CN101677757A - 诊断相机及用于实现诊断相机的顶盖 - Google Patents
诊断相机及用于实现诊断相机的顶盖 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于诊断相机(10)的顶盖(40,40a,40b),该顶盖包括一设计用于可拆松地固定在诊断相机(10)的顶部区(14)上的联接段(42)和一与该联接段(42)相连接的、形状稳定的间隔段(44),该间隔段(44)具有一自由的端部段(46)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种诊断相机及用于实现诊断相机的顶盖。
背景技术
已知的牙科诊断相机用于远距地观察患者的口腔。该诊断相机的壳体具有一手柄段和一与该手柄段相连接的较细的顶部区/头部区。手柄段用于由使用者握持和引导诊断相机。安装在手柄段的延长部上的顶部区包括一带光学和电子部件——如光学透镜和摄像部——的相机单元。
利用相机单元可摄取一待观察的口腔的图像或牙齿的图像,并以电信号的形式传递给一重放设备例如监视器。受工作条件(弯腰的姿势,很难直接通视到观察位置)的限制很难在口腔中摄到口腔或牙齿的清晰、静止、不模糊的诊断相机图像。
发明内容
本发明要提供一种方式方法,使人们能在诊断相机中获得静止的图像状态和良好的图像清晰度。
根据本发明,所述目的通过具有权利要求1的特征的诊断相机和具有权利要求13的特征的诊断相机顶盖实现。
本发明的诊断相机具有至少一个形状稳定的间隔部,该间隔部具有一自由端部段,该自由端部段至少主要布置在视场外。借助于该自由端部段,一由诊断相机的光学部件确定的对象区域,即一在其中通过诊断相机给对象清晰成像的位置区域,能够在使用诊断相机时被使用者看到和/或触到。
这样,使用者便能够以相对于待摄像的对象、特别是牙齿的正确的间距将诊断相机在口腔中定位,而无需为此而观察通常面向患者的、在其上显示出对象图像的监视器。
间隔部优选设计成,使其自由端部布置在诊断相机的对象平面中。
间隔部的自由端部段还具有一支承面,该支承面例如可被放置在待摄像牙齿的表面上,由此得到由诊断相机摄取的诊断相机图像的稳定性,其中对象同时位于诊断相机的对象平面中。
本发明的有利的改进方案在从属权利要求中给出。
在根据权利要求3的诊断相机中,所述自由的间隔部被设计成至少基本上环绕的套筒并因此具有一支承面。因此可通过顶盖在对象上的面支承,将诊断相机相对于待摄像对象、特别是牙齿的倾斜保持得很小。由此使图像的失真减小,改善对象的成像质量。
在本变型一特别有利的实施形式中,将自由端部段设计成封闭的、环绕的壁部,从而确保诊断相机在待成像对象上的支承与相机壳体的手柄段的取向无关。
本发明的根据权利要求4的改进方案在间隔部与诊断相机的可靠连接方面具有优点。这避免了间隔部在诊断相机使用期间从顶部区松脱并掉入口腔中。
在根据权利要求5的诊断相机中,实现了将自由端部段的端面有利地定向在由诊断相机预先给定的对象平面中。诊断相机一般具有一相对于壳体手柄段的中心纵轴线倾斜(优选90度)的视向。因此同样弯曲(优选90度)的通道的自由端部段至少几乎位于所述对象平面中,该通道由间隔部和联接段形成。
本发明的根据权利要求6的改进方案确保,在间隔部的区域中在通道的内侧上不会产生不希望的反射,该反射会破坏图像质量。
根据权利要求7,通道的内侧具有比顶盖的其他光滑设计的表面更大的粗糙度。例如通道内侧具有1μm到40μm,优选2μm到10μm,特别优选小于4μm的平均粗糙度Rz。附加或替代地,也可在通道内侧设有沟纹,该沟纹优选在周向上、与视向垂直地延伸。这种粗糙性使射入的光束漫反射,进而实现了减少反射。
根据权利要求8的诊断相机通过朝向自由端部的、优选圆锥形或棱锥形的扩展无需使诊断相机的视场受到限制地实现了间隔部的紧凑设计。
本发明的根据权利要求9的改进方案确保了间隔顶盖的经济的制造和坚固的构造,因为联接段和间隔部一体地、特别是以塑料注塑方法制成。
根据权利要求10的顶盖优选由可消毒的塑料例如聚丙烯制成。由此,在遵守对医学设备和口腔医学设备适用的消毒和/或杀菌规定的情况下可确保重复使用性。另外,可实现重量小的诊断相机。
根据权利要求11的诊断相机设计成,使相机壳体和联接段具有共同作用的卡锁结构。因此可简单地实现间隔顶盖在诊断相机上的可拆松的固定和可靠的固定。
根据权利要求13及其从属权利要求的间隔顶盖使得已在现场应用的诊断相机也可具有上述优点。
根据本发明可(在工厂或通过改装)得到一种诊断相机,该诊断相机能够放置或支承在待摄像的对象上。由此可得到对象的失真小或无失真的图像。在由塑料制成的实施形式中,除制造成本低外,还确保将间隔顶盖可靠地、优选形锁合地、进而精确并可靠地保持在诊断相机的顶部区上。塑料材料的弹性特性实现了,即使对于薄壁设计的间隔顶盖也能避免对牙龈或口腔黏膜的损伤,因为不会有硬质边缘放在牙齿上或与牙龈相接触。
附图说明
