CN101804318A - Preparation of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres and application thereof to Cr<6+> removal - Google Patents

Preparation of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres and application thereof to Cr<6+> removal Download PDF

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CN101804318A
CN101804318A CN 201010151035 CN201010151035A CN101804318A CN 101804318 A CN101804318 A CN 101804318A CN 201010151035 CN201010151035 CN 201010151035 CN 201010151035 A CN201010151035 A CN 201010151035A CN 101804318 A CN101804318 A CN 101804318A
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lanthanum
porous microspheres
preparation
doped ceria
cerium dioxide
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于然波
曾俐
杨晓丹
邓金侠
陈骏
邢献然
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

The invention provides preparation of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres and application thereof to Cr<6+> removal. The lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres are prepared by using a coprecipitation method, so the lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres have the characteristics of small size, high specific surface area and high activity of nanometer materials and the characteristics of rich hole passages, high specific surface area, high hole volume and the like of porous materials. The method of the invention has the following concrete steps: preparing solid Ce(NO3)3.6H2O and La(NO3)3.6H2O into a required solution according to the atomic ratio; stirring and heating the mixed solution; then, dripping a formic acid into the mixed solution; repeatedly washing and drying the materials after the centrifugation; then, placing the materials into a muffle furnace to be sintered; and obtaining the lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres after cooling. The preparation method of the lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres of the invention is simple, the synthesis temperature is low, the cost can be saved, and the preparation effect is good. The lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres have high Cr<6+> removal capability in the aspect of sewage treatment, have certain application prospects in the aspect of pollution control, and belong to an ideal rare-earth absorbing agent.

