CN101702995A - Method for producing vegetable cultivation substrate and seedling raising substrate by using caragana - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a vegetable cultivation substrate and a seedling raising substrate by using caragana. The production steps are as follows: pulverize the caragana, wet it with water, add organic fertilizer, urea, bran and biomycin, mix evenly, and put the caragana at ambient temperature Stack fermentation at 10°C to 40°C. When the temperature in the center of the pile is higher than 65°C, turn the cone until the temperature in the pile drops to close to the ambient temperature to complete the fermentation; then use the volume ratio Caragana : organic fertilizer : perlite =2:1:2 and mix well. The invention utilizes the renewable Caragana resource with low price and abundant sources as the main substrate source for the soilless cultivation of vegetables, which enriches the substrate selection types for the soilless cultivation of vegetables in facilities and industrialized seedling cultivation in our district. Caragana is used as vegetable substrate cultivation and seedling substrate after treatment, which has several advantages such as water absorption, air permeability, and rich nutrition.

Description

Method for producing vegetable cultivation substrate and seedling raising substrate by using caragana

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and in particular relates to a method for producing vegetable cultivation substrate and seedling raising substrate by using caragana.

Background technique

At present, the substrates used for soilless cultivation of vegetables are mainly gravel, gravel, ceramsite, slag, perlite, rock wool, sponge, foam plastic, silica gel, ion exchange resin, peat, sawdust, bark, peanut shell, rice Shells, mushroom dregs, peat, reed reed paper mill scraps, reed scrap, citric acid manufacturing scraps, traditional Chinese medicine factory dregs, vinegar dregs, distillery dregs, energy plant biogas dregs, paper mill waste pulp, and rice husks , Coconut shell, cottonseed shell, oil meal, bean dregs, bagasse, crop straw and other industrial and agricultural organic solid waste as raw materials, research and development of synthetic organic cultivation substrate, applied to seedling and cultivation, and achieved certain results.

Caragana, as an important shrub species for desert ecological management, has a planting area of 7 million mu in the whole region, and about 1 million mu of it can be used for stubble every year, and more than 1 million tons of caragana can be harvested. But adopt caragana bar as the raw material of vegetable substrate cultivation and do not see relevant report yet.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing vegetable cultivation substrate and seedling raising substrate by using the local abundant and cheap natural resource - caragana.

Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:

A method for producing vegetable cultivation substrate and seedling-raising substrate by using caragana. The production steps are as follows: pulverize caragana, wet it with water, add organic fertilizer, urea, bran and biomycin, mix well, and place the caragana at an ambient temperature of 10°C to Stacking and fermentation at 40°C, when the temperature in the center of the pile is higher than 65°C, turn over the cone until the temperature in the pile drops to close to the ambient temperature to complete the fermentation; then use the volume ratio Caragana : organic fertilizer : perlite = 1:0.4 The ratio of ~0.6:0.6~1 can be fully mixed;

The caragana is crushed into 2-3cm;

Above-mentioned organic fertilizer adopts every cubic meter of caragana to add organic fertilizer 5～10kg, and described organic fertilizer is the sterilized chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure or sheep manure;

The above-mentioned urea adopts 1～4kg of urea per cubic meter of caragana;

Above-mentioned bran adopts every cubic meter caragana bar to add bran 2.5kg;

The bran can be replaced by rice bran or corn flour;

Add 0.5 kg of biomycin to the above-mentioned biomycin according to each cubic meter, and the biomycin is sawdust fermentation aid or straw fermentation aid;

Water should be replenished in due course during the above-mentioned turning process.

The present invention uses Caragana as the raw material of vegetable cultivation and seedling raising substrate, mainly based on the following factors: (1) Caragana resources are renewable; (2) the source is abundant and the price is low; (3) leguminous crops can provide Rich nutrient resources can supply vegetable crops to absorb and improve vegetable quality; (4) Caragana substrate cultivation of vegetables can be carried out in places where soil cultivation cannot be carried out; (5) Effectively improve agricultural water use efficiency, which is an important cultivation of water-saving agriculture One way. The present invention utilizes the renewable caragana resources with low price and abundant sources as the main substrate source for vegetable soilless cultivation, which enriches the substrate selection types for facility vegetable soilless cultivation and industrialized seedling cultivation in our district.