下面参照附图、结合各实施例对本发明进行详细说明。附图中,
图1示出带一手柄段和一顶部区的牙科诊断相机的透视图;
图2示出带一间隔顶盖的、根据图1的牙科诊断相机的透视图;
图3根据图2的牙科诊断相机的顶部区的剖视图;
图4示出一结构长度较小的间隔顶盖的透视图;
图5示出一结构长度中等的间隔顶盖的透视图;
图6示出一结构长度较大的间隔顶盖的透视图,该间隔顶盖具有一棱锥状扩大的端部区域;和
图7示出带一形成在相机壳体上的间隔件的牙科诊断相机的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出一牙科诊断相机10,该诊断相机具有一手柄段12和一基本上设计成锥段形状的、安装在手柄段12的延长部上的顶部区14。
在手柄段12的背离顶部区14的后端(未示出)上,牙科诊断相机10具有一未示出的缆线,该缆线用于提供电能和特别是传送由牙科诊断相机10产生的电的图像信号。图像信号由内置在顶部区14中的相机单元16产生。
如图3中详细示出的,相机单元16主要由一光学系统18和一摄像部20组成。牙科诊断相机10的视向22基本上垂直于手柄段21和顶部区14的中心纵轴线。因此确保了对牙科诊断相机10的特别是人机工程学的、对观察在狭窄的口腔中的牙齿表面特别有利的操纵。
根据图2,在牙科诊断相机10上套装上一顶盖40,该顶盖使得易于在诊断相机与待观察的对象之间保持一定距离,下面将结合多个实施例对该顶盖进行说明。
如图3的剖视图详细所示,来自一被照亮的对象41、例如患者口腔中的一牙齿的光束借助一光学系统18在一摄像部20上成像。摄像部20例如是一CCD(电荷耦合器),具有一光敏的传感面,该传感面以像素的形式实现将射入的光束转换成电信号。
摄像部20的电输出信号通过未示出的缆线传送到一同样未示出的图像处理单元,该图像处理单元控制对象41在监视器上的显示。
光学系统18具有一紧密地嵌入顶部区16的壁部中的透明窗28、一偏转镜/致偏镜26和一带两个透镜31、33的透镜系统30。透明窗28密封地粘入顶部区14中以能够将相机单元16防潮地安置在形成一部分相机壳体的套筒形的顶部区14中。
偏转镜26使光束——即来自对象41的对象光束——90度偏转。来自对象41的示例性的被观察到的光束在通过偏转镜26偏转后可平行于中心纵轴线24延伸并垂直地撞在摄像部20的传感面上。因此,相机单元16的视向22通过偏转镜26的作用与诊断相机10的中心纵轴线24垂直。
可由摄像部20摄到的像场角γ基本上由透镜系统30确定。此外,透镜系统30确定焦深区域或对象区域36,在该区域中对象可清晰地成像在摄像部20上。
在对象区域36内,一对象平面38表征其中对象以最大清晰度成像的平面。像场角γ可同样受到窗28的大小、偏转镜26的大小或一设置在光束路径上的、未示出的视场光阑或顶盖40的限制。
与偏转镜26相邻地设置有一设计成白光发光二极管的光源32,该光源用于照射待成像的对象。光源32的主放射方向34至少基本上平行于相机单元16的视向22延伸。
在图3的剖视图中示出的顶盖40在端部被推套在诊断相机10的顶部区14上,并力锁合和形锁合地保持在顶部区14上。
由可消毒的塑料例如聚丙烯制成的顶盖40具有一设计成连接结构的联接段42和一间隔段44。如图4-6详细所示,联接段42和间隔段44的壁部段界定一开口45,顶部区16可形锁合地插入该开口中。
联接段42和间隔段44都是套筒形的,并一起形成一成直角弯曲的通道。在所示的根据图3-6的顶盖40的实施形式中,所述通道在中心纵轴线24的方向上的长度相当短。在本发明的未示出的另一实施形式中,该通道在联接段的区域中也可明显加长,以实现与顶部区16的在轴向上的更大的覆盖/重叠。
联接段42的开口45的横截面这样与顶部区14的横截面相协调,使得获得顶盖40在顶部区14上的力锁合的联接。为此,使联接段42的自由内横截面略小于顶部区14的外横截面,从而当将顶盖40套装在顶部区14上时使联接段42出现弹性变形。这种弹性变形提供了对顶盖40在诊断相机10上的所希望的力锁合的固定所需的摩擦力。
另外,联接段42具有一向内伸出的止动突起56,该止动突起弹性地接合在设置在顶部区14中的凹槽内,从而确保顶盖40在诊断相机10上的可靠的卡锁。
套筒形设计的间隔段44具有一在相机单元16的视向22上伸出超过窗28的自由的端部段46,该端部段46终止于对象平面38,至少是接近毗邻的。
因此,自由的端部段46向使用者展示出诊断相机10必须离对象41多近以得到清晰的图像。如果自由的端部段46被放置在对象41的表面上,则对象表面自动地位于诊断相机10的对象区域36中。
通过将自由的端部段46贴靠在对象表面上,另外还实现了诊断相机10的位置稳定性。这一方面方便了对正确图像部分的选择,另一方面减少或完全避免了使用者的阵挛运动,这种阵挛运动会在不将自由端部段46放在对象上时出现。因此由诊断相机10摄取的图像静止且稳定。