Description

A kind of preparation of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres and to Cr 6+Removal use
Technical field
The invention belongs to rare earth oxide material field or technical field of waste water processing, relate to a kind of preparation method and application thereof of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres, relate in particular to a kind of preparation of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres and as adsorbent to Cr in the aqueous solution 6+Removal use.
Background technology
Cerium oxide is a kind of cheapness and the extremely wide Multifunction material of purposes.Because its unique cubic system fluorite structure and high oxygen ionic conductivity, oxygen storage capacity, participate in redox reaction, characteristics such as specific area is big, make it extensively apply to heterogeneous absorption, SOFC, lambda sensor, the low temperature water gas shift reation, fields such as the polishing of oxygen permeable membrane system, luminescent material, UV absorption material, glass, radiation resistant glass, electronic ceramics.
Because the specific area of nanometer powder is big, active high, therefore along with the development of rare earth new material, the performance of rare earth nano powder in materials such as magnetic material, superconductor, fluorescent material, sensor and superhigh temperature heat-resisting alloy is existing significantly to be improved.Yet nano particle is because of the undersized shortcomings such as being easy to reunite, being difficult to recycling that often exists, and therefore in recent years, micron-sized nanometer assembled material has caused the more concerns of people.It is found that micron-sized nanometer assembling CeO 2Have new excellent properties and application, CeO 2Preparation, functional characteristic and the application study of base Nano/micron material have become a problem that presses for research.
Heavy metal chromium and compound thereof are widely used industrial, plating, process hides, pigment, chemical industry, pharmacy, chromium salt production, industry light industry textile industry, mining smelting etc.Chromium is often with trivalent (Cr in water 3+) and sexavalence ion (Cr 6+) the form existence.In the industrial wastewater, chromium mainly exists with the sexavalence form, Cr 6+Have very strong bio-toxicity, can pass through alimentary canal, skin and mucous membrane and invade health, cause nausea, vomiting, rhinitis, laryngitis, eczema etc., under the long term, can cause illnesss such as anaemia, pulmonary emphysema, bronchiectasis, this is with the serious threat human health.Processing method commonly used has electronation and the precipitation method, ion-exchange, the barium chromate precipitation method, electrolysis, absorption method etc., wherein absorption method have simple to operate, characteristics such as investment cost is few, and treatment effect is good thereby quite paid attention to.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide the lanthanum doping titanium dioxide porous microsphere that a kind of low temperature simple method for preparing acquisition cheaply tool nano material small size, high-specific surface area, high activity and porous material enrich features such as duct, high-specific surface area, high pore volume.
A kind of preparation method of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres is to utilize the coprecipitation preparation to have the lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres powder that nano material small size, high-specific surface area, high activity and porous material enrich duct, high-specific surface area, high pore volume concurrently.
A kind of preparation method of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: with La (NO 3) 36H 2O, Ce (NO 3) 36H 2O presses La 3+Mix the atom proportioning and be 10%～60% and be dissolved in and be mixed with reaction solution in the absolute ethyl alcohol, it is 0.1molL that GOLD FROM PLATING SOLUTION belongs to the ion concentration summation -1, entire reaction course is that mixed solution is heated with stirring to 60～90 ℃, after, to La/Ce mixed solution and dripping formic acid solution, make that the concentration of H+ in reaction is 0.01～0.24molL -1Between; Metal ion is fully precipitated, form white suspension.
Step 2: gained white suspension is centrifugal, use the ethanol cyclic washing, oven dry obtains presoma, and is standby.
Step 3: with presoma sintering in Muffle furnace of gained in the step 2, sintering temperature is 350～500 ℃, and sintering time 2～4h promptly obtains lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres after the cooling.
Another object of the present invention be the lanthanum doping titanium dioxide porous microsphere that will prepare as rare-earth adsorbent to Cr in the aqueous solution 6+Remove.
The lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres for preparing as stated above as rare-earth adsorbent to Cr in the aqueous solution 6+Removal use.Its method is:
The doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres of getting the multiple lanthanum content for preparing in right amount places Cr as adsorbent 6+Content is 0～60mgL -1The aqueous solution in, the adsorbent use amount is 0.4～6gL -1At room temperature, with 1molL -1HCl and 1molL -1NH 3H 2O conditioned reaction system pH is 1～6, and the reaction time is 1～1380min, Cr 6+Clearance is 15～95%.
