ofly be used for the live synchronous ditching ridging fertilizing type of seeding in rice precision amount cave, it may further comprise the steps: a, offer many retaining ditches that are parallel to each other simultaneously on through the moistening mud face after smooth; Form the ridge platform of certain altitude between b, two the retaining ditches; Offer a seed furrow and a row application ditch on c, every ridge platform; D, employing bunch planting way are broadcast paddy rice bud kind in seed furrow; E, fertilizer applied dressing furrow at the bottom of, fertilizing amount is according to the agriculture requirement adjustment, fertilising back earthing lid is flat.
It is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom trapezoidal that the cross section of seed furrow and retaining ditch all is, and its size is determined according to agriculture requirement.
The distance of adjacent two ridge platform center lines is adjusted according to agriculture requirement, and the seed furrow on every ridge platform and the spacing of dressing furrow are adjusted according to agriculture requirement.
Institute's fertilise is determined according to agriculture requirement, is slow-release fertilizer, controlled release fertilizer or other fertilizer.
Institute's fertilise can determine that quantitative, location imposes on the dressing furrow bottom of trench that applicator boot is offered according to agriculture requirement.
The cave of seed rice distance is adjusted according to paddy rice crops for rotation, kind and planting habit in the seed furrow, and adopts earthing to handle.
Seeding quantity in every cave is adjustable.
Above-mentioned retaining ditch, seed furrow and dressing furrow are finished synchronously by the trench digging device.
This trench digging device comprises retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and the dressing furrow plough that is installed on the sower slide plate, can regulate distance and difference in height between retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and the dressing furrow plough according to agriculture requirement.The trench digging end of this retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and dressing furrow plough all is glut shape.
Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts the ditching, ridging type of seeding, and the retaining ditch both can be used as irrigates ditch usefulness, can be used as the drain ditch again and uses.Because seed rice is broadcast in the seed furrow on the platform of ridge, can guarantee that rice root grows in dryer and comfortableer relatively environment, help root system development.Simultaneously, the water in the retaining ditch can provide Rice Production required moisture again.During paddy growth, only need to guarantee in the retaining ditch certain depth of water to be arranged and need not whole field face and all pour water, both can reduce irrigation quantity, can reduce evaporation discharge again, thereby can save the Rice Production water.
Seed furrow on the platform of ridge has increased the embedded depth of rice root, has solved general Direct-seeding Rice owing to broadcast the problem of the more shallow easy lodging of burying on the mud face.
Because the offering of dressing furrow can impose on fertilizer the depth of soils near the rice root vitellarium, solved the problem that paddy field fertilizer is difficult to deep placement; Fertilizer is covered, can reduce the fertilizer loss that causes because of reasons such as volatilization, denitrification, leaching losses.To delay (control) release fertilizer and impose on depth of soils near the rice root vitellarium, its nutritive element can discharge at regular time and quantity according to paddy growth, satisfies paddy rice different growing stage needs, and single-dose application can be satisfied omnidistance growth needs.
Trench digging, ridging help the growth of cave direct seading rice, and trench digging, deep placement slow-release fertilizer (controlled release fertilizer) are also covered, and can significantly improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduce fertilizer application frequency, save the fertilizer usage amount, reduce the environmental pollution that fertilising causes.Therefore, the present invention by realize " trench digging, ridging, execute (slowly-releasing, controlled release) fertile, cover, smart amount cave is live " integration of operation, can reach that efficient, volume increase, joint are fertile, water saving, reduce the purpose of field discharge of methane amount, can reduce pollution simultaneously, the protection environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of synchronous ditching ridging fertilizing of the present invention.
Among Fig. 1, the soil that the moistening mud face of 1-2-seed furrow 3-dressing furrow 4-fertilizer 5-retaining ditch 6-paddy rice bud kind 7-covers.
Fig. 2 is used for the trench digging device schematic diagram of synchronous ditching ridging fertilizing for the present invention.