图4所示的顶盖40具有一类似盒子的构造。顶盖40的一个侧壁被完全省去,由此形成一由套筒形的自由端部段46界定的视窗48。在顶盖40的与该视窗48相邻的侧壁上设置有用于联接目的的开口45,该开口具有一基本为圆形的边界廓形,该廓形具有一平行于自由端部段46的端面取向的弄平部50。
在根据图4的顶盖40中,自由端部段46布置成与所述弄平部50相距约5mm,从而使对象41与窗28之间的间距同样为约5mm而自由端部段46至少几乎位于对象平面38中。
在顶盖40的内表面上,在间隔段44的区域中设置有一环绕的粗糙表面54。所述的粗糙度可例如通过在顶盖40的注塑模中预设的表面处理——例如喷砂处理——实现,并在顶盖40的注塑过程中形成。
粗糙表面54使得来自光源32或对象的光束在间隔段44的内表面上漫反射。因此所述光束不会作为散射光束无阻碍地散射入相机单元16的光学系统18中,由此可实现对诊断相机10的图像质量的改善。
或者,也可将间隔段44的内表面设计成吸光的,特别是黑色的,例如涂成黑色。
通过顶盖40的与相机单元的像场角相协调的几何形状,另外还避免或阻止了由光源32发出的光束的侧向泄漏。由此提供了更多的光来照射对象,从而更加有利于改进图像质量。
在图5所示的顶盖40——其中功能相同的元件保持上述引用的附图标记——中,自由端部段46布置成与弄平部50相距约10mm,并通过一凹部58部分地中断。
因此当将具有顶盖40的诊断相机10放置在不平的表面上时能确保,要由诊断相机10示出的、从不平的表面突出的对象区域位于对象平面38中,或至少位于诊断相机10的对象区域36中。
另外,面向诊断相机10的使用者的凹部58还实现了直接观察待摄像的表面。
在图6所示的顶盖40——其中功能相同的元件保持上述引用的附图标记——中,自由端部段46布置成与弄平部50相距约18mm、位于盒形顶盖40的一基本设计成截锥形的延伸部52的端侧。
利用延伸部52的截锥形设计可实现顶盖40被紧凑地构造并能以简单的方式放置在待观察的对象上。延伸部52的张角,即分别相对布置的各棱锥面之间所夹的角这样匹配于相机单元16的像场角γ,使得仍能够由摄像部20摄到的边缘光束基本上平行于延伸部52的棱锥面延伸。这样顶盖40不会形成对由相机单元16摄取的图像的限制。
在根据图7的实施例中,在顶部区16上形成有一间隔杆44,该间隔杆44的轴线垂直于手柄段14和顶部区16的轴线延伸,在侧向位于视场外、或紧邻视场边缘。
可选地,间隔杆44能可拆松地插入顶部区16的一凹陷部中,这在诊断相机的制造、清洁和消毒方面都有利。
这样,可得到与在根据图1-6的实施例中的相同的优点。
上述诊断相机也可在人医学或兽医学中用于观察人和动物的其它难以达到的身体部分。该诊断相机也可在材料和产品检测中用于控制难以达到的表面区域。
如图4所示,间隔件40的自由端部段46可通过一透明的端板55密闭。该端板是用于待观察的组织的贴靠面,从而负责用于其本身在对象表面中的精确定位。同时防止该组织拱起。另外,也保护间隔件的自由端部不被污物和细菌侵入。在间隔件40的端部上的光滑表面使其杀菌和消毒更容易。
Claims (27)
1.一种诊断相机,该诊断相机特别是用于医学目的和牙科目的,具有一壳体(14、16)以及一安置在该壳体(14、16)中的光学部(18)和摄像部(20),其特征在于,所述壳体(14、16)在对象侧具有一间隔段(44)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)布置在一联接段(42)上,该联接段(42)可拆松地布置在所述壳体(14、16)上,优选布置在该壳体的顶部区(14)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)的自由端部段(46)具有一基本上垂直于光学部(18)的视向(42)的支承面。
4.据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)的自由端部段(46)设计成至少基本上环绕的、优选在周向方向上封闭的套筒。
5.根据上述权利要求任一项所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述联接段(42)设计成至少基本上环绕的、优选封闭的套筒。
6.据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)和联接段(42)是套筒形的并共同限定一连续的、优选90度弯曲的通道。
7.据权利要求6所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述通道在内侧至少在间隔段(44)的区域内具有吸光的或散射光的表面(54)。
8.据权利要求7所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述通道在间隔段(44)的区域中在内侧具有变大的粗糙度,优选设有沟纹。
