CN101771237A - Parametric amplification or parametric conversion system of adjustable broadband laser pulse of spectral response curve - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及光谱响应曲线可调的宽带激光脉冲参量放大或转换系统，属于非线性强激光领域，其包括空间频率啁啾变换装置、分束、衰减与光学延迟装置及依次布置于光轴线上的部分反射镜、聚焦柱面透镜、扇形周期性极化晶体、滤波装置和准直柱面透镜，其中分束、衰减与光学延迟装置的输出泵浦脉冲呈45°入射至部分反射镜，且所述部分反射镜和滤波装置的安装方向与空间频率啁啾变换装置输出光轴呈45°夹角。本发明所述系统不但能实现输入信号带宽内所有频率成分的几乎相同增益的参量放大或转换，而且还可以根据需要调节各泵浦脉冲的强度与位置，改变频率响应曲线或输出脉冲的带宽与光谱特性。该系统具有装置简单、调校方便、晶体选择灵活等特点。
The invention relates to a broadband laser pulse parameter amplification or conversion system with an adjustable spectral response curve, which belongs to the field of nonlinear strong laser, and includes a spatial frequency chirp conversion device, a beam splitting, attenuation and optical delay device and sequentially arranged on the optical axis. A partial reflector, a focusing cylindrical lens, a fan-shaped periodically polarized crystal, a filtering device, and a collimating cylindrical lens, wherein the output pump pulse of the beam splitting, attenuation and optical delay device is incident on the partial reflector at 45°, and the The installation direction of the partial reflector and filter device is at an angle of 45° to the output optical axis of the spatial frequency chirp conversion device. The system of the present invention can not only realize parametric amplification or conversion of almost the same gain of all frequency components within the bandwidth of the input signal, but also can adjust the intensity and position of each pump pulse as required, and change the frequency response curve or the bandwidth and frequency of the output pulse. spectral properties. The system has the characteristics of simple device, convenient adjustment, and flexible crystal selection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of adjustable broadband laser pulse parameter of input and output spectral response curve of realizing amplifies or converting system, this system can realize that not only the parameter of the gain much at one of all frequency contents in the input signal bandwidth amplifies or conversion, but also can regulate the intensity and the position of each pumping pulse as required, change the spectral response curve of described parameter amplification or converting system or the bandwidth and the spectral characteristic of output pulse, belong to non-linear light laser field.
Background technology
The parameter of broadband ultrashort laser pulse amplifies (or parameter change) and is different from laser of narrowband, because all there is effect of dispersion inevitably in nonlinear crystal, promptly phase velocity and the group velocity of the light of different frequency in crystal is different.For anisotropic nonlinear crystal, can utilize the birefringence effect of crystal to compensate the phase velocity difference that causes by effect of dispersion, realize phase matched, i.e. birefringent phase matching technique (BPM).Equally, also can utilize the birefringence effect of crystal to realize group velocity coupling (GVM).Yet generally speaking, for the anisotropic nonlinear crystal of major part, these two couplings can't satisfy simultaneously, generally do not overlap because satisfy two matching directions of BPM and GVM.For isotropic nonlinear crystal, can utilize the positive and negative normal chromatic dispersion of crystal to realize what phase matched (PM) and group velocity were mated.Yet these two couplings also can't satisfy simultaneously, because it is normally different to satisfy the ratio of PM and the desired positive and negative normal chromatic dispersion material of GVM.At present, the phase place of amplifying (or parameter change) at broadband parametric mainly comprises with the solution of group velocity matching problem: non-colinear phase matched, inclination of wave front group velocity coupling, degeneracy point phase matched, multi-angle pumping phase matched and the pumping of time domain delay dipulse are warbled and are mated etc.
These schemes all respectively have pluses and minuses, non-colinear phase matched and inclination of wave front group velocity coupling light channel structure are simple, but limited bandwidth, not only light channel structure is simple for degeneracy point phase matched method, and can obtain bigger bandwidth, but different crystal can only be applied on the specific frequency, though and multi-angle pumping phase matched and time domain postpone the dipulse pumping coupling of warbling and can obtain maximum bandwidth, but its complex structure, and multi-angle pumping phase matched is because a plurality of light beams intersect simultaneously at same position, and its input power density is restricted.
Summary of the invention
For improving the bandwidth that the laser pulse parameter amplifies (or parameter change), the object of the invention aims to provide that a kind of simple in structure, adjustment is convenient, crystal selects flexibly that the adjustable broadband laser pulse parameter of spectral response curve amplifies or converting system, the parameter that not only can realize the gain much at one of all frequency contents in the input signal bandwidth amplifies, but also can regulate output bandwidth and response curve as required.