Among Fig. 2,8-retaining ditch plough 9-seed furrow plough 10-dressing furrow plough 11-slide plate.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The invention provides a kind of live synchronous ditching ridging fertilizing type of seeding in rice precision amount cave that is used for, as shown in Figure 1, it may further comprise the steps:
While ditching, ridging on a, the moistening mud face 1 after process is smooth, comprise seed furrow 2, dressing furrow 3 and retaining ditch 5, seed furrow and retaining ditch cross section all are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom trapezoidal, and its size is determined according to agriculture requirement, for example: the degree of depth 70-100mm of dressing furrow, width 20-30mm;
Distance between b, retaining ditch determines according to agriculture requirement, forms the ridge platform of certain altitude between two retaining ditches;
Offer a seed furrow and a row application ditch on c, every ridge platform, dressing furrow is opened in a side of seed furrow, distance between two ditches determines that according to agriculture requirements such as fertilizer type and rice growths for example: every seed furrow and every row application ditch center are at a distance of 50-60mm;
The paddy rice bud kind 6 that d, broken chest show money or valuables one carries unintentionally adopts bunch planting way to broadcast in seed furrow, the cave distance can be according to different crops for rotation (early rice, semilate rice, late rice), different cultivars and different planting habit adjustment, and can adopt flat processing of earthing 7 lids as required, the amount of broadcasting in each sowing cave is adjustable;
The width of e, dressing furrow and the degree of depth determine that according to agriculture requirement fertilizer 4 applies bottom of trench, and fertilizing amount can utilize earthing 7 lids flat according to the agriculture requirement adjustment after the fertilising, prevent that the fertilizer volatilization from reducing fertilizer efficiency;
In the above-mentioned type of seeding, different cultivars can alternately be planted, and as male parent, maternal alternate, and plants different cultivars in the piece of same field, to adapt to different planting requirements.
In the above-mentioned type of seeding, institute's fertilise is determined according to agriculture requirement, is fertile or other fertilizer of slow-release fertilizer, controlled release, and according to agriculture requirement quantitatively, the location imposes on the dressing furrow bottom of trench.
As shown in Figure 2, this trench digging device comprises retaining ditch plough 8, seed furrow plough 9 and the dressing furrow plough 10 that is installed on the sower slide plate 11, can regulate distance and difference in height between retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and the dressing furrow plough according to agriculture requirement.The trench digging end of this retaining ditch plough, seed furrow plough and dressing furrow plough all is glut shape.Retaining ditch plough leaves that retaining ditch, seed furrow plough are left seed furrow, the dressing furrow plough can go out dressing furrow; Fertilizer applies in the dressing furrow, and seed rice is sowed in kind of the ditch, and slide plate smooths ground, covers fertilizer, and it is live to finish trench digging, ridging, fertilising and rice precision amount cave synchronously.
Because the present invention can guarantee fertilizer concentrated and imposes near the rice root, helps root system and absorbs and paddy growth, reduces fertilizer amount, and then reduced the Rice Production cost and to the pollution of environment.Because seed rice is broadcast in the seed furrow on the platform of ridge, can guarantee that rice root grows in dryer and comfortableer relatively environment, help root system development.Simultaneously, the water in the retaining ditch can provide Rice Production required moisture.During paddy growth, only need to guarantee in the retaining ditch certain depth of water to be arranged and need not whole field face and pour water, both can reduce and pour water, can reduce evaporation again, thereby can save the paddy growth water.Seed furrow on the platform of ridge has increased the embedded depth of rice root, has solved general Direct-seeding Rice owing to broadcast the problem of the more shallow easy lodging of burying on the mud face.
Adopt the paddy rice growing way of type of seeding plantation of the present invention good, the output height.A large amount of live production tests, comprise that different crops for rotation (early rice, semilate rice, late rice), different cultivars (conventional rice, hybrid rice, super hybridization rice) and the result of the test of different soils condition show, the synchronous ditching ridging fertilizing mode sows the cave Direct-seeding Rice because well developed root system, tiller in low joint position, growing way is good, and output is higher.Under the condition of every mu of Shaoshi fertilizer 30%, type of seeding of the present invention is spread fertilizer over the fields fertile volume increase more than 10% than manual.
The relative position variation of the retaining ditch plough in the above-mentioned trench digging device, seed furrow plough, dressing furrow plough and change of shape are also within this patent protection domain.