Caragana is used as vegetable substrate cultivation and seedling substrate after treatment, which has several advantages such as water absorption, air permeability, and rich nutrition. It is rich in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S) and other compounds that are indispensable for plant growth. A new type of soilless culture medium.

Through the experimental research on multiple crops of vegetables such as tomatoes (including cherry tomatoes), peppers, etc., compared with soil cultivation, the yield and quality of vegetables cultivated by using caragana as a cultivation substrate after treatment are not inferior. The yield of tomato and pepper increased by 23.5% and 15.6% respectively compared with that of soil cultivation. According to the detection of Lycium barbarum Ningxia Quality Inspection Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, the sugar content of tomato increased by 49.8%, the Vc content increased by 36.6%, and the sugar-acid ratio was also higher than that of soil cultivation. 27.7%, the pepper Vc content increased by 29.1%. After the caragana is treated as a cultivation substrate, the fruit quality and flavor of vegetables such as tomatoes and peppers can be significantly improved. It is an important cultivation method for producing high-quality vegetables and raising seedlings.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Crush the branches of Caragana japonica into 2-3cm long with a pulverizer, and sprinkle them with water (to make the relative water content 60-65%, that is, grab a handful of materials with your hands, and it is generally appropriate to see water between your fingers without dripping. standard), then add sterilized chicken manure 10kg, urea 3kg, bran 2.5kg and sawdust fermentation aid (Gymboree sawdust fermentation aid operating instructions, produced by Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd.) 0.5kg in every cubic meter of raw material, The addition of organic fertilizer and urea is mainly to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio and accelerate the fermentation speed. The bran and biological agent are mixed according to the ratio of 5:1, which also speeds up the fermentation speed. , the whole pile (including the bottom) is sealed with a plastic film (moisturizing, warming up), and fermented at a suitable ambient temperature of 20°C. When the center of the pile is above 65°C, turn over the pile once (observe the dryness and wetness of the material every time you turn over the material, and add water when it is dry to avoid prolonging the fermentation time and uneven fermentation. When adding water, grasp the material with your hands, When the material is loose and does not form lumps, water needs to be replenished until the relative water content is maintained at 60-65%, that is, a handful of materials should be grasped tightly by hand, and the water can be seen between the fingers), and then continue to pile up; when the temperature in the pile drops Fermentation is complete when the temperature is close to ambient.

After the fermentation is completed, add auxiliary materials (mainly organic fertilizer and perlite), and mix thoroughly according to the ratio of matrix ratio Caragana : organic fertilizer : perlite = 1:0.4:1 (volume ratio), and then the caragana is the main ingredient. Raw organic eco-type soilless culture substrate or seedling cultivation substrate.

Example 2

Crush the branches of Caragana japonica into 2-3cm long with a pulverizer, and sprinkle them with water (to make the relative water content 60-65%, that is, grab a handful of materials with your hands, and it is generally appropriate to see water between your fingers without dripping. standard), and then add 5 kg of sterilized pig manure, cow manure or sheep manure, 1 kg of urea, 2.5 kg of rice bran and straw fermentation aids to each cubic meter of raw materials (Gymboree straw feed fermentation aids operating instructions, Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd. produced) 0.5kg, wherein adding organic fertilizer and urea is mainly to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio and speed up the fermentation speed. Rice bran and biological bacteria agent are mixed according to the ratio of 5:1, which also speeds up the fermentation speed. - 4m wide heap, the whole heap (including the bottom) is sealed with a plastic film (moisturizing, warming up), and fermented at a suitable ambient temperature of 40°C. When the center of the pile is above 65°C, turn over the pile once (observe the dryness and wetness of the material every time you turn over the material, and add water when it is dry to avoid prolonging the fermentation time and uneven fermentation. When adding water, grasp the material with your hands, When the material is loose and does not form lumps, water needs to be replenished until the relative water content is maintained at 60-65%, that is, a handful of materials should be grasped tightly by hand, and the water can be seen between the fingers), and then continue to pile up; when the temperature in the pile drops Fermentation is complete when the temperature is close to ambient.