9.据上述权利要求中任一项所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)朝向自由端部扩展,优选圆锥形或棱锥形地扩展。
10.据权利要求2至9中任一项所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述联接段(42)和间隔段(44)一体地制成,特别是以塑料注塑方法制成。
11.据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44),优选还连同联接段(42)的所述一体连接的部分,更优选还连同所述壳体(14、16),由可杀菌的和/或可消毒的塑料例如聚丙烯制成。
12.据权利要求2至11中任一项所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述联接段(42)与所述壳体(14、16)的顶部区(14)协调成,使得该联接段(42)在一推套上的工作位置中被形锁合地固定在所述顶部区(14)上。
13.一种用于诊断相机的间隔顶盖,该诊断相机特别是用于医学目的和牙科目的,并具有一壳体(14、16)以及一安置在该壳体(14、16)中的光学部(18)和摄像部(20),其特征在于,所述间隔顶盖具有一布置在联接段(42)上的间隔段(44),该联接段(42)可拆松地布置在所述壳体(14、16)上、优选布置在该壳体的顶部区(14)上。
14.据权利要求13所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)的自由端部段(46)具有一基本上垂直于该间隔段(44)的纵向轴线的支承面。
15.据权利要求13或14所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)的自由端部段(46)设计成至少基本上环绕的、优选在周向方向上封闭的套筒。
16.据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述联接段(42)设计成至少基本上环绕的、优选封闭的套筒。
17.据权利要求14至16中任一项所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)和联接段(42)是套筒形的并共同限定一连续的、优选90度弯曲的通道。
18.据权利要求17所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述通道在内侧至少在间隔段(44)的区域内具有吸光的或散射光的表面(54)。
19.据权利要求18所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述通道在间隔段(44)的区域中在内侧具有变大的粗糙度,优选设有沟纹。
20.据权利要求13至19中任一项所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44)朝向自由端部扩展,优选圆锥形或棱锥形地扩展。
21.据权利要求13至20中任一项所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述联接段(42)和间隔段(44)一体地制成,特别是以塑料注塑方法制成。
22.据权利要求13至21中任一项所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述间隔段(44),优选还连同联接段(42)的所述一体连接的部分,由可杀菌的和/或可消毒的塑料例如聚丙烯制成。
23.据权利要求13至22中任一项所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述联接段(42)与所述壳体(14、16)的顶部区(14)协调成,使得该联接段(42)在一推套上的工作位置中被形锁合地固定在所述顶部区(14)上。
24.据权利要求14至23中任一项所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述自由端部段(46)具有一透明的端板(55)。
25.据权利要求24和权利要求15所述的间隔顶盖,其特征在于,所述端板(55)与所述套筒密封连接。
26.据权利要求3至12中任一项所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述自由端部段(46)具有一透明的端板(55)。
27.据权利要求26和权利要求4所述的诊断相机,其特征在于,所述端板(55)与所述套筒密封连接。
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| PCT/EP2008/001931 WO2008113493A1 (de) | 2007-03-16 | 2008-03-11 | Diagnosekamera sowie aufsatz zur realisierung einer solchen |