For achieving the above object, the basic technology scheme that the present invention takes is, the broadband laser pulse parameter that a kind of spectral response curve is adjustable amplifies or the parameter converting system, comprise the spatial frequency converting means of warbling, beam splitting, decay and optical delay device and be arranged in warble partially reflecting mirror on the converting means optical axis of spatial frequency successively, focusing cylindrical lens, fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal, filter and collimation cylindrical lens, wherein beam splitting, decay is 45 ° with the output pumping pulse of optical delay device and is incident to partially reflecting mirror, and the installation direction of described partially reflecting mirror and filter and the spatial frequency converting means output optical axis of warbling is 45 ° of angles.
As specific embodiment, described pumping pulse beam splitting, decay and deferred mount can be made up of partially reflecting mirror, attenuator, optical delay line and speculum, the input pumping pulse is behind optical delay line, incide partially reflecting mirror, partially reflecting mirror reverberation part is a branch of pumping pulse of output behind adjustable attenuator, partially reflecting mirror transmitted light part is also exported a branch of pumping pulse after inciding another adjustable attenuator after the mirror reflects.The beam split ratio of partially reflecting mirror can realize by selecting the different piece speculum.Corresponding increase partially reflecting mirror etc. can obtain more multiple laser pumping pulse, and partially reflecting mirror incides the diverse location of fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal after the pumping laser pulse is divided into 2 bundles or multiple laser light beam by a certain percentage in pumping pulse beam splitting, decay and the deferred mount; Wherein attenuator is used to regulate the intensity of each pumping laser pulse; Optical delay line is used to regulate the time relationship between each pumping laser pulse after the time synchronized of pumping laser pulse and broadband laser pulse and the beam splitting.
The described spatial frequency converting means of warbling can be made of, grating, rib grid, body grating etc. tilt flat plate glass, prism, broadband laser pulse is transformed into broad-adjustable spatial frequency chirped pulse, and all frequency contents of described spatial frequency chirped pulse are distributed in the diverse location on a certain axle of horizontal space, are parallel to each other.
Described partially reflecting mirror has transmission and reflection function, and the pumping pulse that miter angle is imported reflexes to focusing cylindrical lens, will import broadband laser pulse simultaneously and directly be transmitted to focusing cylindrical lens.
Described focusing cylindrical lens focuses on appropriate location on the fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal axle with each broadband laser pulse of importing.
Described fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal, the variation of polarization cycle on horizontal a certain axle that can satisfy the accurate phase matched of different frequency composition becomes corresponding relation with the frequency change of spatial frequency chirped pulse, after above-mentioned pulse incident, on spatial frequency is warbled direction, fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal is carried out up-down adjustment, make all frequency contents of spatial frequency chirped pulse can both be in the parallel incident of optimum phase matched position.The spatial frequency chirped pulse both can vertical fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal surface feeding sputtering, also suitably angle tilt incident.
Described filter can adopt dichronic mirror or filter plate, and the different-waveband laser pulse of exporting after the fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal conversion is separated, and exports the laser pulse of required wave band.
Described collimation cylindrical lens is with the laser pulse collimation back output of dichronic mirror output;
Preferred version according to embodiment is, the described spatial frequency converting means of warbling specifically is made of the grating lens group that a diffraction grating and convex lens are formed, wherein the focus of convex lens is in the center of laser pulse incident, and optical axis is consistent to the centre frequency diffraction direction of broadband laser pulse first-order diffraction with diffraction grating.When the broadband of laser pulse was big, described convex lens and focusing cylindrical lens adopted achromatic lens.
Described pumping pulse can the laser of narrowband pulse also can be a broadband laser pulse.For the different frequency composition being carried out the regulation and control of space amplitude and phase place, to realize more complicated input and output response curve, based on above-mentioned basic structure basis, can be in fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal front side or rear side increasing degree spatial light modulator or phase spatial light modulator.