The described aqueous solution is Cr 6+Content is 0～60mgL -1The aqueous solution.
The described aqueous solution is with K 2Cr 2O 7The Cr that is mixed with for raw material 6+Content is 0～60mgL -1The aqueous solution.
Lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres as adsorbent to Cr in the aqueous solution 6+Removal use.Studied different lanthanum dopings, different pH values, different adsorbent consumption, different adsorption time are to the influence of experimental result.Its characterization result is as follows: lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous micron ball largest specific surface area reaches 197m 2G -1And under the room temperature, for Cr 6+Ion concentration is 20mgL -1The aqueous solution, the optimal adsorption condition is for selecting for use lanthanum doping 20% porous micron ball as rare-earth adsorbent, consumption is 2gL -1, pH value of solution is 3, adsorption time 5h, Cr 6+Clearance can reach 97%.
The invention has the advantages that: the preparation method of a kind of lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres of the present invention is simple, and synthesis temperature is low; Investment cost is few, prepares advantages such as effective.Aspect sewage disposal, find that it has to remove Cr preferably 6+Ability, at the pollution controlling party mask of heavy metal ion certain application prospect is arranged, be a kind of more satisfactory rare earth based adsorbent.
Description of drawings
The XRD figure spectrum of Fig. 1 lanthanum doping 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% presoma cesium formate;
Fig. 2 sintering temperature is 400 ℃, and sintering time is 10%, 20%, 40%, the 60% lanthanum doped Ce O that synthesizes under the condition of 3h 2XRD figure spectrum;
Fig. 3 sintering temperature is 400 ℃, and sintering time is the 20% lanthanum doped Ce O that synthesizes under the condition of 3h 2Sem photograph;
The sample of the different lanthanum dopings of Fig. 4 is to Cr 6+Absorption property.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
With 1.7369g Ce (NO 3) 36H 2O and 0.4330g La (NO 3) 36H 2The O mixing is dissolved in the 50mL absolute ethyl alcohol, and high degree of agitation 20min is heated to mixed solution 75 ℃ simultaneously, slowly drips formic acid solution then in mixed solution, and metal ion is fully precipitated.With gained white suspension in 9000rmin -1Centrifugal, use the absolute ethyl alcohol cyclic washing, oven dry.With gained presoma 400 ℃ of roasting 3h in Muffle furnace, promptly obtain the pale yellow powder of 20% lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres after the cooling, the surface area of this sample is 197m 2G -1
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum of lanthanum doping 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% presoma cesium formate, as seen from the figure, along with improving constantly to 60% of lanthanum doping, still can synthesize pure cesium formate.Fig. 2 is that sintering temperature is 400 ℃, and sintering time is 10%, 20%, 40%, the 60% lanthanum doped Ce O that synthesizes under the condition of 3h 2XRD figure spectrum, as seen from the figure, along with improving constantly of lanthanum doping, the angle of diffraction constantly is offset to low angle.Fig. 3 is that sintering temperature is 400 ℃, and sintering time is the 20% lanthanum doped Ce O that synthesizes under the condition of 3h 2Sem photograph.
Embodiment two
With 1.95404g Ce (NO 3) 36H 2O and 0.21651g La (NO 3) 36H 2The O mixing is dissolved in the 50mL absolute ethyl alcohol, and high degree of agitation 20min is heated to mixed solution 75 ℃ simultaneously, slowly drips formic acid solution then in mixed solution, and metal ion is fully precipitated.With gained white suspension in 9000rmin -1Centrifugal, use the absolute ethyl alcohol cyclic washing, oven dry.With gained presoma 400 ℃ of roasting 3h in Muffle furnace, promptly obtain the pale yellow powder of 10% lanthanum doping cerium dioxide porous microspheres after the cooling, the surface area of this sample is 147m 2G -1
Embodiment three
Take by weighing the 20% cerium dioxide porous micron ball 0.05g of lanthanum doping for preparing, joining initial concentration is 10mgL -1Cr 6+Among the solution 25mL, use 1molL -1HCl and 1molL -1NH 3H 2The pH value of O regulator solution is respectively between 2～6, and adsorption time 5h measures remaining Cr in the solution 6+Ion concentration.Through the characterization result analysis: the lanthanum doping is that 20% cerium dioxide porous micron ball is 10mgL at initial concentration -1Cr 6+In the solution, the adsorption capacity under the acid situation is all about 95%.The sample of the different lanthanum dopings of Fig. 4 is to Cr 6+Absorption property.
Embodiment four
Take by weighing the 20% cerium dioxide porous micron ball 0.05g of lanthanum doping for preparing, joining initial concentration is 20mgL -1Cr 6+Among the solution 25mL, use 1molL -1HCl and 1molL -1NH 3H 2The pH value of O regulator solution is respectively between 2～6, and adsorption time 5h measures remaining Cr in the solution 6+Ion concentration.Through the characterization result analysis: initial concentration is 20mgL -1Cr 6+In the solution, solution reaches the optimal adsorption amount at pH=3.