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- 2007-03-16 DE DE102007013355A patent/DE102007013355A1/de not_active Ceased
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- 2008-03-11 JP JP2009553069A patent/JP2010521202A/ja active Pending
- 2008-03-11 WO PCT/EP2008/001931 patent/WO2008113493A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-03-11 EA EA200901172A patent/EA017088B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-03-11 EP EP11004529A patent/EP2389855A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-03-11 CA CA002691558A patent/CA2691558A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-03-11 ES ES08716438T patent/ES2380841T3/es active Active
- 2008-03-11 EP EP08716438A patent/EP2139376B1/de active Active
- 2008-03-11 DE DE202008017523U patent/DE202008017523U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2008-03-11 US US12/531,459 patent/US20100238279A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-03-11 AT AT08716438T patent/ATE542469T1/de active
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| CN116867417A (zh) * | 2021-02-18 | 2023-10-10 | 柯惠有限合伙公司 | 具有眩光减少特征部的喉镜窥视片 |
| CN116035514B (zh) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-07-21 | 杭州捷扫科技有限公司 | 一种口腔图像采集单元及口腔图像采集装置 |
| CN116035514A (zh) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-05-02 | 杭州捷扫科技有限公司 | 一种口腔图像采集单元及口腔图像采集装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008113493A1 (de) | 2008-09-25 |
| EP2139376B1 (de) | 2012-01-25 |
| JP2010521202A (ja) | 2010-06-24 |
| EP2139376A1 (de) | 2010-01-06 |
| DE102007013355A1 (de) | 2008-09-18 |
| DE202008017523U1 (de) | 2009-11-26 |
| US20100238279A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
| EA200901172A1 (ru) | 2010-04-30 |
| ATE542469T1 (de) | 2012-02-15 |
| ES2380841T3 (es) | 2012-05-18 |
| EP2389855A1 (de) | 2011-11-30 |
| CA2691558A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
| EA017088B1 (ru) | 2012-09-28 |
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