Design principle of the present invention is to utilize the pumping laser pulse frequency content different with wideband pulse to realize accurate phase matched (QPM) simultaneously by the diverse location of periodic polarized crystal, promptly utilize chromatic dispersion elements such as grating or prism to warble converting means with spatially mutual the separating of frequency contents different in the wideband pulse as spatial frequency, become the spatial frequency chirped pulse that different frequency content light paths is parallel to each other, change the pulse incident angle, optical component parameter (as the parameter of grating or prism) and the distance between them, can be so that the parallel diverse location that incides on the horizontal a certain axle of fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal of different frequency contents, with the overlapping and time synchronized in pumping laser pulse implementation space, realize accurate phase matched (QPM) in different paths, make different frequency contents realize that at the diverse location of crystal the parameter of gain much at one amplifies or nonlinear frequency transformation, simultaneously, the also intensity and the position of each pumping pulse light beam of flexible as required change that this parameter amplifies or the bandwidth and the spectral characteristic of the spectral response curve of converting system or output pulse.
The broadband laser pulse parameter that spectral response curve of the present invention is adjustable amplifies or converting system comprises following three major parts:
One is the wideband pulse spatial frequency converting means of warbling, every device that broadband laser pulse can be transformed into broad-adjustable spatial frequency chirped pulse can, usually tilt flat plate glass, prism, grating, rib grid, body grating etc. are made of, the broadband laser pulse of input is transformed into broad-adjustable spatial frequency chirped pulse through the spatial frequency converting means of warbling;
One is pumping laser pulse beam split, decay and the delay adjusting device that is made of partially reflecting mirror, attenuator and optical delay line, and the pumping laser pulse of input is transformed to 2 bundle or all adjustable laser pulses of multi beam light intensity, position and delay through beam splitting, decay and deferred mount;
One is to be placed on warble fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal (or other have the nonlinear optical crystal of similar characteristics) on the output light path of converting means of wideband pulse spatial frequency.Pumping laser pulse and spatial frequency chirped pulse incide fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal synchronously, realize the optimum phase coupling in the different paths of crystal, realize that parameter amplifies or parameter change.
Wideband pulse spatial frequency warble the spatial frequency chirped pulse and the pumping pulse beam split of converting means output, decay is incided on the end face of fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal simultaneously with the pumping pulse that postpones adjusting device output, the pumping pulse incoming position can be as required by regulating beam split, decay is regulated arbitrarily with the light path that postpones adjusting device, make the different frequency composition of different pumping pulse light beams and chirped pulse overlapping at diverse location, and the position of spatial frequency chirped pulse centre frequency also can be regulated, thereby make the different spectral components of wideband pulse can both realize the optimum phase coupling at diverse location with different pumping laser pulsed light beams, the all spectral components of wideband pulse are interacted in separately different path and different pumping laser pulsed light beam, realize that broadband parametric is amplified or parameter change efficiently, regulate the intensity and the position of each pumping pulse light beam, just can change the frequency response curve of parameter amplification or parameter change system or the bandwidth and the spectral characteristic of output pulse easily and flexibly.All incident laser pulses both can impinge perpendicularly in the fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal, angle tilt incident that also can be suitable.Take out required frequency range laser pulse and collimate back output by dichronic mirror after the conversion by the collimation cylindrical lens.
Pumping pulse of the present invention can the laser of narrowband pulse also can be a broadband laser pulse, and on above-mentioned basic structure basis, can be as required, increasing degree spatial light modulator, phase spatial light modulator etc. carry out space amplitude and phase place regulation and control to the different frequency composition before and after fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal, to realize more complicated input and output response curve.
Broadband laser pulse parameter of the present invention amplifies or converting system can realize that not only the parameter that all frequency contents gain much at one in the input signal bandwidth amplifies, but also governing response curve or output bandwidth and spectral characteristic as required.By selecting different periodic polarized crystal parameters for use, this light path system is equally applicable to and optical parameter processes such as frequency, difference frequency, and has characteristics such as simplicity of design, adjustment is convenient, the crystal selection is flexible.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the adjustable broadband laser pulse parameter of spectral response curve amplifies or the converting system schematic diagram among the embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal among Fig. 2.