Claims (8)

1.一种镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：1. a preparation method of lanthanum-doped ceria porous microspheres, characterized in that, the preparation method may further comprise the steps: 步骤1：将La(NO3)3·6H2O、Ce(NO3)3·6H2O按La3+掺入原子配比为10％～60％溶于无水乙醇中配制成反应溶液，溶液中金属离子浓度总和为0.1mol·L-1，整个反应过程是将混合溶液搅拌加热至60～90℃后，向La/Ce混合溶液中滴加甲酸溶液，使得H+在反应中的浓度为0.01～0.24mol·L-1之间；使金属离子充分沉淀，形成白色悬浊液；Step 1: Dissolving La(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O and Ce(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a reaction solution according to the La 3+ incorporation atomic ratio of 10% to 60% , the total concentration of metal ions in the solution is 0.1mol·L -1 , the whole reaction process is to stir and heat the mixed solution to 60-90°C, then add formic acid solution dropwise to the La/Ce mixed solution, so that the H + in the reaction The concentration is between 0.01 and 0.24mol L -1 ; the metal ions are fully precipitated to form a white suspension; 步骤2：将所得白色悬浊液离心，用乙醇反复洗涤，烘干得到前驱体，备用；Step 2: Centrifuge the obtained white suspension, wash it repeatedly with ethanol, and dry it to obtain the precursor, which is set aside; 步骤3：将步骤2中所得的前驱体在马弗炉中烧结，烧结温度为350～500℃，烧结时间2～4h，冷却后即得到镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球。Step 3: Sinter the precursor obtained in step 2 in a muffle furnace at a sintering temperature of 350-500° C. for 2-4 hours, and obtain lanthanum-doped ceria porous microspheres after cooling. 2.根据权利要求1所述的镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤1中滴加甲酸溶液的速度为0.5～2mL·min-1。2 . The preparation method of lanthanum-doped ceria porous microspheres according to claim 1 , characterized in that: in the step 1, the rate of dropping the formic acid solution is 0.5-2 mL·min −1 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤1中，H+在反应中的浓度为0.04～0.18mol·L-1之间。3. The preparation method of lanthanum-doped ceria porous microspheres according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, the concentration of H + in the reaction is between 0.04 and 0.18 mol·L -1 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤1中整个反应过程是将混合溶液搅拌10～20min，同时将混合溶液加热至70～80℃之间。4. The preparation method of lanthanum-doped ceria porous microspheres according to claim 1, characterized in that: the whole reaction process in the step 1 is to stir the mixed solution for 10-20min, while heating the mixed solution to 70 ~80°C. 5.根据权利要求1所述的镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球的制备方法，其特征在于：制得的镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球具有二氧化铈的立方萤石结构，尺度为100nm～4μm，比表面积为140～230m2·g-1，平均孔径为2～10nm。5. the preparation method of lanthanum-doped ceria porous microsphere according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the prepared lanthanum-doped ceria porous microsphere has the cubic fluorite structure of ceria, and the scale is 100nm-4μm, specific surface area 140-230m 2 ·g -1 , average pore diameter 2-10nm. 6.一种镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球对Cr6+的去除应用，其特征在于：将按所述制备方法制备好的镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球作为吸附剂对水溶液中Cr6+进行去除，吸附剂用量为0.4～6g·L-1；在室温下，以1mol·L-1HCl和1mol·L-1NH3·H2O调节反应体系pH为1～6，吸附时间为1～1380min，Cr6+去除率为15～95％。6. A lanthanum-doped ceria porous microsphere is used for the removal of Cr 6+ , characterized in that: the lanthanum-doped ceria porous microsphere prepared by the preparation method is used as an adsorbent to remove Cr in aqueous solution 6+ for removal, the amount of adsorbent is 0.4~6g·L -1 ; at room temperature, adjust the pH of the reaction system to 1~6 with 1mol·L -1 HCl and 1mol·L -1 NH 3 ·H 2 O, the adsorption The time is 1-1380 min, and the removal rate of Cr 6+ is 15-95%. 7.根据权利要求6所述的镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球对Cr6+的去除应用，其特征在于：所述水溶液为Cr6+含量为10～60mg·L-1的水溶液。7. The application of the lanthanum-doped ceria porous microspheres for Cr 6+ removal according to claim 6, characterized in that: the aqueous solution is an aqueous solution with a Cr 6+ content of 10-60 mg·L −1 . 8.根据权利要求6或7中任意一项所述的镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微球对Cr6+的去除应用，其特征在于：8. according to the lanthanum-doped ceria porous microsphere described in any one in claim 6 or 7 to the removal application of Cr 6+ , it is characterized in that: 所述镧掺杂二氧化铈多孔微米球的镧掺杂量为20％，比表面积为197m2·g-1，对于Cr6+离子浓度为20mg·L-1的水溶液，吸附剂添加量为2g·L-1，溶液pH为3，吸附时间5h，Cr6+去除率为97％。The lanthanum doping amount of the lanthanum-doped ceria porous microspheres is 20%, the specific surface area is 197m 2 ·g -1 , and for an aqueous solution with a Cr 6+ ion concentration of 20 mg·L -1 , the amount of adsorbent added is 2g·L -1 , the pH of the solution is 3, the adsorption time is 5h, and the removal rate of Cr 6+ is 97%.
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CN102078793A (en) * 2010-11-25 2011-06-01 北京科技大学 Hydrothermal preparation of an oxalic acid system cerium oxide ball and its application to Cr6+ removal
CN103596886A (en) * 2011-04-13 2014-02-19 莫利康普矿物有限责任公司 Rare earth removal of hydrated and hydroxyl species
CN106622109A (en) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-10 北京工业大学 Preparation method of lanthanum modified red mud chromium removing adsorbent
CN107029794A (en) * 2017-04-01 2017-08-11 滨州学院 A kind of catalyst for handling esterification waste water
CN108408756A (en) * 2018-03-02 2018-08-17 复旦大学 Cerium dioxide micro-balloon and its preparation method and application with multistage nucleocapsid
US10577259B2 (en) 2014-03-07 2020-03-03 Secure Natural Resources Llc Removal of arsenic from aqueous streams with cerium (IV) oxide compositions
CN114082396A (en) * 2021-09-28 2022-02-25 淮阴师范学院 Magnetic persimmon cake-shaped cerium ferrite/cerium dioxide composite adsorbent and preparation method thereof
CN115465879A (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-13 四川大学 A kind of preparation method of spherical CeO2
CN115504500A (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-12-23 中国矿业大学 Preparation method of yttrium-doped cerium oxide and method for removing hexavalent chromium in sewage
CN117361602A (en) * 2023-10-25 2024-01-09 吉林大学 Preparation method of monodisperse spherical ceria nanoparticles doped with rare earth ions

