CN101801663A - 减震式连接组件 - Google Patents

减震式连接组件 Download PDF

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CN101801663A
CN101801663A CN200880104606A CN200880104606A CN101801663A CN 101801663 A CN101801663 A CN 101801663A CN 200880104606 A CN200880104606 A CN 200880104606A CN 200880104606 A CN200880104606 A CN 200880104606A CN 101801663 A CN101801663 A CN 101801663A
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coupling assembling
sandwich
sandwich assembly
base plate
substrate
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托尔斯滕·伯格尔
奥利弗·克莱因施密特
洛塔尔·帕特博格
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种连接组件，其包括至少一个基板和至少一个设置在基板上的夹心组件，本发明还涉及一种根据本发明的连接组件的有利应用。本发明的目的在于提出一种具有良好减震性能的连接组件，该连接组件能够以简单的方式制造并且适用于轻便结构方案，该目的由此而实现，即夹心组件(5)具有至少两个外板(6、7)和至少一个设置在两板(6、7)之间的塑料层(8)。

Description

减震式连接组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种连接组件，其包括至少一个基板和至少一个设置在基板上的夹心组件，本发明还涉及一种根据本发明的连接组件的有利应用。
背景技术
在现有技术中已知多种连接组件，其例如设计为双层板或拼接板，也就是说带有局部附加连接件的板。例如在DE 43 07 563中公开了一种用于制造连接组件的方法，在该方法中，基板与强化板一同进行深冲处理，随后强化板与基板连接。这样制成的连接组件具有较高的组件坚硬度。但是，已知连接组件的减震性能尚待改善，以至于使用相应的连接组件，例如作为机动车中的前壁板使用时仍需要进行额外的减震措施。在现有技术中还已知一种减震式连接组件，其中在基板上安装有聚合物承重垫(减震装置)和/或减震材料(例如一种无纺织物)。然而，已知的减震式连接组件的重量却相当大。
发明内容
基于以上理由，本发明的目的在于提出一种具有良好减震性能的连接组件，该连接组件能够以简单的方式制造并且适用于轻便结构方案。此外，本发明的另一目的在于提出一种根据本发明的连接组件的有利应用。
根据本发明的第一意图通过这种类型的连接组件来实现，即夹心组件具有至少两个外板和至少一个设置在两板之间的塑料层。
其中可以看出，设置在夹心结构的两板之间的塑料层为连接组件提供了良好的减震性能并且由此而承担了减震物的作用，而且不会具有很大的质量。相应地，具有设置在两板之间的塑料层的夹心组件能够相当简单地制造。对此业已能够实现，尽管具备良好的减震性能但同时保持了较小的质量，从而根据本发明的连接组件也能够用于轻便结构方案。
根据本发明的连接组件的减震性能能够以这样的方式进一步改进，即塑料层由一种黏弹性的聚合物制成。在此，通过基板震荡而进入到夹心组件中的机械能能够被更好地吸收，并且由夹心组件接受的震荡被急剧消除。
根据本发明的连接组件的进一步改进的实施例，夹心组件具有一种提高连接组件坚硬度的结构。例如框架结构、凸凹结构、轧压结构、析痕结构和/或球状结构都能够设置为提高坚硬度的结构。通过相应的结构将进一步地降低夹心组件的板厚度，从而实现了重量的进一步的降低。
优选地，夹心组件与基板材料配合地通过焊接、粘结或焊连进行连接。材料配合的连接方式提供了根据本发明的连接组件的最大化坚硬度。相对于焊连和焊接，连接组件的声响性质还能够通过粘结进一步地改进，因为在基于不同材质，也就是金属和粘合剂的粘结过程中，在震荡从板到夹心结构上传递时出现的震荡能量能够被吸收。在夹心结构与基板大面积粘结时，在机动车中的冲撞相关的组件尤其能够将冲撞事故中出现的变形能量大面积地引导到夹心结构中。连接组件的抗冲撞能力由此能够进一步被改善。
根据本发明的连接组件的另一实施例，为了夹心组件与基板粘结设有一种环氧树脂，其中该环氧树脂的层厚优选为最大0.5mm，特别优选为最大0.3mm。环氧树脂能够例如以加热的方式固化，从而夹心组件和基板之间的连接能够通过简单的加热两个组件而实现。在最大0.5mm或0.3mm的层厚时能够为基板和夹心组件提供最佳的连接牢固度。优选地，根据一种阴极浸渍涂布法进行热传送，这种热传送通常在140到220℃的范围内进行，从而根据本发明的连接组件的制造流程能够简单地整合在现有的制造条件中，尤其是集成在框架制造中。夹心组件的粘结也可以以一种涂油的基板实现，其中可以放弃用于去除被动抗腐蚀层的措施，因为以此能够填充凹坑。
