CN101833112B - Base plate limestone karst stationing detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a floor limestone karst detection method, which includes a signal source, a detector, and a signal processing unit. throughout the karst; the detector is arranged in the underground tunnel of the mine to detect the signal sent by the signal source, and input the signal to the signal processing unit; the signal processing unit processes the received signal to obtain the signal source According to the location of multiple signal sources, combined with on-site hydrogeological data and field experience, the area and distribution law of floor limestone karst development can be obtained statistically. The structure is simple, the cost is low, and the requirements for construction technicians are low. It can be popularized on site and is less affected by geological conditions.

Description

Detecting method of floor limestone karst point distribution

technical field

The invention relates to a karst survey technology, in particular to a detection method for floor limestone karst point distribution.

Background technique

The survey method of karst and karst collapse has always been a problem that people are trying to explore. Finding out the spatial location and scale of the underlying karst caves is very important for mines that are threatened by the confined water of the floor limestone karst. Only by clarifying the water-rich law of the floor limestone can effective water control be achieved.

In the prior art, the karst survey method mainly adopts the detection technology mainly based on geophysical prospecting. Including geological radar, microgravity measurement, seismic exploration, direct current exploration, electromagnetic exploration, infrared water exploration technology, advanced horizontal drilling and other methods.

The above-mentioned methods of detecting karst distribution have certain defects, and the cost is high, and the requirements for construction technicians are high, so it is difficult to popularize in the field; it is greatly affected by geological conditions, and it is difficult to measure areas with strong electromagnetic coupling effects.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a floor limestone karst detection method with simple structure, low cost, low requirements for construction technicians, which can be popularized on site and is less affected by geological conditions.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The floor limestone karst detection method of the present invention includes a signal source, a detector, and a signal processing unit, and the signal source is driven by an object capable of swimming in water to randomly swim everywhere in the floor limestone karst;

The detector is arranged in the underground tunnel of the mine, and is used to detect the signal sent by the signal source, and input the signal to the signal processing unit;

The signal processing unit processes the received signal to obtain the position of the signal source.

It can be seen from the above-mentioned technical solution provided by the present invention that the floor limestone karst detection method of the present invention includes a signal source, a detector, and a signal processing unit, and the signal source is driven by an object that can swim in water. Swimming around the floor limestone karst; the detector is arranged in the underground tunnel of the mine to detect the signal sent by the signal source, and input the signal to the signal processing unit; the signal processing unit processes the received signal , to obtain the position of the signal source. The structure is simple, the cost is low, and the requirements for construction technicians are low. It can be popularized on site and is less affected by geological conditions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of explosion source point in the specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of biological spot detection in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of biological point distribution detection in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The floor limestone karst detection method of the present invention, its preferred specific implementation mode is:

It includes a signal source, a detector, and a signal processing unit. The signal source is driven by an object that can swim in the water, and randomly swims everywhere in the floor limestone karst;

The detector is arranged in the underground tunnel of the mine, and is used to detect the signal sent by the signal source, and input the signal to the signal processing unit;

The signal processing unit processes the received signal to obtain the position of the signal source.

The object capable of swimming in water can be an aquatic animal capable of withstanding water pressure greater than or equal to 1Mpa, such as one or more of the following aquatic animals:

Black bream, sturgeon, eel, eel.

The object capable of swimming in water may also be a mechanical device.

The signal sources may include one or more of the following:

A signal source capable of generating shock wave signals, a signal source capable of generating ultrasonic signals, a signal source capable of generating infrasonic wave signals, and a signal source capable of generating electromagnetic wave signals; the detector can detect corresponding signals.

The signal source capable of generating the shock wave signal may be the source point of the explosion, and the detector may use a mining microseismic detector.

The explosion source point includes an explosive part and a floating part, and the explosive part is provided with an electronic detonator, which can detonate at regular intervals and generate shock waves that can propagate in the rock formation;

The floating part can adjust the overall bulk density of the source point so that it is the same as the bulk density of karst water, and can be suspended in karst water.

A plurality of detectors may be arranged in the underground tunnel of the mine, and the signal processing unit processes the received signals of the plurality of detectors to obtain the position of the signal source.

There may be multiple signal sources, and the signal processing unit calculates the areas and distribution rules of the floor limestone karst development according to the positions of the multiple signal sources, combined with on-site hydrogeological data and on-site experience.