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CN102078793A (en) * 2010-11-25 2011-06-01 北京科技大学 Hydrothermal preparation of an oxalic acid system cerium oxide ball and its application to Cr6+ removal
CN102078793B (en) * 2010-11-25 2012-09-19 北京科技大学 Hydrothermal preparation of oxalic acid system cerium oxide sphere and application of oxalate system cerium oxide sphere for removing Cr<6+>
CN103596886A (en) * 2011-04-13 2014-02-19 莫利康普矿物有限责任公司 Rare earth removal of hydrated and hydroxyl species
US10577259B2 (en) 2014-03-07 2020-03-03 Secure Natural Resources Llc Removal of arsenic from aqueous streams with cerium (IV) oxide compositions
CN106622109A (en) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-10 北京工业大学 Preparation method of lanthanum modified red mud chromium removing adsorbent
CN107029794B (en) * 2017-04-01 2019-08-23 滨州学院 A kind of catalyst handling esterification waste water
CN107029794A (en) * 2017-04-01 2017-08-11 滨州学院 A kind of catalyst for handling esterification waste water
CN108408756A (en) * 2018-03-02 2018-08-17 复旦大学 Cerium dioxide micro-balloon and its preparation method and application with multistage nucleocapsid
CN108408756B (en) * 2018-03-02 2020-07-07 复旦大学 Ceria microspheres with multi-level core-shell structure and preparation method and application thereof
CN115465879A (en) * 2021-06-11 2022-12-13 四川大学 A kind of preparation method of spherical CeO2
CN115465879B (en) * 2021-06-11 2023-06-02 四川大学 Spherical CeO 2 Is prepared by the preparation method of (2)
CN114082396A (en) * 2021-09-28 2022-02-25 淮阴师范学院 Magnetic persimmon cake-shaped cerium ferrite/cerium dioxide composite adsorbent and preparation method thereof
CN114082396B (en) * 2021-09-28 2023-07-11 淮阴师范学院 Magnetic persimmon cake-shaped cerium ferrite/cerium dioxide composite adsorbent and preparation method thereof
CN115504500A (en) * 2022-07-28 2022-12-23 中国矿业大学 Preparation method of yttrium-doped cerium oxide and method for removing hexavalent chromium in sewage
CN117361602A (en) * 2023-10-25 2024-01-09 吉林大学 Preparation method of monodisperse spherical ceria nanoparticles doped with rare earth ions

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