根据本发明的减震性能的进一步改进以这样的方式实现，即为了夹心组件与基板粘结使用到一种橡胶或基于聚氨酯的粘合剂，其层厚优选为最大5mm，尤其是最大3mm。如果使用聚氨酯，则能够通过潮湿的效果实现基板和夹心组件之间连接的第一牢固度，从而在最终固化连接之前就能够使得夹心组件固定到基板上。随后，通过针对性的热量传送能够固化基板和夹心组件之间的连接，从而实现了基板和夹心组件之间相对无压力的连接。也可以考虑在已涂敷的基板上例如进行一种冷凌的粘结，尤其是当没有热处理时，例如进行阴极浸渍涂布法。
优选地，基板在与夹心组件连接之前被变形，以便于例如进一步地提高连接组件的坚硬度。
对于粘结可选的是，夹心组件可以通过点焊、激光焊或电阻焊与基板连接。对此在电阻焊时，夹心组件的两板之间的层将构成可导电的。所有上述焊接方法都是可行的，即这些焊接方法可以自动并灵活地进行，从而其应用原理将能够降低用于制造根据本发明的连接组件的成本。
在根据本发明的连接组件的使用条件上的良好适配以这样的方式实现，即在基板上设有多个夹心组件。
根据本发明的连接组件的另一实施例，基板和/或夹心组件由钢板或合金钢板制成，以确保例如使用到机动车中所需的坚硬度。
优选地，连接组件的至少一块板至少部分地涂敷有金属和/或有机物。通过涂敷物能够改善根据本发明的连接组件的特定属性。例如通过镀锌板实现改善的抗腐蚀性能。当然这也可以通过有机的涂敷物来实现。
根据本发明的第二意图，上述目的通过根据本发明的组件在机动车中的应用，尤其是作为机动车前壁的应用来实现。如上文所述，根据本发明的连接组件具有关于减震同时具备高组件坚硬度且重量轻的有利性能。此外，设置在基板上的夹心组件也可以用作抗撞击部件。因此，分割驾驶室与乘客舱的前壁是根据本发明的连接组件的一种典型的应用情况。只要是存在结构空间，也可以考虑根据本发明的连接组件在机动车中的其他应用情况。基于板的加固且同时减震的性质，根据本发明的连接组件也可以应用于机动车底板，优选在通道区域中，后壁的区域中，也就是乘客舱和行李箱之间分割壁，或者载货面及例如衣帽架上，这都是有利的。在上述应用领域中，一方面会出现不理想的震动，另一方面同时也要求较高的组件坚硬度。
附图说明
当前设计并改进了多个根据本发明的连接组件的可行性方案。为此，一方面通过权利要求1随后的从属权利要求得以证实，另一方面通过说明书中两个实施例并结合附图来进行说明。在附图中，
图1以示意的截面图示出了现有技术中已知的减震式连接组件，
图2a)和b)以示意截面图示出了根据本发明的连接组件的两个实施例，并且
图3a)和b)以示意截面图示出了根据本发明的连接组件的另两个实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出了在现有技术中已知的具有良好减震性能的连接组件。所示出的连接组件包括基板1、固定在其上的减震材料(例如无纺织物)2以及承重层3(减震垫)。减震垫3为了实现已知连接组件的减震性能必须具有相当大的质量，以便于传输震荡而达到减震效果。从中能够清楚的看到，至今所使用的减震式连接组件对于轻便的结构方案具有相当大的重量。此外，图1所示的连接组件的组件坚硬度还有待改进。
图2示出了根据本发明的连接组件的实施例，该连接组件由一基板1和一夹心组件5构成，该夹心组件包括第一板6、第二板7和设置于其间的塑料层8。夹心组件5还具有一种结构，其用于提高根据本发明的连接组件的实施例的坚硬度。为改善声响性质，夹心组件通过粘结点9与基板1连接。基于基板1的金属、粘结点9和夹心组件5之间的材料通道，在粘结点9上实现了一种额外的减震效果。如图2a)还示出，基板1被变形，以便于容纳夹心组件5。通过设置根据图2b)的夹心组件进一步地提高了连接组件的坚硬度。
夹心组件5以这样的形式构造，即两块板6、7(具有相同的厚度，例如0.5mm)与厚度例如为50μm的黏弹性的聚合物层连接。聚合物层可以按照应用情况为15到1500μm，优选为20到50μm。板6、7的板厚度可以在0.2mm和2mm之间进行调整。
在减震性能上的一个积极的影响由此而实现，即基板1和夹心组件5之间的连接通过一种环氧树脂胶9(具有大约0.2mm的层厚)实现。在框架制造中，基板1例如设置有涂油的状态。夹心组件5和基板1之间的粘合剂将吸收震动，该震动从基板1传输到夹心组件5上并且会起到额外减少震动的作用。为了固化基板1和夹心组件5之间的连接，整个连接组件例如通过阴极浸渍涂布法加热到大约180℃。
在图3中示出了根据本发明的连接组件的另一实施例，该实施例与图2实施例的区别在于，该连接组件由具有不同厚度的板6、7构成。黏弹性的聚合物层8在本实施例中为例如0.5mm。当第一板6的板厚为1.2mm并且第二板7的板厚为大约0.5mm时是相符的。这些层的厚度在此没有采用比例尺的方式示出。通过夹心组件5的构造尤其能够反映到额外的减震要求上。然而，夹心组件5也可以在应用连接组件时使用到前壁中或作为前壁使用，该前壁例如用于分隔机动车的乘客舱和发动机舱，其也作为抗撞击部件，以至于改善乘客舱的安全性。
根据图3b)的连接组件的设计方案比根据图3a)的实施例起到实质上更高的坚硬度的效果。夹心组件的设置方式要根据相应的安装情况，其中根据图3a)和3b)的两个实施例都能够具有足够的减震性能。
在这些实施例中，对于粘合剂来说，其是冷凝的，并且最初将通过阴极浸渍涂布法处于被涂敷的板上。