In the accompanying drawings:
The 1-spatial frequency warble converting means 2-beam splitting, the decay with the delay adjusting device
The fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal of 3-partially reflecting mirror 4-focusing cylindrical lens 5-
6-filter 7-collimation cylindrical lens 8-diffraction grating 9-convex lens
10-optical delay line 11-speculum 12-partially reflecting mirror 13-attenuator
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described further:
As Fig. 1, present embodiment provides the adjustable broadband laser pulse parameter of a kind of spectral response curve to amplify or converting system, comprise spatial frequency warble converting means 1 (can by tilt flat plate glass, prism to, rib grid to, body grating to or grating lens group etc. constitute), beam splitting, decay is with optical delay device 2 (can be made up of partially reflecting mirror, attenuator and light delay line etc.), partially reflecting mirror 3, focusing cylindrical lens 4, fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal 5 (as shown in Figure 3), filter 6 and collimate cylindrical lens 7.Wideband pulse spatial frequency warble the spatial frequency chirped pulse and the pumping pulse beam splitting of converting means 1 output, decay is incided on the end face of fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal 5 through partially reflecting mirror 3 and focusing cylindrical lens 4 simultaneously with the pumping pulse that postpones adjusting device 2 outputs, the pumping pulse incoming position can be as required by regulating beam split, decay is regulated arbitrarily with the light path that postpones adjusting device, make the different frequency composition of different pumping pulse light beams and chirped pulse overlapping at diverse location, and the position of spatial frequency chirped pulse centre frequency also can be regulated, thereby make the different spectral components of wideband pulse can both realize the optimum phase coupling at diverse location with different pumping laser pulsed light beams, the all spectral components of wideband pulse are interacted in separately different path and different pumping laser pulsed light beam, realize that broadband parametric is amplified or nonlinear frequency transformation efficiently, regulate the intensity and the position of each pumping pulse light beam, just can change the frequency response curve of this parameter amplification or converting system or the bandwidth and the spectral characteristic of output pulse easily and flexibly.The laser pulse of all incidents both can impinge perpendicularly in the fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal (among the figure 5), angle tilt incident that also can be suitable.Take out required frequency range laser pulse and collimate back output by dichronic mirror 6 after the conversion by collimation cylindrical lens 7.
As shown in Figure 2, wherein the spatial frequency grating lens group that converting means 1 is made up of a diffraction grating 8 and convex lens 9 of warbling constitutes.The focus of convex lens 9 is in the center of laser pulse incident, and optical axis is consistent to the centre frequency diffraction direction of laser pulse first-order diffraction with diffraction grating, if achromatic convex lens is more preferably used in the broadband of laser pulse.Broadband laser pulse incides on the diffraction grating 8 with certain angle, because the dispersion interaction of grating, the angle of diffraction of different frequency composition is different in the pulse, produce the spectrum angle dispersion, through becoming the spatial frequency chirped pulse that each frequency content is parallel to each other and exports behind the convex lens 9, it after partially reflecting mirror 3 and focusing cylindrical lens 4 focusing, incides the diverse location of fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal 5 end faces as the space chirp input pulse.
The fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal 5 of present embodiment as shown in Figure 3, the polarization cycle of its center path is by the optimum phase matching Design according to the centre frequency of broadband laser pulse and pumping pulse, the fan-out angle of crystal polarization cycle also is to determine according to the bandwidth of laser pulse, the method for designing of concrete property reference cycle polarized crystal is carried out, because its method for designing is a prior art, not in the scope of the invention, do not describe in detail at this.The fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal 5 of up-down adjustment on spatial frequency is warbled direction, the frequency content of incident pulse centre frequency is entered from the optimum phase matched position, realize the harmonic conversion of centre frequency peak efficiency, then, change grating constant and the incidence angle of laser pulse or the focal length of change convex lens 9 of diffraction grating 8, the space width of scalable frequency chirp pulse makes other frequency contents also enter fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal 5 with the optimum phase matched position; Pumping pulse is through optical delay line 10, speculum 11, behind partially reflecting mirror 12 and the attenuator, obtain light intensity, the all adjustable 2 bundle pumping pulse light beams of position and delay, after partially reflecting mirror 3 and focusing cylindrical lens 4 focusing, incide fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal 5 equally, regulate the optical axis position of each pump beam, make them overlapping with the spectral component of different wideband pulse respectively, the all spectral components of wideband pulse are interacted in fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal 5 with different pumping laser pulsed light beam in separately different path, realize that broadband parametric is amplified or nonlinear frequency transformation efficiently, regulate the intensity and the position of each pumping pulse light beam, just can change the frequency response curve of amplification of this parameter or converting system or the bandwidth and the spectral characteristic of output pulse easily and flexibly.The laser pulse of all incidents both can impinge perpendicularly in the fan-shaped periodic polarized crystal, angle tilt incident that also can be suitable, and concrete angle can be adjusted according to the measurement situation.Take out required frequency range laser pulse and collimate back output by dichronic mirror 6 after the conversion by collimation cylindrical lens 7.
The foregoing description is not in order to qualification the present invention, any those skilled in the art, and in not breaking away from essence spirit of the present invention and scope, various variations and the modification done should be all in protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN116224611A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-06-06 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Arbitrary Time Waveform Optical Pulse Generator |
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