The floor limestone karst detection method of the present invention is completely different from the existing floor limestone karst detection technology, and is a brand-new technical idea.

A number of measuring points that can emit detectable physical signals are placed in the floor limestone karst through drilling holes, and the measuring points are arranged in the karst through biological or other mechanical devices. In the floor limestone karst water, the signal The measuring point is driven by aquatic animals (such as fish), and along the karst channel, randomly swims everywhere in the floor limestone karst;

In the underground tunnel of the mine, use corresponding geophysical instruments to detect the signals from these measuring points and detect where there are karst caves;

Specific examples:

The measuring point adopts the explosion source measuring point, and the testing instrument adopts the mining microseismic detector. Specifically include:

Source point: It consists of two parts: the explosive part and the floating part. The role of the explosive part is to detonate at regular intervals, and a blast will generate a shock wave that travels a long distance in the rock formation; the role of the floating part is to fill in gas to adjust the overall bulk density of the source device so that it is the same as the bulk density of karst water and can be suspended in the rock formation. Karst water.

Deep-water organisms: It is required to have certain water pressure resistance and be able to withstand the high pressure of underground karst; it is slender and good at swimming, and can swim through small caves. Through the free and random swimming of deep-water organisms in the limestone karst water of the bottom plate, the source point is brought to different areas in the limestone.

Through the free and random swimming of deep-water pressure-resistant organisms in the floor limestone karst water, the source point is brought to different areas in the floor limestone; Swimming freely for a certain period of time, bring the source point to different areas in the floor limestone; using a mine microseismometer, the detectors arranged in different positions in the underground roadway simultaneously measure the explosion vibration signal of the source point in the floor limestone , through the data processing of the microseismometer to obtain the spatial position of the downhole seismic source point. Based on the locations of multiple hypocenters measured at different times, combined with on-site hydrogeological data and on-site experience, the areas and distribution rules of floor limestone karst development are statistically obtained.

Among the above-mentioned specific examples:

Deep-water pressure-resistant organisms:

It must have the characteristics of pressure resistance, slender body, good at swimming, and be able to survive for a long time in underground high-pressure karst water, and distribute the vibration points in different areas of the floor limestone karst.

Since freshwater fish mainly live at 0-100m, their compressive value is generally less than 1Mpa. As for marine fish, due to the large depth of the ocean, their compressive strength varies greatly, as shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Fish and pressure range

deep sea fish middle zone 200-1000 2~10 Eelidae: line eel, line mouth eel, eel; Pyrocarpus family: quasi-sloe bream, southern quasi-snare bream; Weasel blennidae: soft weasel blenny; Syngiridae: short-finned syngillary eel, rice field eel; octopus wait deep zone 1000-4000 10~40 Cetidae: sail-finned scorpion; Mimiccetidae: split cetacean, deep-water imitation whale; Dorsal fish: hairy stickleback, spiny stickleback; Blackhead fish: blackhead, blackmouth flathead fish; octopus wait Abyss Zone 4000-6000 40~60 sunfish, candlefish, etc.

Through the comparison of the pressure resistance values of the fish in the table, black sea bream, sturgeon, eel, rice field eel, octopus, etc. can withstand water pressure greater than 1Mpa, among which rice field eel and eel have higher pressure resistance values (2~10Mpa), and are good at swimming , has low environmental requirements, can drive the detector to move in limestone karst water, and has a wide range of materials and low cost.

source point:

As shown in Figure 1, it has the functions of sealing air, withstanding high water pressure and wrapping explosives, and generates strong shock waves. It includes a connecting rope 1, an explosive part 2 and a floating part 3. The explosive part 2 has a timing detonation, and a blast produces a strong shock wave. The function of the floating part 3 is to fill in gas to adjust the overall bulk density of the source device so that it is the same as the bulk density of the karst water and can be suspended in the karst water. The connecting rope 1 connects the deep-water organism 4, the explosive part 2 and the floating part 3 together.

Floating part 3: It is filled with air, mainly to adjust the overall bulk density of the source device.

Explosives Department 2: Mainly use common mining explosives 5 and electronic detonators 6 . Mining explosive 5 has the characteristics of good phase melting, high detonation velocity, high power and low sensitivity, and can meet the requirements of vibration blasting. The electronic detonator 6 has a timing detonation function, and the detonation time is set to detonate on time.