Claims (10)
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| CN200910041736A CN101617618A (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Synchronously ditching, ridging, fertilizing and sowing method for precise direct hole-sowing of rice |
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| CN200910041736A CN101617618A (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Synchronously ditching, ridging, fertilizing and sowing method for precise direct hole-sowing of rice |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102379231A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-03-21 | 华南农业大学 | Precise dry-hole rice direct sowing method capable of synchronously realizing ditching, ridging, fertilization and film covering |
| CN102550347A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-07-11 | 黄璜 | Cultivation method for wedge plowing and transplanting rice |
| CN102550348A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-07-11 | 黄璜 | Cultivation method for rice direct dibble seeding in wedged ditches |
| CN103609378A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-03-05 | 尹永华 | Rice ridge-type plant hole locating cultivation method |
| CN104541852A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-29 | 韦守国 | Lodging-free cultivation method of super high-yield rice |
| CN107439286A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-08 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of chemurgy regulation and control method for reducing rice absorbing arsenic |
| CN108207512A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-29 | 临汾经济技术开发区科润农业技术咨询中心 | A kind of attached ditch implantation methods of vegetables |
| CN108307740A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-24 | 青阳县茂施农业科技有限公司 | A kind of live streaming of rice wide cut item and the same broadcasting method of seed manure |
| CN108617183A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore low cost, water-saving ecological fast repairing method |
| CN108738454A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of improvement of soil fertility integrated approach reducing ratooning rice rice field greenhouse gas emission |
| CN109068584A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-12-21 | 洋马株式会社 | Sugarcane tree-remover |
| CN109076891A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-25 | 候海燕 | A kind of attached ditch field planting method of vegetables |
| CN109566309A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-04-05 | 宁远县兴健水稻种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of rice |
| CN109874428A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江小精农机制造有限公司 | Direct sowing of rice-trench digging-leveling all-in-one machine and its type of seeding |
| CN110710427A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-21 | 湖南农业大学 | A method of direct seeding of rice |
| CN114128455A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-04 | 华南农业大学 | Articulated seeder |
| CN116034831A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-05-02 | 西北农林科技大学 | A method of interactive ditch bottom hole sowing of wheat |
| CN116998284A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-11-07 | 四川农业大学 | Method and machine for synchronous transplanting and sowing covering of male parent and female parent in hybrid rice seed production |
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2009
- 2009-08-07 CN CN200910041736A patent/CN101617618A/en active Pending
Cited By (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102379231A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-03-21 | 华南农业大学 | Precise dry-hole rice direct sowing method capable of synchronously realizing ditching, ridging, fertilization and film covering |
| CN102550347A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-07-11 | 黄璜 | Cultivation method for wedge plowing and transplanting rice |
| CN102550348A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-07-11 | 黄璜 | Cultivation method for rice direct dibble seeding in wedged ditches |
| CN102550347B (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-07-17 | 湖南农业大学 | Cultivation method for wedge plowing and transplanting rice |
| CN102550348B (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-07-31 | 湖南农业大学 | Cultivation method for rice direct dibble seeding in wedged ditches |
| CN103609378A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-03-05 | 尹永华 | Rice ridge-type plant hole locating cultivation method |
| CN104541852B (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2017-12-15 | 韦守国 | Cultural method of the Super High Yielding Rice without lodging |
| CN104541852A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-29 | 韦守国 | Lodging-free cultivation method of super high-yield rice |
| CN109068584B (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2021-09-21 | 洋马动力科技有限公司 | Sugarcane transplanting machine |
| CN109068584A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-12-21 | 洋马株式会社 | Sugarcane tree-remover |
| CN107439286A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-08 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of chemurgy regulation and control method for reducing rice absorbing arsenic |
| CN108207512A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-29 | 临汾经济技术开发区科润农业技术咨询中心 | A kind of attached ditch implantation methods of vegetables |
| CN108307740A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-24 | 青阳县茂施农业科技有限公司 | A kind of live streaming of rice wide cut item and the same broadcasting method of seed manure |
| CN108617183A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore low cost, water-saving ecological fast repairing method |
| CN108738454B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2022-03-08 | 华中农业大学 | Soil fertilization integration method for reducing greenhouse gas emission of ratoon rice field |
| CN108738454A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-06 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of improvement of soil fertility integrated approach reducing ratooning rice rice field greenhouse gas emission |
| CN109076891A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-25 | 候海燕 | A kind of attached ditch field planting method of vegetables |
| CN109566309A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-04-05 | 宁远县兴健水稻种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of rice |
| CN109874428A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江小精农机制造有限公司 | Direct sowing of rice-trench digging-leveling all-in-one machine and its type of seeding |
| CN109874428B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2024-01-23 | 浙江小精农机制造有限公司 | Rice direct seeding-ditching-leveling integrated machine and sowing method thereof |
| CN110710427A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-21 | 湖南农业大学 | A method of direct seeding of rice |
| CN114128455B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-08-29 | 华南农业大学 | Articulated seeder |
| CN114128455A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-04 | 华南农业大学 | Articulated seeder |
| CN116034831A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-05-02 | 西北农林科技大学 | A method of interactive ditch bottom hole sowing of wheat |
| CN116998284A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-11-07 | 四川农业大学 | Method and machine for synchronous transplanting and sowing covering of male parent and female parent in hybrid rice seed production |
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