Claims (11)

1.一种连接组件，其包括至少一个基板和至少一个设置在所述基板(1)上的夹心组件(5)，其特征在于，所述夹心组件(5)具有至少两个外板(6、7)和至少一个设置在所述两板(6、7)之间的塑料层(8)，其中所述夹心组件(5)还具有提高连接组件坚硬度的结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的连接组件，其特征在于，所述塑料层(8)由一种黏弹性的聚合物制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的连接组件，其特征在于，所述夹心组件(5)与所述基板(1)材料配合地通过焊接、粘结或焊连进行连接。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的连接组件，其特征在于，为了所述夹心组件(5)与所述基板(1)粘结设有一种环氧树脂(9)，其中所述环氧树脂的层厚优选为最大0.5mm，特别优选为最大0.3mm。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的连接组件，其特征在于，为了所述夹心组件(5)与所述基板(1)粘结使用到一种基于聚氨酯的粘合剂，所述粘合剂层厚优选为最大5mm，尤其是最大3mm。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的连接组件，其特征在于，所述基板(1)在与所述夹心组件(5)连接之前被变形。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的连接组件，其特征在于，所述夹心组件(5)通过点焊、激光焊或电阻焊与所述基板(1)连接。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的连接组件，其特征在于，在所述基板(1)上设有多个所述夹心组件(5)。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的连接组件，其特征在于，所述基板(1)和/或所述夹心组件(5)由钢板或合金钢板制成。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的连接组件，其特征在于，所述连接组件的至少一块板(1、6、7)至少部分地涂敷有金属和/或有机物。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的连接组件，尤其是作为前壁应用于机动车中，应用于底板中，优选应用于通道区域中，应用于后壁的区域中，或者作为机动车的衣帽架应用。
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