Shock signal receiving processor:

The vibration signal receiving processor uses the mining microseismometer and geophones arranged in different positions in the underground roadway to measure the explosion vibration signal of the seismic source point in the floor limestone, and obtains the spatial position of the underground seismic source point through the data processing of the microseismometer. Such as comprehensive engineering detector (seismograph).

The detection process of the above specific embodiment is as follows:

1. Preparation:

(1) Limestone karst water sample measurement: karst water samples can be taken out through ground drilling connected to limestone karst or at the outcropping point of excavated limestone karst caves for water quality testing and deep-water biological tests to determine the presence of deep-water organisms in karst water. The maximum survival time T;

(2) Material preparation: Prepare a certain number of suitable deep-water pressure-resistant organisms, shock wave receiving processors, timers, connecting ropes and other related materials;

(3) Calibration of the wave velocity of the detector: Several explosion points can be set in the roadway near the karst, and the seismic wave propagation speed V rock of the integrated engineering detector in the roadway rock formation can be calibrated.

(4) Assembling the source device: according to the site monitoring requirements, in the explosive part, install a timer and a small amount of mining explosive at each source point, and set the explosive detonation time Ti (Ti<T); in the floating part, fill the air conditioner The overall bulk density of the source device is the same as that of karst water, so it can be suspended in karst water.

2. On-site monitoring:

(1) Connect the deep-water organisms and the source point to form a deep-water biological detection sensor. At the exposed point of the excavated limestone karst cave or drill the ground into the limestone karst cave, put the deep-water biological detection sensor into the karst waters. After a certain period of time, let the deep water Organisms fully swim in the limestone cave, bringing the source point to different areas in the floor limestone;

(2) As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the detectors are arranged in a certain way in the working face;

(3) The timing detonator punctually detonates the explosive at the time Ti to generate an explosion shock wave, and the shock signal is received by the shock wave detector j at the time Ti+Δtij.

3. Data processing:

(1) Calculate the relative position of the explosion point and the origin detector point according to the calculation formula, and use multiple sets of vibration detectors with different orientations to enhance the accuracy of the detection data and determine the spatial position of the explosion point. According to the locations of multiple hypocenters measured at different times, the area and distribution law of floor limestone karst development are obtained statistically.

(2) Combining the distribution range of outcropping points and hydrogeological conditions on site, determine the karst development area of floor limestone.

The above specific embodiments have the following beneficial effects:

1. The deep-water organisms and instruments required for observation can be purchased or customized through the market, with a wide range of materials and low cost;

2. During the observation process, it is especially suitable for field and coal mine roadway operations;

3. The measuring points are arranged inside the karst, and a shock wave signal is generated through an explosion, which penetrates a large distance into the rock formation and the measurement results are more accurate.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can easily think of changes or Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a base plate limestone karst stationing detection method is characterized in that, comprises a plurality of signal sources, a plurality of detection instrument, signal processing unit, and said signal source drives through the object that can in water, move about, and random walk to base plate limestone karst everywhere;

Said detection instrument is arranged in the mine underworkings, is used to detect the signal that said signal source is sent, and this signal is inputed to said signal processing unit;

Said signal processing unit is handled to the received signal, draws the position of said signal source;

Said signal processing unit is according to the position of a plurality of signal sources, and combines on-the-spot hydrogeologic data and on-site experience, and statistics drawing the zone and the regularity of distribution that base plate limestone karst is grown;

The said object that can in water, move about is that mechanical hook-up maybe can bear the aquatic animal more than or equal to 1Mpa hydraulic pressure;

Said aquatic animal comprise following one or more:

Black porgy, sturgeon, eel, swamp eel;

Said signal source comprise following one or more:

Can produce the shock wave signal signal source, can produce ultrasonic signal signal source, can produce the signal source of infrasonic wave signal, the signal source of the signal that can generate electromagnetic waves;

Said detection instrument can detect corresponding signal.

2. base plate limestone karst stationing detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said signal source that can produce the shock wave signal is the hypocenter of the explosion point, and said detection instrument adopts mining microseism detection instrument.

3. base plate limestone karst stationing detection method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said hypocenter of the explosion point comprises explosive portion and floating portion, and said explosive portion is provided with electronic initiators, can regularly detonate, and produce the shock wave that can in the rock stratum, propagate;

Said floating the whole unit weight that can regulate said focal point makes it identical with karst water unit weight, can be suspended in the karst water.

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