After the fermentation is completed, add auxiliary materials (mainly organic fertilizer and perlite), and mix thoroughly according to the ratio of matrix ratio Caragana : organic fertilizer : perlite = 1:0.6:0.6 (volume ratio), and then the caragana is the main ingredient. Raw organic eco-type soilless culture substrate or seedling growth substrate.

Example 3

Crush the branches of Caragana japonica into 2-3cm long with a pulverizer, and sprinkle them with water (to make the relative water content 60-65%, that is, grab a handful of materials with your hands, and it is generally appropriate to see water between your fingers without dripping. standard), then add cow dung 8g, urea 4g, corn flour 2.5kg and sawdust fermentation aid (Gymboree sawdust fermentation aid operating instructions (saw 1102), produced by Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd.) in every cubic meter of raw material 0.5kg, adding organic fertilizer and urea is mainly to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio and speed up the fermentation speed. The bran and biological agent are mixed according to the ratio of 5:1, which also speeds up the fermentation speed. For wide heaps, the whole heap (including the bottom) is sealed with a plastic film (moisturizing, warming up), and fermented at a suitable ambient temperature of 10-40°C. When the center of the pile is above 65°C, turn over the pile once (observe the dryness and wetness of the material every time you turn over the material, and add water when it is dry to avoid prolonging the fermentation time and uneven fermentation. When adding water, grasp the material with your hands, When the material is loose and does not form lumps, water needs to be replenished until the relative water content is maintained at 60-65%, that is, a handful of materials should be grasped tightly by hand, and the water can be seen between the fingers), and then continue to pile up; when the temperature in the pile drops Fermentation is complete when the temperature is close to ambient.

After the fermentation is completed, add auxiliary materials (mainly organic fertilizer and perlite), and mix thoroughly according to the ratio of matrix ratio Caragana : organic fertilizer : perlite = 1:0.5:0.8 (volume ratio), and then the caragana is the main ingredient. Raw organic eco-type soilless culture substrate or seedling cultivation substrate.

The specific implementation manners of the present invention are not limited to the manners provided in the above-mentioned embodiments.

Claims (8)

1. method of utilizing caragana microphylla production vegetable growing matrix and seedling medium, its production stage: caragana microphylla is pulverized, water spreads wet, add fertilizer, urea, wheat bran and biological rhzomorph, mixing, heap fermentation under 10 ℃～40 ℃ conditions of environmental temperature is when the heap central temperature is higher than 65 ℃, turn over awl, just finish fermentation when extremely temperature drops near environmental temperature in the heap; Then with the volume ratio caragana microphylla: fertilizer: the ratio of perlite=1: 0.4～0.6: 0.6～1 is fully mixed thoroughly and is got final product.

2. according to the described method of utilizing caragana microphylla production vegetable growing matrix and seedling medium of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described caragana microphylla is ground into 2～3cm.

3. according to the described method of utilizing caragana microphylla production vegetable growing matrix and seedling medium of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned fertilizer adopts every cubic metre of caragana microphylla to add fertilizer 5～10kg, and described fertilizer is chicken manure, pig manure, cow dung or the sheep excrement of sterilization.

4. according to the described method of utilizing caragana microphylla production vegetable growing matrix and seedling medium of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned urea adopts every cubic metre of caragana microphylla to add urea 1～4kg.

5. according to the described method of utilizing caragana microphylla production vegetable growing matrix and seedling medium of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned wheat bran adopts every cubic metre of caragana microphylla to add wheat bran 2.5kg.

6. according to claim 1 or the 5 described methods of utilizing caragana microphylla production vegetable growing matrix and seedling medium, it is characterized in that: described wheat bran can replace with rice bran or corn flour.

7. according to the described method of utilizing caragana microphylla production vegetable growing matrix and seedling medium of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned biological rhzomorph adds biological rhzomorph 0.5kg according to every cubic metre, and described biological rhzomorph is sawdust fermentation assistant or stalk fermentation auxiliary agent.

8. according to the described method of utilizing caragana microphylla production vegetable growing matrix and seedling medium of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in above-mentioned turning process, will keep the skin wet in good time.